EP0768981B1 - Power-driven winch for mooring vessels - Google Patents

Abstract

A winch consisting of a drum (2) in the form of a cylinder (3) axially rotated under the control of a power unit (7) combined with a reduction unit (8), said drum (2) having a rotational locking assembly (20), e.g. a band or disk brake, separate from the power unit (7). At least one part of the motor-reduction unit (7, 8) is housed in the cylinder (3) of the drum (2) and the motion output by the reduction unit (8) goes in two directions, i.e. towards the drum (2) and, externally to the drum, towards an adjacent or complementary rotary device (25, 26, 30, 33, 35, 42, 43, 46). The output (10) of the power unit and the input (10) and output(s) (12, 13) of the reduction unit (8) are centred on the axis of said drum (2).

Description

The present invention relates to a motorized winch intended to be placed on the front and / or rear decks of the decks of a floating craft such as a ship, platform, etc., to ensure their mooring, in particular at the port.
This winch is of the type consisting of a drum in the shape of a barrel, controlled in axial rotation by a motorization associated with reducing means. The drum is intended to receive cables or hawsers for mooring; it includes locking means, independent of the motorization, of the band or disc brake type, acting as a parking brake.

Motorized winches known until now are very bulky due to the volume occupied on bridges by motorization, reducing means and the adjoining control cabinets which adjoin the winding drum.

The German document DE-A-30 41504 also proposes an assembly with two drums each provided with integrated geared means. The reducing means of the first drum are of the planetary type with two outputs. One of these outlets consists of a crown fixed to the internal surface of the drum and the other, axial outlet, extends outwards and has an end pinion which directly meshes with the second drum.
This installation is not suitable for securing floating devices; on the other hand, its structure is relatively complex due to the presence of a double motorization.

The present invention aims to propose a system space-saving motorized winch which allows from a single engine, the training of a drum and an auxiliary rotary device, with in besides a possibility of choosing the rotation of one or the other organ.

The motorized winch conforms to this invention is intended to be placed on a craft floating to ensure its mooring at the port. It is consisting of a drum shaped drum ordered in axial rotation by gearmotor means including at least a part is housed in said barrel; the outgoing movement of the reducing means extends in two directions, one towards the drum and the other towards an additional or complementary rotary device (other drum, windlass gypsy, capstan doll ...).

According to the invention, the winch comprises means drum rotation lock, independent of the motorization, and of the clutch means on the axial output of the reducer. These clutch means allow, in a first position, the drive of the drum by the gearmotor means, the means the lock then being deactivated; in second position, they stop rotation of the drum while ensuring the training of additional or complementary rotary device. In this second position, the locking means of the drum are activated.

According to a particularly embodiment interesting, the clutch means are suitable for block or not the rotation of the axial outlet of the reducer to allow training selective, under effort, either from the drum or additional or complementary rotary device. Ways locking the rotation of the drum are then used clutch for the auxiliary rotary device or complementary.

Still according to the invention, the drum is carried by two lateral bearings; the engine and reducing means are fully housed in said drum, between these two bearings and this motorization is carried by one of said bearings.

According to another provision, the winch comprises an engine control device which is secured to one of the lateral bearings of the drum; this device is connected to the manipulator by a cable electric or, remotely, by a radio system or infrared.

According to a preferred embodiment, the reducing means consist of a reducing planetary with two outputs centered on the axis of the drum. One of these outputs is axial and the other consists of a crown attached to the drum.

According to another embodiment, the means reducers have a single axial outlet which extends outside the drum; this axial outlet carries an external clutch system capable of allowing its connection with said drum.

According to a particular embodiment, the axial outlet of the reducing means carries at least an additional drum provided with means for locking its rotation; a clutch system double carried by said axial outlet, is arranged to alternately allow the rotation of one or the other drum, independently.

According to another embodiment, the axial outlet of the reducing means is associated with a windlass gypsy to obtain a winch-windlass combination. A double clutch system is interposed on the axial outlet, between the drum and the gypsy, to allow alternately, the rotation of one or the other, independently.
According to a first embodiment, the axial outlet of the reducing means carries a pinion which meshes with a toothed wheel secured to the gypsy.
According to a second embodiment, the axial outlet of the reducing means directly attacks the gypsy, possibly via a complementary reduction system whose axis of rotation corresponds to that of the drum.

Still according to the invention, the double system clutch for selectively controlling the drum motorized winch or additional device (additional drum, windlass ...) comes under the shape of a double clavot keyed sliding on the output axis of the reducing means; this chuckle is maneuverable by appropriate means to cooperate, on both sides, with friends.

Still according to the invention, the end of the axis advantage of the reducing means is advantageously fitted with a keyed capstan doll.

The structure of the winch defined above occupies a significantly reduced volume compared to previous equipment; depending on the type of device, space saving can reach 30%.

• la figure 1 est un schéma fonctionnel d'un premier mode de réalisation du treuil d'amarrage selon l'invention, associé à une poupée de cabestan ;
• les figures 2, 3, 4 et 5 montrent, schématiquement, quatre types de réducteurs planétaires susceptibles d'être utilisés en association avec la motorisation du treuil ;
• la figure 6 est un schéma fonctionnel d'un autre mode de réalisation possible du treuil d'amarrage, du type à tambours multiples et poupée de cabestan;
• la figure 7 montre, toujours sous forme de schéma fonctionnel, un combiné treuil-guindeau conforme à la présente invention ;
• la figure 8 montre une autre possibilité de structure du treuil selon l'invention, avec un ensemble motoréducteur du type à sortie axiale unique ;
• la figure 9 est un schéma fonctionnel d'un dispositif dérivé de celui de la figure 8, du type à tambours multiples.

However, the invention will be further illustrated, without being in any way limited, by the following description of different possible embodiments, given solely by way of examples and represented in the appended drawings in which:

• Figure 1 is a block diagram of a first embodiment of the mooring winch according to the invention, associated with a capstan doll;
• Figures 2, 3, 4 and 5 show, schematically, four types of planetary reducers capable of being used in association with the motorization of the winch;
• Figure 6 is a block diagram of another possible embodiment of the mooring winch, of the multiple drum and capstan doll type;
• FIG. 7 shows, still in the form of a functional diagram, a combined winch-windlass according to the present invention;
• FIG. 8 shows another possible structure of the winch according to the invention, with a gearmotor assembly of the type with a single axial outlet;
• Figure 9 is a block diagram of a device derived from that of Figure 8, of the multiple drum type.

As shown in Figure 1, the winch 1 consists of a cylindrical drum 2 in barrel shape 3 bordered by two outer flanges 4.

The drum 2 is intended to receive cables or hawsers for mooring in port of ships and more generally floating devices. The drum 2 can also include an intermediate flange 4 'having a cutout allowing the cable to pass from one side constituting the reserve to the other side which allows you to work on the lower layers of the cable.

The drum 2 is guided in axial rotation by side bearings 5 and 6. It is also subject to a motorization 7 associated with reducing means speed 8; these gearmotor means 7 and 8 are housed in the body of the hollow barrel 3.

Motorization 7 consists of a motor electric, squirrel cage or wound rotor type, or in a hydraulic motor; she is supported by bearing 5. This motorization is associated with a brake disc brake type motor 9; she transmits her movement via motor shaft 10 to the speed reduction system 8, of the planetary type. The outer rings 12 of the reducer 8 are integral with the internal surface of the hollow barrel 3; the axis outlet 13 of the reducer is integral with the drum 2 by bearings or rings; this axis is carried by the bearing 6. The shaft 10 and the axis 13 are centered on the axis of the drum 2.

The engine brake 9 of the engine 7 is accessible from the outside; it is arranged in a sort of housing 14 integral with the bearing 5, which integrates the control system 15 of the winch motorization. This integrated control system can be controlled by an electric cable connected to the manipulator, or by radio see infrared system.

In a neighboring embodiment, the motor 7 can be fixed on the internal surface of the hollow barrel 3. In this case, it rotates with drum 2 and its feeding is carried out by means of rings manifolds for an electric motor, or at by means of a rotating manifold for a motorization hydraulic.

The planetary reducer 8 is chosen according to the desired reduction; it can be single or multi-story.
This reducer can advantageously be chosen from one or other of the types shown in FIGS. 2 to 5; it can also consist of a combination of these different types.

In each of Figures 2 to 5, we note the drive shaft 10, the drum 2 and the output shaft 13, connected by solar and satellites. All the toothed crowns constituting the means reducers 8 are preferably mobile. We thus avoid the presence of fixed internal crowns and dimensions of the bearing 5 can be minimized.

In FIG. 1, the planetary gear 8 is formed by the association of three subsets as shown in Figure 2. Note that the output train of these reducing means can in some cases be placed outside the barrel of the drum, in the box 16, to be less limited in dimensions, in particular.

In FIG. 1, we also note means 20 for locking the rotation of the drum 2, in the form of a braking band forming a parking brake. Similarly, these locking means can be in the form of a disc cooperating for example with collets.
In this FIG. 1, we also notice the clutch system 21 in the form of a chuck allowing the axis 13 to be secured or not with the bearing 6. This chuck 21, keyed sliding on the axis 13, perhaps of the type with notching cooperating with teeth mounted on the bearing.

According to this structure, the movement of the motor 7, reduced in speed by the reduction gear 8, is found substantially with the same speed value, on the drum 2 and / or on the output axis 13.
When the motor 7 is operating, these two parts 2 and 13 can rotate together, at the same speed if no obstacle blocks one or the other. In this case, however, they do not transmit any effort.

If the chopper 21 is engaged, the axis 13 is blocked on the bearing 6. The braking system 20 of the drum 2 is deactivated and said drum 2 can rotate to train cables or hawsers under stress.

If the braking system 20 of the drum 2 is activated and the output axis 13 is free to rotate (clabot 21 disengaged), then the axis 13 can rotate under effort. In this case, it is possible to train in rotation of an attached or complementary device by the end of the axis 13 which extends in door to false outside of drum 2, beyond the bearing 6.

As shown in Figure 1, this ancillary device maybe a capstan doll 25.

In FIG. 6, the axis 13 carries an additional drum 26. A double clutch system 27, of the double clavot keyed type sliding on the axis 13, is interposed between this drum 26 and the bearing 6. At its other end, the drum 26 is carried by an additional bearing 28. We also note the locking device 29 of the rotation of the drum 26, in the form of a braking band.
The double flap system 27 makes it possible to secure the axis 13 with the drum 26 to rotate the latter when the locking device 20 of the drum 2 is activated. On the other hand, this double flap 27 allows, in its second position, to secure the axis 13 with the drum 2 to allow rotation of the latter when the locking device 20 is deactivated. The choice of one or other of the positions is carried out by means of an appropriate control lever.

We can multiply the number of drums at will; at the end of axis 13, we can also provide a capstan doll 30.

Such an arrangement makes it possible to order multiple drums through one motorization. These drums spin at a speed identical and they are subjected to the same torque to allow the mooring of the ship in two places different with identical effort.

In FIG. 7, the axis 13 carries a device with double clutch 31 interposed between the bearing 6 and a pinion 32.

A capstan doll 33 is provided at the end of the axis 13 and the pinion 32 meshes with a toothed wheel 34 arranged to drive a gypsy 35. A combined winch-windlass is thus formed. This combined allows, with the same motorization, to moor the ship in port and raise anchor in the open sea.

The double clutch 31 has three positions controlled by fork and operating lever.

The pinion 32 is mounted idly on the axis 13.

In neutral position, axis 13 rotates and drives the capstan doll 33. The pinion 32 does not spin; gypsy 35 is stopped and blocked by a brake 36. The drum 2 is blocked by its means braking 20.

When the double chopper 31 engages the pinion 32, the axis 13 drives the sprocket 35 (the brake 36 must be in the released position and the brake 20 of the drum 2 should be tight).

When the double chopper 31 engages the bearing 6, the pinion 32 is crazy and it does not drive the gypsy 35; drum 2 turns if its means of blocking 20 are unlocked.

In a neighboring embodiment, the axis 13 can fit directly into the windlass gypsy to ensure its rotation. A double clutch system will be provided between the drum 2 and the gypsy for allow their selective rotation; depending on the case, we may also provide a reduction system complementary with a corresponding axis of rotation to that of axis 13.

In FIG. 8 another mode has been represented. possible realization of the mooring winch according to the invention whose barrel 3 incorporates means geared motors 7, 8 with a single axial output 13. The axis 13 extends outside the drum 2 and it carries a clutch system 40, of the keyed chop type sliding on axis 13, which cooperates with teeth 41 provided on the drum 2. Beyond the drum the axis 13 is carried by the bearing 6 and a capstan doll 42 can be keyed at its end.

The drum 2 is rotated when the chuck 40 is engaged on said drum and when the locking means 20 are deactivated. If the drum 2 is locked and the chuck 40 disengaged, only the doll 42 is rotated.

Again, as in the embodiments previous, the movement out of the reducing means 8 extends in two directions, one towards the drum 2 and the other to an additional rotary device, in in this case the capstan doll 42.

Figure 9 shows an embodiment of a device derived from that of FIG. 8, in which two drums and a capstan doll were planned. The winch 1 is identical to that of FIG. 7; beyond the bearing 6, the axis 13 carries the second drum 43 with its clutch system 44 keyed chop type sliding on axis 13. An additional bearing 45 carries the drum 43 and the end of the axis 13 is fitted with a capstan doll 46.

Also note the braking means 47, of strip or disc type, adapted to block at will the rotation of the drum 43.

Clutches 40, 44 and the devices braking 20 and 47 are used and operated suitably depending on the roller (s) 2, 43 that we want to rotate.

The structure of the winch according to the invention forms a compact and autonomous unit including a drum mooring with parking brake, means geared motors integrated in said drum and a motorization control system also integrated.

Claims (12)

1. A motorized winch designed for placement on the front and/or rear decks of a floating vessel, such as a boat, a rig, etc., to ensure their mooring to the harbour, notably, whereby the said winch consists of a drum (2) in the form of a barrel (3) whose axial rotation is controlled by a motorization (7) connected to reducing means (8), whereas the said reducing means (7, 8) are at least partially accommodated in the said barrel (3) of the drum (2) and the motion generated by the reducing means (8) goes in two directions, one towards the said drum (2) and the other towards an appended or complementary rotary device (25, 26, 30, 33, 35, 42, 43, 46) outside the said drum (2) via an axial output (13), characterised in that it comprises means (20) for locking the rotation of the drum (2), means which are independent of the motorization (7) and of the clutching means (21, 27, 31, 40, 44) on the axial output (13) which enable, in a first position, to drive the drum (2) thanks to the reducing means (7, 8), whereas the locking means (20) are deactivated and which enable, in a second position, to stop the rotation of the said drum (2) whereby the locking means (20) are actuated, while driving the appended or complementary rotary device (25, 26, 30, 33, 35, 42, 43, 46).
2. A motorized winch according to claim 1, characterised in that it comprises clutching means (21, 27, 31) capable of locking or not the rotation of the axial output (13) in order to allow selective driving, under load, either of the drum (2) or of the appended or complementary rotary device (25, 26, 30, 33, 35, 42, 43, 46).
3. A motorized winch according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterised in that the drum (2) is carried by lateral bearings (5, 6), whereas the motorization (7) and the reducing means (8) are integrally accommodated inside the said drum (2), between the said bearings (5, 6) and whereas the said motorization (7) is carried by one of the said bearings (5).
4. A motorized winch according to claim 3, characterised in that it comprises a device (15) for controlling the motorization (7), integral with one of the lateral bearings (5) and linked to the manipulator by an electric cable or remotely via a radio or infrared system.
5. A motorized winch according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the reducing means consist of a planetary reducer (8) fitted with two outputs (12, 13) centred on the axis of the drum (2), whereas one of the outputs (13) is axial and the other (12) consists of a crown fixed on the internal surface of the barrel (3) of the drum (2).
6. A motorized winch according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the reducing means (8) comprise an axial output (13) extending outside the drum (2), whereas the said output (13) comprises an external clutching system (40) capable of interconnecting the said output with the said drum (2).
7. A motorized winch according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the axial output (13) of the reducing means (8) carries at least one additional drum (26, 43) fitted with means to lock its rotation (29, 47), whereas a double clutching system (27; 40, 44) is provided to enable either drum to rotate, individually.
8. A motorized winch according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the axial output (13) of the reducing means (8) is connected to a windlass crawler (35) to form a winch/windlass assembly, whereas a double clutching system (31) is interposed on the said axle (13), between both devices (2, 35), a system so arranged as to enable either device to rotate, individually.
9. A motorized winch according to claim 8, characterised in that the axial output (13) of the reducing means (8) carries a pinion (32) engaging into a toothed wheel (14) integral with the crawler (35).
10. A motorized winch according to claim 8, characterised in that the axial output (13) of the reducing means (8) engages directly into the crawler, possibly via an additional reducing system whose axis of rotation matches that of the drum (2).
11. A motorized winch according to any one of claims 7 to 10, characterised in that the double clutching system (27, 31) is as a double keyed dog sliding on the output axle (13) of the reducing means (8), whereas the said dog is controllable by suitable means in order to cooperate with indents on either side.
12. A motorized winch according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the extremity of the output axle (13) of the reducing means (8) is fitted with a keyed capstan head (25, 30, 33, 42, 46).

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