EP0791938A1 - Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Herstellen von isolierten elektrischen Kabeln mit dünner Beschichtung - Google Patents

Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Herstellen von isolierten elektrischen Kabeln mit dünner Beschichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0791938A1
EP0791938A1 EP97400370A EP97400370A EP0791938A1 EP 0791938 A1 EP0791938 A1 EP 0791938A1 EP 97400370 A EP97400370 A EP 97400370A EP 97400370 A EP97400370 A EP 97400370A EP 0791938 A1 EP0791938 A1 EP 0791938A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coating
extrusion
zone
support
cable
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP97400370A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Christine Dos Santos Ferreira
Janny Verdier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fileca-Foptica
Original Assignee
Fileca-Foptica
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fileca-Foptica filed Critical Fileca-Foptica
Publication of EP0791938A1 publication Critical patent/EP0791938A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/06—Insulating conductors or cables
    • H01B13/14—Insulating conductors or cables by extrusion
    • H01B13/143—Insulating conductors or cables by extrusion with a special opening of the extrusion head
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/06—Insulating conductors or cables
    • H01B13/14—Insulating conductors or cables by extrusion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/06—Insulating conductors or cables
    • H01B13/14—Insulating conductors or cables by extrusion
    • H01B13/141—Insulating conductors or cables by extrusion of two or more insulating layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/06—Insulating conductors or cables
    • H01B13/14—Insulating conductors or cables by extrusion
    • H01B13/146—Controlling the extrusion apparatus dependent on the capacitance or the thickness of the insulating material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for manufacturing insulated electric cables with a thin coating, comprising insulating a conductive core with an insulating jacket and depositing a thin coating.
  • a thin coating is called a coating having a thickness of at least less than 100 ⁇ m.
  • the invention also relates to an installation for implementing such a method.
  • cables are more especially used in the aeronautical field where the requirements of quality, stability are important and must be obtained with a minimum weight.
  • the coating layers must have good adhesion to the insulating envelope.
  • the method relates to the application of a coating on wiring wires, elements and sheaths of multi-conductor electric cables which can be marked or not, for example by a method using a laser.
  • This coating is generally a fluoropolymer resin of chemical family ETFE, (copolymer of Ethylene and TetraFluoroEthylene), FEP (copolymer of TetraFluoroEthylene and hexafluoroPropylene), PFA (polymer with basic structure Carbon-Fluorine with side chains PerFluorAlcoxy).
  • ETFE copolymer of Ethylene and TetraFluoroEthylene
  • FEP copolymer of TetraFluoroEthylene and hexafluoroPropylene
  • PFA polymer with basic structure Carbon-Fluorine with side chains PerFluorAlcoxy
  • a wiring wire can be obtained by wrapping a conductive core, it then forms a tape support.
  • tape support is either of the polytetrafluoroethylene family or of the family of coated polyimides. All tapes are sealed by heat treatment.
  • Materials such as (copper, copper alloys, copper steels, aluminum and aluminum alloys) can be used for the production of cores and shields. These different metals can be protected by tinning, silver plating or nickel plating.
  • the dimensions of the supports used according to the invention concerning wiring wires and elements are preferably defined by the AWG standard (American Wire Gage) of minimum diameter equal to 0.70 mm and maximum equal to 2 mm.
  • Document JP-A-01.065.729 deals with the production of an insulated electric wire coated with a thin insulating layer of resin by extrusion.
  • the thin layer is made of tetrafluoroethylene resin and has a thickness of up to 100 ⁇ m.
  • the document FR-A-2,357,042 relates to a process for manufacturing an insulated electric wire and an installation for the implementation of this process.
  • insulation material is discharged in fusion in an extrusion tool through which the wire passes and is compressed on the wire by this tool.
  • the insulation thickness obtained reaches 20 to 50 ⁇ m.
  • Document DD-A-293.911 describes the production of thin layers of polymer on the surface of insulating sleeves, by double extrusion.
  • the document GB-A-2,221,080 relates to a process for manufacturing a cable, in particular an electric cable.
  • the cable is coated with two concentric layers of polymer material, these coatings can be produced by coextrusion.
  • Document JP-A-06.099.470 relates to the production of an insulated wire and its coating with a thin insulating layer by extrusion.
  • JP-A-58.100.318 describes a method of coating a conductor with a thin insulating layer by extrusion.
  • Document JP-A-03.297.011 relates to obtaining an insulated electrical wire for which an extrusion of a thin insulating layer is carried out.
  • the document FR-A-2,492,529 relates to the manufacture of extruded products, in particular sheaths of electric cables. It discloses the deposition on the core of the cable of several protective layers, including at least one insulating layer, by extrusion.
  • the object of the invention is to considerably improve the productivity of cables comprising thin coatings, preferably of thickness 50 ⁇ m maximum for two layers or 35 ⁇ m maximum for one layer.
  • the invention therefore relates to a method for manufacturing insulated electric cables with a thin coating deposited on a support, in which the coating is deposited by extrusion around the support and the coating is made of fluoropolymer resin.
  • At least one fluoropolymer resin is introduced successively into a feed zone, a compression zone and a plasticization zone of at least one extrusion screw respectively to form the thin coating.
  • the method of the invention allows a very thin coating of fluoropolymer resin, for example from the chemical family ETFE, FEP or PFA, to be produced on a ribbon cable, using extrusion technology.
  • the method according to the invention has advantages in particular a constant and concentric thickness of the coating on the cable and a reduced cost due to the increase in productivity.
  • the method according to the invention makes it possible to obtain a cable meeting the quality requirements of aeronautical products.
  • the coating extruded on the ribbon cable has great resistance to temperature aging and attack from the outside. Finally, the marking of the coated cable remains legible and the exterior color is not altered.
  • Flaming, preheating in a hot environment, ionization, induction preheating can be implemented.
  • Flaming consists of passing the support through a flame just before extrusion to prepare it. Preheating advantageously consists in leaving the cable for a certain time in a warm atmosphere.
  • the marking of the cables is carried out by wheel, by ink jet, according to the diameter or the geometry of said cable.
  • the invention also relates to an installation for manufacturing insulated electric cables with a thin coating comprising an extruder which comprises an extrusion head and an extrusion screw.
  • the coating consisting of fluoropolymer resin, the extrusion screw has successively a feeding zone, a compression zone and a plasticization zone.
  • the extrusion head is made of anti-corrosion material.
  • the extruder is equipped with an extrusion screw, an extruder sheath and head tools which are also made of anti-corrosion material.
  • the installation of the coating advantageously comprises an extrusion head fed by two extrusion screws orthogonal to the extrusion head.
  • the extrusion screws are therefore orthogonal to the plane of travel of the support. It is thus possible to produce two-layer coatings.
  • the extrusion head consists of two superimposed coaxial rockets.
  • these rockets then have flow channels avoiding shearing phenomena of sensitive material in fluoropolymer resins, mainly with low flow rates which are suitable for thin coatings.
  • the depth of the threads in the plasticization zone of the extrusion screw is less than the depth of the threads in the feed zone.
  • the depth of the threads combined with the respective lengths of the three zones (feed, compression, plasticization), generates low flow rates not subject to a shearing phenomenon.
  • Figure 1A shows a cable such as those obtained by the method and installation of the invention whose coating is two-layer.
  • Figure 1B shows a cable such as those obtained by the method and installation of the invention whose coating is single-layer.
  • Figure 1C shows a multicore cable.
  • Figure 2 shows a longitudinal view of the coating manufacturing machine.
  • Figure 3A shows a front view of the co-extrusion head and the two screws.
  • Figure 3B shows a top view of Figure 3A.
  • Figure 4A shows a front view of the extrusion head and the screw.
  • Figure 4B shows a top view of Figure 4A.
  • Figure 5 shows the diagram of the extrusion head.
  • Figure 6 shows the extrusion screw in a longitudinal view.
  • the cable manufactured according to the invention is shown in Figures 1A and 1B. It comprises a conductive core 60, contained in an insulating envelope 1a. This envelope 1a constituting the support 1 is covered with a single-layer coating 40 or two-layer 17, 18.
  • Figure 1C illustrates two supports 1 coated respectively with their coatings 17, 18.
  • the assembly comprising the two cables is surrounded successively from inside to outside, by a shield 64, a sheath constituting the support 61 and a bi-layer coating 62, 63 in fluoropolymer.
  • Figure 2 illustrates the installation of the coating manufacturing process 17, 18 on the insulated cable 1.
  • the insulated cable 1 at the outlet of the reel 3 is cleaned using a brushing and a blowing to detach dust or other glued foreign elements.
  • the surface of the insulated core 1 is prepared either by flame treatment, by ionization or by preheating to allow good attachment of the coating to said insulated core 1.
  • the device with vacuum pump 6 can optionally be used to obtain better adhesion of the coating 17, 18 on the insulated cable 1.
  • the extruder 7 makes it possible, from granules, to form and then deposit the coating 17, 18 on the insulated cable 1. It is advantageously equipped upstream with a heating hopper for drying the resin.
  • the processing device 5 of the cable 1 can also operate by flaming. In this configuration, the cable travels through a gas ramp placed in front of the extrusion device.
  • the coated cable 2a, 2b undergoes post-baking 8 to promote the sealing of the coating layer or layers 17, 18.
  • the coated support 17, 18 is cooled in a water tank 9 or in air (the water can be brought up to temperature).
  • a heat source contains thermoregulated heating elements for post-baking the layers.
  • the means used can be hot air, soaking in a mineral salt bath or both.
  • the cooling tank 9 of the coated cable 2a, 2b is disposed after the post-curing device 8.
  • the cooling takes place in air or in water.
  • the marking 10 is carried out by an ink jet, by a wheel.
  • the final geometric control 11 of the coated cables 2a, 2b makes it possible to check the diameter and to detect any faults.
  • the marking unit 10 of the coated cable 2 is placed in line downstream of the extruder 7. This operation can nevertheless be carried out later in a recovery operation.
  • control station 11 makes it possible to control the geometry of the extruded layers 40, 17-18 on the support 1, and any defects.
  • the dielectric control during the production of the cable is done by running in a high voltage dry test unit.
  • It also includes an optical type diameter reader with reading along two perpendicular axes which permanently displays the average and the value of the two diameters read on a processor unit.
  • FIGS 3A and 3B illustrate an extruder 7a used in the installation of the invention to obtain a two-layer coating. It comprises a co-extrusion head 13a with on its left a first extrusion screw 14 and on its right a second extrusion screw 15.
  • the two screws 14, 15 are mounted opposite and orthogonal to the head of co-extrusion 13a, the tape support 1, to be coated passes through the head 13a and comes out coated with the layers 17, 18.
  • Each screw 14, 15 rotates in a sheath 37 consisting of four thermoregulated zones 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d individually.
  • the granules enter the feed zone of the two screws at the end 39, 40 and penetrate in plastic form in the extrusion head 13a where the two layers 17, 18 of the coating are formed.
  • Figures 4A and 4B illustrate an extruder 7b used in the installation of the invention to obtain a single-layer coating 40. It comprises an extrusion head 13b with only one extrusion screw 14; said head 13b is mounted "square" with respect to the extrusion screw 14.
  • the support to be coated 1 passes through the head 13b and leaves coated with a layer 40.
  • the screw 14 rotates in the sheath 37 consisting of four zones 16a, 16b, 16c, 16d individually thermoregulated.
  • the granules enter the feed zone of the screw 14 through its end 41, and penetrate in plastic form into the extrusion head 13b where the layer 40 of the coating is formed.
  • FIG. 5 more particularly illustrates the extrusion head 13a.
  • the two screws 14, 15 are mounted opposite and orthogonal to the head 13a.
  • the insulated cable 1 enters on the left in the head 13a in the direction of advance 19, it comes out to the right with its two very thin coatings 17, 18.
  • the head 13a comprises: a die 23, a punch 24, an internal rocket 25 receiving the molten material intended to form the internal layer 17 of the coating, an external rocket 26, coaxial and superimposed on the internal rocket 25 receiving the molten material intended for forming the outer layer 18 of the coating, a die holder 50 and a die nut 28.
  • the screws 14, 15 have threads 35 arranged on their core 34.
  • the extrusion head 13a is made of anti-corrosion and anti-seize material.
  • This head 13a consists of an inner rocket 25 and an outer rocket 26. These two rockets 25, 26 are coaxial superimposed.
  • the angle head for fluorine material extrusion is designed to receive boring dies less than about 15 mm; adapted to the rules of fluoropolymers.
  • the tools can be of the "tubing or stuffing" type.
  • the dimensional compensation of the head is carried out by punch holder and die holder as appropriate.
  • the concentricity tolerance in the aligned organs 26, 25, 24, 23, 50, 13a is less than or equal to 0.10 mm.
  • the punch 24 and the die 23 are equipped with a temperature self-regulation system.
  • the head 13a is equipped with pressure probes which make it possible to know in real time the uniformity of the pressure in the tools.
  • Two adapters 36a, 36b are disposed respectively between the screws 14, 15 and the extrusion head 13a.
  • the screw 14 and its adapter 36a are inserted into a sheath 37a.
  • the screw 15 and its adapter 36b are inserted into a sheath 37b.
  • the plasticized material 33 formed in the screw 14 enters the head 13a through the first inlet 29.
  • the material plasticized 51 formed in the screw 15 enters the head 13a through the second inlet 30.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates the process of forming the two layers 17, 18 of the coating on the insulated cable 1 through the head 13a.
  • the dried granules thanks to the rotation of the screws 14, 15 and to the effect of the heating of the sleeves 37a, 37b are kneaded and plasticized to obtain a molten material flowing through the two cones 21, 22 of the head 13a.
  • the traction of the cable 2b in the direction 19 makes it possible to deposit the two layers 17, 18.
  • the two layers of superimposed molten materials flow between the punch 24 and the die 23.
  • the thicknesses of material deposited on the cable depend on a part of the space between the die and the punch and secondly the cable pulling speed.
  • the material 33 is plasticized between the sleeves 37a, 37b, the cores 34 and the threads 35 of the screws 14, 15.
  • the adapters 36a, 36b allow good regulation of the flow of the plasticized material 33.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates an extrusion screw 14, 15 comprising threads 35 with pitch P on a core 34.
  • the screw 14, 15 is of the three-zone type (A: supply, C: compression, PL: plasticization).
  • the coating may consist for example of a layer of PFA and a layer of FEP or of two layers of identical chemical nature.
  • a long feeding area provides residence time and a heat transfer surface large enough for material to melt.
  • the depth of the thread makes it possible to transport the resin in a uniform manner, while leaving a sufficient diameter for the core, so that the screw retains all its rigidity.
  • the transition zone makes the link between the feeding zone and the plasticization zone. Transition and compression are faster than feeding.
  • a transition length of approximately five times the diameter of the screw will be used.
  • the plasticizing zone acts like a pump of melted material, and creates the pressure which will push the melted material through the head and the die.
  • the thread depth of this area determines the flow characteristics of the screw. Deep threads provide greater volumetric flow rates, however, the thread depth in the plasticizing area must be less than that of the feeding area to achieve compression.
  • the difficulty in defining the screws used in the invention lies in the low flow rates achieved. Indeed: if the extrusion speed of this invention increases the mass deposited in a given time, the thicknesses of 35 ⁇ m and 50 ⁇ m only give very low coating weights per kilometer of cable.
  • fluoropolymer resins do not absorb moisture. However, water can condense on the surface of the granules.
  • the use of a simple and efficient heating means allows the resin to dry before the molten material is formed at the start of the process.
  • a vacuum can be created around the cable in the existing volume.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
EP97400370A 1996-02-23 1997-02-19 Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Herstellen von isolierten elektrischen Kabeln mit dünner Beschichtung Withdrawn EP0791938A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9602273 1996-02-23
FR9602273A FR2745417B1 (fr) 1996-02-23 1996-02-23 Procede et installation de fabrication de cables electriques isoles a revetement mince

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0791938A1 true EP0791938A1 (de) 1997-08-27

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EP97400370A Withdrawn EP0791938A1 (de) 1996-02-23 1997-02-19 Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Herstellen von isolierten elektrischen Kabeln mit dünner Beschichtung

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EP (1) EP0791938A1 (de)
CA (1) CA2198200A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2745417B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3058224A1 (de) * 2013-10-16 2016-08-24 GEA Refrigeration Germany GmbH Verdichter

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2357042A1 (fr) 1976-07-01 1978-01-27 Maillefer Sa Procede et installation pour la fabrication d'un fil electrique isole du genre fil emaille
FR2492529A1 (fr) 1980-10-17 1982-04-23 Emhart Ind Dispositif sensible destine a un appareil de detection d'une substance sur la surface d'un liquide
FR2492729A1 (fr) * 1980-10-27 1982-04-30 Telecommunications Sa Procede de double extrusion notamment pour la fabrication de gaines de cables electriques et le dispositif de mise en oeuvre
JPS58100318A (ja) 1981-12-07 1983-06-15 住友電気工業株式会社 マグネツトワイヤ−の製造法
JPS6465729A (en) 1987-09-03 1989-03-13 Mitsubishi Cable Ind Ltd Manufacture of fluorine-contained resin insulated wire
GB2221080A (en) 1988-07-13 1990-01-24 Ici Australia Operations Electric or optical cable
DD293911A5 (de) 1990-04-20 1991-09-12 Veb Kabelwerk Meissen,De Vorrichtung zur zweifachextrusion von duennen plastschichten
JPH03297011A (ja) 1990-04-16 1991-12-27 Hitachi Cable Ltd 薄肉絶縁電線
JPH0699470A (ja) 1992-09-22 1994-04-12 Hitachi Cable Ltd 超高分子量ポリエチレンの成形方法及び薄肉絶縁電線の製造方法

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2357042A1 (fr) 1976-07-01 1978-01-27 Maillefer Sa Procede et installation pour la fabrication d'un fil electrique isole du genre fil emaille
FR2492529A1 (fr) 1980-10-17 1982-04-23 Emhart Ind Dispositif sensible destine a un appareil de detection d'une substance sur la surface d'un liquide
FR2492729A1 (fr) * 1980-10-27 1982-04-30 Telecommunications Sa Procede de double extrusion notamment pour la fabrication de gaines de cables electriques et le dispositif de mise en oeuvre
JPS58100318A (ja) 1981-12-07 1983-06-15 住友電気工業株式会社 マグネツトワイヤ−の製造法
JPS6465729A (en) 1987-09-03 1989-03-13 Mitsubishi Cable Ind Ltd Manufacture of fluorine-contained resin insulated wire
GB2221080A (en) 1988-07-13 1990-01-24 Ici Australia Operations Electric or optical cable
JPH03297011A (ja) 1990-04-16 1991-12-27 Hitachi Cable Ltd 薄肉絶縁電線
DD293911A5 (de) 1990-04-20 1991-09-12 Veb Kabelwerk Meissen,De Vorrichtung zur zweifachextrusion von duennen plastschichten
JPH0699470A (ja) 1992-09-22 1994-04-12 Hitachi Cable Ltd 超高分子量ポリエチレンの成形方法及び薄肉絶縁電線の製造方法

Non-Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 8330, Derwent World Patents Index; Class A32, AN 83-718992, XP002016708 *
DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 8916, Derwent World Patents Index; Class A85, AN 89-119140, XP002016706 *
DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 9207, Derwent World Patents Index; Class A32, AN 92-049854, XP002016705 *
DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 9419, Derwent World Patents Index; Class A17, AN 94-156258, XP002016707 *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 016, no. 138 (E - 1186) 7 April 1992 (1992-04-07) *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3058224A1 (de) * 2013-10-16 2016-08-24 GEA Refrigeration Germany GmbH Verdichter
EP3058224B1 (de) * 2013-10-16 2022-04-27 GEA Refrigeration Germany GmbH Verdichter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2198200A1 (fr) 1997-08-24
FR2745417A1 (fr) 1997-08-29
FR2745417B1 (fr) 1998-05-15

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