EP0770175B1 - Fuel injection unit for an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Fuel injection unit for an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0770175B1
EP0770175B1 EP95942026A EP95942026A EP0770175B1 EP 0770175 B1 EP0770175 B1 EP 0770175B1 EP 95942026 A EP95942026 A EP 95942026A EP 95942026 A EP95942026 A EP 95942026A EP 0770175 B1 EP0770175 B1 EP 0770175B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuel
air
evaporator
air supply
injection device
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP95942026A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0770175A1 (en
Inventor
Jörg Lange
Herbert Gladigow
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M43/00Fuel-injection apparatus operating simultaneously on two or more fuels, or on a liquid fuel and another liquid, e.g. the other liquid being an anti-knock additive
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M53/00Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having heating, cooling or thermally-insulating means
    • F02M53/04Injectors with heating, cooling, or thermally-insulating means
    • F02M53/06Injectors with heating, cooling, or thermally-insulating means with fuel-heating means, e.g. for vaporising
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M69/00Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
    • F02M69/04Injectors peculiar thereto
    • F02M69/047Injectors peculiar thereto injectors with air chambers, e.g. communicating with atmosphere for aerating the nozzles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of the claim 1.
  • Another fuel injection device is known from DE 28 43 534 A1 known with an injection valve, in which at the spray port of the injection valve connecting outlet an electric heating element is arranged to cause vaporization of the fuel sprayed thereon.
  • an electric heating element is arranged to cause vaporization of the fuel sprayed thereon.
  • In the area of the outlet channel between the Injection opening of the injection valve and the heating element opens an air nozzle, taking advantage of the pressure gradient in the intake pipe Air is supplied from the intake pipe, which the Fuel jet from the injection valve is added.
  • the device according to the invention with the characteristic Features of claim 1 has the advantage that through the air supply in the area of the outlet opening of the fuel evaporator a formation from the heated fuel vaporizer escaping steam jet is caused and that when the fuel vaporizer is switched off, i.e. not heated Fuel vaporizer improved atomization of the escaping fuel jet is reached.
  • blow-out opening is like this is designed so that their effective cross section the amount of air to be mixed with the fuel jet.
  • the air supply device can do this with an idle actuator of the corresponding internal combustion engine, so that the total idle air to the fuel jet via the air supply device is added.
  • Air supply is provided to the inlet opening of the fuel evaporator , causing a flushing of the evaporator area and the evaporator structure is reached.
  • Figure 1 shows a fuel injection device for a Internal combustion engine with an injection valve 10, which has a Fuel supply port 11 fuel under pressure can be supplied from a pressure fuel source, not shown and with a connecting section 12 an electrical or electronic, not shown Engine control unit is connectable.
  • a spray hole section 13 of the injection valve 10 is in a cylindrical recess 14 of a housing 15 arranged.
  • a fuel evaporator 16 is spaced from the spray hole section 13 in the spray direction S behind the spray hole section 13 housed in the housing 15, with an inlet opening 17 of the fuel evaporator 16 not shown Spray hole is arranged so opposite, that between the spray hole portion 13 and the inlet opening 17 an outlet space 18 for those injected from the injection valve 10 Fuel is formed in the cylindrical recess 14 is.
  • the fuel vaporizer 16 has between its inlet opening 17 and an outlet opening 19 an evaporation area 20 with an evaporator structure 21 arranged therein, those by means of an electrical one surrounding the evaporation region 20 Heater 22 and / or directly (not shown) heatable is.
  • a heating current supply line, not shown for the heater 22 is via a connecting section 23 on the housing 15 with a corresponding power source connectable.
  • the outlet opening 19 of the fuel evaporator 16 is one Air blowing device 24 of an air supply device 25 surrounded, which is preferably designed as an annular gap nozzle and to which there is an outlet opening 26 in the housing 15 for one in the area of the outlet opening 19 of the fuel evaporator 16 fuel air mixture formed connects.
  • the exit opening 26 has one with respect to the fuel jet direction A circumferentially arranged guide surface 27.
  • Air preferably compressed air
  • Air supply line 28 is provided, which over a suitable Connection piece 29 or the like with a corresponding Compressed air source not shown connectable is.
  • a suitable pump for example, can be used as the compressed air source (not shown) are used, the suction side with the ambient air is connected and its pressure side to the Air supply line 28 is connected. It is preferred however, the air supply line 28 with the intake pipe of the Internal combustion engine in which the fuel injection device according to the invention is used connected that the Fuel in the area of the outlet opening 19 of the fuel evaporator 16 air to be mixed using the pressure gradient is fed into the intake pipe.
  • the air supply line 28 is to connect to the outlet side of an idle control device, so that the total idle air in the idle mode from the fuel evaporator 16 emerging fuel mixed becomes.
  • the annular gap nozzle 24 is to be designed that it does not determine the amount of air to be mixed, since the metering of the idle air to regulate the idle operation of the internal combustion engine from the idle actuator becomes.
  • the air blowing device 24 also a variety of with respect to the fuel jet direction
  • a star-shaped nozzles 30 may be provided, which expediently evenly distributed in the circumferential direction are arranged.
  • the individual nozzles 30 are one Annular duct 31 connected to the air supply line 28.
  • the two illustrated embodiments of the air blowing device are other suitable training, z. B. sector-shaped arranged slots possible.
  • the fuel injection device operated so that the fuel evaporator is electrically heated is so that its evaporator structure 21 heats up.
  • the injected into the evaporation region 20 by the injection valve 10 Fuel in contact with the evaporator structure 21 comes, is thus evaporated, so that from the fuel evaporator 16 a corresponding fuel vapor jet exit.
  • This fuel vapor jet is created by the Air blowing device, that is from the annular gap nozzle 24 or air blown out of the individual nozzles 30 and shaped with this mixed. This allows the mixture formation for improve the internal combustion engine.
  • a second air supply line 32 is provided, which also has a connecting piece 33 with a Air source is connectable.
  • the air supply line 32 opens into the outlet space 18, which is between the spray hole section 13 of the injection valve 10 and the inlet opening 17th of the fuel evaporator 16 opens.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung für einen Verbrennungsmotor nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of the claim 1.

Aus dem SAE-Artikel 390710, "Cold start performance of an automotive engine using prevaporized gasoline" ist bereits eine Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung mit einem Einspritzventil und einem daran anschließenden Kraftstoffverdampfer bekannt. Der Kraftstoffverdampfer besteht dabei aus einem elektrisch geheizten Röhrchen, in das der Kraftstoff aus dem Einspritzventil eingespritzt wird.From SAE article 390710, "Cold start performance of an automotive engine using prevaporized gasoline "is already one Fuel injector with an injector and a subsequent fuel evaporator known. The The fuel evaporator consists of an electrically heated one Tube into which the fuel from the injector is injected.

Um den Kraftstoffstrahl mit der Innenwand des Röhrchens in Berührung zu bringen, so daß der Kraftstoff verdampft wird, sind im Anschlußbereich zwischen dem Kraftstoffverdampfer und dem Einspritzventil drei Druckluftdüsen angeordnet, von denen eine die Luft radial zum Kraftstoff einbläst, um den Kraftstoffstrahl auszulenken, und die beiden anderen die Luft tangential einblasen, um den ausgelenkten Kraftstoffstrahl in Rotation zu versetzen, so daß sich der Kraftstoffstrahl im wesentlichen schraubenlinienförmig durch das elektrisch beheizte Verdampferröhrchen bewegt.To inject the fuel jet with the inner wall of the tube To touch so that the fuel is evaporated, are in the connection area between the fuel evaporator and the injector three compressed air nozzles arranged, one of which one blows the air radially to the fuel to the fuel jet deflect, and the other two tangential to the air blow in to the deflected fuel jet To rotate so that the fuel jet in the essentially helical due to the electrically heated Evaporator tube moves.

Aus der DE 28 43 534 A1 ist eine weitere Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung mit einem Einspritzventil bekannt, bei der im an die Spritzöffnung des Einspritzventils anschließenden Austrittskanal ein elektrisches Heizelement angeordnet ist, um eine Verdampfung des darauf gespritzten Kraftstoffs zu bewirken. In den Eereich des Austrittskanals zwischen der Spritzöffnung des Einspritzventils und dem Heizelement mündet eine Luftdüse, der unter Ausnutzung des Druckgefälles im Ansaugrohr aus dem Ansaugrohr Luft zugeführt wird, die dem Kraftstoffstrahl aus dem Einspritzventil beigemischt wird.Another fuel injection device is known from DE 28 43 534 A1 known with an injection valve, in which at the spray port of the injection valve connecting outlet an electric heating element is arranged to cause vaporization of the fuel sprayed thereon. In the area of the outlet channel between the Injection opening of the injection valve and the heating element opens an air nozzle, taking advantage of the pressure gradient in the intake pipe Air is supplied from the intake pipe, which the Fuel jet from the injection valve is added.

Die Verwendung von Kraftstoffverdampfern in Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtungen hat sich bewährt, um nach dem Starten des Verbrennungsmotors den Schadstoffausstoß zu reduzieren. Eine derartige Schadstoffreduzierung ist solange erforderlich, wie ein in die Auspuffanlage des Verbrennungsmotors integrierter Katalysator noch nicht seine Betriebstemperatur erreicht hat und daher noch nicht voll funktionsfähig ist. Sobald der Katalysator jedoch auf seine Betriebstemperatur erwärmt ist, ist eine Vorverdampfung des Kraftstoffs nicht mehr erforderlich, so daß der Kraftstoffverdampfer beim normalen Betrieb des Verbrennungsmotors abgeschaltet werden kann. Wenn jedoch Kraftstoffverdampfer, die direkt mit dem Einspritzventil gekoppelt sind, elektrisch nicht beheizt werden, treten Probleme bei der Bildung des Kraftstoffluftgemisches auf, da der Kraftstoffverdampfer den vom Einspritzventil erzeugten Kraftstoffstrahl beeinträchtigt und damit den Kraftstoffaustrag stört.The use of fuel vaporizers in fuel injectors has been proven to work after starting the Internal combustion engine to reduce pollutant emissions. A such pollutant reduction is required as long as an integrated in the exhaust system of the internal combustion engine Catalyst has not yet reached its operating temperature and is therefore not yet fully functional. Once the catalyst but is warmed to its operating temperature, pre-evaporation of the fuel is no longer necessary, so that the fuel evaporator during normal operation of the internal combustion engine can be switched off. But when Fuel vaporizer coupled directly to the injector are not electrically heated, problems occur in the formation of the fuel-air mixture because the Fuel evaporator the fuel jet generated by the injector impaired and thus the fuel discharge disturbs.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Anspruches 1 hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, daß durch die Luftzufuhr im Bereich der Auslaßöffnung des Kraftstoffverdampfers eine Formung des aus dem beheizten Kraftstoffverdampfer austretenden Dampfstrahles bewirkt wird und daß bei abgeschaltetem Kraftstoffverdampfer, also nicht beheiztem Kraftstoffverdampfer eine verbesserte Zerstäubung des austretenden Kraftstoffstrahls erreicht wird.The device according to the invention with the characteristic Features of claim 1 has the advantage that through the air supply in the area of the outlet opening of the fuel evaporator a formation from the heated fuel vaporizer escaping steam jet is caused and that when the fuel vaporizer is switched off, i.e. not heated Fuel vaporizer improved atomization of the escaping fuel jet is reached.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist es, daß sich durch eine entsprechende Führung der zum Kraftstoffstrahl zuzumischenden Luft ein Saugeffekt ergibt, der das Austragverhalten für den Kraftstoff aus dem Verdampfungsbereich des Kraftstoffverdampfers wesentlich verbessert. Hierfür eignen sich insbesondere Ringspaltdüsen und Düsen mit einer Vielzahl von um die Auslaßöffnung des Kraftstoffverdampfers herum angeordneten Düsenöffnungen, durch die Luft im wesentlichen radial in einen aus dem Kraftstoffverdampfer austretenden Kraftstoffstrahl geblasen werden kann. Aufgrund des erfindungsgemäß vorgesehenen Saugeffekts lassen sich insbesondere bei nicht beheiztem Kraftstoffverdampfer Kraftstoffablagerungen an dessen Innenwänden und dessen Verdampferstruktur vermeiden.It is particularly advantageous that a corresponding Guiding the air to be mixed into the fuel jet a suction effect results in the discharge behavior for the Fuel from the evaporation area of the fuel evaporator significantly improved. Are particularly suitable for this Annular gap nozzles and nozzles with a variety of around the outlet opening the nozzle openings arranged around the fuel evaporator, through the air essentially radially into one jet of fuel emerging from the fuel evaporator can be blown. Because of the provided according to the invention Suction effect can be especially when not heated Fuel evaporator Fuel deposits on its inner walls and avoid its evaporator structure.

Insbesondere ist es von Vorteil, wenn die Ausblasöffnung so ausgebildet ist, daß ihr wirksamer Querschnitt die Menge der zum Kraftstoffstrahl zuzumischenden Luft festlegt. Alternativ dazu kann die Luftzuführeinrichtung mit einem Leerlaufsteller des entsprechenden Verbrennungsmotors verbunden sein, so daß die gesamte Leerlaufluft dem Kraftstoffstrahl über die Luftzuführeinrichtung zugemischt wird.It is particularly advantageous if the blow-out opening is like this is designed so that their effective cross section the amount of air to be mixed with the fuel jet. Alternatively the air supply device can do this with an idle actuator of the corresponding internal combustion engine, so that the total idle air to the fuel jet via the air supply device is added.

Um Kraftstoffablagerungen bei nicht beheiztem Kraftstoffverdampfer noch besser zu verhindern, ist es vorteilhaft, wenn neben der Luftzufuhr im Bereich der Auslaßöffnung auch eine Luftzufuhr zur Einlaßöffnung des Kraftstoffverdampfers vorgesehen wird, wodurch eine Spülung des Verdampferbereichs und der Verdampferstruktur erreicht wird.For fuel deposits when the fuel evaporator is not heated To prevent even better, it is beneficial if in addition to the air supply in the area of the outlet opening also one Air supply is provided to the inlet opening of the fuel evaporator , causing a flushing of the evaporator area and the evaporator structure is reached.

Durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Verbesserungen der im Hauptanspruch angegebenen Vorrichtung möglich.By the measures listed in the subclaims advantageous developments and improvements in Main claim specified device possible.

Zeichnungdrawing

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine teilweise geschnittene, schematische Ansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung,
Fig. 2
einen Schnitt im wesentlichen nach Linie II-II in Figur 1 bei einer anderen Ausführungsform der Erfindung, und
Fig. 3
einen schematischen Schnitt durch einen Kraftstoffverdampfer nach einer weiteren Ausführungsform der Erfindung.
Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description. Show it:
Fig. 1
2 shows a partially sectioned, schematic view of a fuel injection device according to the invention,
Fig. 2
a section substantially along the line II-II in Figure 1 in another embodiment of the invention, and
Fig. 3
a schematic section through a fuel evaporator according to a further embodiment of the invention.

In den verschiedenen Figuren der Zeichnung sind einander entsprechende Bauteile mit gleichen Bezugszeichen versehen.In the different figures of the drawing are corresponding to each other Provide components with the same reference numerals.

Beschreibung der AusführungsbeispieleDescription of the embodiments

Figur 1 zeigt eine Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung für einen Verbrennungsmotor mit einem Einspritzventil 10, dem über einen Kraftstoffzuführanschluß 11 unter Druck stehender Kraftstoff von einer nicht dargestellten Druckkraftstoffquelle zuführbar ist und das über einen Verbindungsabschnitt 12 mit einem nicht dargestellten elektrischen oder elektronischen Motorsteuergerät verbindbar ist. Ein Spritzlochabschnitt 13 des Einspritzventils 10 ist in einer zylindrischen Ausnehmung 14 eines Gehäuses 15 angeordnet.Figure 1 shows a fuel injection device for a Internal combustion engine with an injection valve 10, which has a Fuel supply port 11 fuel under pressure can be supplied from a pressure fuel source, not shown and with a connecting section 12 an electrical or electronic, not shown Engine control unit is connectable. A spray hole section 13 of the injection valve 10 is in a cylindrical recess 14 of a housing 15 arranged.

Ein Kraftstoffverdampfer 16 ist mit einem Abstand zum Spritzlochabschnitt 13 in Spritzrichtung S hinter dem Spritzlochabschnitt 13 im Gehäuse 15 untergebracht, wobei eine Einlaßöffnung 17 des Kraftstoffverdampfers 16 dem nicht näher dargestellten Spritzloch derart gegenüberliegend angeordnet ist, daß zwischen dem Spritzlochabschnitt 13 und der Einlaßöffnung 17 ein Austrittsraum 18 für aus dem Einspritzventil 10 ausgespritzten Kraftstoff in der zylindrischen Ausnehmung 14 gebildet ist.A fuel evaporator 16 is spaced from the spray hole section 13 in the spray direction S behind the spray hole section 13 housed in the housing 15, with an inlet opening 17 of the fuel evaporator 16 not shown Spray hole is arranged so opposite, that between the spray hole portion 13 and the inlet opening 17 an outlet space 18 for those injected from the injection valve 10 Fuel is formed in the cylindrical recess 14 is.

Der Kraftstoffverdampfer 16 weist zwischen seiner Einlaßöffnung 17 und einer Auslaßöffnung 19 einen Verdampfungsbereich 20 mit einer darin angeordneten Verdampferstruktur 21 auf, die mittels einer den Verdampfungsbereich 20 umgebenden elektrischen Heizung 22 und/oder direkt (nicht dargestellt) beheizbar ist. Eine nicht näher dargestellte Heizstromzuführleitung für die Heizung 22 ist über einen Verbindungsabschnitt 23 am Gehäuse 15 mit einer entsprechenden Stromquelle verbindbar.The fuel vaporizer 16 has between its inlet opening 17 and an outlet opening 19 an evaporation area 20 with an evaporator structure 21 arranged therein, those by means of an electrical one surrounding the evaporation region 20 Heater 22 and / or directly (not shown) heatable is. A heating current supply line, not shown for the heater 22 is via a connecting section 23 on the housing 15 with a corresponding power source connectable.

Die Auslaßöffnung 19 des Kraftstoffverdampfers 16 ist von einer Luftausblaseinrichtung 24 einer Luftzuführeinrichtung 25 umgeben, die vorzugsweise als Ringspaltdüse ausgebildet ist und an die sich eine Austrittsöffnung 26 im Gehäuse 15 für ein im Bereich der Auslaßöffnung 19 des Kraftstoffverdampfers 16 gebildetes Kraftstoffluftgemisch anschließt. Die Austrittsöffnung 26 weist eine bezüglich der Kraftstoffstrahlrichtung A umfangsmäßig angeordnete Führungsfläche 27 auf.The outlet opening 19 of the fuel evaporator 16 is one Air blowing device 24 of an air supply device 25 surrounded, which is preferably designed as an annular gap nozzle and to which there is an outlet opening 26 in the housing 15 for one in the area of the outlet opening 19 of the fuel evaporator 16 fuel air mixture formed connects. The exit opening 26 has one with respect to the fuel jet direction A circumferentially arranged guide surface 27.

Um der als Luftausblaseinrichtung dienenden Ringspaltdüse 24 Luft, vorzugsweise Druckluft, zuzuführen, ist im Gehäuse 15 eine Luftzuführleitung 28 vorgesehen, die über einen geeigneten Anschlußstutzen 29 oder dergleichen mit einer entsprechenden, nicht näher dargestellten Druckluftquelle verbindbar ist.Around the annular gap nozzle 24 serving as an air blowing device Air, preferably compressed air, is to be supplied in the housing 15 an air supply line 28 is provided, which over a suitable Connection piece 29 or the like with a corresponding Compressed air source not shown connectable is.

Als Druckluftquelle kann beispielsweise eine geeignete Pumpe (nicht dargestellt) verwendet werden, deren Ansaugseite mit der Umgebungsluft verbunden ist und deren Druckseite an die Luftzuführleitung 28 angeschlossen ist. Bevorzugterweise ist jedoch die Luftzuführleitung 28 so mit dem Ansaugrohr des Verbrennungsmotors, in dem die erfindungsgemäße Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung verwendet wird, verbunden, daß die dem Kraftstoff im Bereich der Auslaßöffnung 19 des Kraftstoffverdampfers 16 zuzumischende Luft unter Ausnutzung des Druckgefälles im Ansaugrohr zugeführt wird.A suitable pump, for example, can be used as the compressed air source (not shown) are used, the suction side with the ambient air is connected and its pressure side to the Air supply line 28 is connected. It is preferred however, the air supply line 28 with the intake pipe of the Internal combustion engine in which the fuel injection device according to the invention is used connected that the Fuel in the area of the outlet opening 19 of the fuel evaporator 16 air to be mixed using the pressure gradient is fed into the intake pipe.

Dabei ist es insbesondere möglich, die Luftzuführleitung 28 mit der Auslaßseite einer Leerlaufstelleinrichtung zu verbinden, so daß im Leerlaufbetrieb die gesamte Leerlaufluft dem aus dem, Kraftstoffverdampfer 16 austretenden Kraftstoff zugemischt wird. In diesem Fall ist die Ringspaltdüse 24 so auszulegen, daß sie die zuzumischende Luftmenge nicht festlegt, da die Zumessung der Leerlaufluft zur Regelung des Leerlaufbetriebs des Verbrennungsmotors vom Leerlaufsteller ausgeführt wird.It is in particular possible to have the air supply line 28 to connect to the outlet side of an idle control device, so that the total idle air in the idle mode from the fuel evaporator 16 emerging fuel mixed becomes. In this case, the annular gap nozzle 24 is to be designed that it does not determine the amount of air to be mixed, since the metering of the idle air to regulate the idle operation of the internal combustion engine from the idle actuator becomes.

Wie in Figur 2 dargestellt, kann die Luftausblaseinrichtung 24' auch eine Vielzahl von in Bezug auf die Kraftstoffstrahlrichtung A sternförmig angeordneten Düsen 30 vorgesehen sein, die zweckmäßigerweise in Umfangsrichtung gleichmäßig verteilt angeordnet sind. Die einzelnen Düsen 30 sind dabei über einen Ringkanal 31 mit der Luftzuführleitung 28 verbunden. Neben den beiden dargestellten Ausgestaltungen der Luftausblaseinrichtung sind auch andere geeignete Ausbildungen, z. B. sektorförmig angeordnete Schlitze möglich.As shown in Figure 2, the air blowing device 24 'also a variety of with respect to the fuel jet direction A star-shaped nozzles 30 may be provided, which expediently evenly distributed in the circumferential direction are arranged. The individual nozzles 30 are one Annular duct 31 connected to the air supply line 28. Next the two illustrated embodiments of the air blowing device are other suitable training, z. B. sector-shaped arranged slots possible.

Unmittelbar nach dem Starten eines Verbrennungsmotors wird die erfindungsgemäße Kraftstoffeinspritzvorrichtung so betrieben, daß der Kraftstoffverdampfer elektrisch geheizt wird, so daß sich seine Verdampferstruktur 21 erwärmt. Der vom Einspritzventil 10 in den Verdampfungsbereich 20 eingespritzte Kraftstoff, der mit der Verdampferstruktur 21 in Berührung kommt, wird somit verdampft, so daß aus dem Kraftstoffverdampfer 16 ein entsprechender Kraftstoffdampfstrahl austritt. Dieser Kraftstoffdampfstrahl wird durch die aus der Luftausblaseinrichtung, also aus der Ringspaltdüse 24 oder den einzelnen Düsen 30 ausgeblasenen Luft geformt und mit dieser vermischt. Hierdurch läßt sich die Gemischbildung für den Verbrennungsmotor verbessern. Immediately after starting an internal combustion engine the fuel injection device according to the invention operated so that the fuel evaporator is electrically heated is so that its evaporator structure 21 heats up. The injected into the evaporation region 20 by the injection valve 10 Fuel in contact with the evaporator structure 21 comes, is thus evaporated, so that from the fuel evaporator 16 a corresponding fuel vapor jet exit. This fuel vapor jet is created by the Air blowing device, that is from the annular gap nozzle 24 or air blown out of the individual nozzles 30 and shaped with this mixed. This allows the mixture formation for improve the internal combustion engine.

Nach einer Warmlaufzeit des Verbrennungsmotors, in der sich auch ein Katalysator einer Abgasanlage des Verbrennungsmotors auf seine Betriebstemperatur erwärmt hat, ist eine Heizung des Kraftstoffverdampfers 16 nicht mehr erforderlich, so daß dessen Heizung abgeschaltet werden kann.After a warm-up period of the internal combustion engine, in which also a catalytic converter of an exhaust system of the internal combustion engine has warmed to its operating temperature is a heater of the fuel evaporator 16 is no longer required, so that whose heating can be switched off.

Bei abgeschalteter Heizung des Kraftstoffverdampfers 16, also bei abgekühlter Verdampferstruktur 21, erfolgt im Verdampfungsbereich 20 keine wesentliche Kraftstoffverdampfung mehr und aus der Auslaßöffnung 19 tritt ein Kraftstoffstrahl aus. Dabei sorgt die von der Luftausblaseinrichtung zugeführte Luft, die bei entsprechender Gestaltung der Ringspaltdüse 24 oder der Einzeldüsen 24' auf Schallgeschwindigkeit beschleunigt sein kann, eine Zerstäubung des austretenden Kraftstoffs, wobei gleichzeitig der Kraftstoffaustrag aus dem Kraftstoffverdampfer 16 durch eine Saugwirkung der ausgeblasenen Luft verbessert wird. Durch diese Saugwirkung wird auch die Ablagerung von Kraftstoff an der Verdampferstruktur 21 wesentlich verringert.With the heating of the fuel evaporator 16 switched off, that is with the evaporator structure 21 cooled, takes place in the evaporation area 20 no more significant fuel evaporation and a fuel jet emerges from the outlet opening 19. This is ensured by the air blowing device Air, with the appropriate design of the annular gap nozzle 24 or the individual nozzles 24 'accelerated to the speed of sound can be an atomization of the escaping fuel, where at the same time the fuel discharge from the Fuel evaporator 16 by suction of the blown out Air is improved. This suction effect also the deposition of fuel on the evaporator structure 21 significantly reduced.

Um zusätzlich zu der verbesserten Zerstäubung des aus dem Verdampfer 16 austretenden Kraftstoffs und der Formung des jeweiligen Kraftstoffstrahls das Auftreten von Kraftstoffablagerungen im Kraftstoffverdampfer 16 praktisch vollständig zu vermeiden, ist bei einem in Figur 3 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung eine zweite Luftzuführleitung 32 vorgesehen, die über einen Anschlußstutzen 33 ebenfalls mit einer Luftquelle verbindbar ist. Die Luftzuführleitung 32 mündet in den Austrittsraum 18, der zwischen dem Spritzlochabschnitt 13 des Einspritzventils 10 und der Einlaßöffnung 17 des Kraftstoffverdampfers 16 mündet. In addition to the improved atomization of the from the Evaporator 16 emerging fuel and the formation of the the occurrence of fuel deposits in the fuel evaporator 16 practically completely To avoid, is in an embodiment shown in Figure 3 the invention, a second air supply line 32 is provided, which also has a connecting piece 33 with a Air source is connectable. The air supply line 32 opens into the outlet space 18, which is between the spray hole section 13 of the injection valve 10 and the inlet opening 17th of the fuel evaporator 16 opens.

Beim Betrieb der erfindungsgemäßen Einspritzvorrichtung wird die durch die zweite Luftzuführleitung 32 in den Austrittsraum 18 zugeführte Luft zusammen mit dem aus dem Einspritzventil 10 ausgespritzten Kraftstoff durch den Verdampfungsbereich 20 des Kraftstoffverdampfers 16 geleitet. Dabei bewirkt diese Luft bei abgeschalteter Heizung 22 des Kraftstoffverdampfers 16, daß sich eventuell an der Verdampferstruktur 21 ablagernde Kraftstofftröpfchen wieder mitgenommen werden, so daß der Kraftstoffverdampfer durch diese zusätzliche Luft gespült wird.When operating the injection device according to the invention through the second air supply line 32 into the outlet space 18 air supplied along with that from the injector 10 sprayed fuel through the evaporation area 20 of the fuel evaporator 16 passed. Doing so this air when the heater 22 of the fuel evaporator is switched off 16 that possibly on the evaporator structure 21st Deposited fuel droplets are taken away again, so that the fuel vaporizer is flushed through this additional air becomes.

Zusammen mit der im Bereich der Auslaßöffnung 19 des Kraftstoffverdampfers 16 zugeführten Luft, die dort einen Saugeffekt bewirkt, wird also eine erhebliche Verbesserung des Kraftstoffaustrags erreicht, wobei gleichzeitig Kraftstoffablagerungen im Kraftstoffverdampfer 16, die Kraftstoffaustrag beeinträchtigen könnten, praktisch vollständig vermieden werden, wodurch sich eine exakte Zumessung des Kraftstoffs für die Gemischbildung erreichen läßt.Together with that in the area of the outlet opening 19 of the fuel evaporator 16 supplied air, which has a suction effect causes a significant improvement in Fuel discharge reached, while fuel deposits in the fuel evaporator 16, the fuel discharge could be practically completely avoided, which ensures an exact metering of the fuel for can achieve the mixture formation.

Claims (10)

  1. Fuel injection device for an internal-combustion engine, with an injection valve (10), with a fuel evaporator (16), into the inlet orifice (17) of which fuel can be injected by the injection valve (10) and out of the outlet orifice (19) of which a fuel jet emerges, and with an air supply means (25) which delivers air to be admixed with the fuel jet to the fuel evaporator (16), characterized in that the air supply means (25) has an air blow-out means (24, 24') which is arranged in the region of the outlet orifice (19) of the fuel evaporator (16) and through which the air to be admixed is supplied to the fuel jet emerging from the fuel evaporator (16), and the fuel evaporator (16) and the air blow-out means (24, 24') and, at least partially, the air supply means (25) are arranged so as to be fixedly connected to the injection valve (10).
  2. Fuel injection device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the air blow-out means is designed as a nozzle (24, 24') opening into the fuel jet downstream of the outlet orifice (19) of the fuel evaporator (16) in the direction of flow (A) of the fuel jet.
  3. Fuel injection device according to Claim 2, characterized in that the blow-out direction of the nozzle (24, 24') is essentially radial to the fuel-jet direction (A).
  4. Fuel injection device according to Claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the air blow-out means is designed as an annular-gap nozzle (24).
  5. Fuel injection device according to Claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the air blow-out means is designed as a nozzle (24') having a plurality of nozzle bores (30).
  6. Fuel injection device according to one of Claims 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the nozzle (24, 24') has a predetermined cross section which determines the quantity of air to be admixed with the fuel jet.
  7. Fuel injection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the air supply means (25) has a further air blow-out means in the region of the inlet orifice (17) of the fuel evaporator (16).
  8. Fuel injection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the air supply means (25) has an air supply line (29, 32) capable of being connected to an intake pipe of the internal-combustion engine.
  9. Fuel injection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the air supply line (28, 32) of the air supply means (25) is capable of being connected to the intake pipe of the internal-combustion engine via an idling-speed adjustment means.
  10. Fuel injection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the air supply means (25) has an air supply line (28, 32), the inlet side of which is connected to a compressed-air pump.
EP95942026A 1994-12-23 1995-12-20 Fuel injection unit for an internal combustion engine Expired - Lifetime EP0770175B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4446242A DE4446242A1 (en) 1994-12-23 1994-12-23 Fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine
DE4446242 1994-12-23
PCT/DE1995/001826 WO1996020342A1 (en) 1994-12-23 1995-12-20 Fuel injection unit for an internal combustion engine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0770175A1 EP0770175A1 (en) 1997-05-02
EP0770175B1 true EP0770175B1 (en) 2000-03-22

Family

ID=6536879

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95942026A Expired - Lifetime EP0770175B1 (en) 1994-12-23 1995-12-20 Fuel injection unit for an internal combustion engine

Country Status (7)

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US (1) US5694906A (en)
EP (1) EP0770175B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH09509719A (en)
KR (1) KR970701307A (en)
CN (1) CN1070263C (en)
DE (2) DE4446242A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1996020342A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5694906A (en) 1997-12-09
EP0770175A1 (en) 1997-05-02
CN1070263C (en) 2001-08-29
KR970701307A (en) 1997-03-17
JPH09509719A (en) 1997-09-30
CN1138888A (en) 1996-12-25
WO1996020342A1 (en) 1996-07-04
DE4446242A1 (en) 1996-06-27
DE59508068D1 (en) 2000-04-27

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