EP0792722A1 - Cutting tool of the bolt cutter type - Google Patents

Cutting tool of the bolt cutter type Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0792722A1
EP0792722A1 EP97400206A EP97400206A EP0792722A1 EP 0792722 A1 EP0792722 A1 EP 0792722A1 EP 97400206 A EP97400206 A EP 97400206A EP 97400206 A EP97400206 A EP 97400206A EP 0792722 A1 EP0792722 A1 EP 0792722A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
blade
cutting
support
tool
support elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP97400206A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Antoine Deville
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Deville SA
Original Assignee
Deville SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Deville SA filed Critical Deville SA
Publication of EP0792722A1 publication Critical patent/EP0792722A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B7/00—Pliers; Other hand-held gripping tools with jaws on pivoted limbs; Details applicable generally to pivoted-limb hand tools
    • B25B7/12—Pliers; Other hand-held gripping tools with jaws on pivoted limbs; Details applicable generally to pivoted-limb hand tools involving special transmission means between the handles and the jaws, e.g. toggle levers, gears
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B7/00—Pliers; Other hand-held gripping tools with jaws on pivoted limbs; Details applicable generally to pivoted-limb hand tools
    • B25B7/02—Jaws
    • B25B7/04—Jaws adjustable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26B—HAND-HELD CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B26B17/00—Hand cutting tools, i.e. with the cutting action actuated by muscle power with two jaws which come into abutting contact
    • B26B17/02—Hand cutting tools, i.e. with the cutting action actuated by muscle power with two jaws which come into abutting contact with jaws operated indirectly by the handles, e.g. through cams or toggle levers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cutting tool of the bolt cutter type.
  • such a tool comprises two blade supports which are each pivotally mounted around a respective axis carried by at least one spacer of the tool, and which each carry at the free end of their inner edge a removable cutting blade having an inner cutting edge located opposite the inner cutting edge of the other cutting blade, the tool further comprising means for pivoting the two blade supports about their respective pivot axis in directions opposite so as to bring the two cutting edges together so as to cut a metallic element such as a bolt.
  • each blade support is produced by forging, then is subjected to appropriate heat treatments.
  • the cost price of such a blade support is therefore high.
  • the removable cutting blade can be made of a noble and expensive material, for example high-speed steel or tungsten carbide.
  • the blade has a substantially triangular section and can be fixed to the support successively by each of its faces to allow the use of the cutting edge opposite to it.
  • the blade is fixed on its support by devices such as claws which can constitute a weak point of the tool.
  • the blade is in one piece with the blade support which is produced by forging, then quenched.
  • the cutting edge is for example rectified in order to better penetrate the metal to be cut and undergoes a second quenching at medium frequency to give the cutting surface a very high hardness.
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy the drawbacks of known bolt cutters, and to propose a cutting tool of the aforementioned type having a structure allowing a particularly economical production and assembly while being adaptable both to a tool of average quality and relatively inexpensive than a powerful and reliable tool more expensive than the previous one.
  • each blade support consists of two parallel support elements, integral with one another, between which is disposed a central spacer carrying the axes of rotation.
  • each of the two parallel support elements receives substantially only half of the forces developed during a cut.
  • These support elements can therefore have a limited thickness compatible with the capacities of a conventional stamping press.
  • These support elements can therefore be cut with a press from a sheet, which leads to a cost price much lower than that of a production by forging.
  • the tolerances obtained during the cutting of a sheet in the press by stamping and then punching and reaming remain compatible with the tolerances required for the production of a tool. cutting.
  • the simple and relatively inexpensive structure thus obtained can use blades of various qualities having different price levels.
  • This structure can therefore be used both for cutting tools of current quality, equipped with a blade made of a relatively ineffective and inexpensive material, as with blades made of a very efficient and relatively expensive material, for example of carbide. of tungsten, for powerful tools
  • the two support elements are guided during their pivoting by the central spacer, so that the cutting tool according to the invention is reliable.
  • each cutting blade has on each of its lateral faces a shoulder forming a bearing surface turned towards the rear of the blade and adapted to bear on a corresponding conjugate bearing surface of each support element.
  • each cutting blade comprises between the two shoulders a central part extending towards the rear of the blade and adapted to be inserted between the two corresponding support elements.
  • each cutting blade is fixed to the two corresponding support elements by a pin-forming element passing through two coaxial holes formed respectively in said support elements, and a hole formed in the central rear part of the blade of chopped off.
  • This hole passing through said central rear part is slightly offset towards the front of the blade relative to the coaxial holes passing respectively through the two support elements when the blade is in contact with the support surfaces of the two support elements, the element forming a pin being an elastic pin.
  • Such an elastic pin is adapted to accept this offset and to exert an elastic thrust towards the rear of the blade to strongly press the bearing surfaces of the latter on the mating bearing surfaces of the two support elements.
  • the cutting tool 1 of the bolt cutter type, comprises a cutting head 2 and an operating assembly 3.
  • the cutting head 2 comprises two blade supports 4,5 which are each pivotally mounted around a respective axis 6,7 carried by a spacer 8 of the tool 1.
  • the blade support 4 located in the upper part of the figure, carries at the free end of its interior edge 9, adjacent to the blade support 5, a removable cutting blade 11 having an interior cutting edge 13.
  • the blade support 5 located in the lower part of the figure, carries at the free end of its inner edge 10, adjacent to the support of blade 4, a removable cutting blade 12 having an inner cutting edge 14 located opposite the inner cutting edge 13 of the cutting blade 11.
  • the cutting tool 1 further comprises means for pivoting the two blade supports 4,5 around their respective pivot axis 6,7 in opposite directions represented by the arrows 15 and 16, so as to bring the one of the other the two cutting edges 13,14 in order to cut a metallic element such as a bolt, not shown.
  • the operating assembly 3 comprises two operating arms 17,18 articulated relative to each other about a common axis 19.
  • the arms 17,18 have a predetermined width as a function of the length required for the lever arm in order to obtain the desired capacity and cutting power.
  • the arm 17 is articulated at 20 at the rear end of the blade support 4.
  • the operating arm 18 is articulated at 21 at the rear end of the blade support 5.
  • the axes 20, 21 are located on the other side of the axis 19 relative to the operating arms 17, 18 at a short distance from the axis 19 in order to obtain such a large lever arm effect. as possible.
  • the axes 19, 20, 21 are shown in the figures in the form of bolts, like the axes 6 and 7, but could have any other known shape.
  • the operating arms 17, 18 each have a respective boss 22, 23 projecting towards the other arm.
  • the bosses 22, 23 are defined in such a way that when they are in contact with each other in the closed position of the cutting tool 1 shown in the figure, the cutting edges 13, 14 of the blades 11, 12 remain separated from each other by a small clearance of the order of 0.5 mm.
  • each blade support 4,5 is made up of two parallel support elements, respectively 4a and 4b, 5a and 5b, integral with one of the another, between which is placed the central spacer 8 carrying the axes of rotation 6 and 7.
  • the two support elements 4a and 4b are thus connected to each other at the level of the axis 6, at the level of the axis 19 and, as will be seen below, at the level of the blade 11. They thus constitute a rigid blade support. Under these conditions, the thickness of each support element 4a, 4b can be significantly reduced compared to the thickness of a single blade support, and thus be limited to a thickness of the order of 6 to 8 mm ( instead of 11 or 12 mm) compatible with a manufacture of these support elements 4a, 4b, by cutting with a press a sheet having said thickness. These support elements 4a, 4b thus have a manufacturing cost much lower than that of a single blade support produced conventionally by forging.
  • each cutting blade 11,12 has on each of its lateral faces 26 a shoulder 28 forming a bearing surface turned towards the rear 30 of the blade and adapted to bear on a surface corresponding conjugate support 31 of each support element 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b.
  • each cutting blade 11, 12 comprises between the two shoulders 28 a central portion 33 extending towards the rear 30 of the blade and adapted to be inserted between the two support elements 4a, 4b or 5a, 5b correspondents.
  • Each cutting blade 11, 12 is fixed to the two support elements 4a, 4b or 5a, 5b corresponding by a pin-forming element 34, passing through two coaxial holes 35, formed respectively in the support elements, and a hole 36 formed in the central rear part 33 of the cutting blade 11,12 (See FIG. 5).
  • the pin member 34 is an elastic pin of any known type commercially available.
  • the pin 34 is for example a pin produced by rolling on itself an elastic sheet, and manufactured for example by the company SPIROL.
  • the pin 34 which rests on the edges of the holes 35, exerts an elastic force towards the rear of each blade and elastically presses the shoulders 28 of each blade on the mating bearing surfaces 31 of the elements of support 4a, 4b or 5a, 5b corresponding. Each blade is thus securely held in the optimal working position.
  • each strip 11,12 has two planes of symmetry, namely the mediating plane perpendicular to the plane of Figure 2 and the mediating plane perpendicular to the plane of Figure 3.
  • Each 11,12 blade is thus shaped so that it can be replaced after being turned 180 °, which is easy given the method of attachment described above for each blade and prolongs the life of it .
  • each blade 11,12 is adapted to be cut with the press from a blank 37 which can itself be cut by cutting from a section 38 having section transverse the shape of the blank 37 of the blade, as shown diagrammatically in FIG. 7.
  • each of the two elements 4a, 4b of the blade support 4 has on its inner edge 9 a protuberance 41 of semicircular convex outer contour and the center 42 of which is located, in the closed position of the tool 1 shown in Figure 1, and in projection on the plane of the figure which is parallel to the surfaces of the support elements 4a, 4b, at the meeting point of the straight line 43 joining the respective pivot axes 6 and 7 of the blade supports 4 , 5 with the mediating plane 43 of said axes 6,7.
  • Each of the support elements 5a, 5b of the other blade support 5 has on its inner edge 10 a concave notch 45 of semi-circular outline having in the closed position of the tool 1 the same center 42 as the convex contour of the protuberance 41, and a radius slightly greater than the radius of said convex contour.
  • each protuberance 41 constitutes with the corresponding notch 45 the equivalent of a rack which facilitates the operation of the cutting tool 1 without in any way interfering with this operation.
  • the cutting tool further comprises two lateral spacers 39, 40, parallel to the central spacer 8, and each support element 4a, 4b is disposed between the central spacer 8 and the corresponding lateral spacer 39.40.
  • a structure of a cutting tool of the bolt cutter type has thus been described and represented, making it possible to produce an inexpensive tool while having the characteristics of resistance and rigidity necessary for reliable operation of this tool.
  • Such a structure can be provided with ordinary quality blades to produce a tool of ordinary quality and of low price.
  • This structure can also be provided with blades made of a much more expensive and much more efficient material, such as tungsten carbide, to constitute an efficient, reliable and durable tool.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
  • Details Of Cutting Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The tool consists of two blade supports which turn about pivots (7) with spacers (8) and are equipped with cutting blades (11,12) on their inner edges. The supports are connected to levers which bring the edges of the blades together to cut through a metal object such as a bolt, and each support consists of two parallel members (4a,b,5a,b) with the spacers between them. Each of the cutting blades is made with shoulders on its side faces which form thrust surfaces to interact with the supports, to which they are fixed by pins (34) inserted through holes (35,36) in the supports and blades. The holes in the blades are offset slightly relative to those in the supports, so that the pins, which are elastic, are held under tension. The supports are cut from sheet metal and the blades are cut from a profile member.

Description

La présente invention concerne un outil de coupe du type coupe-boulon.The present invention relates to a cutting tool of the bolt cutter type.

On connaît de nombreux outils de coupe du type coupe-boulon. De façon connue, un tel outil comporte deux supports de lame qui sont montés chacun de manière pivotante autour d'un axe respectif porté par au moins une entretoise de l'outil, et qui portent chacun à l'extrémité libre de leur bord intérieur une lame de coupe amovible comportant un bord intérieur coupant situé en face du bord intérieur coupant de l'autre lame de coupe, l'outil comportant en outre des moyens pour faire pivoter les deux supports de lame autour de leur axe de pivotement respectif dans des sens opposés de façon rapprocher l'un de l'autre les deux bords coupants afin de couper un élément métallique tel qu'un boulon.Many cutting tools of the bolt cutter type are known. In known manner, such a tool comprises two blade supports which are each pivotally mounted around a respective axis carried by at least one spacer of the tool, and which each carry at the free end of their inner edge a removable cutting blade having an inner cutting edge located opposite the inner cutting edge of the other cutting blade, the tool further comprising means for pivoting the two blade supports about their respective pivot axis in directions opposite so as to bring the two cutting edges together so as to cut a metallic element such as a bolt.

Pour pouvoir supporter les efforts qui sont créés lors d'une coupe, chaque support de lame est réalisé par forgeage, puis est soumis à des traitements thermiques appropriés. Le prix de revient d'un tel support de lame est donc élevé. La lame de coupe amovible peut être en matériau noble et onéreux, par exemple en acier rapide ou en carbure de tungstène. Dans un mode de réalisation connu, la lame a une section sensiblement triangulaire et peut être fixée au support successivement par chacune de ses faces pour permettre l'utilisation du bord coupant opposé à celle-ci. La lame est fixée sur son support par des dispositifs tels que des griffes susceptibles de constituer un point faible de l'outil.To be able to withstand the forces which are created during a cut, each blade support is produced by forging, then is subjected to appropriate heat treatments. The cost price of such a blade support is therefore high. The removable cutting blade can be made of a noble and expensive material, for example high-speed steel or tungsten carbide. In a known embodiment, the blade has a substantially triangular section and can be fixed to the support successively by each of its faces to allow the use of the cutting edge opposite to it. The blade is fixed on its support by devices such as claws which can constitute a weak point of the tool.

Dans un mode de réalisation moins performant et moins onéreux, la lame est d'une seule pièce avec le support de lame qui est réalisé par forgeage, puis trempé. Le bord coupant est par exemple rectifié afin de mieux pénétrer dans le métal à couper et subit une deuxième trempe à moyenne fréquence pour donner à la surface de coupe une dureté très élevée.In a less efficient and less expensive embodiment, the blade is in one piece with the blade support which is produced by forging, then quenched. The cutting edge is for example rectified in order to better penetrate the metal to be cut and undergoes a second quenching at medium frequency to give the cutting surface a very high hardness.

Dans tous les cas, la réalisation du support de lame par forgeage, traitements thermiques divers et trempe est très onéreuse.In all cases, producing the blade support by forging, various heat treatments and quenching is very expensive.

Le but de la présente invention est de remédier aux inconvénients des coupe-boulon connus, et de proposer un outil de coupe du type précité ayant une structure permettant une réalisation et un assemblage particulièrement économiques tout en étant adaptable aussi bien à un outil de qualité moyenne et relativement peu onéreux qu'à un outil performant et fiable plus onéreux que le précédent.The object of the present invention is to remedy the drawbacks of known bolt cutters, and to propose a cutting tool of the aforementioned type having a structure allowing a particularly economical production and assembly while being adaptable both to a tool of average quality and relatively inexpensive than a powerful and reliable tool more expensive than the previous one.

Suivant l'invention, l'outil de coupe du type précité est caractérisé en ce que chaque support de lame est constitué de deux éléments de support parallèles, solidaires l'un de l'autre, entre lesquels est disposée une entretoise centrale portant les axes de rotation.According to the invention, the cutting tool of the aforementioned type is characterized in that each blade support consists of two parallel support elements, integral with one another, between which is disposed a central spacer carrying the axes of rotation.

Du fait de cette structure, chacun des deux éléments de support parallèles ne reçoit sensiblement que la moitié des efforts développés lors d'une coupe. Ces éléments de support peuvent donc avoir une épaisseur limitée compatible avec les capacités d'une presse d'estampage classique. Ces éléments de support peuvent donc être découpés à la presse dans une tôle, ce qui conduit à un prix de revient très inférieur à celui d'une réalisation par forgeage.Because of this structure, each of the two parallel support elements receives substantially only half of the forces developed during a cut. These support elements can therefore have a limited thickness compatible with the capacities of a conventional stamping press. These support elements can therefore be cut with a press from a sheet, which leads to a cost price much lower than that of a production by forging.

Par ailleurs, les tolérances obtenues lors du découpage d'une tôle à la presse par estampage puis poinçonnage réalésage, même si elles sont notablement moins bonnes que celles obtenues par forgeage et usinage, restent compatibles avec les tolérances exigées pour la réalisation d'un outil de coupe.Furthermore, the tolerances obtained during the cutting of a sheet in the press by stamping and then punching and reaming, even if they are notably less good than those obtained by forging and machining, remain compatible with the tolerances required for the production of a tool. cutting.

La structure simple et relativement peu onéreuse ainsi obtenue peut utiliser des lames de diverses qualités ayant des niveaux de prix différents. Cette structure est donc utilisable aussi bien pour des outils de coupe de qualité courante, équipés d'une lame en un matériau relativement peu performant et peu onéreux, qu'avec des lames réalisées en un matériau très performant et relativement onéreux, par exemple en carbure de tungstène, pour des outils performantsThe simple and relatively inexpensive structure thus obtained can use blades of various qualities having different price levels. This structure can therefore be used both for cutting tools of current quality, equipped with a blade made of a relatively ineffective and inexpensive material, as with blades made of a very efficient and relatively expensive material, for example of carbide. of tungsten, for powerful tools

Les deux éléments de support sont guidés pendant leur pivotement par l'entretoise centrale, de sorte que l'outil de coupe suivant l'invention est fiable.The two support elements are guided during their pivoting by the central spacer, so that the cutting tool according to the invention is reliable.

Suivant une version intéressante de l'invention, chaque lame de coupe présente sur chacune de ses faces latérales un épaulement formant surface d'appui tourné vers l'arrière de la lame et adapté à prendre appui sur une surface d'appui conjuguée correspondante de chaque élément de support.According to an interesting version of the invention, each cutting blade has on each of its lateral faces a shoulder forming a bearing surface turned towards the rear of the blade and adapted to bear on a corresponding conjugate bearing surface of each support element.

On obtient ainsi une transmission efficace des efforts de coupe de la lame vers les deux éléments de support.An efficient transmission of the cutting forces from the blade to the two support elements is thus obtained.

Suivant une version avantageuse de l'invention, chaque lame de coupe comporte entre les deux épaulements une partie centrale s'étendant vers l'arrière de la lame et adaptée à s'insérer entre les deux éléments de support correspondants.According to an advantageous version of the invention, each cutting blade comprises between the two shoulders a central part extending towards the rear of the blade and adapted to be inserted between the two corresponding support elements.

Suivant une version préférée de l'invention, chaque lame de coupe est fixée aux deux éléments de support correspondants par un élément formant goupille traversant deux trous coaxiaux ménagés respectivement dans lesdits éléments de support, et un trou ménagé dans la partie arrière centrale de la lame de coupe. Ce trou traversant ladite partie arrière centrale est légèrement décalé vers l'avant de la lame par rapport aux trous coaxiaux traversant respectivement les deux éléments de support lorsque la lame est en appui sur les surfaces d'appui des deux éléments de support, l'élément formant goupille étant une goupille élastique.According to a preferred version of the invention, each cutting blade is fixed to the two corresponding support elements by a pin-forming element passing through two coaxial holes formed respectively in said support elements, and a hole formed in the central rear part of the blade of chopped off. This hole passing through said central rear part is slightly offset towards the front of the blade relative to the coaxial holes passing respectively through the two support elements when the blade is in contact with the support surfaces of the two support elements, the element forming a pin being an elastic pin.

Une telle goupille élastique est adaptée à accepter ce décalage et à exercer une poussée élastique vers l'arrière de la lame pour appuyer fortement les surfaces d'appui de cette dernière sur les surfaces d'appui conjuguées des deux éléments de support.Such an elastic pin is adapted to accept this offset and to exert an elastic thrust towards the rear of the blade to strongly press the bearing surfaces of the latter on the mating bearing surfaces of the two support elements.

D'autres particularités et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront dans la description détaillée ci-après.Other features and advantages of the invention will appear in the detailed description below.

Aux dessins annexés, donnés uniquement à titre d'exemples non limitatifs :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en élévation d'un outil de coupe selon un mode de réalisation de la présente invention ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue agrandie d'un détail de la figure 1 représentant les deux lames de coupe de l'outil ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue de gauche des lames de coupe de la figure 2 ;
  • la figure 4 est une vue de gauche, agrandie, de l'outil de coupe de la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 5 est une vue agrandie en coupe suivant V-V à la figure 1;
  • la figure 6 est une vue agrandie en coupe suivant VI-VI à la figure 1;
  • la figure 7 est une vue schématique en perspective d'un profilé dans lequel on peut découper une lame de coupe de l'outil de la figure 1 ;
  • la figure 8 est une vue partielle semblable à la figure 6 représentant une variante de réalisation de la présente invention.
In the accompanying drawings, given solely by way of nonlimiting examples:
  • Figure 1 is an elevational view of a cutting tool according to an embodiment of the present invention;
  • Figure 2 is an enlarged view of a detail of Figure 1 showing the two cutting blades of the tool;
  • Figure 3 is a left view of the cutting blades of Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is an enlarged left view of the cutting tool of Figure 1;
  • Figure 5 is an enlarged sectional view along VV in Figure 1;
  • Figure 6 is an enlarged sectional view along VI-VI in Figure 1;
  • Figure 7 is a schematic perspective view of a profile in which one can cut a cutting blade of the tool of Figure 1;
  • Figure 8 is a partial view similar to Figure 6 showing an alternative embodiment of the present invention.

Dans la réalisation de la figure 1, l'outil de coupe 1, du type coupe-boulon, comporte une tête de coupe 2 et un ensemble de manoeuvre 3.In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the cutting tool 1, of the bolt cutter type, comprises a cutting head 2 and an operating assembly 3.

La tête de coupe 2 comporte deux supports de lame 4,5 qui sont montés chacun de manière pivotante autour d'un axe respectif 6,7 porté par une entretoise 8 de l'outil 1.The cutting head 2 comprises two blade supports 4,5 which are each pivotally mounted around a respective axis 6,7 carried by a spacer 8 of the tool 1.

Le support de lame 4, situé dans la partie supérieure de la figure, porte à l'extrémité libre de son bord intérieur 9, adjacent au support de lame 5, une lame de coupe amovible 11 présentant un bord intérieur coupant 13.The blade support 4, located in the upper part of the figure, carries at the free end of its interior edge 9, adjacent to the blade support 5, a removable cutting blade 11 having an interior cutting edge 13.

De même, le support de lame 5, situé dans la partie inférieure de la figure, porte à l'extrémité libre de son bord intérieur 10, adjacent au support de lame 4, une lame de coupe amovible 12 présentant un bord intérieur coupant 14 situé en face du bord intérieur coupant 13 de la lame de coupe 11.Similarly, the blade support 5, located in the lower part of the figure, carries at the free end of its inner edge 10, adjacent to the support of blade 4, a removable cutting blade 12 having an inner cutting edge 14 located opposite the inner cutting edge 13 of the cutting blade 11.

L'outil de coupe 1 comporte en outre des moyens pour faire pivoter les deux supports de lame 4,5 autour de leur axe de pivotement respectif 6,7 dans des sens opposés représentés par les flèches 15 et 16, de façon à rapprocher l'un de l'autre les deux bords coupants 13,14 afin de couper un élément métallique tel qu'un boulon, non représenté.The cutting tool 1 further comprises means for pivoting the two blade supports 4,5 around their respective pivot axis 6,7 in opposite directions represented by the arrows 15 and 16, so as to bring the one of the other the two cutting edges 13,14 in order to cut a metallic element such as a bolt, not shown.

De manière classique, l'ensemble de manoeuvre 3 comprend deux bras de manoeuvre 17,18 articulés l'un par rapport à l'autre autour d'un axe commun 19. Les bras 17,18 ont une largeur prédéterminée en fonction de la longueur recherchée pour le bras de levier afin d'obtenir la capacité et la puissance de coupe recherchée.Conventionally, the operating assembly 3 comprises two operating arms 17,18 articulated relative to each other about a common axis 19. The arms 17,18 have a predetermined width as a function of the length required for the lever arm in order to obtain the desired capacity and cutting power.

Le bras 17 est articulé en 20 à l'extrémité arrière du support de lame 4. Le bras de manoeuvre 18 est articulé en 21 à l'extrémité arrière du support de lame 5.The arm 17 is articulated at 20 at the rear end of the blade support 4. The operating arm 18 is articulated at 21 at the rear end of the blade support 5.

De façon connue en soi, les axes 20,21 sont situés de l'autre côté de l'axe 19 par rapport aux bras de manoeuvre 17,18 à faible distance de l'axe 19 pour obtenir un effet de bras de levier aussi grand que possible.In a manner known per se, the axes 20, 21 are located on the other side of the axis 19 relative to the operating arms 17, 18 at a short distance from the axis 19 in order to obtain such a large lever arm effect. as possible.

Les axes 19,20,21 sont représentés aux figures sous la forme de boulons, comme les axes 6 et 7, mais pourraient avoir d'autres formes connues quelconques.The axes 19, 20, 21 are shown in the figures in the form of bolts, like the axes 6 and 7, but could have any other known shape.

Les bras de manoeuvre 17,18 comportent chacun un bossage respectif 22,23 en saillie vers l'autre bras. Les bossages 22,23 sont définis de façon telle que lorsqu'ils sont en contact l'un avec l'autre dans la position fermée de l'outil de coupe 1 représentée à la figure, les bords coupants 13,14 des lames 11,12 restent écartés l'un de l'autre d'un jeu faible de l'ordre de 0,5 mm. Ceci évite toute détérioration des bords coupants 13,14, et ne nuit en rien à l'efficacité de l'outil de coupe 1 dans la mesure où il est connu que, à la fin d'une opération de coupe d'un élément métallique tel qu'un boulon ou un rond à béton, la partie centrale de l'élément à couper n'est pas sectionnée par les bords coupants 13,14 mais cède par rupture brusque par étirement du fait de l'effet de coin provoqué par la pénétration des lames dans la masse de métal.The operating arms 17, 18 each have a respective boss 22, 23 projecting towards the other arm. The bosses 22, 23 are defined in such a way that when they are in contact with each other in the closed position of the cutting tool 1 shown in the figure, the cutting edges 13, 14 of the blades 11, 12 remain separated from each other by a small clearance of the order of 0.5 mm. This avoids any deterioration of the cutting edges 13,14, and does not in any way affect the efficiency of the cutting tool 1 insofar as it is known that, at the end of a cutting operation of a metal element such as a bolt or a concrete ring, the central part of the element to be cut is not cut by the cutting edges 13,14 but gives way by sudden rupture by stretching due to the wedge effect caused by the penetration of the blades into the mass of metal.

De façon classique, lorsqu'on rapproche les deux bras de manoeuvre 17,18 l'un vers l'autre (flèches 24,25), on écarte l'un de l'autre les axes d'articulation 20,21 portés par les extrémités arrière respectives des supports de lames 4,5 qui pivotent à leur tour autour de leur axe respectif 6,7 pour rapprocher les bords coupants 13,14 des lames 11,12.Conventionally, when the two operating arms 17,18 are brought towards one another (arrows 24,25), the hinge pins 20,21 carried by the respective rear ends of the blade supports 4,5 which pivot in turn around their respective axis 6,7 to bring the cutting edges 13,14 closer to the blades 11,12.

Si, au contraire, on écarte l'un de l'autre les bras de manoeuvre 17,18, on écarte l'un de l'autre les bords coupant 13,14.If, on the contrary, the operating arms 17,18 are moved away from one another, the cutting edges 13,14 are moved away from each other.

Suivant l'invention, et comme représenté en détail aux figures 4, 5 et 6, chaque support de lame 4,5 est constitué de deux éléments de support parallèles, respectivement 4a et 4b, 5a et 5b, solidaires l'un de l'autre, entre lesquels est disposée l'entretoise centrale 8 portant les axes de rotation 6 et 7.According to the invention, and as shown in detail in FIGS. 4, 5 and 6, each blade support 4,5 is made up of two parallel support elements, respectively 4a and 4b, 5a and 5b, integral with one of the another, between which is placed the central spacer 8 carrying the axes of rotation 6 and 7.

Les deux éléments de support 4a et 4b sont ainsi reliés l'un à l'autre au niveau de l'axe 6, au niveau de l'axe 19 et, comme on le verra plus loin, au niveau de la lame 11. Ils constituent ainsi un support de lame rigide. Dans ces conditions, l'épaisseur de chaque élément de support 4a, 4b peut être notablement réduite par rapport à l'épaisseur d'un support de lame unique, et être ainsi limitée à une épaisseur de l'ordre de 6 à 8 mm (au lieu de 11 ou 12 mm) compatible avec une fabrication de ces éléments de support 4a, 4b, par découpage à la presse d'une tôle ayant ladite épaisseur. Ces éléments de support 4a, 4b ont ainsi un coût de fabrication très inférieur à celui d'un support de lame unique réalisé de façon classique par forgeage.The two support elements 4a and 4b are thus connected to each other at the level of the axis 6, at the level of the axis 19 and, as will be seen below, at the level of the blade 11. They thus constitute a rigid blade support. Under these conditions, the thickness of each support element 4a, 4b can be significantly reduced compared to the thickness of a single blade support, and thus be limited to a thickness of the order of 6 to 8 mm ( instead of 11 or 12 mm) compatible with a manufacture of these support elements 4a, 4b, by cutting with a press a sheet having said thickness. These support elements 4a, 4b thus have a manufacturing cost much lower than that of a single blade support produced conventionally by forging.

Comme représenté en détail aux figures 2 à 5, chaque lame de coupe 11,12 présente sur chacune de ses faces latérales 26 un épaulement 28 formant surface d'appui tourné vers l'arrière 30 de la lame et adapté à prendre appui sur une surface d'appui conjuguée correspondante 31 de chaque élément de support 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b.As shown in detail in Figures 2 to 5, each cutting blade 11,12 has on each of its lateral faces 26 a shoulder 28 forming a bearing surface turned towards the rear 30 of the blade and adapted to bear on a surface corresponding conjugate support 31 of each support element 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b.

Dans la réalisation représentée chaque lame de coupe 11,12 comporte entre les deux épaulements 28 une partie centrale 33 s'étendant vers l'arrière 30 de la lame et adaptée à s'insérer entre les deux éléments de support 4a, 4b ou 5a, 5b correspondants.In the embodiment shown, each cutting blade 11, 12 comprises between the two shoulders 28 a central portion 33 extending towards the rear 30 of the blade and adapted to be inserted between the two support elements 4a, 4b or 5a, 5b correspondents.

Chaque lame de coupe 11,12 est fixée aux deux éléments de support 4a, 4b ou 5a, 5b correspondants par un élément formant goupille 34, traversant deux trous coaxiaux 35, ménagés respectivement dans les éléments de support, et un trou 36 ménagé dans la partie arrière centrale 33 de la lame de coupe 11,12 (Voir figure 5).Each cutting blade 11, 12 is fixed to the two support elements 4a, 4b or 5a, 5b corresponding by a pin-forming element 34, passing through two coaxial holes 35, formed respectively in the support elements, and a hole 36 formed in the central rear part 33 of the cutting blade 11,12 (See FIG. 5).

Dans la réalisation de la figure 5, le trou 36 ménagé dans la partie arrière centrale 33 de la lame 11,12 est légèrement décalé vers le bord coupant 13,14 à l'avant de la lame par rapport aux trous coaxiaux 35 lorsque la lame 11,12 est en appui sur les surfaces d'appui 31 des deux éléments de support correspondants. En outre, l'élément formant goupille 34 est une goupille élastique d'un type connu quelconque disponible dans le commerce. La goupille 34 est par exemple une goupille réalisée en roulant sur elle-même une tôle élastique, et fabriquée par exemple par la société SPIROL.In the embodiment of FIG. 5, the hole 36 formed in the central rear part 33 of the blade 11.12 is slightly offset towards the cutting edge 13.14 at the front of the blade relative to the coaxial holes 35 when the blade 11,12 is supported on the bearing surfaces 31 of the two support elements correspondents. In addition, the pin member 34 is an elastic pin of any known type commercially available. The pin 34 is for example a pin produced by rolling on itself an elastic sheet, and manufactured for example by the company SPIROL.

Dans ces conditions, la goupille 34, qui s'appuie sur les bords des trous 35, exerce une force élastique vers l'arrière de chaque lame et appuie élastiquement les épaulements 28 de chaque lame sur les surfaces d'appui conjuguées 31 des éléments de support 4a, 4b ou 5a, 5b correspondants. Chaque lame est ainsi solidement maintenue en position de travail optimale.Under these conditions, the pin 34, which rests on the edges of the holes 35, exerts an elastic force towards the rear of each blade and elastically presses the shoulders 28 of each blade on the mating bearing surfaces 31 of the elements of support 4a, 4b or 5a, 5b corresponding. Each blade is thus securely held in the optimal working position.

Dans le mode de réalisation représenté en détail aux figures 2 et 3, chaque lame 11,12 présente deux plans de symétrie, à savoir le plan médiateur perpendiculaire au plan de la figure 2 et le plan médiateur perpendiculaire au plan de la figure 3. Chaque lame 11,12 est ainsi conformée de façon à pouvoir être remise en place après avoir été retournée de 180°, ce qui est facile étant donné le mode de fixation décrit ci-dessus de chaque lame et prolonge la durée de vie de celle-ci.In the embodiment shown in detail in Figures 2 and 3, each strip 11,12 has two planes of symmetry, namely the mediating plane perpendicular to the plane of Figure 2 and the mediating plane perpendicular to the plane of Figure 3. Each 11,12 blade is thus shaped so that it can be replaced after being turned 180 °, which is easy given the method of attachment described above for each blade and prolongs the life of it .

La forme représentée à la figure 2 de la partie arrière centrale 33 de chaque lame 11,12 est adaptée à être découpée à la presse à partir d'une ébauche 37 qui peut être elle-même découpée par tronçonnage dans un profilé 38 ayant en section transversale la forme de l'ébauche 37 de la lame, comme schématisé à la figure 7.The shape shown in Figure 2 of the central rear portion 33 of each blade 11,12 is adapted to be cut with the press from a blank 37 which can itself be cut by cutting from a section 38 having section transverse the shape of the blank 37 of the blade, as shown diagrammatically in FIG. 7.

Cette manière de procéder peut être intéressante dans la mesure où on sait réaliser un profilé 38 de ce genre en acier rapide ou en carbure de tungstène, dans ce dernier cas par compression isostatique à chaud de poudre de carbure. Le profilé obtenu 38 présente des tolérances dimensionnelles qui sont acceptables pour la réalisation d'un outil de coupe du type coupe-boulon.This way of proceeding can be advantageous insofar as it is known to produce a section 38 of this kind in high-speed steel or in tungsten carbide, in the latter case by hot isostatic compression of carbide powder. The profile obtained 38 has dimensional tolerances which are acceptable for producing a cutting tool of the bolt cutter type.

Comme représenté aux figures, chacun des deux éléments 4a, 4b du support de lame 4 présente sur son bord intérieur 9 une protubérance 41 de contour extérieur convexe semi-circulaire et dont le centre 42 est situé, dans la position fermée de l'outil 1 représentée à la figure 1, et en projection sur le plan de la figure qui est parallèle aux surfaces des éléments de support 4a, 4b, au point de rencontre de la droite 43 joignant les axes de pivotement respectifs 6 et 7 des supports de lame 4,5 avec le plan médiateur 43 desdits axes 6,7.As shown in the figures, each of the two elements 4a, 4b of the blade support 4 has on its inner edge 9 a protuberance 41 of semicircular convex outer contour and the center 42 of which is located, in the closed position of the tool 1 shown in Figure 1, and in projection on the plane of the figure which is parallel to the surfaces of the support elements 4a, 4b, at the meeting point of the straight line 43 joining the respective pivot axes 6 and 7 of the blade supports 4 , 5 with the mediating plane 43 of said axes 6,7.

Chacun des éléments de support 5a, 5b de l'autre support de lame 5 présente sur son bord intérieur 10 une échancrure concave 45 de contour semi-circulaire ayant dans la position fermée de l'outil 1 le même centre 42 que le contour convexe de la protubérance 41, et un rayon légèrement supérieur au rayon dudit contour convexe.Each of the support elements 5a, 5b of the other blade support 5 has on its inner edge 10 a concave notch 45 of semi-circular outline having in the closed position of the tool 1 the same center 42 as the convex contour of the protuberance 41, and a radius slightly greater than the radius of said convex contour.

On comprendra que chaque protubérance 41 constitue avec l'échancrure 45 correspondante l'équivalent d'une crémaillère qui facilite la manoeuvre de l'outil de coupe 1 sans aucunement gêner cette manoeuvre.It will be understood that each protuberance 41 constitutes with the corresponding notch 45 the equivalent of a rack which facilitates the operation of the cutting tool 1 without in any way interfering with this operation.

Dans la réalisation de la figure 8, l'outil de coupe comporte en outre deux entretoises latérales 39, 40, parallèles à l'entretoise centrale 8, et chaque élément de support 4a, 4b est disposé entre l'entretoise centrale 8 et l'entretoise latérale 39,40 correspondante.In the embodiment of FIG. 8, the cutting tool further comprises two lateral spacers 39, 40, parallel to the central spacer 8, and each support element 4a, 4b is disposed between the central spacer 8 and the corresponding lateral spacer 39.40.

On a ainsi décrit et représenté une structure d'outil de coupe du type coupe-boulon permettant la réalisation d'un outil peu onéreux tout en présentant les caractéristiques de résistance et de rigidité nécessaires pour un fonctionnement fiable de cet outil. Une telle structure peut être munie de lames de qualité ordinaire pour réaliser un outil de qualité ordinaire et de prix peu élevé. Cette structure peut être également munie de lames en un matériau beaucoup plus onéreux et beaucoup plus performant, tel que le carbure de tungstène, pour constituer un outil performant, fiable et durable.A structure of a cutting tool of the bolt cutter type has thus been described and represented, making it possible to produce an inexpensive tool while having the characteristics of resistance and rigidity necessary for reliable operation of this tool. Such a structure can be provided with ordinary quality blades to produce a tool of ordinary quality and of low price. This structure can also be provided with blades made of a much more expensive and much more efficient material, such as tungsten carbide, to constitute an efficient, reliable and durable tool.

Bien entendu, la présente invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de réalisation que l'on vient de décrire et on peut apporter à ceux-ci de nombreux changements et modifications sans sortir du domaine de l'invention.Of course, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments which have just been described and many modifications and modifications can be made to them without departing from the scope of the invention.

On peut ainsi modifier la forme de la lame 11,12 et celle des moyens d'appui 28 de chaque lame sur les éléments de support.It is thus possible to modify the shape of the blade 11, 12 and that of the support means 28 of each blade on the support elements.

Claims (9)

Outil de coupe (1) du type coupe-boulon comportant deux supports de lame (4,5) qui sont montés chacun de manière pivotante autour d'un axe respectif (6,7) porté par au moins une entretoise (8) de l'outil (1), et qui portent chacun à l'extrémité libre de leur bord intérieur (9,10) une lame de coupe (11,12) amovible présentant un bord intérieur coupant (13,14) situé en face du bord intérieur coupant (14,13) de l'autre lame de coupe (12,11), l'outil (1) comportant en outre des moyens pour faire pivoter les deux supports de lame (4,5) autour de leur axe de pivotement respectif (6,7) dans des sens opposés (15,16) de façon à rapprocher l'un de l'autre les deux bords coupants (13,14) afin de couper un élément métallique tel qu'un boulon, caractérisé en ce que chaque support de lame (4,5) est constitué de deux éléments de support (4a, 4b ; 5a, 5b) parallèles solidaires l'un de l'autre entre lesquels est disposée une entretoise centrale (8) portant les axes de rotation (6,7).Cutting tool (1) of the bolt cutter type comprising two blade supports (4,5) which are each pivotally mounted around a respective axis (6,7) carried by at least one spacer (8) of the 'tool (1), and which each carry at the free end of their inner edge (9,10) a removable cutting blade (11,12) having an inner cutting edge (13,14) located opposite the inner edge cutting (14,13) from the other cutting blade (12,11), the tool (1) further comprising means for pivoting the two blade supports (4,5) around their respective pivot axis (6,7) in opposite directions (15,16) so as to bring the two cutting edges (13,14) closer to each other in order to cut a metallic element such as a bolt, characterized in that each blade support (4,5) consists of two support elements (4a, 4b; 5a, 5b) parallel integral with each other between which is disposed a central spacer (8) carrying the axes of rotation ( 6.7). Outil selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte en outre deux entretoises latérales (39,40) parallèles à l'entretoise centrale (8), chaque élément de support (4a,4b ; 5a,5b) étant disposé entre l'entretoise centrale (8) et l'entretoise latérale (39,40) correspondante.Tool according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises two lateral spacers (39,40) parallel to the central spacer (8), each support element (4a, 4b; 5a, 5b) being disposed between the 'central spacer (8) and the corresponding lateral spacer (39.40). Outil selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que chaque lame de coupe (11,12) présente sur chacune de ses faces latérales (26) un épaulement (28) formant surface d'appui tourné vers l'arrière (30) de la lame (11,12) et adapté à prendre appui sur une surface d'appui conjuguée (31) correspondante de chaque élément de support (4a,4b ; 5a,5b).Tool according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each cutting blade (11,12) has on each of its lateral faces (26) a shoulder (28) forming a rear-facing support surface (30) of the blade (11,12) and adapted to bear on a mating support surface (31) corresponding to each support element (4a, 4b; 5a, 5b). Outil selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que chaque lame de coupe (11,12) comporte entre les deux épaulements (28) une partie centrale (33) s'étendant vers l'arrière (30) de la lame (11,12) et adaptée à s'insérer entre les deux éléments de support (4a,4b ; 5a,5b) correspondants.Tool according to claim 3, characterized in that each cutting blade (11,12) comprises between the two shoulders (28) a central part (33) extending towards the rear (30) of the blade (11,12 ) and adapted to fit between the two corresponding support elements (4a, 4b; 5a, 5b). Outil selon la revendication 4, chaque lame de coupe (11,12) étant fixée aux deux éléments de support correspondants (4a,4b ; 5a,5b) par un élément formant goupille (34) traversant deux trous (35) coaxiaux ménagés respectivement dans lesdits éléments de support et un trou (36) ménagé dans la partie arrière centrale (33) de la lame de coupe (11,12), caractérisé en ce que le trou (36) traversant ladite partie arrière centrale (33) est légèrement décalé vers l'avant de la lame (11,12) par rapport aux trous coaxiaux (35) traversant respectivement les deux éléments de support (4a,4b ; 5a,5b) lorsque la lame (11,12) est en appui par ses épaulements (28) sur les surfaces d'appui (31) des deux éléments de support (4a,4b ; 5a,5b), et en ce que l'élément formant goupille (34) est une goupille élastique.Tool according to claim 4, each cutting blade (11,12) being fixed to the two corresponding support elements (4a, 4b; 5a, 5b) by a pin-forming element (34) passing through two coaxial holes (35) formed respectively in said support elements and a hole (36) formed in the central rear part (33) of the cutting blade (11,12), characterized in that the hole (36) passing through said central rear part (33) is slightly offset towards the front of the blade (11,12) relative to the coaxial holes (35) passing respectively through the two support elements (4a, 4b; 5a, 5b) when the blade (11,12) is supported by its shoulders ( 28) on the bearing surfaces (31) of the two support elements (4a, 4b; 5a, 5b), and in that the pin-forming element (34) is an elastic pin. Outil selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que chacun des deux éléments de support (4a,4b) d'un support de lame (4) présente sur son bord intérieur (9) une protubérance (41) de contour extérieur convexe semi-circulaire dont le centre (42) est situé, dans la position fermée de l'outil, et en projection sur un plan parallèle aux surfaces desdits éléments de support (4a,4b), au point de rencontre de la droite (43) joignant les axes de pivotement respectifs (6,7) desdits supports (4,5) avec le plan médiateur (44) desdits axes (6,7), et en ce que chacun des éléments de support (5a,5b) de l'autre support de lame (5) présente sur son bord intérieur (10) une échancrure (45) concave de contour semi-circulaire ayant dans la position fermée de l'outil le même centre (42) que le contour convexe (41) et un rayon légèrement supérieur au rayon dudit contour convexe (41).Tool according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that each of the two support elements (4a, 4b) of a blade support (4) has on its inner edge (9) a protuberance (41) of outline semicircular convex exterior whose center (42) is located, in the closed position of the tool, and in projection on a plane parallel to the surfaces of said support elements (4a, 4b), at the meeting point of the straight line ( 43) joining the respective pivot axes (6,7) of said supports (4,5) with the mediating plane (44) of said axes (6,7), and in that each of the support elements (5a, 5b) of the other blade support (5) has on its inner edge (10) a concave notch (45) of semi-circular contour having in the closed position of the tool the same center (42) as the convex contour (41) and a radius slightly greater than the radius of said convex contour (41). Outil selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que chaque lame (11,12) est conformée de façon à pouvoir être remise en place après avoir été retournée à 180°.Tool according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that each blade (11,12) is shaped so that it can be replaced after being turned 180 °. Outil selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que chaque élément de support (4a,4b ; 5a,5b) est découpé dans une tôle.Tool according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that each support element (4a, 4b; 5a, 5b) is cut from a sheet. Outil selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que chaque lame de coupe (11,12) est découpée dans un profilé (38) ayant en section transversale la forme de ladite lame.Tool according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that each cutting blade (11,12) is cut from a profile (38) having in cross section the shape of said blade.
EP97400206A 1996-03-01 1997-01-29 Cutting tool of the bolt cutter type Withdrawn EP0792722A1 (en)

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FR9602631 1996-03-01
FR9602631A FR2745514B1 (en) 1996-03-01 1996-03-01 BOLT CUTTER TYPE CUTTING TOOL

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1101576A1 (en) * 1999-11-19 2001-05-23 Sam Outillage Bolt cutter and method for making the same
FR2801235A1 (en) * 1999-11-19 2001-05-25 Sam Outil BOLT CUTTER AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREOF

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2745514B1 (en) 1998-05-15
US5898998A (en) 1999-05-04
FR2745514A1 (en) 1997-09-05

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