EP0767236A1 - Modification de la friction d'huiles synthétiques pour engrenages - Google Patents

Modification de la friction d'huiles synthétiques pour engrenages Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0767236A1
EP0767236A1 EP96300983A EP96300983A EP0767236A1 EP 0767236 A1 EP0767236 A1 EP 0767236A1 EP 96300983 A EP96300983 A EP 96300983A EP 96300983 A EP96300983 A EP 96300983A EP 0767236 A1 EP0767236 A1 EP 0767236A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
oil
lubricant
metal
phenate
sulphur
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Application number
EP96300983A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0767236B1 (fr
Inventor
Julia C. Poat
David K. Walters
Ian Macpherson
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Afton Chemical Ltd
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Afton Chemical Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C10M169/042—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being compounds of unknown or incompletely defined constitution only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
    • C10M101/02—Petroleum fractions
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    • C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
    • C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
    • C10M105/32—Esters
    • C10M105/36—Esters of polycarboxylic acids
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    • C10M107/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound
    • C10M107/02—Hydrocarbon polymers; Hydrocarbon polymers modified by oxidation
    • C10M107/10—Hydrocarbon polymers; Hydrocarbon polymers modified by oxidation containing aliphatic monomer having more than 4 carbon atoms
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    • C10M159/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
    • C10M159/12—Reaction products
    • C10M159/20—Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products
    • C10M159/22—Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products containing phenol radicals
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    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/1006—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen used as base material
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    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
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    • C10M2203/106—Naphthenic fractions
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    • C10M2205/0285—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms used as base material
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    • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2207/028—Overbased salts thereof
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    • C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
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    • C10N2040/046—Oil-bath; Gear-boxes; Automatic transmissions; Traction drives for traction drives

Definitions

  • This invention relates to improving the frictional characteristics of gear oils in which the base oil is, or contains a substantial quantity of a synthetic poly-alpha-olefin oil (PAO).
  • PAO poly-alpha-olefin oil
  • PAOs possess good thermal stability and viscometric properties.
  • This negative aspect of such synthetic based gear oils is readily observed as low friction and noisy gear change in the Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen A.G. synchronizer test (described and referred to hereinafter as the "ZF Synchronizer test").
  • the additives used pursuant to this invention are overbased alkaline earth metal salts of oil-soluble sulfurized phenols or oil-soluble salicylic acids.
  • the metals of such salts preferably are those which have low toxicity and which present little or no concern from the environmental standpoint, namely, magnesium and calcium.
  • the overbased barium and strontium salts can be used, if desired.
  • a lubricant having a kinematic viscosity at 100°C in the range of 4 to 32 mm 2 .s -1 (cSt), and preferably in the range of 8 to 20 mm 2 .s -1 (cSt), and comprising:
  • the base oil of the above gear lubricant is composed of (i) at least 40%, and more preferably least 50%, by weight of hydrogenated poly-alpha-olefin oil; (ii) 5 to 25% by weight of synthetic ester oil, and (iii) 0 to 55%, and more preferably 0 to 50% by weight of mineral oil.
  • the mineral oil is an optional component of the base oil.
  • Additional embodiments comprise use of the above lubricants in manual transmissions of the synchronizer type to improve the performance of the transmission during operation under service conditions.
  • the lubricants can also be used to lubricate the axle or differential gearing system of the vehicle.
  • the finished lubricant In satisfying or exceeding the specification for API GL-4 service, the finished lubricant satisfies the requirements for other performance specifications such as API GL-5, and including specifications not yet in being (or even envisioned) such as MT-1, PG2, API GL-7, and MIL-L-2105E or specifications of other countries such as comparable JIS gear oil standards, or the like.
  • the specifications of API GL-4 are to be considered minimum performance levels which the gear oil additive package (b) imparts to the finished lubricant.
  • an additive package that provides a lubricant which satisfies the API GL-7 requirements inherently satisfies the minimum performance requirements for use in the practice of this invention, whether or not the package has actually been subjected to the API GL-4 performance tests.
  • Another embodiment of this invention comprises the use of at least one overbased alkaline earth metal sulfurized phenate or salicylate in a gear lubricant composed of components a) and b) above -- especially a manual transmission lubricant for use in vehicles equipped with manual transmissions of the synchronizer type -- to improve the frictional properties of the lubricant without materially affecting the other performance capabilities of the finished lubricant, wherein, as described above, the lubricant is essentially free of any metal additive component other than the overbased phenate or salicylate, and has a boron content, if any, of not more than 1,000 ppm, preferably not more than 300 ppm, and most preferably not more than 25 ppm.
  • Still another embodiment is a gear oil additive package which comprises (1) an oil-soluble phosphorus and sulfur-containing antiwear and/or extreme pressure additive complement and (2) at least one overbased alkaline earth metal sulfurized phenate or salicylate; said gear oil additive package being further characterized in that when blended with a base oil having a kinematic viscosity in the range of 4 to 32 cSt at 100°C and composed of a base oil as described above to form a lubricant containing from about 0.01 to about 2 wt % of said phenate or salicylate, the gear oil additive package provides a lubricant composition that:
  • a gear oil additive package (concentrate) or gear lubricant of this invention additionally contains at least one oil-soluble basic nitrogen-containing ashless dispersant, preferably a succinimide ashless dispersant and/or a succinic ester-amide ashless dispersant, and more preferably a Mannich base ashless dispersant.
  • the oil-soluble phosphorus and sulfur-containing antiwear and/or extreme pressure additive complement of such compositions is preferably composed of (1) at least one oil-soluble metal-free sulphur-containing antiwear and/or extreme pressure agent in which the sulfur is bonded to carbon or to more sulfur, and (2) at least one oil-soluble metal-free phosphorus-containing antiwear and/or extreme pressure agent.
  • the dispersant and the metal-free sulphur-containing antiwear and/or extreme pressure agent are proportioned such that the mass ratio (wt/wt) of nitrogen in the dispersant to sulphur in the sulphur-containing antiwear and/or extreme pressure agent is in the range of about 0.0005:1 to about 0.5:1, and preferably in the range of about 0.003:1 to about 0.2:1.
  • the dispersant and the metal-free phosphorus-containing antiwear and/or extreme pressure agent are proportioned such that the mass ratio (wt/wt) of nitrogen in the dispersant to phosphorus in the metal-free phosphorus-containing antiwear and/or extreme pressure agent is in the range of about 0.005:1 to about 5:1, and preferably in the range of about 0.01:1 to about 2:1.
  • the gear oil additive package (concentrate) or gear lubricant preferably has a boron content such that the finished lubricant contains by weight up to 1,000 ppm, preferably up to 300 ppm, and most preferably not more than 25 ppm of boron.
  • One preferred way of introducing at least a portion of such boron is to provide additive packages and finished lubricants compositions containing a borated basic nitrogen-containing ashless dispersant.
  • any of the above additive concentrates and finished lubricant compositions further comprise at least one oil-soluble demulsifying agent.
  • the lubricant compositions of this invention have a halogen content, if any, of no more than 100 ppm, and more preferably no more than 50 ppm on a weight basis.
  • Still another aspect of this invention is the method of beneficially modifying the frictional characteristics of a low-friction synthetic lubricant composition containing a gear oil additive package such that the lubricant composition satisfies or exceeds the specifications for API GL-4service, but does not exhibit satisfactory friction properties for use in manual transmissions, particularly those of the synchronizer type.
  • the method comprises including in such lubricant composition an amount in the range of about 0.01 to about 2 wt % based on the total weight of the lubricant of at least overbased sulfurized phenate or salicylate such that the friction properties of the lubricant are improved for use in manual transmissions, particularly those of the synchronizer type.
  • the overbased metal phenate or salicylate can be employed as a separate component (e.g., as a "top-treat" to the base oil with which the additive package has been or will be blended) or as a component of the additive package itself.
  • a separate component e.g., as a "top-treat" to the base oil with which the additive package has been or will be blended
  • a component of the additive package itself e.g., as a "top-treat" to the base oil with which the additive package has been or will be blended
  • additive packages it is possible to blend the overbased metal sulfurized phenate and/or salicylate and the respective components of the additive package into the base oil individually or in various compatible sub-combinations.
  • poly-alpha-olefin oils are formed by oligomerization or co-oligomerization of 1-alkene hydrocarbon having 6 to 20 and preferably 8 to 16 carbon atoms in the molecule and hydrogenation of the resultant oligomer.
  • a suitable poly-alpha-olefin oils can be co-oligomers of a short chain 1-olefin such as ethylene and one or more longer chain alpha-olefins, such as for example the product available from Mitsui Petrochemical Company, Ltd. under the LUCANT trademark.
  • Hydrogenated poly-alpha-olefin oils formed from 1-decene are particularly preferred. Methods for the production of liquid 1-alkene hydrocarbon oils are known and reported in the literature. See for example U. S. Pat. Nos. 3,763,244; 3,780,128; 4,172,855; 4,218,330; and 4,950,822.
  • Synthetic ester oils are available in the marketplace.
  • Typical synthetic ester oils include such materials as the esters of dicarboxylic acids (e.g., phthalic acid, succinic acid, maleic acid, azelaic acid, suberic acid, sebacic acid, fumaric acid, adipic acid, linoleic acid dimer) with a variety of alcohols (e.g., butyl alcohol, hexyl alcohol, dodecyl alcohol, 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, ethylene glycol).
  • dicarboxylic acids e.g., phthalic acid, succinic acid, maleic acid, azelaic acid, suberic acid, sebacic acid, fumaric acid, adipic acid, linoleic acid dimer
  • alcohols e.g., butyl alcohol, hexyl alcohol, dodecyl alcohol, 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, ethylene glycol.
  • esters include dibutyl adipate, di(1-ethylpropyl) adipate, di(1,3-dimethylbutyl) adipate, di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate, didodecyl adipate, di(tridecyl) adipate, di(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate, dilauryl sebacate, di-n-hexyl fumarate, dioctyl sebacate, di(1-methylpropyl) azelate, diisooctyl azelate, diisodecyl azelate, dioctyl phthalate, didecyl phthalate, mixed C 9 and C 11 dialkyl phthalate, dibutyl sebacate, di(1-ethylpropyl) sebacate, di(eicosyl) sebacate, the 2-ethylhexyl die
  • synthetic esters which may be used as synthetic oils include those made from C 3 -C 12 monocarboxylic acids and polyols and polyol ethers such as neopentyl glycol, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol and dipentaerythritol. Trimethylol propane tripelargonate and pentaerythritol tetracaproate serve as examples.
  • the base oils may contain as optional blending components a mineral oil or other suitable oleaginous liquid of lubricating viscosity, provided the overall base lubricant satisfies the proportions and viscosity parameters given above, and is suitable for use in forming a finished gear lubricant that satisfies or exceeds the specifications for API GL-4 service, and provided further that the resultant finished oil remains amenable to friction improvement pursuant to this invention.
  • Suitable mineral oils include those of appropriate viscosity refined from crude oil of any source including Gulf Coast, Midcontinent, Pennsylvania, California, Alaska, Middle East, North Sea and the like. Standard refinery operations may be used in processing the mineral oil.
  • oils useful in the compositions of this invention are solvent neutrals, bright stocks, cylinder stocks, residual oils, hydrocracked base stocks, hydrotreated oils, partially hydrotreated oils, paraffin oils including pale oils, and solvent extracted naphthenic oils. Such oils and blends of them are produced by a number of conventional techniques known to those skilled in the art. Suitable reprocessed or reclaimed mineral oil base stocks may also be used. Most gear oil packages contain diluent oils or solvents for certain active ingredients or components.
  • Overbased alkaline earth metal sulfurized phenates are also known as overbased alkaline earth metal phenol sulfides. These materials as well as overbased alkaline earth metal salicylates are available as articles of commerce. Of the overbased alkaline earth phenates and salicylates, the magnesium compounds are a preferred group. The most preferred however are the overbased calcium phenates and salicylates. As between overbased phenates and overbased salicylates, the phenates are preferred. As is known, these overbased materials contain more than a stoichiometric amount of the metal. Methods for producing such materials have been reported in the patent literature.
  • TBN total base number
  • Quantities ranging from as little as 0.01 wt% up to as much as 2 wt% of the overbased metal phenate or salicylate (or combination thereof) based on the total weight of the finished lubricant can be employed. Ordinarily the amount used will not be greatly in excess of that amount needed to yield the friction performance desired in the particular finished gear oil lubricant in question. In most cases the amount will not be above 1 wt%, and often will not exceed 0.5 wt%. In the case of the friction-improved additive packages of this invention, the amount will be proportioned such that when the package is blended into the base oil at the recommended, or desired concentration, the resultant finished oil will contain the above-specified amount of the overbased phenate or salicylate.
  • overbased metal phenate or salicylate are based on the active ingredient, and thus the weight of any solvent or diluent associated with the overbased phenate or salicylate as used should be subtracted from the additive weight when calculating the concentration of the overbased metal phenate or salicylate in the finished oil or in the friction-improved additive package.
  • the total weight of the finished oil or of the completed additive package will include the weight of such solvent or diluent.
  • API GL-4 and API GL-5 service are published in ASTM Publication STP-512A entitled “Laboratory Performance Tests for Automotive Gear Lubricants” (March 1987).
  • a number of gear oil additive packages that provide API GL-4 or API GL-5 performance are available in the marketplace. They generally contain at least a sulfur-phosphorus antiwear or extreme pressure additive system, one or more antioxidants, one or more corrosion inhibitors, and an antifoam additive and may, preferably do, contain a dispersant additive.
  • the ZF Synchronizer test has been designed for the evaluation of oil performance in commercially available synchromesh units under endurance conditions with the bulk lubricant temperature controlled at a relatively high level. While it is important to simulate fairly closely the actual conditions met in service, the need to produce a test result in an acceptable period has to be taken into account. Briefly, two halves of a transmission synchromesh unit are repeatedly brought together under conditions of known force and speed differential until failure occurs. Failure may be defined in terms of synchromesh performance or overall wear.
  • the test rig used in the procedure was designed with consideration of work done by Socin and Walters, SAE Paper Number 680008 entitled “Manual Transmission Synchronizers”; Fano, CEC TLPG4 Chairman's Final Report, 1985, entitled “Synchromesh Test Method With Proposed Synchro Test Rig”; and Brugen, Thies and Naurian of Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen A.G. in a paper entitled “Einhne Des Schmierstoffes auf die Kunststoffmaschine Vonffygetrieben”.
  • the two synchromesh units are assembled in a gear box which forms the oil reservoir and facilitates splash lubrication of components. Drive may be transmitted along the main shaft or via the layshaft gears to give an increased ratio.
  • the input speed is kept constant by means of a DC drive control system and a large flywheel simulating vehicle inertia.
  • the output shaft accelerates and decelerates the small flywheel which simulates clutch inertia.
  • a pivot linkage connected to a pneumatic cylinder provides the actuating force which is measured by means of a load ring strain gauge.
  • a small heater is used to control oil temperature.
  • Torque transmitted through the output shaft can be measured to give an indication of the coefficient of friction between the synchronizing cones.
  • the synchromesh units used are standard commercially available steel units with a molybdenum-based plasma spray coating on the inner surface of the outer synchro-ring. The synchromesh units are renewed before each test. Typically, when measured at a point of relatively high torque during a gear change, the coefficient of friction for satisfactory synchronizer performance in the test is at least 0.065.
  • Another performance criterion which may be used when performing the test for qualification purposes is excessive vibration of the gear box casing in the axial plane, a condition symptomatic of poor gear changes.
  • the control and monitoring of the rig is coordinated by a process controller. During a test the number of poor changes is recorded. The test is terminated prematurely if this number becomes unacceptable or the vibration becomes excessively harsh.
  • Test components may be evaluated by inspecting the friction surface of the inner synchronizer cone using a Perthometer stylus device both before and after test. Polishing of the metal surface or the build up of a glaze of decomposed lubricant or additive yields an unacceptably smooth surface finish. This in turn causes low frictional values during the gear change and can lead to clash of the sleeve and gear clutch teeth. Wear measurements are also made on the test components.
  • the composition of this invention contained 0.5% (approximately 0.3% on an active ingredient basis) of an overbased calcium sulfurized alkyl phenate having a nominal TBN of 250 (“Phenate”), whereas the control contained no such component.
  • the base oils were fully synthetic oil blends of two PAO fluids having nominal viscosities at 100°C of 8 and 40 cSt (mm 2 .s -1 ), and a synthetic ester, namely bis(tridecyl)-adipate ("DTDA").
  • Each lubricant contained the same quantity of the same metal-free and boron-free API GL-4 additive package (HiTEC 381, available from Ethyl Corporation).
  • the proportions of these components are summarised in the following table: Components Control Composition, % Invention Composition, % PAO, 8 mm 2 .s -1 70.25 69.75 PAO, 40 mm 2 .s -1 16.00 16.00 DTDA 10.00 10.00 API GL-4 Package 3.75 3.75 Phenate None 0.50
  • the control composition had a kinematic viscosity at 100°C of 9.53mm 2 .s -1 .
  • the composition of the invention had a kinematic viscosity at 100°C of 9.55mm 2 .s -1 .
  • control composition was able to complete only 792 cycles in the test.
  • the test had to be shut down at that point because very harsh bad gear changes had occurred and the coefficient of friction had already fallen to below 0.05.
  • the composition of this invention successfully completed 50,000 cycles, and during the entire test the coefficient of friction remained consistently above 0.065.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
EP96300983A 1995-10-04 1996-02-13 Modification de la friction d'huiles synthétiques pour engrenages Expired - Lifetime EP0767236B1 (fr)

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GBGB9520295.8A GB9520295D0 (en) 1995-10-04 1995-10-04 Friction modification of synthetic gear oils
GB9520295 1995-10-04

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0884378A3 (fr) * 1997-06-12 1998-12-16 Tonen Corporation Composé modificateur de friction et composition à base d'huile lubrifiante le contenant
EP0884379B1 (fr) * 1997-06-12 2001-04-25 Tonen Corporation Procédé de réduction de la friction des huiles lubrifiantes en utilisant des phénates métalliques.
US6303548B2 (en) * 1998-12-11 2001-10-16 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Partly synthetic multigrade crankcase lubricant
WO2007012969A1 (fr) * 2005-07-29 2007-02-01 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Composition d'huile pour engrenages
US7316793B2 (en) * 2000-02-25 2008-01-08 Fabio Gozzi Formulation of a liquid composition to form an electrical insulator, an antioxidant or a degreaser
WO2011034829A1 (fr) 2009-09-16 2011-03-24 The Lubrizol Corporation Composition lubrifiante contenant un ester
US8669215B2 (en) 2008-12-05 2014-03-11 Croda International Plc Gear oil additive
WO2014184068A1 (fr) 2013-05-14 2014-11-20 Basf Se Composition d'huile lubrifiante à rendement énergétique amélioré
KR20150139356A (ko) * 2014-06-03 2015-12-11 에스케이이노베이션 주식회사 자동변속기용 윤활유 조성물
WO2019047035A1 (fr) * 2017-09-05 2019-03-14 戴文凤 Huile pour engrenages hypoïdes de type fraction
US20200032159A1 (en) * 2013-10-18 2020-01-30 Jxtg Nippon Oil & Energy Corporation Lubricating oil composition

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012066575A1 (fr) 2010-11-19 2012-05-24 Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. Boîte d'engrenages haute performance avec intervalle entre vidanges amélioré pour véhicules commerciaux utilitaires lourds et procédé pour produire celle-ci

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WO1987005927A2 (fr) * 1986-04-04 1987-10-08 The Lubrizol Corporation Composition lubrifiante
US5089156A (en) * 1990-10-10 1992-02-18 Ethyl Petroleum Additives, Inc. Ashless or low-ash synthetic base compositions and additives therefor
EP0501527A1 (fr) * 1987-01-30 1992-09-02 The Lubrizol Corporation Composition d'huile lubrifiante pour engrenages
EP0531585A1 (fr) * 1991-09-09 1993-03-17 Ethyl Petroleum Additives Limited Concentrés d'additifs pour huile et lubrifiants aux performances améliorées
US5250122A (en) * 1991-10-18 1993-10-05 Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. Heat treating oil composition
EP0578435A1 (fr) * 1992-07-09 1994-01-12 Ethyl Petroleum Additives Limited Modification de la friction d'huiles synthétiques pour engrenages
EP0620268A1 (fr) * 1993-03-16 1994-10-19 Ethyl Petroleum Additives Limited Huiles lubrifiantes pour engrenage aux propriétés antifrictionaméliorées

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WO1987005927A2 (fr) * 1986-04-04 1987-10-08 The Lubrizol Corporation Composition lubrifiante
EP0501527A1 (fr) * 1987-01-30 1992-09-02 The Lubrizol Corporation Composition d'huile lubrifiante pour engrenages
US5089156A (en) * 1990-10-10 1992-02-18 Ethyl Petroleum Additives, Inc. Ashless or low-ash synthetic base compositions and additives therefor
EP0531585A1 (fr) * 1991-09-09 1993-03-17 Ethyl Petroleum Additives Limited Concentrés d'additifs pour huile et lubrifiants aux performances améliorées
US5250122A (en) * 1991-10-18 1993-10-05 Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd. Heat treating oil composition
EP0578435A1 (fr) * 1992-07-09 1994-01-12 Ethyl Petroleum Additives Limited Modification de la friction d'huiles synthétiques pour engrenages
EP0620268A1 (fr) * 1993-03-16 1994-10-19 Ethyl Petroleum Additives Limited Huiles lubrifiantes pour engrenage aux propriétés antifrictionaméliorées

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0884378A2 (fr) * 1997-06-12 1998-12-16 Tonen Corporation Composé modificateur de friction et composition à base d'huile lubrifiante le contenant
EP0884379B1 (fr) * 1997-06-12 2001-04-25 Tonen Corporation Procédé de réduction de la friction des huiles lubrifiantes en utilisant des phénates métalliques.
EP0884378A3 (fr) * 1997-06-12 1998-12-16 Tonen Corporation Composé modificateur de friction et composition à base d'huile lubrifiante le contenant
US6303548B2 (en) * 1998-12-11 2001-10-16 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Partly synthetic multigrade crankcase lubricant
US7316793B2 (en) * 2000-02-25 2008-01-08 Fabio Gozzi Formulation of a liquid composition to form an electrical insulator, an antioxidant or a degreaser
CN101233218A (zh) * 2005-07-29 2008-07-30 丰田自动车株式会社 齿轮油组合物
JP2007039480A (ja) * 2005-07-29 2007-02-15 Tonengeneral Sekiyu Kk ギヤ油組成物
EP1752520A1 (fr) * 2005-07-29 2007-02-14 TonenGeneral Sekiyu Kabushiki Kaisha Compositions d'huile pour engrenages
WO2007012969A1 (fr) * 2005-07-29 2007-02-01 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Composition d'huile pour engrenages
CN104498140A (zh) * 2005-07-29 2015-04-08 丰田自动车株式会社 齿轮油组合物
US8669215B2 (en) 2008-12-05 2014-03-11 Croda International Plc Gear oil additive
WO2011034829A1 (fr) 2009-09-16 2011-03-24 The Lubrizol Corporation Composition lubrifiante contenant un ester
WO2014184068A1 (fr) 2013-05-14 2014-11-20 Basf Se Composition d'huile lubrifiante à rendement énergétique amélioré
US9708561B2 (en) 2013-05-14 2017-07-18 Basf Se Lubricating oil composition with enhanced energy efficiency
US20200032159A1 (en) * 2013-10-18 2020-01-30 Jxtg Nippon Oil & Energy Corporation Lubricating oil composition
KR20150139356A (ko) * 2014-06-03 2015-12-11 에스케이이노베이션 주식회사 자동변속기용 윤활유 조성물
WO2019047035A1 (fr) * 2017-09-05 2019-03-14 戴文凤 Huile pour engrenages hypoïdes de type fraction

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GB9520295D0 (en) 1995-12-06
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DE69613528T2 (de) 2002-04-18
EP0767236B1 (fr) 2001-06-27

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