EP0779415A1 - Reactor chamber for catalytic cleaning of combustion exhausts - Google Patents
Reactor chamber for catalytic cleaning of combustion exhausts Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0779415A1 EP0779415A1 EP96850186A EP96850186A EP0779415A1 EP 0779415 A1 EP0779415 A1 EP 0779415A1 EP 96850186 A EP96850186 A EP 96850186A EP 96850186 A EP96850186 A EP 96850186A EP 0779415 A1 EP0779415 A1 EP 0779415A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- chamber
- exhaust conduit
- silencer
- segment
- resonance
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 4
- 230000003584 silencer Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
- F01N1/003—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using dead chambers communicating with gas flow passages
- F01N1/006—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using dead chambers communicating with gas flow passages comprising at least one perforated tube extending from inlet to outlet of the silencer
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
- F01N1/02—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using resonance
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
- F01N1/02—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by using resonance
- F01N1/023—Helmholtz resonators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
- F01N13/0097—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/005—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for draining or otherwise eliminating condensates or moisture accumulating in the apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/206—Adding periodically or continuously substances to exhaust gases for promoting purification, e.g. catalytic material in liquid form, NOx reducing agents
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2882—Catalytic reactors combined or associated with other devices, e.g. exhaust silencers or other exhaust purification devices
- F01N3/2885—Catalytic reactors combined or associated with other devices, e.g. exhaust silencers or other exhaust purification devices with exhaust silencers in a single housing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2230/00—Combination of silencers and other devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2230/00—Combination of silencers and other devices
- F01N2230/04—Catalytic converters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/20—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a flow director or deflector
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2470/00—Structure or shape of gas passages, pipes or tubes
- F01N2470/24—Concentric tubes or tubes being concentric to housing, e.g. telescopically assembled
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2490/00—Structure, disposition or shape of gas-chambers
- F01N2490/20—Chambers being formed inside the exhaust pipe without enlargement of the cross section of the pipe, e.g. resonance chambers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
Definitions
- the present invention refers to an apparatus for damping noise at an exhaust conduit belonging to a Diesel engine, which conduit comprises a system for injection of a reagent into the combustion exhausts of the engine, at least one reactor chamber for catalytic cleaning of said exhausts, and at least one reactive silencer in communication with said exhaust conduit, the length of said silencer being acoustically adapted to the wave length of the sound waves which are going to be damped within a specific frequency range.
- a reactive silencer in the form of a quatre wave resonator, a so called Helmholtz resonator, in exhaust systems in order to dampen a certain low frequency noise, e.g. within the range of 35-150 Hz.
- a conventionally designed quatre wave resonator is however comparatively space consuming and involve a clear risk for collection of soot particles which may cause fire in the exhaust system and a gradual deterioration of the function of the resonator.
- One object of the present invention is therefore to provide an apparatus for sound damping which does not exhibit the above mentioned drawbacks, and which is simple to integrate into an exhaust system comprising a catalytic reactor.
- the invention is characterized in that the silencer comprises at least one resonance chamber which is arranged concentric to a straight segment of the exhaust conduit and which is connected to said channel via at least one opening.
- the opening is located so that it continually drains occurring soot particles into the exhaust conduit.
- the opening may be provided with an acoustically permeable filter which prevents soot particles from entering the resonance chamber.
- the resonance chamber is located upstream the reactor chamber. This makes it possible to integrate the resonance chamber, e.g. by means of a gasification unit for injection of the reagent, or a reagent mixer unit.
- the radially inner wall of the resonance chamber is formed by the outer wall of the exhaust conduit.
- This wall may be provided with a channel segment which diverges conically downstream, said segment opening out into the reactor chamber and causing a reduction in the pressure drop through the reactor.
- Two or more resonance chambers may be coaxially located around the exhaust chamber with different lengths that are acoustically adapted to the wave length of the sound waves which are going to be damped within different specific frequency ranges.
- the expression “concentrically arranged” is used in order to illustrate the location of the silencer apparatus with reference to the exhaust channel and the components included in the exhaust channel: gasification unit, mixer unit and reactor chamber.
- the expression “concentric” also include other sections than circular, e.g. quadratic and triangular.
- the installation diagrammatically shown in Fig. 1 comprises a Diesel engine 10 with an exhaust conduit 11 which is connected to a gasification unit 12 for injection and gasification of urea or some other reagent into the exhausts of the engine.
- the exhausts are conducted from the gasification unit via a first mixer unit 13 and a second mixer unit 14 which mixer units are arranged for providing an even distribution of the reagent in the exhausts.
- the mixer unit 14 is connected to a reactor chamber 15 which according to prior art is provided with internal support surfaces for not shown honeycomb monoliths of a ceramic material, which contribute to reduce for example contents of nitric oxide in the exhausts.
- An outlet 16 from the chamber 15 lead directly out into the atmosphere.
- the mixer unit 14 is built into a pipe segment 17 which is provided with a number of openings 18 opening out into an otherwise closed resonance chamber 19 which is arranged concentrically to the pipe segment 17.
- the chamber 19 forms by means of its outer walls 20 a reactive silencer the length of which is acoustically adapted to the wave length of those sound waves which are going to be damped within a specific frequency range, e.g. 50-150 Hz.
- the relations between the section areas for the chamber 19 and the pipe segment 17 determines the capacity for damping sound.
- the openings 18 are located at the same level as the bottom edge of the chamber 19, so that they are able to drain occurring soot particles being transported by the exhaust stream, back into the pipe segment 17.
- the silencer frequency range may be broadened or concentrated.
- the resonance chamber encloses the mixer unit 14, the chamber does not lead to any actual lengthening of the exhaust system of the engine 10.
- the gas in the resonance chamber will have substantially the same temperature as the gas stream in the exhaust channel, which is acoustically advantageous. Besides, the design leads to a low level of material stress resulting from thermal expansion.
- Each honeycomb monolith is provided with a stocking 13 which extends along the vertical sides and forms a seal against the adjacent blocks and the side walls 10.
- a silencer designed according to Fig. 2 and 3 provide a dampening of about 10-20 dB(A) at a flow speed of 25-40 m/sec and a temperature range of 150-500 C°.
- the exhaust conduit 17 displays a segment 17' which diverges in the direction of flow, which segment opens out into the reactor chamber and provides a reduction of the pressure fall through the reaction chamber.
- Fig. 4 shows an embodiment of the invention where a further resonance chamber 21 is coaxially arranged around the exhaust conduit 17 inside the resonance chamber 19, and communicates acoustically with the exhaust conduit 17 via openings 22 being located downstream the openings 18. These openings 22 are also located so that they drain soot particles back to the conduit 17.
- the resonance chamber 21 display a shorter length than the chamber 19 and is in that way acoustically adapted to wave lengths of sound waves which are to be damped within another specific frequency range than that which the chamber 19 is designed for.
- Fig. 5 shows a gasification unit 12 with spray nozzle 23 which is equipped with two in series located resonance chambers 19, 21, essentially displaying the same sectional area and length. Because the height of the openings 18 of the reactor chamber 19, as seen in the direction of flow, are larger than the hight of the openings 22 of the resonance chamber 21, the two resonance chambers 19, 21 may dampen sound within different ranges of frequency.
- Fig. 6 shows a reactor chamber 15 having four outer walls together forming a rectangular chamber section.
- the chamber comprises three levels of honeycomb monolith blocks 24. Every one of the outer walls of the chamber is so designed that it forms a resonance chamber 19 which is connected via openings 18 to the exhaust channel 11, which openings are located upstream the actual reactor chamber. Because the individual resonance chambers 19 are identically designed, they may work together as a single large resonance chamber. This means that the resonance chambers may be made very small, so that they do not add to the dimensions of the reactor chamber appreciably. Also, the resonance chambers 19 have an insulating effect around the reactor chamber, so that the heat radiation to the environment may be reduced.
- One of the four wall elements of the reactor chamber is preferably dismountable, so that the honeycomb monolith blocks 24 may be exchanged.
- a silencer unit is provided which to a large extent facilitate installation of a plant catalytic reduction of the exhausts from a Diesel engine, in particular within the limited amounts of space which prevail within a vessel.
- the reactor chamber may be located at another segment of the exhaust system than shown, e.g. centrally around the gasification unit 12, or downstream the reactor chamber 15. It is possible to provide the apparatus according to the invention with more than two resonance chambers.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The present invention refers to an apparatus for damping noise at an exhaust conduit belonging to a Diesel engine, which conduit comprises a system for injection of a reagent into the combustion exhausts of the engine, at least one reactor chamber for catalytic cleaning of said exhausts, and at least one reactive silencer in communication with said exhaust conduit, the length of said silencer being acoustically adapted to the wave length of the sound waves which are going to be damped within a specific frequency range.
- When installing a reactor chamber according to above in a vessel, usually accommodations must be made in order to clear the limited amount of available installation space. It is known that a catalytic reactor having a number of layers of ceramic honeycomb monolith blocks, display good sound absorbing properties, especially with regard to high frequency sound. Thus, it is sometimes to possible to dismount the conventional silencer from the funnel shaft and replace it with a reactor chamber. However, you risk the creation of interference within the exhaust system, for certain installation applications and for certain operational conditions, so that certain sound frequencies are increased instead of dampened. Thus, sound damping requirements result in that an additional damper perhaps nevertheless has to installed.
- It is known to use a reactive silencer in the form of a quatre wave resonator, a so called Helmholtz resonator, in exhaust systems in order to dampen a certain low frequency noise, e.g. within the range of 35-150 Hz. A conventionally designed quatre wave resonator is however comparatively space consuming and involve a clear risk for collection of soot particles which may cause fire in the exhaust system and a gradual deterioration of the function of the resonator.
- One object of the present invention is therefore to provide an apparatus for sound damping which does not exhibit the above mentioned drawbacks, and which is simple to integrate into an exhaust system comprising a catalytic reactor.
- For this object, the invention is characterized in that the silencer comprises at least one resonance chamber which is arranged concentric to a straight segment of the exhaust conduit and which is connected to said channel via at least one opening.
- Preferably, the opening is located so that it continually drains occurring soot particles into the exhaust conduit. Alternatively, the opening may be provided with an acoustically permeable filter which prevents soot particles from entering the resonance chamber.
- According to a preferable embodiment of the invention, the resonance chamber is located upstream the reactor chamber. This makes it possible to integrate the resonance chamber, e.g. by means of a gasification unit for injection of the reagent, or a reagent mixer unit.
- Suitably, the radially inner wall of the resonance chamber is formed by the outer wall of the exhaust conduit. This wall may be provided with a channel segment which diverges conically downstream, said segment opening out into the reactor chamber and causing a reduction in the pressure drop through the reactor.
- Two or more resonance chambers may be coaxially located around the exhaust chamber with different lengths that are acoustically adapted to the wave length of the sound waves which are going to be damped within different specific frequency ranges.
- The invention will be described hereinafter with reference to embodiments that are shown in the enclosed drawings, wherein
- Fig. 1
- schematically shows a Diesel motor with an exhaust system equipped with a silencer apparatus according to the invention,
- Fig. 2
- shows in a larger scale a section through a silencer apparatus according to the invention, along the line II-II in Fig. 3,
- Fig. 3
- shows a section along the line III-III in Fig. 2
- Fig. 4
- shows in a corresponding way as Fig. 2 a second embodiment of the silencer apparatus according to the invention,
- Fig. 5
- schematically shows a gasification unit with a silencer apparatus according to a third embodiment of the invention, and
- Fig. 6
- schematically shows a reactor chamber with a silencer apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the invention.
- In the description, the expression "concentrically arranged" is used in order to illustrate the location of the silencer apparatus with reference to the exhaust channel and the components included in the exhaust channel: gasification unit, mixer unit and reactor chamber. The expression "concentric" also include other sections than circular, e.g. quadratic and triangular.
- The installation diagrammatically shown in Fig. 1 comprises a
Diesel engine 10 with anexhaust conduit 11 which is connected to agasification unit 12 for injection and gasification of urea or some other reagent into the exhausts of the engine. The exhausts are conducted from the gasification unit via afirst mixer unit 13 and asecond mixer unit 14 which mixer units are arranged for providing an even distribution of the reagent in the exhausts. - The
mixer unit 14 is connected to areactor chamber 15 which according to prior art is provided with internal support surfaces for not shown honeycomb monoliths of a ceramic material, which contribute to reduce for example contents of nitric oxide in the exhausts. Anoutlet 16 from thechamber 15 lead directly out into the atmosphere. - As is illustrated by Fig. 2 and 3, the
mixer unit 14 is built into apipe segment 17 which is provided with a number ofopenings 18 opening out into an otherwise closedresonance chamber 19 which is arranged concentrically to thepipe segment 17. Thechamber 19 forms by means of its outer walls 20 a reactive silencer the length of which is acoustically adapted to the wave length of those sound waves which are going to be damped within a specific frequency range, e.g. 50-150 Hz. The relations between the section areas for thechamber 19 and thepipe segment 17 determines the capacity for damping sound. - The
openings 18 are located at the same level as the bottom edge of thechamber 19, so that they are able to drain occurring soot particles being transported by the exhaust stream, back into thepipe segment 17. By adapting the height of the openings, the silencer frequency range may be broadened or concentrated. - Because the resonance chamber encloses the
mixer unit 14, the chamber does not lead to any actual lengthening of the exhaust system of theengine 10. - Because the radially inner wall of the resonance chamber is the same as the
outer wall 17 of the exhaust conduit, the gas in the resonance chamber will have substantially the same temperature as the gas stream in the exhaust channel, which is acoustically advantageous. Besides, the design leads to a low level of material stress resulting from thermal expansion. - Each honeycomb monolith is provided with a
stocking 13 which extends along the vertical sides and forms a seal against the adjacent blocks and theside walls 10. - Tests have proven that a silencer designed according to Fig. 2 and 3 provide a dampening of about 10-20 dB(A) at a flow speed of 25-40 m/sec and a temperature range of 150-500 C°.
- The
exhaust conduit 17 displays a segment 17' which diverges in the direction of flow, which segment opens out into the reactor chamber and provides a reduction of the pressure fall through the reaction chamber. - Fig. 4 shows an embodiment of the invention where a
further resonance chamber 21 is coaxially arranged around theexhaust conduit 17 inside theresonance chamber 19, and communicates acoustically with theexhaust conduit 17 viaopenings 22 being located downstream theopenings 18. Theseopenings 22 are also located so that they drain soot particles back to theconduit 17. Theresonance chamber 21 display a shorter length than thechamber 19 and is in that way acoustically adapted to wave lengths of sound waves which are to be damped within another specific frequency range than that which thechamber 19 is designed for. - Fig. 5 shows a
gasification unit 12 withspray nozzle 23 which is equipped with two in series locatedresonance chambers openings 18 of thereactor chamber 19, as seen in the direction of flow, are larger than the hight of theopenings 22 of theresonance chamber 21, the tworesonance chambers - Fig. 6 shows a
reactor chamber 15 having four outer walls together forming a rectangular chamber section. The chamber comprises three levels ofhoneycomb monolith blocks 24. Every one of the outer walls of the chamber is so designed that it forms aresonance chamber 19 which is connected viaopenings 18 to theexhaust channel 11, which openings are located upstream the actual reactor chamber. Because theindividual resonance chambers 19 are identically designed, they may work together as a single large resonance chamber. This means that the resonance chambers may be made very small, so that they do not add to the dimensions of the reactor chamber appreciably. Also, theresonance chambers 19 have an insulating effect around the reactor chamber, so that the heat radiation to the environment may be reduced. Because of this effect, the dimensions of the normalthermal insulation 25 of the reactor chamber may be reduced, which also contributes to reducing the outer dimensions of the reactor. One of the four wall elements of the reactor chamber is preferably dismountable, so that the honeycomb monolith blocks 24 may be exchanged. - By means of the apparatus according to the invention, a silencer unit is provided which to a large extent facilitate installation of a plant catalytic reduction of the exhausts from a Diesel engine, in particular within the limited amounts of space which prevail within a vessel.
- The invention is not limited to the above described embodiment, instead more variants are conceivable within the scoop of the following claims. For example, the reactor chamber may be located at another segment of the exhaust system than shown, e.g. centrally around the
gasification unit 12, or downstream thereactor chamber 15. It is possible to provide the apparatus according to the invention with more than two resonance chambers.
Claims (9)
- Apparatus for damping noise at an exhaust conduit belonging to a Diesel engine (10), which conduit (11) comprises a system (12) for injection of a reagent into the combustion exhausts of the engine, at least one reactor chamber (15) for catalytic cleaning of said exhausts, and at least one reactive silencer (18-20; 21, 22) in communication with said exhaust conduit, the length of said silencer being acoustically adapted to the wave length of the sound waves which are going to be damped within a specific frequency range, characterized in that the silencer (18-20; 21, 22) comprises at least one resonance chamber (19; 21) which is arranged concentric to a straight segment (17) of the exhaust conduit (11) and which is connected to said channel via at least one opening (18; 22).
- Apparatus according to claim 1,
characterized in that the segment of the exhaust conduit (11) which is enclosed by the resonance chamber (19) houses a gasification unit (12) for injection of the reagent. - Apparatus according to claim 1,
characterized in that the opening (18; 22) is located so that it continually drains occurring soot particles into the exhaust conduit (11). - Apparatus according to claim 1,
characterized in that the segment of the exhaust conduit (11) which is enclosed by the resonance chamber (19) houses a reagent mixer unit (14). - Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the radially inner wall (17) of the resonance chamber (19) is provided with a channel segment (17') which diverges conically downstream, said segment opening out into the reactor chamber (15).
- Apparatus according to claim 5,
characterized in that the radially inner wall of the resonance chamber (19) is formed by the outer wall (17) of the exhaust conduit. - Apparatus according to claim 1,
characterized in that two or more resonance chambers (19, 21) are coaxially located around the exhaust chamber (17) with different lengths and being acoustically adapted to the wave length of the sound waves which are going to be damped within different specific frequency ranges. - Apparatus according to claim 1,
characterized in that the resonance chamber (19) is located upstream the reactor chamber (15). - Apparatus according to claim 1,
characterized in that the opening (18, 22) is provided with an acoustically permeable filter.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE9504439 | 1995-12-11 | ||
SE9504439A SE505569C2 (en) | 1995-12-11 | 1995-12-11 | Reactor chamber for catalytic purification of exhaust gas from diesel engine |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0779415A1 true EP0779415A1 (en) | 1997-06-18 |
EP0779415B1 EP0779415B1 (en) | 2001-05-23 |
Family
ID=20400561
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP96850186A Expired - Lifetime EP0779415B1 (en) | 1995-12-11 | 1996-11-06 | Reactor chamber for catalytic cleaning of combustion exhausts |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0779415B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE201482T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69612948T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK0779415T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2159011T3 (en) |
SE (1) | SE505569C2 (en) |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2000009869A1 (en) * | 1998-08-11 | 2000-02-24 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Device for catalytic exhaust gas purification |
DE19818874C2 (en) * | 1998-04-28 | 2001-06-07 | Man B & W Diesel As Kopenhagen | Reciprocating machine |
DE19818873C2 (en) * | 1998-04-28 | 2001-07-05 | Man B & W Diesel Ag | Reciprocating internal combustion engine |
WO2002029219A1 (en) * | 2000-10-04 | 2002-04-11 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Device for producing a reducing agent/exhaust gas mixture and exhaust gas purification system |
WO2014076355A1 (en) * | 2012-11-15 | 2014-05-22 | Wärtsilä Finland Oy | An exhaust gas noise attenuator unit for internal combustion piston engine |
US9387438B2 (en) | 2014-02-14 | 2016-07-12 | Tenneco Automotive Operating Company Inc. | Modular system for reduction of sulphur oxides in exhaust |
DE102006038830B4 (en) * | 2006-08-18 | 2017-04-27 | Volkswagen Ag | Charger for an internal combustion engine and an internal combustion engine with a charger |
JP2018013121A (en) * | 2016-07-20 | 2018-01-25 | マン・ディーゼル・アンド・ターボ・エスイー | Mixing device for exhaust gas aftertreatment system, exhaust gas aftertreatment system, and internal combustion engine |
GB2572644A (en) * | 2018-04-06 | 2019-10-09 | Jaguar Land Rover Ltd | An attenuator for a fluid duct |
EP3707355B1 (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2023-07-05 | Wärtsilä Finland Oy | An exhaust gas silencer for an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine, and the exhaust system |
US11698008B2 (en) * | 2020-02-14 | 2023-07-11 | Tenneco Automotive Operating Company Inc. | Exhaust device |
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WO2008144385A2 (en) | 2007-05-15 | 2008-11-27 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Exhaust gas flow device |
WO2010078052A1 (en) | 2008-12-17 | 2010-07-08 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Flow device for an exhaust system |
EP2524123B1 (en) | 2010-01-12 | 2016-11-23 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Flow device for exhaust treatment system |
EP2585693B2 (en) | 2010-06-22 | 2020-08-12 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Dosing and mixing arrangement for use in exhaust aftertreatment |
US8938954B2 (en) | 2012-04-19 | 2015-01-27 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Integrated exhaust treatment device having compact configuration |
CA2900801C (en) | 2013-02-15 | 2021-01-26 | Donaldson Company, Inc. | Dosing and mixing arrangement for use in exhaust aftertreatment |
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-
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- 1996-11-06 DE DE69612948T patent/DE69612948T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-11-06 ES ES96850186T patent/ES2159011T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-11-06 EP EP96850186A patent/EP0779415B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-11-06 AT AT96850186T patent/ATE201482T1/en active
- 1996-11-06 DK DK96850186T patent/DK0779415T3/en active
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US3348629A (en) * | 1965-10-07 | 1967-10-24 | Gen Motors Corp | Resonator silencer |
US3495680A (en) * | 1969-03-13 | 1970-02-17 | Walker Mfg Co | Exhaust silencing system |
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Cited By (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE19818874C2 (en) * | 1998-04-28 | 2001-06-07 | Man B & W Diesel As Kopenhagen | Reciprocating machine |
DE19818873C2 (en) * | 1998-04-28 | 2001-07-05 | Man B & W Diesel Ag | Reciprocating internal combustion engine |
US6442933B2 (en) | 1998-08-11 | 2002-09-03 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Device for catalytic exhaust gas purification |
WO2000009869A1 (en) * | 1998-08-11 | 2000-02-24 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Device for catalytic exhaust gas purification |
WO2002029219A1 (en) * | 2000-10-04 | 2002-04-11 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Device for producing a reducing agent/exhaust gas mixture and exhaust gas purification system |
DE102006038830B4 (en) * | 2006-08-18 | 2017-04-27 | Volkswagen Ag | Charger for an internal combustion engine and an internal combustion engine with a charger |
WO2014076355A1 (en) * | 2012-11-15 | 2014-05-22 | Wärtsilä Finland Oy | An exhaust gas noise attenuator unit for internal combustion piston engine |
US9387438B2 (en) | 2014-02-14 | 2016-07-12 | Tenneco Automotive Operating Company Inc. | Modular system for reduction of sulphur oxides in exhaust |
JP2018013121A (en) * | 2016-07-20 | 2018-01-25 | マン・ディーゼル・アンド・ターボ・エスイー | Mixing device for exhaust gas aftertreatment system, exhaust gas aftertreatment system, and internal combustion engine |
CN107642397A (en) * | 2016-07-20 | 2018-01-30 | 曼柴油机和涡轮机欧洲股份公司 | Mixing arrangement, exhausted gas post-processing system and internal combustion engine for exhausted gas post-processing system |
CN107642397B (en) * | 2016-07-20 | 2021-10-01 | 曼恩能源方案有限公司 | Mixing device for an exhaust gas aftertreatment system, exhaust gas aftertreatment system and internal combustion engine |
EP3707355B1 (en) * | 2017-11-07 | 2023-07-05 | Wärtsilä Finland Oy | An exhaust gas silencer for an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine, and the exhaust system |
GB2572644A (en) * | 2018-04-06 | 2019-10-09 | Jaguar Land Rover Ltd | An attenuator for a fluid duct |
GB2572644B (en) * | 2018-04-06 | 2020-11-18 | Jaguar Land Rover Ltd | An attenuator having a perforated fluid duct surrounded by an enclosure |
US11698008B2 (en) * | 2020-02-14 | 2023-07-11 | Tenneco Automotive Operating Company Inc. | Exhaust device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
SE9504439D0 (en) | 1995-12-11 |
DK0779415T3 (en) | 2001-09-17 |
DE69612948T2 (en) | 2001-10-18 |
EP0779415B1 (en) | 2001-05-23 |
DE69612948D1 (en) | 2001-06-28 |
ATE201482T1 (en) | 2001-06-15 |
ES2159011T3 (en) | 2001-09-16 |
SE505569C2 (en) | 1997-09-15 |
SE9504439L (en) | 1997-06-12 |
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