EP0765428B1 - Pipe cutter - Google Patents
Pipe cutter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0765428B1 EP0765428B1 EP95922631A EP95922631A EP0765428B1 EP 0765428 B1 EP0765428 B1 EP 0765428B1 EP 95922631 A EP95922631 A EP 95922631A EP 95922631 A EP95922631 A EP 95922631A EP 0765428 B1 EP0765428 B1 EP 0765428B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- knives
- sleeve
- biasing
- biasing means
- storage position
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005552 hardfacing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B29/00—Cutting or destroying pipes, packers, plugs or wire lines, located in boreholes or wells, e.g. cutting of damaged pipes, of windows; Deforming of pipes in boreholes or wells; Reconditioning of well casings while in the ground
- E21B29/002—Cutting, e.g. milling, a pipe with a cutter rotating along the circumference of the pipe
- E21B29/005—Cutting, e.g. milling, a pipe with a cutter rotating along the circumference of the pipe with a radially-expansible cutter rotating inside the pipe, e.g. for cutting an annular window
Definitions
- This invention relates to a pipe cutter, and more particularly to a pipe cutter suitable for cutting the casing of a well bore or the like.
- pipe cutting tools for cutting the casing of a well bore, for example an oil or gas well bore, is well known.
- Such tools typically comprise a body which is run into the casing on a pipe string so that the body can be rotated by the pipe string.
- a multiplicity of knives are provided on the body and means are provided for forcing the knives outwardly into engagement with the casing as the tool is rotated to effect a cut radially outwardly through the casing.
- the power means is a hydraulic piston which applies an appropriate force to the knives under the influence of fluid pressure within the drill string.
- US-A-3073389 proposes a pipe cutter in which a return spring is used to bias the knives into a retracted position in which they lie wholly within pockets in the tool.
- the return member which acts on the knives to return them to the pockets, and the piston which is used to drive the knives out of the pockets are part of an integral structure.
- a disadvantage of this arrangement is that the groove provided in the piston structure for accommodating the inwardly extending fingers of the knives must, of necessity, be oversize relative to the knives so that in certain configurations of the tool, for example as illustrated in Figure 2 of US-A-3073389 the position of the knives is not completely controlled by the combination of the piston and spring. It would be appreciated that with the components in the configuration of Figure 2 of US-A-3073389 a downward loading on the tool string will cause the blades to flip up to a position in which they extend upwardly from their respective pivot axes. This can result in jamming of the blades.
- the biasing means which applies a bias force to the knives tending to return them to their storage configuration includes a first sleeve, the upper end of which engages the first cam faces of each knife.
- the operating means includes a second sleeve the lower end of which engages the second cam face of each knife.
- the first and second sleeves are separate members the opposite ends of which are spaced apart by the portions of the knives defining the cam faces. This arrangement not only provides better control for the position of the knives, but also allows the axial zone of the tool which, in the case of US-A-3073389 is occupied by a portion which connects the piston to the return member, to be used for fluid flow.
- the biasing means comprises a biasing spring.
- a single biasing spring acts to spring bias all the knives into the storage configuration.
- the biasing spring acts on the knives via a first sleeve which is slidably mounted within the bore of the body.
- the first sleeve is biased longitudinally of the tool by the biasing spring and engages a first cam face on each knife to exert a force on the knife tending to rotate the knife into the storage configuration.
- the first sleeve preferably includes a longitudinal bore which is open to allow fluid flow through the first sleeve.
- means are provided to maintain the biasing means in a pre-stressed condition whilst one or more knives is removed from the tool.
- the knives may be changed without disassembling the biasing means.
- means are provided for maintaining the biasing means in a pre-loaded condition in which the biasing means do not apply any force to the knives. Such an arrangement particularly facilitates changing of the knives.
- the means for maintaining the biasing means in a pre-loaded condition comprises one or more stop members which may be selectively positioned to prevent movement of the sleeve beyond a predetermined position in the direction of relaxation of the biasing means.
- the knives force may be applied to the second sleeve to bias the knives out of their storage configuration and compress the spring of the biasing means.
- the or each stop may then be positioned and the force previously applied to the second sleeve may be relieved to allow the first sleeve to move into engagement with the stops. This configuration will occur before the knives have been fully retracted. Accordingly, with the first sleeve held by the stop means the knives may readily be removed and replaced.
- FIG. 1 and 2 there is shown a pipe cutting tool 1 suitable for use downhole to cut the casing of a well bore.
- the tool will, in general, have screw-threaded connections at the upper and lower ends thereof enabling connection of the tool to other components of a drill string. In the interests of clarity, these connections have been omitted from Figures 1 and 2.
- the tool 1 comprises a body 2 having a multiplicity of slots 3 each of which houses a knife 4 which is pivotally connected to the body 2 by means of a pivot pin 5.
- the tool 1 may incorporate three knives 4 but other arrangements are possible.
- the knife 4 illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 has been broken away to illustrate a feature of the design which would otherwise be obscured by the blade 4. It should be appreciated, however, that the blades 4 are unitary structures typically comprising a body of steel having a hard facing of, for example, tungsten carbide so as to increase the cutting efficiency and prolong the service life of the knives.
- An operating piston 6 is, in conventional manner, mounted within the body and is movable in response to fluid pressure within the drill string above the tool 1 to apply a downward force onto a sleeve 6A which is slidably mounted in the tool and the lower face of which engages cam faces on the upper ends 7 of the knives 4.
- This downward force produces a couple about the pivot pin 5 of each knife to rotate the knife anti-clockwise to bring the free end of the knives into engagement with the casing to be cut.
- the tool is rotated to effect cutting of the casing whilst continued pressure on the ends 7 by the sleeve 6A maintains the knives in cutting engagement with the casing.
- Suitable means may be provided for indicating when the knives 4 are at their outermost position, thereby indicating that the cutting of the casing has been completed.
- biasing means are adapted to apply a force to a cam surface 8 of each knife 4 thereby producing a couple on the knife directed clockwise about the pivot pin 5.
- the biasing means comprises a sleeve 9 slidably mounted within the bore 10 of the tool and a biasing spring 11 which acts between a shoulder 12 provided in the tool bore and the lower end 13 of the sleeve 9. As illustrated in Figure 1 the blade 4 is in the storage position and is so maintained by the force applied by the upper end surface 14 of the sleeve 9 on the cam surface 8 of the knife.
- suitable means are provided for preventing rotation of the sleeve 9 relative to the body 1.
- Such means may conveniently comprise a slot 15 provided in the body for receipt of a suitable key provided on the sleeve 9.
- axial movement of the sleeve 9 is limited by a key 16 which is located in a bore 17 provided in the body and retained in position by a screw 18.
- the lower surface of the key 16 is close to but spaced from the lower edge 19 of a groove 20 machined in the outer surface of the sleeve 9.
- the key 16 does not in this configuration limit upward movement of the sleeve 9 (as viewed in Figure 1), but rather upward movement of the sleeve is limited by the engagement of the sleeve surface 14 with the cam surface 8.
- the tool 1 is run into a well on a tubing string and, when at the correct level, the tubing string is rotated and pressurized to drive the piston 6 and sleeve 6A downwardly and thereby pivot the knives 4 outwardly into engagement with the casing wall.
- pressure within the tubing string is allowed to decay and the force applied to the knives by the biasing spring 11 will overcome the force applied by the piston 6 resulting in rotation of the knives into the storage configuration illustrated.
- a separate return spring may be provided for returning the piston 6 to its initial configuration. It will be understood, however, that the provision of a return spring for the piston 6 alone is not sufficient to return the knives 4 to the storage configuration illustrated for the reasons set out above. It will be noted, however, that even in the absence of a piston return spring the surfaces 7 of the knives, acting via the lower surface of the sleeve 6A, will return the piston to its initial position as the knives themselves are returned to their initial position by the biasing means.
- the spring 11 is first run into the bore 10 until it seats on the shoulder 12 and thereafter the sleeve 9 is inserted through the bore from above so that the end of the sleeve 13 contacts the spring 11 and the key provided on the sleeve engages the slot 15 provided in the body. Thereafter, force is applied by suitable means to the upper end of the sleeve to compress the sleeve sufficiently to enable a stop member such as a full diameter key 16A to be inserted through the bore 17 and temporarily locked in position by means of the screw 18 (Fig 2). The means compressing the spring 11 are then released to bring the shoulder 19 of the groove 20 into contact with the key 16A.
- the piston 6 and sleeve 6A may be integral.
- a service tool 21 comprises a sleeve 22 which, in the use position illustrated in Figure 3, is screw-threadedly engaged with the screw-threads 23 provided on the upper end of the body 2.
- a jack 24 is in turn in screw-threaded engagement with threads 25 provided on the interior bore of the sleeve 22.
- the service tool 21 may be used to facilitate compression of the spring 11 thereby allowing the key 16A to be reinserted in the bore 17 whereupon the jack may be released to return the components to the configuration illustrated in Figure 2 thereby enabling ready replacement of the knives.
Landscapes
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Knives (AREA)
- Drilling Tools (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
- Drilling And Boring (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (6)
- A pipe cutter (1) for cutting the casing of a well bore comprising: a body (2); a plurality of knives (4) pivotally mounted on the body and each rotatable between a storage position in which the knife does not extend radially outwardly of the body (2) and a use position in which the knife extends radially outwardly of the body (2) to engage a pipe to be cut; operating means (6,6A) selectively operable to move the knives (4) from the storage position to the use position; and biasing means (9,11) biasing the knives into the storage position whereby when said operating means is not in use the blades adopt the storage position under the influence of the biasing means, characterised in that the biasing means includes a first sleeve (9) the upper end of which engages first cam faces (8) of each knife and the operating means includes a second sleeve (6A) the lower end of which engages second cam faces of each knife, the first and second sleeves being separate members with the opposing ends of the first and second sleeves spaced apart by the portions of the knives defining the cam faces.
- A pipe cutter according to claim 1 wherein the biasing means comprises a single biasing spring (11) which acts on the first sleeve (9) to spring bias all the knives into the storage position.
- A pipe cutter according to claim 3 wherein the first sleeve (9) includes a longitudinal bore which is open to allow fluid flow through the first sleeve.
- A pipe cutter according to any preceding claim wherein the second sleeve (6A) includes a longitudinal bore which is open to allow fluid flow through the second sleeve.
- A pipe cutter according to any preceding claim including means for maintaining the biasing mean (9, 11) in a prestressed condition whilst one or more knives (4) is removed from the tool.
- A pipe cutter according to claim 5 wherein the means for maintaining the biasing means in a pre-stressed condition comprises one or more stop member (16A) which may be selectively positioned to prevent movement of the sleeve beyond a predetermined position in the direction of relaxation of the biasing means (9, 11).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB9412408A GB9412408D0 (en) | 1994-06-21 | 1994-06-21 | Pipe cutter |
GB9412408 | 1994-06-21 | ||
PCT/GB1995/001457 WO1995035429A1 (en) | 1994-06-21 | 1995-06-21 | Pipe cutter |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0765428A1 EP0765428A1 (en) | 1997-04-02 |
EP0765428B1 true EP0765428B1 (en) | 1998-09-09 |
Family
ID=10757063
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95922631A Expired - Lifetime EP0765428B1 (en) | 1994-06-21 | 1995-06-21 | Pipe cutter |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0765428B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE170950T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2745995A (en) |
DE (1) | DE69504669D1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB9412408D0 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1995035429A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2010065994A1 (en) * | 2008-12-08 | 2010-06-17 | Well Ops Sea Pty Ltd | Subsea severing of stringer casings |
US9353589B2 (en) | 2011-01-21 | 2016-05-31 | Smith International, Inc. | Multi-cycle pipe cutter and related methods |
US8602101B2 (en) | 2011-01-21 | 2013-12-10 | Smith International, Inc. | Multi-cycle pipe cutter and related methods |
US11719089B2 (en) | 2020-07-15 | 2023-08-08 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Analysis of drilling slurry solids by image processing |
US11506044B2 (en) | 2020-07-23 | 2022-11-22 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Automatic analysis of drill string dynamics |
US11396789B2 (en) | 2020-07-28 | 2022-07-26 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Isolating a wellbore with a wellbore isolation system |
US11492862B2 (en) | 2020-09-02 | 2022-11-08 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Cutting pipes in wellbores using downhole autonomous cutting tools |
US11867008B2 (en) | 2020-11-05 | 2024-01-09 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | System and methods for the measurement of drilling mud flow in real-time |
US11434714B2 (en) | 2021-01-04 | 2022-09-06 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Adjustable seal for sealing a fluid flow at a wellhead |
US11697991B2 (en) | 2021-01-13 | 2023-07-11 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Rig sensor testing and calibration |
US11572752B2 (en) | 2021-02-24 | 2023-02-07 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Downhole cable deployment |
US11727555B2 (en) | 2021-02-25 | 2023-08-15 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Rig power system efficiency optimization through image processing |
US11846151B2 (en) | 2021-03-09 | 2023-12-19 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Repairing a cased wellbore |
US11624265B1 (en) | 2021-11-12 | 2023-04-11 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Cutting pipes in wellbores using downhole autonomous jet cutting tools |
US11867012B2 (en) | 2021-12-06 | 2024-01-09 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Gauge cutter and sampler apparatus |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2108330A (en) * | 1935-12-02 | 1938-02-15 | James T Ellis | Pipe cutter |
US2246711A (en) * | 1939-11-16 | 1941-06-24 | George J Barrett | Cutting tool |
US2299528A (en) * | 1941-09-22 | 1942-10-20 | Ray E Conner | Casing mill |
US2640537A (en) * | 1950-11-27 | 1953-06-02 | Frances Robertha Edwards | Inside pipe cutter |
US2709490A (en) * | 1951-09-28 | 1955-05-31 | A 1 Bit & Tool Company Inc | Tool for severing and milling away a section of casing in the bore of a well |
US2899000A (en) * | 1957-08-05 | 1959-08-11 | Houston Oil Field Mat Co Inc | Piston actuated casing mill |
US3073389A (en) * | 1959-02-24 | 1963-01-15 | Thelma L Conner | Pipe cutter and milling tool |
-
1994
- 1994-06-21 GB GB9412408A patent/GB9412408D0/en active Pending
-
1995
- 1995-06-21 EP EP95922631A patent/EP0765428B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-06-21 DE DE69504669T patent/DE69504669D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-06-21 WO PCT/GB1995/001457 patent/WO1995035429A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1995-06-21 AU AU27459/95A patent/AU2745995A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-06-21 AT AT95922631T patent/ATE170950T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0765428A1 (en) | 1997-04-02 |
GB9412408D0 (en) | 1994-08-10 |
WO1995035429A1 (en) | 1995-12-28 |
AU2745995A (en) | 1996-01-15 |
DE69504669D1 (en) | 1998-10-15 |
ATE170950T1 (en) | 1998-09-15 |
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