EP0795061B1 - Dispositif de mur drainant implante dans un sol - Google Patents
Dispositif de mur drainant implante dans un sol Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0795061B1 EP0795061B1 EP96930210A EP96930210A EP0795061B1 EP 0795061 B1 EP0795061 B1 EP 0795061B1 EP 96930210 A EP96930210 A EP 96930210A EP 96930210 A EP96930210 A EP 96930210A EP 0795061 B1 EP0795061 B1 EP 0795061B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- drainage
- gallery
- downstream
- area
- upstream
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012550 audit Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010891 toxic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B11/00—Drainage of soil, e.g. for agricultural purposes
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D19/00—Keeping dry foundation sites or other areas in the ground
- E02D19/06—Restraining of underground water
- E02D19/12—Restraining of underground water by damming or interrupting the passage of underground water
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
- E02D31/02—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against ground humidity or ground water
Definitions
- the invention relates to the protection of a area or ground or underground facility vis-à-vis the flow of water in the soil surrounding the site.
- This type of draining wall can both protect the area or facility in question against the entrainment of internal pollution as a result damage to this area or installation by water flows, but also protect an area or installation and its surroundings of external pollution caused by flows through the polluted site.
- Such a draining wall also makes it possible to envisage the cleaning of polluted soil by hydraulic pumping.
- a application is planned for the geological storage of toxic waste, in particular nuclear waste.
- Figure 1 shows in cuts a region with its basement in which a fault phenomenon has occurred. This phenomenon is symbolized by two cracks, an upstream crack 1 and a downstream crack 2.
- the arrow 3 placed in the basement shows the direction of water flow at this location.
- the vertical lines 4 parallel to each other symbolize storage wells joined at the top by a gallery horizontal handling 5.
- Vertical wells 6 placed at the end of this storage facility are draining wells. Arrows placed at around these draining wells 6 show that the surrounding flows are attracted to these wells draining 6 and are channeled through the gallery horizontal handling. So the flows have tendency to avoid storage wells 4. This has the consequence that the water passing through this area of storage comes out with a radioactivity rate partially reduced.
- the flows of the massif are diverted from their initial orientation, generally horizontal, to reach a vertical orientation in the vicinity storage wells.
- These wells then help to drain the water coming from upstream of storage also on a height important massif. All this drained water is then channeled into contact with the waste located in the storage well. Its potential contamination is then increased by the existence of all these excavations draining.
- the object of the invention is to remedy these disadvantages and, in general, to isolate a underground volume of flows taking place in the basement at this location, to avoid altering this volume by runoff or to prevent this water do not extract pollutants by crossing.
- Means for evacuating drained flows hydraulically can be constituted by a pumping device connected to the upstream / downstream gallery.
- the means for discharge the hydraulically drained flows are formed by the natural outlet downstream of the area underground.
- the means to discharge the hydraulically drained flows can also consist of a plurality of wells drainage downstream, interconnected by at least a second gallery of wells spaced apart others far greater than the radius of hydraulic influence of an isolated well to convey the flows drained downstream of the zone or the installation.
- the wells Preferably, if the area or facility underground at a determined height, the wells also have a determined height more important than the height of the area or volume.
- a second main object of the invention is a method of protecting an area or a ground or underground installation against hydraulic flows in the basement in a determined direction, this process of placing a draining wall device as it has just been summary, substantially perpendicular to the direction determined flow, upstream of the zone or the installation.
- each of these access galleries with a determined number of wells storage, these access galleries are galleries draining upstream / downstream which extend to the plurality of wells located upstream and downstream installation hydraulics up to the second gallery of drainage wells, the number of drainage wells being two to five times larger than the number of draining axial galleries.
- the invention suggests adding 6A drainage wells in addition to draining wells 6 of FIG. 2A, between these wells 6 originally planned.
- Figure 1 proposed a draining well 6 relatively deep. As you can see lower arrows show that general drainage in the area delimited by cracks 1 and 2 flows in the direction of arrow 3. On the other hand, around the base of the draining well 6, the flow has tend to be attracted to the latter and management flow can be reversed downstream of the well draining 6. This inversion constitutes a phenomenon particularly interesting to exploit to limit water entrainments to the base of the wells storage 4 if it is possible to carry it out on any the area of the massif located under the storage area. This effect is retained in the draining wall device according to the invention if the draining wells 6 are more deeper than the area to be protected. It is even shown that in this case it leads to a reduction significant circulation of water under the area of storage towards storage wells 4. This reduction is even greater if waterproof or not very permeable caps are placed in head of storage wells 4.
- FIG 3 we note that a gallery of drainage and balancing, called gallery of wells drainage 8, perpendicular to the axial galleries draining 7 and parallel to a central gallery access 9 is provided at the level of the draining wells 6 and 6A.
- This gallery of drainage wells 8 favors the efficiency of drain wells 6 and 6A and increases so their distance of influence to hold the efficiency desired, despite the relatively large spacing between each draining well.
- This gallery of wells drainage 8 evacuates the flows drained by the well 6, 6A.
- FIG 4 is shown in detail a nuclear waste storage facility underground.
- Each of these upstream / downstream galleries 7 provide access to a series storage wells 4 in each of which are slipped several packages of sunken nuclear waste in a mass of glass. Everything can be covered of clay inside the storage wells 4.
- a ventilation is organized in the access gallery central 9 and upstream / downstream draining drifts 7 with an air return gallery 18.
- the draining property of the galleries upstream / downstream can be suppressed if tightening (or caps) are placed there when the storage is closed.
- the hydraulic connection between the upstream draining wall and the downstream can then be carried out using the gallery return air 18 if it is backfilled with a draining material when storage is closed.
- the depth of the wells draining 6, 6A and 6B can also capture a vertical geohydraulic circulation gradient.
- the system only works if it exists at minus an upstream / downstream gallery 7 in the axis of the flow which connects this draining wall downstream the area to be protected.
- a downstream wall can also be built: it will limit the depth of the upstream wall and the length of the axial drainage gallery dug at downstream of this area.
- the principle general of the invention is therefore to erect a wall draining comprising vertical draining wells 6, spaced from each other and connected to one of their ends by a gallery of drainage wells 8.
- the height of draining wells is greater than height volume or zone 11 underground or not to protect from hydraulic flows, whatever the porosity of the massif or subsoil in question.
- the width of the draining wall can also be greater to the width of this volume 11.
- the wall of draining wells 6 is completed a drainage and balancing gallery called gallery upstream / downstream 7, oriented axially in the direction of the global underground flow. It is connected in upstream to the gallery of drainage wells 8 and downstream to a second wall of draining wells 6 by another gallery of drainage wells 8.
- Drainage walls can be made also on the other two faces of the area to protect to cope with the possible evolution of the general direction of flow.
- Another way to allow the water entrainment coming from upstream from site and collected by the upstream draining wall towards the downstream consists in using other galleries more distant from nuclear waste, such as return air galleries which are envisaged above drainage or axial galleries mentioned above, provided that they are backfilled with a permeable material.
- Figure 6 shows an example of use particular of the wall device according to the invention, for the protection of a tunnel 20 against a flow general of the waters inside a massif, symbolized by the horizontal arrow 21.
- the wall is always consisting of draining wells 6, with the difference that these wells can lead to surface 24 of the soil of the massif crossed by tunnel 20.
- the shaft gallery drainage 22 which connects the draining wells 6 is placed in this case at their lower ends.
- a upstream / downstream gallery 23 can also be provided at same level as the gallery of drainage wells 22. In this case, the upstream / downstream gallery 23 passes below from tunnel 20 to lead downstream of it to the natural outlet in relation to the general flow of waters, symbolized by the arrow 21.
- Figure 7 shows another realization of the means for hydraulically unloading the wall. It is a pumping station 18 which fills this function, via a pipe 19 connected to the drainage and balancing gallery upstream / downstream 7.
- This process can also be applied to a nuclear waste storage without vertical sinks.
- the waste packages are then placed in the horizontal access galleries with care next: the axial drainage gallery (or) must be hydraulically isolated from these access galleries: tightness (or plugs) little permeable must be made at the entrance and at the exit from these access galleries.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Underground Structures, Protecting, Testing And Restoring Foundations (AREA)
- Sewage (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Description
- une pluralité de puits drainants formant un mur placé en amont de ladite zone à protéger et sensiblement perpendiculairement à la direction d'écoulement, définissant chacun un rayon d'influence hydraulique déterminée, verticaux, espacés les uns des autres d'une distance très supérieure audit rayon d'influence hydraulique,
- au moins une première galerie de drainage et d'équilibrage sensiblement horizontale, dite galerie des puits, reliant les puits drainants entre eux ;
- au moins une deuxième galerie de drainage et d'équilibrage, dite galerie amont/aval qui est orientée axialement dans le sens de l'écoulement et qui relie ce mur drainant à l'aval hydraulique de cette zone à protéger ; et
- des moyens pour évacuer les débits drainés et reliés hydrauliquement avec les galeries de drainage et d'équilibrage.
- figure 1, en coupe frontale, le sous-sol d'un terrain dans lequel est implantée une zone de stockage de déchets nucléaires équipée d'un système drainant selon l'art antérieur et devant être complétée selon l'invention :
- figure 2A, un schéma en vue de dessus de l'installation de la figure 1 ;
- figure 2B, un schéma en perspective des écoulements au voisinage de l'installation de la figure 2 ;
- figure 3, un schéma en vue de dessus d'une installation de la figure 1 équipée d'un dispositif de mur selon l'invention ;
- figure 4, un schéma en vue cavalière d'une installation de stockage de déchets nucléaires à laquelle est appliqué le dispositif de mur selon l'invention ;
- figure 5, une vue cavalière écorchée d'une installation souterraine équipée d'un dispositif de mur selon l'invention dans une première réalisation particulière ;
- figure 6, un schéma relatif à l'utilisation de l'invention pour la protection d'un tunnel ; et
- figure 7, un schéma en vue cavalière écorchée d'une installation souterraine équipée d'un dispositif de mur selon l'invention dans une deuxième réalisation.
Claims (8)
- Dispositif de mur drainant implanté dans un sous-sol pour protéger une zone ou une installation terrestre ou souterraine (11, 20) contre les écoulements hydrauliques dans le sous-sol, le mur drainant comprenant :une pluralité de puits drainants (6,6A) formant un mur placé en amont de ladite zone à protéger et sensiblement perpendiculairement à la direction d'écoulement, définissant chacun un rayon d'influence hydraulique déterminée, verticaux, espacés les uns des autres d'une distance très supérieure audit rayon hydraulique,au moins une première galerie de drainage et d'équilibrage sensiblement horizontale, dite galerie des puits de drainage (8) reliant les puits drainants (6,6A) entre eux ;au moins une deuxième galerie de drainage et d'équilibrage dite galerie amont/aval (7, 23) qui est orientée axialement dans le sens de l'écoulement et qui relie ce mur drainant à l'aval hydraulique de cette zone à protéger ; etdes moyens pour évacuer les débits drainés et reliés hydrauliquement avec les galeries de drainage et d'équilibrage (8, 7, 23).
- Dispositif de mur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens pour évacuer les débits drainés hydrauliquement sont constitués par un dispositif de pompage (18) relié à la galerie amont/aval (13, 7, 23).
- Dispositif de mur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens pour évacuer les débits drainés hydrauliquement sont constitués par l'exutoire naturel aval de la zone souterraine.
- Dispositif de mur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens pour évacuer les débits drainés hydrauliquement sont constitués d'une pluralité de puits drainants (12) situés en aval, reliés entre eux par au moins une deuxième galerie de drainage et d'équilibrage de puits de drainage (8) espacés les uns des autres d'une distance très supérieure au rayon d'influence hydraulique d'un puits isolé pour acheminer les débits drainés en aval de la zone ou de l'installation (11, 20).
- Dispositif de mur drainant selon la revendication 1, la zone ou l'installation (11, 20) à protéger ayant une hauteur déterminée, caractérisé en ce que les puits drainants (6,6A) ont une hauteur plus importante que celle-ci.
- Procédé de protection d'une zone ou d'une installation souterraine (11, 20) contre les écoulements hydrauliques dans le sous-sol dans une direction déterminée, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à placer un dispositif de mur drainant d'après l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, le mur étant placé en amont de cette zone ou ce volume (11, 20) et sensiblement perpendiculairement à la direction d'écoulement.
- Procédé de protection selon la revendication 6, mis en oeuvre dans un sous-sol où se trouve une galerie destinée initialement au retour d'air (18) et orientée dans le sens des écoulements hydrauliques, caractérisé en ce que la galerie de drainage et d'équilibrage amont/aval reliant la pluralité de puits drainants situés à l'aval hydraulique d'évacuation des débits drainés est constituée par au moins la galerie destinée initialement aux retours d'air (18).
- Procédé selon la revendication 6, la zone ou le volume (11, 20) étant une installation de stockage de déchets nucléaires (11) comportant des galeries d'accès chacune de ces galeries d'accès possédant un nombre déterminé de puits de stockage (4), caractérisé en ce que ces galeries d'accès sont des galeries drainantes amont/aval (7) qui se prolongent jusqu'à la pluralité de puits (6, 6A, 6B) situés à l'amont et à l'aval hydraulique de l'installation (11), à la hauteur de la galerie de puits de drainage, le nombre de puits drainants (6,6A) étant deux à cinq fois plus important que le nombre de galeries axiales drainantes (7).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9510386 | 1995-09-05 | ||
FR9510386A FR2738268B1 (fr) | 1995-09-05 | 1995-09-05 | Mur drainant implante dans un sol |
PCT/FR1996/001355 WO1997009486A1 (fr) | 1995-09-05 | 1996-09-04 | Dispositif de mur drainant implante dans un sol |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0795061A1 EP0795061A1 (fr) | 1997-09-17 |
EP0795061B1 true EP0795061B1 (fr) | 2000-04-19 |
Family
ID=9482275
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP96930210A Expired - Lifetime EP0795061B1 (fr) | 1995-09-05 | 1996-09-04 | Dispositif de mur drainant implante dans un sol |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0795061B1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69607824T2 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2147393T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2738268B1 (fr) |
RU (1) | RU2169815C2 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1997009486A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ES2208013B1 (es) * | 2001-07-04 | 2005-07-16 | Paulino Alegre Fidalgo | Muro de salvaguarda y control de reservas de agua subterranea. |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE411053B (sv) * | 1976-06-09 | 1979-11-26 | Morfeldt Carl Olof Oskar | Sett att forhindra att grundvatten kontamineras av skadliga emnen herrorande fran pa en ort befintliga produkter |
US4288174A (en) * | 1979-09-10 | 1981-09-08 | Laws Awbrey C | System for groundwater flow control |
US5316410A (en) * | 1992-06-09 | 1994-05-31 | Blume Robert F | Foundation drainage system |
-
1995
- 1995-09-05 FR FR9510386A patent/FR2738268B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1996
- 1996-09-04 DE DE69607824T patent/DE69607824T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-09-04 ES ES96930210T patent/ES2147393T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-09-04 RU RU97109346/03A patent/RU2169815C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-09-04 EP EP96930210A patent/EP0795061B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-09-04 WO PCT/FR1996/001355 patent/WO1997009486A1/fr active IP Right Grant
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2738268B1 (fr) | 1997-10-24 |
FR2738268A1 (fr) | 1997-03-07 |
WO1997009486A1 (fr) | 1997-03-13 |
EP0795061A1 (fr) | 1997-09-17 |
RU2169815C2 (ru) | 2001-06-27 |
DE69607824T2 (de) | 2000-11-09 |
DE69607824D1 (de) | 2000-05-25 |
ES2147393T3 (es) | 2000-09-01 |
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