EP0772852B1 - Perfectionnements aux detecteurs optiques de fumees - Google Patents

Perfectionnements aux detecteurs optiques de fumees Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0772852B1
EP0772852B1 EP95926440A EP95926440A EP0772852B1 EP 0772852 B1 EP0772852 B1 EP 0772852B1 EP 95926440 A EP95926440 A EP 95926440A EP 95926440 A EP95926440 A EP 95926440A EP 0772852 B1 EP0772852 B1 EP 0772852B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pulses
frequency
emitted
detector
microprocessor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95926440A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0772852A1 (fr
Inventor
Jacques Lewiner
Eugène Smycz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ORWIN
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Orwin
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/103—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device
    • G08B17/107—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device for detecting light-scattering due to smoke

Definitions

  • the duration of such a security check may reach the half a minute or more, which is prohibitive.
  • the invention aims, above all, to remove this disadvantage while benefiting from the great savings due to the formation of the light brush used for the detection using short spaced pulses in the time.
  • smoke detection devices of the kind in question according to the invention still include means for forming the incident light brush of control using current pulses also spaced out in time, and they're basically characterized in that they further comprise means to automatically increase the transmission frequency said impulses from the first manifestation of a detection representative of a threshold being exceeded predetermined by the density of the smoke to be controlled, the possible triggering of an alarm being then commanded according to the signals produced by the detector in response to several of the successive pulses sent to the increased frequency, said means then being at again neutralized if examination of said signals reveals a back to normal and only in this case.
  • the invention includes, apart from these arrangements main, certain other provisions which preferably used at the same time and which will be more explicitly question below.
  • FIG. 1 of this drawing shows very schematically the component, an established detection device according to the invention, in which the detection is carried out optics proper.
  • Figure 2 is a simplified diagram of the assembly of the detection device according to the invention.
  • Figure 3 shows in more detail a other component of this device, namely its circuit pulse frequency control bright.
  • Figures 4, 5 and 6 are diagrams showing each appear, on the one hand at the top, the impulses incident light and, on the other hand at the bottom, the signals detector response for three situations respectively different.
  • the detector comprises a housing 1 mounted on a base 2 and pierced with windows 3 able to give way to smoke F to be checked.
  • These windows 3 are associated with baffles (not shown) to prohibit the maximum introductions of light into the housing and so form inside this case a dark room.
  • the housing contains a clean light source L to emit a light brush P in the dark room, and a detector D placed in a shadow area of this room opposite the source L.
  • the box contains smoke
  • the X particles making up this smoke constitute small mirrors suitable for reflecting light: some rays thus reflected reach detector D and the intensity of the latter's response is all the more high that the density of the smoke considered is itself higher.
  • the incident light brush P is not emitted continuously, but in the form of pulses I ( Figure 4) whose durations t are relatively small, especially of the order of 100 microseconds at 1 millisecond, the periods T which elapse between the successive I pulses being themselves relatively long, and in particular of the order of 5 to 10 seconds.
  • each overshoot should be threshold detected on the basis of a light pulse incident be confirmed on several subsequent pulses and such a check may turn out to be too long in practice: saving a minute or even half a minute, can be extremely valuable to extinguish the start of a fire.
  • the invention makes it possible to benefit from both considerable savings due to light emission under the form of brief pulses repeated at a rhythm relatively slow and the security of a response delivered only after a multiple verification, while limiting to a very small duration, which may be of the order of the second, getting that answer.
  • one increases automatically transmit pulse frequency bright as soon as an abnormal threshold crossing has been detected on the basis of an incident pulse sent to the normal low frequency.
  • the light source L Normally, i.e. in the absence of smoke F in the housing 1, the light source L emits light pulses I spaced by identical periods T and relatively long ( Figure 4) which are generated by chronic automatic discharges from capacitor C, which is gradually loaded continuously by the power source 8.
  • the microprocessor immediately delivers on its outputs 15, 16 an order of increase in the frequency of emission of the light pulses, this frequency being for example multiplied by a coefficient of the order of 10.
  • Each of the subsequent pulses I 1 , I 2 , I 3 ... which then succeed at an accelerated frequency the incident pulse I 0 corresponds to a voltage response V 1 , V 2 , V 3 ...
  • the microprocessor 5 develops instructions to return the switch 14 in its initial standby position.
  • this is a confirmation of the danger initially detected and the microprocessor is arranged so as to excite an alarm of any desirable nature, especially sound.
  • the direction of the evolution of the successive values above can be determined by calculating a derivative in the microprocessor.
  • the decision to trigger the alarm or to return to the standby state is postponed until a change in the controlled amplitudes of the responses V n is detected in one or the other direction.
  • the alarm is automatically triggered after a minimum duration T a which can itself have a value all the greater as the difference between the constant value of the response pulses V n and the threshold S is smaller.
  • the incident pulses I ' 1 , I' 2 ... are given values which are themselves increasing: experience indeed shows that the resulting variation in the amplitudes of the corresponding response signals V ' 1 , V' 2 ... is greater than the variation of the amplitudes of the incident pulses.
  • Each of the two switches 10 and 14 above described is advantageously constituted by a transistor or by a semiconductor with three electrodes including the electrode is connected to the corresponding output (16 or 15) of microprocessor 5, said transistors or analogs which can even be integrated into this microprocessor, as well as the resistances (11, 12, R) to which they are associated.
  • This constitution, or better still this integration, makes it possible to act in a particularly fine manner on the values of the frequencies and / or amplitudes of the pulses I 1 , I 2 ... to be generated.
  • circuit suitable for measuring the voltage real at each instant across said capacitor, circuit can also be part of the whole 5-6 : this voltage measurement makes it possible to get rid of errors that could result from the aging of circuits.
  • This device presents compared to those currently known many advantages and in particular that of a fast reliable response, without practically no increase in average current consumption electric, which remains extremely weak.
  • the invention is in no way limited to those of its modes of application and embodiment which have been more specifically considered; she embraces it, on the contrary, all the variants having all the characteristics of claim 1, in particular those where part of microprocessor 5 above would be replaced by a comparator (not shown) receiving on one of its inputs the output of amplifier 4 and on its other input, an electrical signal representative of the threshold S, the output of this comparator then being applied to circuit 7, preferably via the assembly constituted by a microprocessor and by a analog-to-digital converter, assembly allowing particularly simple signal processing and efficient.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
EP95926440A 1994-07-29 1995-07-27 Perfectionnements aux detecteurs optiques de fumees Expired - Lifetime EP0772852B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9409473A FR2723233B1 (fr) 1994-07-29 1994-07-29 Perfectionnements aux detecteurs optiques de fumees
FR9409473 1994-07-29
PCT/FR1995/001014 WO1996004627A1 (fr) 1994-07-29 1995-07-27 Perfectionnements aux detecteurs optiques de fumees

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0772852A1 EP0772852A1 (fr) 1997-05-14
EP0772852B1 true EP0772852B1 (fr) 1998-12-02

Family

ID=9465921

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95926440A Expired - Lifetime EP0772852B1 (fr) 1994-07-29 1995-07-27 Perfectionnements aux detecteurs optiques de fumees

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5864293A (es)
EP (1) EP0772852B1 (es)
JP (1) JPH11509341A (es)
DE (1) DE69506417D1 (es)
ES (1) ES2126915T3 (es)
FR (1) FR2723233B1 (es)
WO (1) WO1996004627A1 (es)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2551546A (en) * 2016-06-21 2017-12-27 Ffe Ltd Improvements in or relating to beam phasing

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH11224387A (ja) * 1998-02-05 1999-08-17 Hochiki Corp 減光式煙感知器
US6222456B1 (en) * 1998-10-01 2001-04-24 Pittway Corporation Detector with variable sample rate
WO2011058490A1 (en) * 2009-11-13 2011-05-19 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Smoke detection using coded light lamps
FR2970102B1 (fr) * 2010-12-31 2012-12-28 Jacques Lewiner Detecteur de fumee
GB2497295A (en) * 2011-12-05 2013-06-12 Gassecure As Method and system for gas detection
DE102014110460B3 (de) * 2014-07-24 2015-05-13 Eq-3 Entwicklung Gmbh Optischer Rauchmelder und Verfahren zur optischen Rauchdetektion
CN110136390A (zh) * 2019-05-28 2019-08-16 赛特威尔电子股份有限公司 一种烟雾检测方法、装置、烟雾报警器及存储介质

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3946241A (en) * 1973-11-26 1976-03-23 Pyrotector, Incorporated Light detector with pulsed light source and synchronous data gating
US4075499A (en) * 1976-11-16 1978-02-21 Chloride, Incorporated Smoke detector with means for changing light pulse frequency
US4163969A (en) * 1977-06-20 1979-08-07 American District Telegraph Company Variable frequency light pulser for smoke detectors
JPS609914Y2 (ja) * 1978-11-14 1985-04-05 能美防災工業株式会社 光電式煙感知器
US4225860A (en) * 1979-01-15 1980-09-30 Pittway Corporation Sensitivity controlled dual input fire detector
US4254414A (en) * 1979-03-22 1981-03-03 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Processor-aided fire detector
DE3831654A1 (de) * 1988-09-17 1990-03-22 Hartwig Beyersdorf Optischer rauchmelder
US5422629A (en) * 1992-03-30 1995-06-06 Brk Brands, Inc. Alarm silencing circuitry for photoelectric smoke detectors

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2551546A (en) * 2016-06-21 2017-12-27 Ffe Ltd Improvements in or relating to beam phasing
US10277355B2 (en) 2016-06-21 2019-04-30 Ffe Limited Beam phasing method and apparatus for adjusting a timing of beam projections
GB2551546B (en) * 2016-06-21 2020-02-12 Ffe Ltd Improvements in or relating to beam phasing

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69506417D1 (de) 1999-01-14
WO1996004627A1 (fr) 1996-02-15
US5864293A (en) 1999-01-26
ES2126915T3 (es) 1999-04-01
EP0772852A1 (fr) 1997-05-14
FR2723233B1 (fr) 1996-10-04
FR2723233A1 (fr) 1996-02-02
JPH11509341A (ja) 1999-08-17

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