EP0791729B1 - Brennkraftmaschine für Fahrzeuge und Steuerungsverfahren - Google Patents

Brennkraftmaschine für Fahrzeuge und Steuerungsverfahren Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0791729B1
EP0791729B1 EP96112814A EP96112814A EP0791729B1 EP 0791729 B1 EP0791729 B1 EP 0791729B1 EP 96112814 A EP96112814 A EP 96112814A EP 96112814 A EP96112814 A EP 96112814A EP 0791729 B1 EP0791729 B1 EP 0791729B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
exhaust valve
cylinders
valves
dead centre
braking device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96112814A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0791729A1 (de
Inventor
Francesco Cuniberti
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Iveco SpA
Original Assignee
Iveco Fiat SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Iveco Fiat SpA filed Critical Iveco Fiat SpA
Publication of EP0791729A1 publication Critical patent/EP0791729A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0791729B1 publication Critical patent/EP0791729B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/06—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for braking
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/10—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat engine for a vehicle, in particular a commercial vehicle, and to a method of controlling the engine itself.
  • Engines provided with a decompression braking device are known, which device is adapted to discharge from the cylinders the gas compressed during the compression stroke and, at the same time, to prevent the injection of fuel into the cylinders. In this way, the work carried out during the compression stroke is converted into braking torque on the drive shaft and substantially no useful work is produced during the subsequent expansion stroke.
  • the discharge of the gas compressed at the end of the compression stroke can take place either through the conventional exhaust valves, as described for example in European Patent Application EP-A-0 543 210, in which case the device comprises means for the auxiliary opening of said valves, or through dedicated valves, as described for example in Italian Patent Application No. T092A 000974 of 30th November 1992.
  • DE-C-577 588 discloses a heat engine having means for varying the timing from a four stroke conventional cycle into a two stroke compressor cycle, in order to improve engine braking power.
  • the object of the present invention is to devise an engine for a vehicle provided with an improved decompression braking device which makes it possible to obtain greater braking torque than in the above-described known engines.
  • the reference numeral 1 generally denotes a heat engine 1 for a commercial vehicle.
  • the engine 1 comprises a plurality of cylinders 2, each of which is provided with a pair of inlet valves 3 communicating with an inlet manifold 3a and a pair of main exhaust valves 4 communicating with an exhaust manifold 4a.
  • the engine 1 is also provided with a decompression braking device 5 illustrate schematically in Figure 2.
  • Said device substantially comprises one auxiliary exhaust valve 6 per cylinder, which valve communicates with a bleed manifold 7 for compressed air, which is connected in known manner, for example as illustrated in Italian Patent Application No. TO92A 000974, to a pneumatic installation of the vehicle (not shown).
  • valves 3, 4 and 6 are of the so-called active type and are operated by an electronic control unit 8.
  • each of the valves 3, 4 and 6 is associated with a double-acting hydraulic actuator 9 having a piston 10 rigidly connected to a stem 11 of the respective valve.
  • the actuator 9 is controlled by a respective servo-valve 14, for example of four-way, three-position, closed centre type, which is adapted to connect selectively the chambers of the actuator itself with a delivery duct 15 and with a return duct 16 of a hydraulic unit 17.
  • the control unit 8 is connected to each of the servo-valves 14 and generates control signals designated s1, s2 and s3 respectively for the valves 3, 4 and 6 of the engine 1.
  • the actuators 9 are provided with respective position sensors 12 which are connected to the control unit 8 and transmit signals s4 correlated with the position of the respective valves.
  • the unit 8 also receives, in known manner, a plurality of further input signals correlated with operative variables of the engine and of the vehicle, which include an input signal s5 for identifying the timing of the cylinders, and a signal s6 for activating engine braking, which is generated for example by a potentiometer (not shown) connected to the brake pedal of the vehicle (also not shown).
  • control unit 8 is connected to the injectors 15 of the engine 1 and is adapted to generate signals s7 for controlling the injectors themselves.
  • the control unit 8 is adapted to control the valves 3, 4 and 6 in accordance with a first four-stroke timing sequence of normal type, when the signal s6 is inactive (i.e. the brake pedal is released).
  • This first sequence is illustrated in the diagram a) in Figure 3, with reference to a given cylinder, as a function of the angle of rotation of the drive shaft; the angular intervals at which the valves are opened are indicated by a thickened line.
  • the inlet valve is opened in advance with respect to the top dead centre preceding the induction stroke, is held open during the entire stroke itself and reclosed after the bottom dead centre (bdc).
  • the exhaust valve is opened in advance with respect to the bottom dead centre preceding the exhaust stroke, is held open during the entire stroke itself and reclosed with delay after the subsequent top dead centre (tdc).
  • the injectors are controlled in a conventional manner in accordance with control maps stored in the control unit 8, on the basis of input signals received from the unit itself.
  • control unit 8 controls the valves 3, 4 and 6 in accordance with a different timing sequence which is illustrated graphically in Figure 3, diagram b).
  • the main exhaust valves 4 are held closed; the inlet valves 3 are opened for a short time around each bottom dead centre and the auxiliary valves 6 are opened for a short time around each top dead centre in accordance with a two-stroke cycle. Additionally, the unit 8 prevents the injection of fuel into the cylinders 2.
  • the engine 1 acts as a two-stroke compressor.
  • air is drawn from the inlet manifold 3a through the inlet valves 3; the air drawn in is compressed during the subsequent upstroke of the piston and is expelled into the bleed manifold 7 through the auxiliary valves 6 in the vicinity of the top dead centre.
  • FIG. 3 diagram c), illustrates an alternative timing sequence to that in the above-mentioned diagram b).
  • the behaviour of the inlet valves 3 and outlet valves 4 is substantially identical.
  • the control unit 8 effects their opening both in the vicinity of each top dead centre and after each bottom dead centre, according to a cycle which can be termed "single-stroke", thus increasing the braking power.
  • the subsequent opening of the auxiliary valves 6, which commences in the final phase of the opening period of the inlet valves 3, has the purpose of improving the filling of the cylinder, thus allowing the admission of compressed air from the bleed manifold which is at a higher pressure than the inlet manifold. This has the result that the initial compression pressure is higher and, therefore, the compression work and thus the braking torque are increased.
  • the actuators for controlling the valves may be of single-acting type, with spring return; alternatively, the engine can be provided with a timing system of mechanical type, with a suitably designed camshaft and hydraulically acting tappets interposed between the cams and the associated valves and designed to transmit or absorb selectively the actuating forces of the valves; the variation of the timing sequence may be achieved by cyclically switching respective solenoid valves for controlling hydraulic tappets by means of an electronic control unit.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
  • Control Of Vehicle Engines Or Engines For Specific Uses (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Ignition Timing (AREA)
  • Control Of Throttle Valves Provided In The Intake System Or In The Exhaust System (AREA)

Claims (2)

  1. Brennkraftmaschine (1) für ein Fahrzeug, umfassend:
    eine Vielzahl von Zylindern (2), von denen jeder mit zumindest einem Einlassventil (3) und mindestens einem Auslassventil (4, 6) versehen ist;
    Steuermittel (8) für die Ventile (3, 4, 6), die eine erste Viertaktzeitgebungssequenz errichten;
    eine Dekompressionsbremseinrichtung (5), die so betätigt werden kann, dass die Kompressionsenergie in den Zylindern (2) dissipiert wird;
    wobei die Dekompressions-Bremseinrichtung (5) Mittel (8) zur Variation der Zeitgebung umfasst, die als Antwort auf die Betätigung der Einrichtung (5) eine zweite Zweitaktzeitgebungssequenz errichten, bei der das Einlassventil (3) und ein Auslassventil (6) wechselweise in der Nähe von jedem der jeweiligen Totpunkte (bdc, tdc) des zugehörigen Zylinders (2) geöffnet sind,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zylinder (2) mindestens ein Hauptauslassventil (4) und ein Hilfsauslassventil (6) haben, das mit einer Entlüftungsleitung (7) für Druckluft in Verbindung steht, wobei die zweite Zeitgebungssequenz der Mittel (8) zum Variieren der Zeitgebung geeignet ist, das Hauptauslassventil (4) geschlossen zu halten und das Hilfsauslassventil (6) in der Nähe jedes oberen Totpunkts (tdc) zu öffnen, ebenso wie nach dem unteren Totpunkt (bdc) des zugehörigen Zylinders (2), so dass das Befüllen des Zylinders (2) mit Luft beschleunigt wird.
  2. Verfahren zum Steuern einer Brennkraftmaschine (1) für ein Fahrzeug, wobei die Maschine (1) eine Vielzahl von Zylindern (2) umfasst, von denen jeder mit zumindest einem Einlassventil (3) und mindestens einem Hauptauslassventil (4) versehen ist, und einem Hilfsauslassventil (6), das mit einer Entlüftungsleitung (7) für Druckluft in Verbindung steht, und einer Dekompressionsbremseinrichtung (5), die so betätigt werden kann, dass sie die Kompressionsenergie in den Zylindern (2) dissipiert, wobei die Ventile (3, 4) gemäß einer ersten Viertakt-Zeitgebungssequenz gesteuert werden, wenn die Dekompressionsbremseinrichtung (5) nicht in Betrieb ist;
    wobei das Verfahren den Schritt des Variierens der Zeitgebung als Antwort auf die Betätigung der Dekompressionsbremseinrichtung (5) umfasst, so dass eine zweite Zweitakt-Zeitgebungssequenz errichtet wird, in der das Hauptauslassventil (4) geschlossen gehalten wird, das Einlassventil (3) in der Nähe jedes unteren Totpunts (bdc) geöffnet wird und das Hilfsauslassventil (6) in der Nähe jedes oberen Totpunkts (tdc) geöffnet wird ebenso wie nach jedem unteren Totpunkt (bdc) des zugehörigen Zylinders (2), so dass das Befüllen des Zylinders (2) mit Luft beschleunigt wird.
EP96112814A 1995-08-11 1996-08-08 Brennkraftmaschine für Fahrzeuge und Steuerungsverfahren Expired - Lifetime EP0791729B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITTO950682 1995-08-11
IT95TO000682A IT1280907B1 (it) 1995-08-11 1995-08-11 Motore endotermico per un veicolo e relativo metodo di controllo

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0791729A1 EP0791729A1 (de) 1997-08-27
EP0791729B1 true EP0791729B1 (de) 2001-11-21

Family

ID=11413789

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96112814A Expired - Lifetime EP0791729B1 (de) 1995-08-11 1996-08-08 Brennkraftmaschine für Fahrzeuge und Steuerungsverfahren

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0791729B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE209296T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69617196T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2168418T3 (de)
IT (1) IT1280907B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ATE484667T1 (de) 2005-08-18 2010-10-15 Renault Trucks Steuerverfahren für die einlass- und auslassventile eines motors und solche ventile umfassender verbrennungsmotor
FR2900200B1 (fr) * 2006-04-19 2009-06-12 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Procede de creation d'un couple negatif par un moteur a combustion interne et de reglage de la valeur dudit couple
FR2900199B1 (fr) * 2006-04-19 2008-06-27 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Procede de creation d'un couple negatif par un moteur a combustion interne et de reglage de la valeur dudit couple
SE538553C2 (sv) * 2014-10-15 2016-09-13 Freevalve Ab Förbränningsmotor samt metod för motorbromsning hos en dylikförbränningsmotor

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB307753A (de) * 1928-03-12 1930-06-11 Motorwagenfabrik Berna A.G.
DE577588C (de) * 1930-06-11 1933-06-01 Motorwagenfabrik Berna A G Bremssteuerung fuer Viertaktdieselfahrzeugmotoren
SE466320B (sv) * 1989-02-15 1992-01-27 Volvo Ab Foerfarande och anordning foer motorbromsning med en fyrtakts foerbraenningsmotor
DE4125831A1 (de) * 1991-08-03 1992-10-15 Daimler Benz Ag Motorbremse

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITTO950682A1 (it) 1997-02-11
IT1280907B1 (it) 1998-02-11
ATE209296T1 (de) 2001-12-15
ES2168418T3 (es) 2002-06-16
ITTO950682A0 (it) 1995-08-11
EP0791729A1 (de) 1997-08-27
DE69617196T2 (de) 2002-07-18
DE69617196D1 (de) 2002-01-03

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0774051B1 (de) Kompressionsmotorbremseinrichtung und verfahren
EP0774052B1 (de) Kompressionsmotorbremseinrichtung und verfahren
EP0777821B1 (de) Kompressionsmotorbremseinrichtung und verfahren unter verwendung eines abgasturboladers mit veränderbarer geometrie
EP0732489B1 (de) Verstellung der Nockenwellenphase für Zylinderabschaltung
EP0727011B1 (de) Bremsvorrichtung mit gleichzeitiger auslassventilöffnung
CA1328384C (en) Engine retarding system of a gas compression release type
US20160146072A1 (en) Engine system and operation method using engine braking mechanisms for early exhaust valve opening
EP0828061A1 (de) Motorbremsverfahren mit von Auslassimpulsen verstärkter Verdichtung
US4174687A (en) Braking device for four-stroke cycle reciprocating piston internal combustion engine
US5615653A (en) Infinitely variable engine compression braking control and method
US5619963A (en) Dual force actuator for use in engine retarding systems
GB2338032A (en) Reversible reciprocating piston I.C. engine with electromagnetic actuated valves
CN118251540A (zh) 多缸内燃机，其气缸配备有具有相互交叉的液压回路的进气阀可变致动系统
WO2009136900A2 (en) Method for exhaust gas temperature control via engine braking in an internal combustion engine
EP0791729B1 (de) Brennkraftmaschine für Fahrzeuge und Steuerungsverfahren
CA2331213A1 (en) Double-lift exhaust pulse boosted engine compression braking method
US6568367B2 (en) Engine compression release brake system and method of operation
EP1920143B1 (de) Steuerverfahren für die einlass- und auslassventile eines motors und solche ventile umfassender verbrennungsmotor
KR20080103074A (ko) 액추에이터 피스톤 제동 방법 및 공압식 액추에이터
WO2018013973A1 (en) Fully variable exhaust engine braking
MXPA00004934A (en) Integrated lost motion system for retarding and egr

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT CH DE ES FR GB IT LI NL SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19971222

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 20000330

GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT CH DE ES FR GB IT LI NL SE

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 209296

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 20011215

Kind code of ref document: T

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: IF02

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 69617196

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 20020103

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: NV

Representative=s name: ISLER & PEDRAZZINI AG

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2168418

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PFA

Owner name: IVECO S.P.A.

Free format text: IVECO FIAT S.P.A.#VIA PUGLIA 35#10156 TORINO (IT) -TRANSFER TO- IVECO S.P.A.#VIA PUGLIA 35#10156 TORINO (IT)

NLT1 Nl: modifications of names registered in virtue of documents presented to the patent office pursuant to art. 16 a, paragraph 1

Owner name: IVECO S.P.A.

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: CD

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.

Effective date: 20050808

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: PC2A

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

Effective date: 20070430

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PCAR

Free format text: ISLER & PEDRAZZINI AG;POSTFACH 1772;8027 ZUERICH (CH)

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20060831

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: RN

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: D3

PGRI Patent reinstated in contracting state [announced from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Effective date: 20110616

Ref country code: FR

Effective date: 20110405

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20150809

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20150805

Year of fee payment: 20

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20150811

Year of fee payment: 20

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20150804

Year of fee payment: 20

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20150713

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20150727

Year of fee payment: 20

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 20150811

Year of fee payment: 20

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20150629

Year of fee payment: 20

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20150806

Year of fee payment: 20

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R071

Ref document number: 69617196

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: MK

Effective date: 20160807

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: PE20

Expiry date: 20160807

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MK07

Ref document number: 209296

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20160808

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: SE

Ref legal event code: EUG

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION

Effective date: 20160807

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 20161125

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF EXPIRATION OF PROTECTION

Effective date: 20160809