EP0774523A1 - Silver-iron material for electrical switch contacts - Google Patents

Silver-iron material for electrical switch contacts Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0774523A1
EP0774523A1 EP96117208A EP96117208A EP0774523A1 EP 0774523 A1 EP0774523 A1 EP 0774523A1 EP 96117208 A EP96117208 A EP 96117208A EP 96117208 A EP96117208 A EP 96117208A EP 0774523 A1 EP0774523 A1 EP 0774523A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
oxide
silver
iron
weight
materials
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
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EP96117208A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0774523B1 (en
Inventor
Wolfgang Dr. Weise
Willi Malikowski
Roger Wolmer
Peter Dr. Braumann
Andreas Koffler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Evonik Operations GmbH
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Degussa GmbH
Degussa Huels AG
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Publication of EP0774523A1 publication Critical patent/EP0774523A1/en
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Publication of EP0774523B1 publication Critical patent/EP0774523B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C5/00—Alloys based on noble metals
    • C22C5/06—Alloys based on silver
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H01H1/021—Composite material
    • H01H1/023—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to silver-iron materials with further metallic and oxidic additives for electrical switch contacts.
  • Contact materials for use in electrical power engineering must have high erosion resistance, low welding force and low contact resistance.
  • the composite material silver-nickel has proven itself for switching currents of less than 100A. It has a high erosion resistance with very good excess temperature behavior.
  • a disadvantage of this material is that nickel, particularly in the form of dusts, can have harmful effects on the human organism.
  • Various iron has been proposed as an alternative to nickel.
  • DE-OS 38 16 895 describes the use of a silver-iron material for electrical contacts which, in addition to silver, contains 3 to 30% by weight of iron and a total of 0.05 to 5% by weight of one or more of the additives manganese, Contains copper, zinc, antimony, bismuth oxide, molybdenum oxide, tungsten oxide and chromium nitride. These materials show a significantly better overtemperature behavior with a good service life compared to simple silver-iron materials, but are still below the values of corresponding silver-nickel materials.
  • contact materials which besides Silver can contain 5 to 50% by weight of iron and up to 5% by weight of one or more oxides, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, niobium oxide, tantalum oxide, molybdenum oxide, tungsten oxide, manganese oxide, copper oxide and zinc oxide.
  • contact material which contains iron oxide, zirconium oxide and tungsten oxide in addition to silver.
  • EP-PS 0 586 411 describes a contact material made of silver with 1 to 50% by weight of iron and 0.01 to 5% by weight of rhenium.
  • the materials consist of 0.5 to 20% by weight iron, 0.05 to 5% by weight rhenium and / or iridium and / or ruthenium and 0.05 to 2% by weight one or more Oxides from the series magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, yttrium oxide, lanthanum oxide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, hafnium oxide, cerium oxide, niobium oxide, tantalum oxide, chromium oxide, manganese oxide, iron oxide, copper oxide, zinc oxide, aluminum oxide, indium oxide, silicon oxide and tin oxide, the rest silver.
  • the materials preferably contain 0.3 to 1.5% by weight of rhenium and / or iridium and / or ruthenium.
  • the oxide content is between 0.2 and 1.2% by weight and the iron content between 0.5 and 10% by weight.
  • the materials can be manufactured economically and are comparable in their switching properties to the silver-nickel materials, in particular the overtemperature shows values that the silver-nickel materials also achieve.
  • the materials are manufactured by powder metallurgy by mixing the corresponding powders, cold isostatic pressing, sintering and extrusion to form wires or profiles.
  • table material Average overtemperature in K Lifetime with AC4 switching load according to DIN VDE 0660 AgNi20 70 120,000 AgFe8.5Zn1.5 90 100,000 AgFe9.5Re0.5 75 75,000 AgFe8.5Re0.5MgO1 75 115,000 AgFe8.5Re0.5MgO0.5 74 115,000 AgFe18Re1MgO1 102 140,000 AgFe4.5Re0.5MgO1 70 95,000 AgFe8.5Re0.5Y 2 O 3 1 80 110,000 AgFe8.5Re0.5ZrO 2 1 84 115,000 AgFe8.5Re0.5Al 2 O 3 1 82 105,000 AgFe8.5Re0.5SiO 2 1 90 100.00 AgFe8.5Re0.5TiO 2 1 89 100,000 AgFe4.5Ir0.5MgO1 78 98,000 AgFe8.5Ir0.5MgO1 89 123,000 AgFe4.5Ru0.5Mg

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Contacts (AREA)

Abstract

Silber-Eisen-Werkstoffe für elektrische Schaltkontakte mit Eigenschaften, die den Silber-Nickel-Werkstoffen sehr nahe kommen, bestehen aus 0,5 bis 20 Gew.% Eisen, 0,05 bis 5 Gew.% Rhenium und/oder Iridium und/oder Ruthenium und 0,05 bis 2 Gew.% eines oder mehrerer Oxide aus der Reihe Magnesiumoxid, Calziumoxid, Yttriumoxid, Lanthanoxid, Titanoxid, Zirkoniumoxid, Hafniumoxid, Ceroxid, Nioboxid, Tantaloxid, Chromoxid, Manganoxid, Eisenoxid, Kupferoxid, Zinkoxid, Aluminiumoxid, Indiumoxid, Siliziumoxid und Zinnoxid, Rest Silber.Silver-iron materials for electrical switch contacts with properties that come very close to the silver-nickel materials consist of 0.5 to 20% by weight of iron, 0.05 to 5% by weight of rhenium and / or iridium and / or Ruthenium and 0.05 to 2% by weight of one or more oxides from the series magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, yttrium oxide, lanthanum oxide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, hafnium oxide, cerium oxide, niobium oxide, tantalum oxide, chromium oxide, manganese oxide, iron oxide, copper oxide, zinc oxide, aluminum oxide, indium oxide , Silicon oxide and tin oxide, balance silver.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft Silber-Eisen-Werkstoffe mit weiteren metallischen und oxidischen Zusätzen für elektrische Schaltkontakte.The invention relates to silver-iron materials with further metallic and oxidic additives for electrical switch contacts.

Kontaktwerkstoffe für den Einsatz in der elektrischen Energietechnik müssen eine hohe Abbrandfestigkeit, geringe Verschweißkraft und niedrigen Kontaktwiderstand aufweisen. Für luftoffene Schaltgeräte der Niederspannungstechnik hat sich für Schaltströme von kleiner als 100A der Verbundwerkstoff Silber-Nickel bewährt. Er besitzt eine hohe Abbrandfestigkeit bei sehr gutem Übertemperaturverhalten.Contact materials for use in electrical power engineering must have high erosion resistance, low welding force and low contact resistance. For air-tight switchgear in low-voltage technology, the composite material silver-nickel has proven itself for switching currents of less than 100A. It has a high erosion resistance with very good excess temperature behavior.

Ein Nachteil dieses Werkstoffes liegt jedoch darin, daß Nickel insbesondere in Form von Stäuben schädliche Auswirkungen auf den menschlichen Organismus haben kann. Als Alternative zu Nickel ist verschiedentlich Eisen vorgeschlagen worden.A disadvantage of this material, however, is that nickel, particularly in the form of dusts, can have harmful effects on the human organism. Various iron has been proposed as an alternative to nickel.

In der DE-OS 38 16 895 wird die Verwendung eines Silber-Eisen-Werkstoffes für elektrische Kontakte beschrieben, der neben Silber 3 bis 30 Gew.% Eisen und insgesamt 0,05 bis 5 Gew.% von einem oder mehreren der Zusätze Mangan, Kupfer, Zink, Antimon, Wismutoxid, Molybdänoxid, Wolframoxid und Chromnitrid enthält. Diese Werkstoffe zeigen ein deutlich besseres Übertemperaturverhalten bei guter Lebensdauer gegenüber einfach Silber-Eisen-Werkstoffen, liegen jedoch noch unter den Werten entsprechender Silber-Nickel-Werkstoffen.DE-OS 38 16 895 describes the use of a silver-iron material for electrical contacts which, in addition to silver, contains 3 to 30% by weight of iron and a total of 0.05 to 5% by weight of one or more of the additives manganese, Contains copper, zinc, antimony, bismuth oxide, molybdenum oxide, tungsten oxide and chromium nitride. These materials show a significantly better overtemperature behavior with a good service life compared to simple silver-iron materials, but are still below the values of corresponding silver-nickel materials.

Das gilt auch für weitere bekannte Kontaktwerkstoffe auf der Basis Silber-Eisen. In der DE-OS 39 11 904 werden beispielsweise Kontaktwerkstoffe geoffenbart, die neben Silber 5 bis 50 Gew.% Eisen und bis zu 5 Gew.% eines oder mehrerer Oxide Titanoxid, Zirkoniumoxid, Nioboxid, Tantaloxid, Molybdänoxid, Wolframoxid, Manganoxid, Kupferoxid und Zinkoxid enthalten kann. Aus der DE-OS 43 43 550 ist ein Kontaktwerkstoff bekannt, der neben Silber Eisenoxid, Zirkoniumoxid und Wolframoxid enthält. In der EP-PS 0 586 411 wird ein Kontaktwerkstoff aus Silber mit 1 bis 50 Gew.% Eisen und 0,01 bis 5 Gew.% Rhenium beschrieben.This also applies to other known contact materials based on silver-iron. In DE-OS 39 11 904, for example, contact materials are disclosed, which besides Silver can contain 5 to 50% by weight of iron and up to 5% by weight of one or more oxides, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, niobium oxide, tantalum oxide, molybdenum oxide, tungsten oxide, manganese oxide, copper oxide and zinc oxide. From DE-OS 43 43 550 a contact material is known which contains iron oxide, zirconium oxide and tungsten oxide in addition to silver. EP-PS 0 586 411 describes a contact material made of silver with 1 to 50% by weight of iron and 0.01 to 5% by weight of rhenium.

Es war daher Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, Silber-Eisen-Werkstoffe mit weiteren metallischen und oxidischen Zusätzen für elektrische Schaltkontakte zu finden, die in ihrer Verschweißneigung, Kontakwiderstand und Lebensdauer den bekannten Silber-Nickel-Werkstoffen möglichst nahe kommen. Desweiteren muß der Werkstoff wirtschaftlich als Draht herstellbar sein und durch Widerstandschweißen auf Kontaktträgerstoffe aufgeschweißt werden können.It was therefore an object of the present invention to find silver-iron materials with further metallic and oxidic additives for electrical switch contacts, the welding tendency, contact resistance and service life of which come as close as possible to the known silver-nickel materials. Furthermore, the material must be economically producible as a wire and must be able to be welded onto contact carrier materials by resistance welding.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Werkstoffe aus 0,5 bis 20 Gew.% Eisen, 0,05 bis 5 Gew.% Rhenium und/oder Iridium und/oder Ruthenium und 0,05 bis 2 Gew.% eines oder mehrerer Oxide aus der Reihe Magnesiumoxid, Calziumoxid, Yttriumoxid, Lanthanoxid, Titanoxid, Zirkoniumoxid, Hafniumoxid, Ceroxid, Nioboxid, Tantaloxid, Chromoxid, Manganoxid, Eisenoxid, Kupferoxid, Zinkoxid, Aluminiumoxid, Indiumoxid, Siliziumoxid und Zinnoxid, Rest Silber, bestehen.This object is achieved according to the invention in that the materials consist of 0.5 to 20% by weight iron, 0.05 to 5% by weight rhenium and / or iridium and / or ruthenium and 0.05 to 2% by weight one or more Oxides from the series magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, yttrium oxide, lanthanum oxide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, hafnium oxide, cerium oxide, niobium oxide, tantalum oxide, chromium oxide, manganese oxide, iron oxide, copper oxide, zinc oxide, aluminum oxide, indium oxide, silicon oxide and tin oxide, the rest silver.

Vorzugsweise enthalten die Werkstoffe 0,3 bis 1,5 Gew.% Rhenium und/oder Iridium und/oder Ruthenium.The materials preferably contain 0.3 to 1.5% by weight of rhenium and / or iridium and / or ruthenium.

Bewährt hat es sich, wenn der Oxidanteil zwischen 0,2 und 1,2 Gew.% liegt und der Eisenanteil zwischen 0,5 und 10 Gew.%.It has proven useful if the oxide content is between 0.2 and 1.2% by weight and the iron content between 0.5 and 10% by weight.

Es hat sich gezeigt, daß bei Silber-Eisen-Werkstoffen mit Reduzierung des Eisen-Gehaltes eine Verbesserung des Übertemperaturverhaltens einhergeht. Gleichzeitig wird aber das Verschweißverhalten und die Lebensdauer mit abnehmendem Eisen-Gehalt verschlechtert. Bei höheren Eisen-Gehalten kann durch Rhenium-Zusatz die Übertemperatur verringert werden. Durch Rhenium wird aber die Abbrandfestigkeit verschlechtert. Überraschenderweise hat sich nun gezeigt, daß durch oxidische Zusätze zu einem Silber-Eisen-Rhenium-Werkstoff die Lebensdauer deutlich ansteigt, ohne daß sich die Übertemperaturwerte verschlechtern. Dabei lässt sich das Rhenium ganz oder teilweise durch Iridium und/oder Ruthenium ersetzen.It has been shown that in the case of silver-iron materials, the reduction in the iron content is accompanied by an improvement in the overtemperature behavior. At the same time, however, the welding behavior and the service life deteriorate as the iron content decreases. In the case of higher iron contents, the excess temperature can be reduced by adding rhenium. However, the erosion resistance is impaired by rhenium. Surprisingly, it has now been shown that oxidic additions to a silver-iron-rhenium material significantly increase the service life without the overtemperature values deteriorating. The rhenium can be replaced in whole or in part by iridium and / or ruthenium.

Die Werkstoffe lassen sich wirtschaftlich herstellen und sind in allen Schalteigenschaften mit den Silber-Nickel-Werkstoffen vergleichbar, insbesondere die Übertemperatur zeigt Werte, die auch die Silber-Nickel-Werkstoffe erzielen.The materials can be manufactured economically and are comparable in their switching properties to the silver-nickel materials, in particular the overtemperature shows values that the silver-nickel materials also achieve.

Dies wurde durch elekrische Schaltversuche in serienmäßigen Schützen nachgewiesen. Die Versuche wurden in einem 15 KW-Schütz unter den Schaltbedingungen AC4 und DIN VDE 0660 durchgeführt. Die Übertemperaturmessung erfolgte an den Kontaktbrücken bei einer Strombelastung von 45A und erfolgt jeweils nach 20.000 Schaltungen. Die Werkstoffe und die Ergebnisse der mit diesen Werkstoffen durchgeführten Schaltversuche nach einer Gesamtschaltbelastung von 60.000 Schaltspielen sind in folgender Tabelle enthalten und zeigen die Verbesserung der erfindungsgemäßen Werkstoffe hinsichtlich der Kontakterwärmung gegenüber den bekannten Werkstoffen AgNi20 und AgFe8,5Zn1,5 hat.This was proven by electrical switching tests in standard contactors. The tests were carried out in a 15 KW contactor under the switching conditions AC4 and DIN VDE 0660. The overtemperature measurement was carried out at the contact bridges with a current load of 45A and takes place after 20,000 switching operations. The materials and the results of the switching tests carried out with these materials after a total switching load of 60,000 switching cycles are contained in the following table and show the improvement of the materials according to the invention in terms of contact heating compared to the known materials AgNi20 and AgFe8.5Zn1.5.

Die Herstellung der Werkstoffe erfolgt pulvermetallurgisch durch Mischen der entsprechenden Pulver, kaltisostatischem Pressen, Sintern und Strangpressen zu Drähten oder Profilen. Tabelle Werkstoff Mittlere Übertemperatur in K Lebensdauer bei AC4-Schaltbelastung nach DIN VDE 0660 AgNi20 70 120.000 AgFe8,5Zn1,5 90 100.000 AgFe9,5Re0,5 75 75.000 AgFe8,5Re0,5MgO1 75 115.000 AgFe8,5Re0,5MgO0,5 74 115.000 AgFe18Re1MgO1 102 140.000 AgFe4,5Re0,5MgO1 70 95.000 AgFe8,5Re0,5Y2O31 80 110.000 AgFe8,5Re0,5ZrO21 84 115.000 AgFe8,5Re0,5Al2O31 82 105.000 AgFe8,5Re0,5SiO21 90 100.00 AgFe8,5Re0,5TiO21 89 100.000 AgFe4,5Ir0,5MgO1 78 98.000 AgFe8,5Ir0,5MgO1 89 123.000 AgFe4,5Ru0,5MgO1 76 90.000 AgFe8,5Ru0,5MgO1 95 98.000 The materials are manufactured by powder metallurgy by mixing the corresponding powders, cold isostatic pressing, sintering and extrusion to form wires or profiles. table material Average overtemperature in K Lifetime with AC4 switching load according to DIN VDE 0660 AgNi20 70 120,000 AgFe8.5Zn1.5 90 100,000 AgFe9.5Re0.5 75 75,000 AgFe8.5Re0.5MgO1 75 115,000 AgFe8.5Re0.5MgO0.5 74 115,000 AgFe18Re1MgO1 102 140,000 AgFe4.5Re0.5MgO1 70 95,000 AgFe8.5Re0.5Y 2 O 3 1 80 110,000 AgFe8.5Re0.5ZrO 2 1 84 115,000 AgFe8.5Re0.5Al 2 O 3 1 82 105,000 AgFe8.5Re0.5SiO 2 1 90 100.00 AgFe8.5Re0.5TiO 2 1 89 100,000 AgFe4.5Ir0.5MgO1 78 98,000 AgFe8.5Ir0.5MgO1 89 123,000 AgFe4.5Ru0.5MgO1 76 90,000 AgFe8.5Ru0.5MgO1 95 98,000

Claims (4)

Silber-Eisen-Werkstoffe mit weiteren metallischen und oxidischen Zusätzen für elektrische Schaltkonatakte,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß sie aus 0,5 bis 20 Gew.% Eisen, 0,05 bis 5 Gew.% Rhenium und/oder Iridium und/oder Ruthenium und 0,05 bis 2 Gew.% eines oder mehrerer Oxide aus der Reihe Magnesiumoxid, Calziumoxid, Yttriumoxid, Lanthanoxid, Titanoxid, Zirkoniumoxid, Hafniumoxid, Ceroxid, Nioboxid, Tantaloxid, Chromoxid, Manganoxid, Eisenoxid, Kupferoxid, Zinkoxid, Aluminiumoxid, Indiumoxid, Siliziumoxid und Zinnoxid, Rest Silber, bestehen.Silver-iron materials with other metallic and oxidic additives for electrical switching contacts,
characterized,
that they consist of 0.5 to 20% by weight of iron, 0.05 to 5% by weight of rhenium and / or iridium and / or ruthenium and 0.05 to 2% by weight of one or more oxides from the series magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, Yttrium oxide, lanthanum oxide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, hafnium oxide, cerium oxide, niobium oxide, tantalum oxide, chromium oxide, manganese oxide, iron oxide, copper oxide, zinc oxide, aluminum oxide, indium oxide, silicon oxide and tin oxide, the rest being silver. Silber-Eisen-Werkstoffe nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß sie 0,3 bis 1,5 Gew.% Rhenium und/oder Iridium und/oder Ruthenium enthalten.Silver-iron materials according to claim 1,
characterized,
that they contain 0.3 to 1.5% by weight of rhenium and / or iridium and / or ruthenium. Silber-Eisen-Werkstoffe nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß sie 0,2 bis 1,2 Gew.% oxidische Bestandteile enthalten.Silver-iron materials according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized,
that they contain 0.2 to 1.2% by weight of oxidic components. Silber-Eisen-Werkstoffe nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß sie 0,5 bis 10 Gew.% Eisen enthalten.Silver-iron materials according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized,
that they contain 0.5 to 10 wt.% iron.
EP96117208A 1995-11-20 1996-10-26 Silver-iron material for electrical switch contacts Expired - Lifetime EP0774523B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19543223 1995-11-20
DE19543223A DE19543223C1 (en) 1995-11-20 1995-11-20 Silver@-iron@ material contg. oxide additives

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0774523A1 true EP0774523A1 (en) 1997-05-21
EP0774523B1 EP0774523B1 (en) 2000-04-12

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EP96117208A Expired - Lifetime EP0774523B1 (en) 1995-11-20 1996-10-26 Silver-iron material for electrical switch contacts

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5728194A (en)
EP (1) EP0774523B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH09171734A (en)
DE (2) DE19543223C1 (en)
ES (1) ES2146824T3 (en)

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DE19602812C1 (en) * 1996-01-26 1997-07-31 Siemens Ag Method for producing a shaped piece from a silver-based contact material and shaped piece
TW517095B (en) * 1999-04-23 2003-01-11 Tanaka Precious Metal Ind Co L Method for producing Ag-ZnO electric contact material and electric contact material produced thereby
JP5342931B2 (en) 2009-06-05 2013-11-13 マブチモーター株式会社 Sliding contact material, clad composite material and motor
CN101794636B (en) * 2010-02-02 2011-08-10 福达合金材料股份有限公司 Preparation method of silver ferric oxide electrical contact material
JP2014182976A (en) * 2013-03-21 2014-09-29 Enplas Corp Electric contact and socket for electric component
CN115786762B (en) * 2022-11-24 2024-05-07 南京理工大学 High-strength active brazing filler metal

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DE3911904A1 (en) 1988-04-16 1989-12-14 Duerrwaechter E Dr Doduco Powder-metallurgical process for producing a semifinished product for electric contacts from a silver-based composite with iron
WO1992022079A1 (en) * 1991-05-27 1992-12-10 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Silver-based contact material for use in power-engineering switchgear, and a method of manufacturing contacts made of this material
DE4343550A1 (en) 1993-12-20 1995-06-22 Siemens Ag Contact material based on silver for use in switching devices of power engineering

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2924238A1 (en) * 1978-06-16 1979-12-20 Nippon Telegraph & Telephone ELECTRICAL CONTACT MATERIAL AND METHOD OF ITS MANUFACTURING
DE3816895A1 (en) 1987-06-06 1988-12-22 Degussa Use of a silver-iron material for electric contacts
DE3911904A1 (en) 1988-04-16 1989-12-14 Duerrwaechter E Dr Doduco Powder-metallurgical process for producing a semifinished product for electric contacts from a silver-based composite with iron
WO1992022079A1 (en) * 1991-05-27 1992-12-10 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Silver-based contact material for use in power-engineering switchgear, and a method of manufacturing contacts made of this material
EP0586411A1 (en) 1991-05-27 1994-03-16 Siemens Ag Silver-based contact material for use in power-engineering switchgear, and a method of manufacturing contacts made of this material.
DE4343550A1 (en) 1993-12-20 1995-06-22 Siemens Ag Contact material based on silver for use in switching devices of power engineering

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Publication number Publication date
US5728194A (en) 1998-03-17
EP0774523B1 (en) 2000-04-12
JPH09171734A (en) 1997-06-30
DE59604949D1 (en) 2000-05-18
ES2146824T3 (en) 2000-08-16
DE19543223C1 (en) 1997-02-20

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