EP0787276B1 - Wärmeübertrager - Google Patents
Wärmeübertrager Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0787276B1 EP0787276B1 EP96922743A EP96922743A EP0787276B1 EP 0787276 B1 EP0787276 B1 EP 0787276B1 EP 96922743 A EP96922743 A EP 96922743A EP 96922743 A EP96922743 A EP 96922743A EP 0787276 B1 EP0787276 B1 EP 0787276B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heat
- heat exchanger
- tube
- ribs
- helix
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled
- F28D7/022—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled the conduits of two or more media in heat-exchange relationship being helically coiled, the coils having a cylindrical configuration
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F05C2225/00—Synthetic polymers, e.g. plastics; Rubber
- F05C2225/08—Thermoplastics
Definitions
- the invention relates to a heat exchanger for after a regenerative gas cycle heat and cooling machines, with Separation of the media participating in the heat transfer, one with the heat transfer surface-enlarging tube provided as Flow channel for a heat-absorbing or heat-emitting preferably liquid medium is used.
- the invention further relates to a Process for producing such a heat exchanger.
- EP 411 404 A1 describes a heat exchanger with a finned surface Inner tube, which is covered by an impermeable covering Form of a shrink tube is surrounded.
- the ribs are spiral attached to the inner tube and enclosed by the casing, so that between the ribs a spiral Flow channel for a heat transfer medium is created.
- a heat exchanger designed to increase the heat transfer area has a coiled tube with fins, goes out FR 2 558 945 A 1.
- the ribs are spiral, so that the medium for cooling or heating is also spiral flows between the casing and the spiral tube.
- a heat exchanger is also known from US 4,349,950 A, at which has a helical tube with individual ribs. However, the ribs of two adjacent helixes do not form a rib channel out.
- the invention is based, in particular for after a regenerative gas cycle process working heat and Chillers suitable heat exchanger with a low Construction volume and a very small hydraulic diameter for the heat-emitting or heat-absorbing working medium create, moreover, the high pressure differences between withstands the high and medium pressure medium and also for other uses should be suitable.
- the heat exchanger In the heat exchanger, they are on the outer surface arranged ribs on their rib heads with an impermeable and provided a thermally insulating sheathing, between the casing and the outer surface of the tube at least a flow channel for the one involved in the heat exchange, preferably formed by a process gas second medium is.
- the design according to the invention results in a heat exchanger, which are manufactured on the one hand with a small construction volume can and on the other hand a very low working medium side Dead volume, because the rib channels with a minimal Width of about 0.35 mm and a minimum height of about 0.9 mm can be trained.
- Such small hydraulic diameters can be used especially if it is the Working medium is a process gas.
- the envelope forming the flow channel for the working medium surrounds the entire single or multi-turn helix. Due to the helical Winding up the tube becomes a particularly compact one Design achieved with a high degree of efficiency.
- a further embodiment according to the invention is that of the coiled tube existing spiral formed multi-row.
- Another way to increase the efficiency of a Heat exchanger according to the invention is that in one Multi-turn spiral heat exchanger formed by the tube Flow channel for the heat-absorbing or heat-emitting medium is divided into several individual channels with separate inlet and outlet.
- a heat-absorbing medium is initiated by introducing a new heat-absorbing medium and dissipation of the already heated Medium significantly improve heat transfer without increasing of the working volume side dead volume and without any significant change of the overall volume of the heat exchanger.
- the ribs at the contact points of two up and / or intermeshing helical gears mesh according to one preferred embodiment of the invention, the ribs at least one Helical path at these contact points at about half their radial Extent bent at right angles.
- a compact design with thin walls, that of the tall ones Pressure difference between heat-emitting and heat-absorbing Medium withstands, can according to a further embodiment of the invention can be achieved in that the tube is cylindrical.
- the covering for sealing the rib channel and for forming the Working medium side flow channel exists in one embodiment the invention from a film, preferably an inflation or shrink film.
- the casing consists of a hardening, pourable material, such as plastic or resin.
- the viscosity of the materials to be cast is to be chosen so that it one hand is low enough to freeze the entire one before solidifying Enclose heat exchangers thoroughly, and on the other hand is high enough so that this material does not penetrate into the rib channel and thus the Closes flow channel for the working medium.
- the envelope can be produced in that the Gaps between the fins of the finned tube before casting around the hardening material with wax to prevent penetration of the Prevent casting material into the gaps. Following the The wax is cast from the casting process Expelled flow channels.
- the tube and the fins consist of one Material with a high coefficient of thermal conductivity.
- Heat exchanger is used in one after a regenerative Gas cycle process working heat and chiller determined in which the media participating in the heat transfer are separated from one another.
- the heat exchanger comprises a tube 1, which is on its outer surface 1a is provided with ribs 2 to enlarge the heat transfer area.
- the tube 1 is for Formation of the heat exchanger coiled to form a spiral 3.
- the Cylindrical tube 1 of the heat exchanger serves as Flow channel for the heat-absorbing or heat-emitting preferably liquid medium, which via inlet and outlet 4 in the Tube 1 is introduced or led out of this.
- the helix 3 As can be seen in FIG. 2, is surrounded by a sheath 5, which seals a rib channel 6 so that this along the outer Shell surface 1a of the tube 1 extending a flow channel for the forms heat-emitting or heat-absorbing medium.
- the envelope 5 consists of a hardening material, which was cast around the helix 3 and Rib heads 2a abut.
- the viscosity of this is preferably made of plastic or resin made of pourable material must be selected so that on the one hand the entire coil 3 before the material hardens is evenly surrounded by the covering 5, but on the other hand the viscosity is high enough so that the covering 5 does not penetrate into the rib channel 6, which would clog the flow channel.
- the flow does not take place along the entire rib channel 6 and thus along the entire Shell surface of the helically coiled tube 1.
- the one ring-shaped inlet 7a and outlet 7b flowing in and out Medium flows in the shortest way from the inlet, as can be seen in FIG. 2 7a to sequence 7b, namely perpendicularly in the drawing plane shown along the superimposed tubes 1, the process medium being a flows around each pipe section along about half its circumference.
- the heat exchanger can also have multiple rows, be formed, for example, by coaxially arranging a plurality of helices 3.
- a heat exchanger designed as set out above stands out characterized in that on the one hand it has a compact construction volume and on the other hand, the working volume-side dead volume is very low, since the Rib channels 6 with a minimum width of about 0.35 mm and one minimum height of about 0.9 mm can be manufactured. Furthermore is the cost of manufacturing such a heat exchanger low, since the main component of the heat exchanger, namely that with a Rib 2 provided tube 1 as a standard component of many heat exchangers no Represents special component. Also surrounding the helix 3 with the covering 5, for example by casting with a plastic or resin inexpensive to accomplish, because as an additional component only an inner and an external shape (not shown) that the material is up to fix to its solidification. The manufacture of such a heat exchanger is therefore technically well manageable and in series production possible at low cost.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Description
- Fig. 1
- einen Längsschnitt durch einen zu einer eingängigen Wendel aufgewickelten Wärmeübertrager ohne Umhüllung;
- Fig. 2
- einen Längsschnitt durch den Wärmeübertrager gemäß Fig. 1, jedoch mit Umhüllung und
- Fig. 3
- eine vergrößerte Detailansicht gemäß III. in Fig. 1.
- 1
- Rohr
- 1a
- äußere Mantelfläche
- 2
- Rippe
- 2a
- Rippenkopf
- 3
- Wendel
- 4
- Zu-/Ablaufstutzen
- 5
- Umhüllung
- 6
- Rippenkanal
- 7a
- Zulauf
- 7b
- Zulauf
- 8
- Kontaktstelle
Claims (8)
- Wärmeübertrager für eine nach einem regenerativen Gaskreisprozeß arbeitende Wärme- und Kältemaschine, mit Trennung der an der Wärmeübertragung teilnehmenden Medien, wobei ein mit die Wärmeübertragungsfläche vergrößernden Rippen (2) versehenes Rohr (1) als Strömungskanal für das wärmeaufnehmende bzw. wärmeabgebende, vorzugsweise flüssige Wärmeträgermedium dient, wobei die auf der äußeren Mantelfläche (1a) des Rohres (1) angeordneten Rippen (2) auf ihren Rippenköpfen (2a) mit einer undurchlässigen und thermisch isolierenden Umhüllung (5) versehen sind, wobei zwischen der Umhüllung (5) und der Mantelfläche (1a) des Rohres mindestens ein Strömungskanal (6) für das am Wärmeaustausch beteiligte, vorzugsweise durch ein Prozeßgas gebildete zweite Medium ausgebildet ist, und wobei das berippte Rohr (1) wendelförmig ein- oder mehrgängig zu einer Wendel (3) aufgewickelt ist und die Umhüllung (5) die gesamte ein- oder mehrgängige Wendel (3) umgibt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rippen (2) des einen Wendelganges und die Rippen (2) des benachbarten Wendelganges im Bereich von Kontaktstellen (8) auf und/oder aneinanderliegen, dergestalt, daß das zwiete Medium durch die Strömungskanäle (6) in axialer Richtung bezogen auf die Wendel (3) strömt.
- Wärmeübertrager nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die aus dem aufgewickelten Rohr (1) bestehende Wendel (3) mehrreihig ausgebildet ist.
- Wärmeübertrager nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das den Strömungskanal für das wärmeaufnehmende Medium bildende Rohr (1) in axialer Richtung mit mehreren separaten Zu- und Ablaufstutzen (4) versehen ist.
- Wärmeübertrager nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rippen (2) zumindest eines Wendelganges an Kontaktstellen (8) zweier auf- und/oder aneinander liegender Wendelgänge etwa in Höhe ihrer halben radialen Erstreckung rechtwinklig umgebogen sind.
- Wärmeübertrager nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Rohr zylindrisch ausgebildet ist.
- Wärmeübertrager nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Umhüllung (5) aus einer Folie, vorzugsweise einer Aufblas- oder Schrumpffolie besteht.
- Wärmeübertrager nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Umhüllung (5) aus einem aushärtenden, gießfähigen Material, vorzugsweise Kunststoff oder Harz besteht.
- Wärmeübertrager nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Rohr (1) und die Rippen (2) aus einem Material mit hohen Wärmeleitungskoeffizienten bestehen.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19525364 | 1995-07-12 | ||
DE19525364 | 1995-07-12 | ||
DE19546489 | 1995-12-13 | ||
DE19546489A DE19546489A1 (de) | 1995-07-12 | 1995-12-13 | Wärmeübertrager und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Wärmeübertragers |
PCT/DE1996/001205 WO1997003332A1 (de) | 1995-07-12 | 1996-07-05 | Wärmeübertrager und verfahren zur herstellung eines wärmeübertragers |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0787276A1 EP0787276A1 (de) | 1997-08-06 |
EP0787276B1 true EP0787276B1 (de) | 2001-11-21 |
Family
ID=26016739
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP96922743A Expired - Lifetime EP0787276B1 (de) | 1995-07-12 | 1996-07-05 | Wärmeübertrager |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0787276B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPH10506179A (de) |
AT (1) | ATE209329T1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2168492T3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1997003332A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10021898C2 (de) | 2000-05-05 | 2003-03-13 | Okin Ges Fuer Antriebstechnik | Vorrichtung zum Verstellen von relativ zueinander beweglichen Teilen |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1166941A (en) * | 1966-01-07 | 1969-10-15 | Hymatic Eng Co Ltd | Improvements relating to Heat Exchangers |
US3643733A (en) * | 1970-02-05 | 1972-02-22 | Roger W Hall | Heat exchanger |
US4349950A (en) * | 1979-07-05 | 1982-09-21 | Solar Unlimited, Inc. | Heat exchanger and method of making |
DE3403429A1 (de) * | 1984-02-01 | 1985-08-08 | Karl 7298 Loßburg Hehl | Kuehlereinheit fuer kunststoff-spritzgiessmaschine |
DE3925704A1 (de) * | 1989-08-03 | 1991-02-21 | Wieland Werke Ag | Waermeaustauscher |
DE4202791A1 (de) * | 1991-05-11 | 1992-11-12 | Linder Rudolf Fa | Waermetauscher fuer abwasser fuehrende rohr- oder schlauchleitungen |
-
1996
- 1996-07-05 AT AT96922743T patent/ATE209329T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-07-05 EP EP96922743A patent/EP0787276B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-07-05 ES ES96922743T patent/ES2168492T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-07-05 WO PCT/DE1996/001205 patent/WO1997003332A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-07-05 JP JP9505407A patent/JPH10506179A/ja not_active Ceased
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1997003332A1 (de) | 1997-01-30 |
JPH10506179A (ja) | 1998-06-16 |
EP0787276A1 (de) | 1997-08-06 |
ATE209329T1 (de) | 2001-12-15 |
ES2168492T3 (es) | 2002-06-16 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
DE69525594T2 (de) | Wärmeaustauschrohr | |
DE69526907T2 (de) | Wärmeaustauschrohr | |
DE102010008175B4 (de) | Wärmeübertrager | |
DE60307323T4 (de) | Wärmetauscher | |
DE2603586B2 (de) | Rohrwaermetauscher mit einem mantel und einem in diesem fluchtend angeordneten kern | |
DE69513839T2 (de) | Wärmetauscher | |
DE3815647A1 (de) | Rundwaermetauscher, insbesondere fuer kaeltemittel von klimaanlagen | |
EP0803696A2 (de) | Rekuperator aus keramischem Material | |
EP0787276B1 (de) | Wärmeübertrager | |
DE102009041773A1 (de) | Wärmetauscherrohr, Wärmetauscher und raumlufttechnische Anlage | |
EP2937658B1 (de) | Innerer wärmeübertrager | |
DE2351529A1 (de) | Waermeaustauscher | |
DE19546489A1 (de) | Wärmeübertrager und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Wärmeübertragers | |
EP0411404A1 (de) | Wärmeaustauscher | |
EP1634022A1 (de) | Vorrichtung zum erwärmen eines im kreislauf einer wärme pumpe geführten kältemittels | |
DE2414295C2 (de) | Wärmeaustauscher zur Kondensation von Dampf | |
DE69020876T2 (de) | Wärmetauscher und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung. | |
EP0670209B1 (de) | Heizeinrichtung, insbesondere zum Einsatz in Spritzgiessformen zum Verarbeiten thermoplastischer Materialien | |
EP1217319B1 (de) | Wärmeübertrager zur Wärmeübertragung zwischen einem Kältemittel und einem Wasser/Glykol-Gemisch | |
DE2220012A1 (de) | Spiralkörper, insbesondere als Wärmespeicher oder Wärmetauscher, sowie Verfahren zu deren Herstellung | |
DE19616034C2 (de) | Wärmetauscher zur Wetterkühlung in Arbeitsbereichen des Berg- und Tunnelbaus | |
DE102009057232A1 (de) | Rohrförmiger Wärmetauscher für Kraftfahrzeug-Klimaanlage | |
DE8432762U1 (de) | Waermeaustauscher, insbesondere fuer waermepumpen und kaelteanlagen | |
DE10135654A1 (de) | Wärmetauscher | |
DE2245844C3 (de) | Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen von Eis |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB IT LI NL SE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19970730 |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19980917 |
|
GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
RTI1 | Title (correction) |
Free format text: HEAT EXCHANGER |
|
RTI1 | Title (correction) |
Free format text: HEAT EXCHANGER |
|
GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB IT LI NL SE |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 209329 Country of ref document: AT Date of ref document: 20011215 Kind code of ref document: T |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: IF02 |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 59608258 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 20020103 |
|
ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20020221 Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20020221 |
|
GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) |
Effective date: 20020206 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FG2A Ref document number: 2168492 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: T3 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20020705 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20020731 Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20020731 Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20020731 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed | ||
BERE | Be: lapsed |
Owner name: *VIESSMANN WERKE G.M.B.H. & CO. Effective date: 20020731 Owner name: ROBERT *BOSCH G.M.B.H. Effective date: 20020731 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20030625 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20030716 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Payment date: 20030721 Year of fee payment: 8 Ref country code: ES Payment date: 20030721 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20040705 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20040706 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20040913 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20050201 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20040705 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20050331 |
|
NLV4 | Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee |
Effective date: 20050201 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED. Effective date: 20050705 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FD2A Effective date: 20040706 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20060201 |