EP0763695A1 - Hot water storage and method for its operation - Google Patents

Hot water storage and method for its operation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0763695A1
EP0763695A1 EP96810534A EP96810534A EP0763695A1 EP 0763695 A1 EP0763695 A1 EP 0763695A1 EP 96810534 A EP96810534 A EP 96810534A EP 96810534 A EP96810534 A EP 96810534A EP 0763695 A1 EP0763695 A1 EP 0763695A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating water
heating
water
heat exchanger
line
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EP96810534A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Heinz Abegglen
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SWISSCONDENS AG
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VERITHERM VERTRIEBS AG
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Publication of EP0763695A1 publication Critical patent/EP0763695A1/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24DDOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D11/00Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
    • F24D11/002Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses water heating system
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24DDOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/08Hot-water central heating systems in combination with systems for domestic hot-water supply
    • F24D3/087Tap water heat exchangers specially adapted therefore
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24DDOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/08Hot-water central heating systems in combination with systems for domestic hot-water supply

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heating water tank according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for operating such a heating water tank with an associated water heating device.
  • Such a heating water tank is known and is used, for example, to increase the storage capacity of a boiler, it being possible to heat domestic water which is guided through the tank in the heat exchanger at the same time.
  • the improvement of the building insulation has led to the fact that the water heating devices now have significantly lower heating outputs than was previously the case.
  • the water content of the water heating devices has also become smaller, so that the storage effect has been reduced. This in turn leads to frequent burner starts, which inevitably brings with it a greater environmental impact. It is therefore desirable to increase the storage capacity of a boiler by means of a heating water tank, so that longer operating phases and longer breaks of the burner are possible.
  • the known heating water storage tanks have the disadvantage, among other things, that the heat exchanger is arranged in the upper, warmer area of the storage tank, which makes it impossible to use the energy that can be stored in the heating water optimally for environmentally friendly heating of the domestic water.
  • the heating water must be heated frequently.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a generic heating water tank with which domestic water can be heated in a simple and environmentally friendly manner, without frequent heating of the heating water by burner activation would be necessary.
  • the method for operating the heating water tank with a water heating device connected thereto is characterized according to the invention by the features of claim 11. In this way, the number of burner starts required for the water heating device is significantly reduced.
  • FIG. 1 shows a heating water tank 1 according to the invention in a schematic, side view Sectional view.
  • the memory 1 has a bar-shaped outer housing 2 and a cylindrical inner housing 3. There is an insulating layer between the housings 2, 3. Approximately halfway up the inner housing 3 there is a perforated dividing plate 4 horizontally, which distributes the interior of the reservoir 1 into an upper and a lower heating water zone 5 or 6, each with a volume of approximately 100 liters. In the lower heating water zone 6 there is a heat exchanger 7 for heating domestic water which can be conducted separately through the store 1. In the embodiment shown, this process water is passed through the heat exchanger 7, which functions as a water heater.
  • a first heating water inlet line 8 is also arranged in the lower region of the reservoir 1 and is provided with a number of heating water outlet openings in the region of the heat exchanger 7.
  • a second heating water inlet line 9 with a number of heating water outlet openings above the heat exchanger 7 opens just above the separating plate 4 into the upper heating water zone 5.
  • a heating water outlet line 10 is provided with a heating water inlet opening in the upper region of the reservoir 1.
  • the first and the second heating water introduction line 8, 9 can be selectively connected, for example by means of an external three-way distribution valve 11, to an outlet of a water heating device 16 known per se to be described below.
  • the heating water discharge line 10 can be connected to an input of the water heating device 16.
  • the partition 4 is advantageous, but not absolutely necessary.
  • the store 1 can also be designed without a partition 4.
  • the heat exchanger 7 has a cold water inlet line 12 and a hot water outlet line 13 for the domestic water, which is provided with a sensor 14 for the temperature of the emerging domestic water. In the upper heating water zone 5, a further sensor 15 is provided for the temperature of the heating water there.
  • a water heating device 16 known per se is also shown with broken lines.
  • This comprises a boiler 17 with a burner 18, a base 19, an exhaust gas blower 20 and a controller 21.
  • the boiler 17 has an inlet 22 which can be connected to the heating water outlet line 10 of the storage tank 1 via a pump 23, and an outlet 24, which can be selectively connected to (one of) the two heating water inlet lines 8, 9 via a four-way mixer 25 and the three-way distribution valve 11.
  • the four-way mixer 25 is also connected in a known manner to the heating network via a network pump 26.
  • the water content of the boiler 17 is about 20 liters.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the heating water reservoir 1.
  • the heat exchanger 7 is a known, approximately spiral element with Finned tube heat exchange surfaces made of, for example, chromium-nickel steel or nickel-plated copper, which is arranged approximately horizontally in the lower heating water zone 6 of the store 1 and extends over almost the entire length of the inner store housing 3.
  • the first heating water inlet line 8 is designed as a tube which is closed at the end and has rows of heating water outlet openings running in the longitudinal direction, as will be explained in more detail below.
  • a tube which is closed at the end and has a number of heating water outlet openings provided on the side over its entire length forms the second heating water inlet line 9, which is arranged in the lower region of the upper heating water zone 5 and whose length corresponds to approximately half the storage depth.
  • the heating water discharge line 10 is a pipe which is open at the end and closed at the side and whose length corresponds approximately to that of the heat exchanger 7.
  • the first heating water inlet line 8 is advantageously arranged approximately horizontally within the spiral-shaped heat exchanger element 7 and essentially over its entire length. Furthermore, the first heating water inlet line 8 is tubular and has on the underside a first, longitudinally extending row of vertical heating water outlet openings and two further rows of heating water outlet openings arranged parallel to the first row, each with an outlet angle of approximately 45 ° to the vertical. This creates an optimal flow around the spiral heat exchanger 7 with heating water during use, which leads to rapid heating of the service water flowing through the heat exchanger 7.
  • an additional storage mass such as stones, can be filled into the upper heating water zone 5.
  • a filling opening (not shown) can be provided at the end.
  • the heating water tank 1 is operated as follows: The process water in the heat exchanger 7 is heated by means of the heating water present in the tank 1.
  • the heating water temperature is about 65 ° C in the area of the heat exchanger 7 and about 85 ° C in the upper area of the storage tank 1.
  • the heating water temperature in tank 1 increases continuously from bottom to top.
  • the process water to be heated enters the heat exchanger 7 as cold water at a temperature of approximately 12 ° C. via the cold water introduction line 12. There it is heated and it leaves the heat exchanger 7 as hot water of approximately 55 ° C. via the hot water discharge line 13.
  • the heating water in the storage tank 1 naturally cools down.
  • a first adjustable limit temperature for example, 45 ° C.
  • heating water from the water heating device 16 is introduced into the lower region of the store 1 via the first heating water introduction line 8 until the from the Heat exchanger 7 emerging service water has reached a first adjustable target temperature of, for example, 55 ° C.
  • the burner 18 of the water heating device 16 is not switched on.
  • the heating water emerging from the first heating water introduction line 8 flows around, as already described above was, the heat exchanger 7 and very quickly heats the domestic water. Then the introduced heating water rises in the storage tank 1 and enters the upper heating water zone 5 through the through openings of the partition 4. At the same time, the pump 23 pumps heating water from the upper heating water zone 5 into the boiler 17.
  • the burner 18 is first switched on for heating heating water in the water heating device 16. Then the heating water heated by the burner 18 is introduced from the water heating device 16 via the first heating water introduction line 8 into the lower region of the store 1 until the service water at the outlet of the heat exchanger 7 has reached a second adjustable target temperature of, for example, 60 ° C. Thereafter, heated heating water from the water heating device 16 is introduced into the upper part of the store 1 via the second heating water introduction line 9 until the heating water there has reached a third adjustable target temperature of, for example, 85 ° C., after which the burner 18 is switched off.
  • the number of burner starts required for the water heating device 16 is substantially reduced, since the heating water stored in the store 1 is able to supply the heated domestic water required by a consumer over a considerable period of time generate without having to heat yourself in the meantime.
  • the storage capacity of the boiler 17 by means of the heating water tank 1 is increased many times over. This means that domestic water can be heated in a simple and environmentally friendly manner without the heating water having to be heated frequently.
  • the heating water stored in the upper area of the store 1 with a temperature of approximately 85 ° C. can be used as a heat donor for the heating network.
  • the heating water of the lower heating water zone 6 is heated with the heating water of the upper heating water zone 5.
  • two burner starts per day are sufficient in a normal household to be able to supply the required hot domestic water.
  • the control of the heating water and the actuation of the burner 18 are controlled by a control unit, not shown.
  • the various target temperatures and limit temperatures can be set via this control unit.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
  • Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The tank has a heat exchanger in the lower part and is connected to a conventional water heating system through a 3- way valve providing an inlet above and below a perforated dividing wall. An outlet to the boiler is also provided. The hot water storage system consists of an outer shell (2) and a cylindrical inner tank (3) with insulation between. The tank is optionally divided into two volumes (5,6), of roughly equal size by a perforated wall (4). In the lower volume (6) a heat exchanger coil (7) is fitted to provide domestic hot water through a pipe (13) with a thermostat (14). Primary hot water is fed into this region from the boiler system (16) through a pipe (8). A second inlet (9), supplies the upper region (5) according to the setting of a three-way valve (11). Water is returned to the boiler through a pipe (10). A second thermostat (15) is positioned in the upper region of the tank. The function of the three-way valve is controlled by the thermostats to maintain the temperature of the water for domestic use.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Heizwasserspeicher gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 sowie ein Verfahren zum Betreiben eines solchen Heizwasserspeichers mit einer damit verbundenen Wassererwärmungsvorrichtung.The invention relates to a heating water tank according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for operating such a heating water tank with an associated water heating device.

Ein derartiger Heizwasserspeicher ist bekannt und wird zum Beispiel zum Vergrössern der Speicherkapazität eines Heizkessels verwendet, wobei gleichzeitig durch den Speicher geführtes Brauchwasser im Wärmetauscher erwärmt werden kann. Die Verbesserung der Gebäudeisolationen hat dazu geführt, dass die Wassererwärmungsvorrichtungen heutzutage wesentlich kleinere Heizleistungen aufweisen, als dies früher der Fall war. Auch der Wasserinhalt der Wassererwärmungsvorrichtungen ist kleiner geworden, so dass die Speicherwirkung reduziert wurde. Dies wiederum führt zu häufigen Brennerstarts, was zwangsläufig eine grössere Umweltbelastung mit sich bringt. Daher ist es wünschenswert, die Speicherkapazität eines Heizkessels mittels eines Heizwasserspeichers zu vergrössern, so dass längere Betriebsphasen und längere Pausen des Brenners möglich sind.Such a heating water tank is known and is used, for example, to increase the storage capacity of a boiler, it being possible to heat domestic water which is guided through the tank in the heat exchanger at the same time. The improvement of the building insulation has led to the fact that the water heating devices now have significantly lower heating outputs than was previously the case. The water content of the water heating devices has also become smaller, so that the storage effect has been reduced. This in turn leads to frequent burner starts, which inevitably brings with it a greater environmental impact. It is therefore desirable to increase the storage capacity of a boiler by means of a heating water tank, so that longer operating phases and longer breaks of the burner are possible.

Die bekannten Heizwasserspeicher haben unter anderem den Nachteil, dass der Wärmetauscher im oberen, wärmeren Bereich des Speichers angeordnet ist, wodurch es nicht möglich ist, die im Heizwasser speicherbare Energie optimal für ein umweltschonendes Erwärmen des Brauchwassers einzusetzen. Das Heizwasser muss häufig erhitzt werden.The known heating water storage tanks have the disadvantage, among other things, that the heat exchanger is arranged in the upper, warmer area of the storage tank, which makes it impossible to use the energy that can be stored in the heating water optimally for environmentally friendly heating of the domestic water. The heating water must be heated frequently.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen gattungsgemässen Heizwasserspeicher zu schaffen, mit welchem auf einfache und umweltfreundliche Weise Brauchwasser erwärmt werden kann, ohne dass ein häufiges Erwärmen des Heizwassers durch Brennereinschaltungen nötig wäre.The invention has for its object to provide a generic heating water tank with which domestic water can be heated in a simple and environmentally friendly manner, without frequent heating of the heating water by burner activation would be necessary.

Erfindungsgemäss wird dies durch die Merkmale des kennzeichnenden Teils des Patentanspruchs 1 erreicht. Die Anordnung des Wärmetauschers im unteren Bereich des Speichers und die zwei separaten Heizwassereinführungsleitungen ermöglichen es, im oberen Bereich des Speichers Heizwasser mit einer höheren Temperatur als dasjenige, das im unteren Bereich des Speichers der sofortigen Erwärmung des Brauchwassers dient, zu speichern. Damit wird erreicht, dass das gespeicherte Heizwasser über einen längeren Zeitraum in der Lage ist, erwärmtes Brauchwasser zu generieren, ohne dabei selber zwischenzeitlich erhitzt werden zu müssen.According to the invention, this is achieved by the features of the characterizing part of patent claim 1. The arrangement of the heat exchanger in the lower area of the storage tank and the two separate heating water inlet lines make it possible to store heating water in the upper area of the storage tank at a higher temperature than that which is used in the lower area of the storage tank to heat the domestic water immediately. This ensures that the stored heating water is able to generate heated service water over a longer period of time without having to be heated in the meantime.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen gehen aus den Unteransprüchen hervor.Further advantageous embodiments emerge from the subclaims.

Das Verfahren zum Betreiben des Heizwasserspeichers mit einer damit verbundenen Wassererwärmungsvorrichtung ist erfindungsgemäss durch die Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 11 gekennzeichnet. Auf diese Weise wird die Anzahl der erforderlichen Brennerstarts der Wassererwärmungsvorrichtung wesentlich reduziert.The method for operating the heating water tank with a water heating device connected thereto is characterized according to the invention by the features of claim 11. In this way, the number of burner starts required for the water heating device is significantly reduced.

Nachfolgend wird eine beispielsweise Ausführungsform der Erfindung an Hand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine schematische Schnittansicht eines erfindungsgemässen Heizwasserspeichers, und
Fig. 2
eine schematische Querschnittansicht des Heizwasserspeichers.
An exemplary embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1
is a schematic sectional view of a heating water tank according to the invention, and
Fig. 2
is a schematic cross-sectional view of the heating water tank.

Die Figur 1 zeigt einen erfindungsgemässen Heizwasserspeicher 1 in einer schematischen, seitlichen Schnittansicht. Der Speicher 1 weist ein balkenförmiges äusseres Gehäuse 2 und ein zylinderförmiges inneres Gehäuse 3 auf. Zwischen den Gehäusen 2, 3 befindet sich eine Isolierschicht. Etwa auf halber Höhe des inneren Gehäuses 3 ist horizontal ein perforiertes Trennblech 4 angeordnet, welches den Innenraum des Speichers 1 in eine obere und eine untere Heizwasserzone 5 bzw. 6, je mit einem Volumen von etwa 100 Litern, verteilt. In der unteren Heizwasserzone 6 befindet sich ein Wärmetauscher 7 zum Erwärmen von getrennt durch den Speicher 1 führbarem Brauchwasser. Dieses Brauchwasser wird in der gezeigten Ausführungsform durch den Wärmetauscher 7 geführt, welcher als Durchlauferhitzer funktioniert.FIG. 1 shows a heating water tank 1 according to the invention in a schematic, side view Sectional view. The memory 1 has a bar-shaped outer housing 2 and a cylindrical inner housing 3. There is an insulating layer between the housings 2, 3. Approximately halfway up the inner housing 3 there is a perforated dividing plate 4 horizontally, which distributes the interior of the reservoir 1 into an upper and a lower heating water zone 5 or 6, each with a volume of approximately 100 liters. In the lower heating water zone 6 there is a heat exchanger 7 for heating domestic water which can be conducted separately through the store 1. In the embodiment shown, this process water is passed through the heat exchanger 7, which functions as a water heater.

Eine erste Heizwassereinführungsleitung 8 ist ebenfalls im unteren Bereich des Speichers 1 angeordnet und mit einer Anzahl von Heizwasseraustrittsöffnungen im Bereich des Wärmetauschers 7 versehen. Eine zweite Heizwassereinführungsleitung 9 mit einer Anzahl von Heizwasseraustrittsöffnungen oberhalb des Wärmetauschers 7 mündet knapp oberhalb des Trennblechs 4 in die obere Heizwasserzone 5. Eine Heizwasserausführungsleitung 10 ist mit einer Heizwassereintrittsöffnung im oberen Bereich des Speichers 1 versehen. Die erste und die zweite Heizwassereinführungsleitung 8, 9 sind, beispielsweise mittels eines aussenliegenden Dreiweg-Verteilventils 11, selektiv mit einem Ausgang einer im folgenden zu beschreibenden, an sich bekannten Wassererwärmungsvorrichtung 16 verbindbar. Die Heizwasserausführungsleitung 10 ist mit einem Eingang der Wassererwärmungsvorrichtung 16 verbindbar.A first heating water inlet line 8 is also arranged in the lower region of the reservoir 1 and is provided with a number of heating water outlet openings in the region of the heat exchanger 7. A second heating water inlet line 9 with a number of heating water outlet openings above the heat exchanger 7 opens just above the separating plate 4 into the upper heating water zone 5. A heating water outlet line 10 is provided with a heating water inlet opening in the upper region of the reservoir 1. The first and the second heating water introduction line 8, 9 can be selectively connected, for example by means of an external three-way distribution valve 11, to an outlet of a water heating device 16 known per se to be described below. The heating water discharge line 10 can be connected to an input of the water heating device 16.

Es sei darauf hingewiesen, dass die Trennwand 4 zwar vorteilhaft, aber nicht unbedingt notwendig ist. Bei einer langsamen Ausströmung des Heizwassers aus der ersten Heizwassereinführungsleitung 8 kann der Speicher 1 auch ohne Trennwand 4 ausgeführt sein.It should be noted that the partition 4 is advantageous, but not absolutely necessary. When the heating water flows out slowly from the first one Heating water inlet line 8, the store 1 can also be designed without a partition 4.

Der Wärmetauscher 7 hat für das Brauchwasser eine Kaltwassereinführungsleitung 12 sowie eine Warmwasserausführungsleitung 13, welche mit einem Fühler 14 für die Temperatur des austretenden Brauchwassers versehen ist. In der oberen Heizwasserzone 5 ist ein weiterer Fühler 15 für die Temperatur des dortigen Heizwassers vorgesehen.The heat exchanger 7 has a cold water inlet line 12 and a hot water outlet line 13 for the domestic water, which is provided with a sensor 14 for the temperature of the emerging domestic water. In the upper heating water zone 5, a further sensor 15 is provided for the temperature of the heating water there.

In der Figur 1 ist weiterhin eine an sich bekannte Wassererwärmungsvorrichtung 16 mit gestrichelten Linien wiedergegeben. Diese umfasst einen Kessel 17 mit einem Brenner 18, einem Sockel 19, einem Abgasgebläse 20 und einer Steuerung 21. Der Kessel 17 hat einen Eingang 22, welcher über eine Pumpe 23 mit der Heizwasserausführungsleitung 10 des Speichers 1 verbindbar ist, und einen Ausgang 24, welcher über einen Vierweg-Mischer 25 und das Dreiweg-Verteilventil 11 selektiv mit (einer der) beiden Heizwassereinführungsleitungen 8, 9 verbindbar ist. Der Vierweg-Mischer 25 ist weiterhin in bekannter Weise über eine Netzpumpe 26 mit dem Heizungsnetz verbunden. Der Wasserinhalt des Kessels 17 beträgt etwa 20 Liter.In FIG. 1, a water heating device 16 known per se is also shown with broken lines. This comprises a boiler 17 with a burner 18, a base 19, an exhaust gas blower 20 and a controller 21. The boiler 17 has an inlet 22 which can be connected to the heating water outlet line 10 of the storage tank 1 via a pump 23, and an outlet 24, which can be selectively connected to (one of) the two heating water inlet lines 8, 9 via a four-way mixer 25 and the three-way distribution valve 11. The four-way mixer 25 is also connected in a known manner to the heating network via a network pump 26. The water content of the boiler 17 is about 20 liters.

Die Figur 2 zeigt zur Verdeutlichung eine schematische Querschnittansicht des Heizwasserspeichers 1. Die Trennwand 4, welche sich im Inneren des Speichers 1, oberhalb des Wärmetauschers 7 und unterhalb der Heizwasseraustrittsöffnungen der zweiten Heizwassereinführungsleitung 9 befindet, ist im mittleren Bereich sowie bei den Aussenrändern durchlöchert, so dass aus der ersten Heizwassereinführungsleitung 8 austretendes Heizwasser, nach dem Umströmen des Wärmetauschers 7, in die obere Heizwasserzone 5 eindringen kann. Der Wärmetauscher 7 ist ein an sich bekanntes, etwa spiralförmiges Element mit Rippenrohr-Wärmeaustauschflächen aus zum Beispiel Chromnickelstahl oder vernickeltem Kupfer, welches etwa horizontal in der unteren Heizwasserzone 6 des Speichers 1 angeordnet ist und sich über nahezu die ganze Länge des inneren Speichergehäuses 3 erstreckt.For clarification, FIG. 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the heating water reservoir 1. The partition 4, which is located in the interior of the reservoir 1, above the heat exchanger 7 and below the heating water outlet openings of the second heating water inlet line 9, is perforated in the middle region and at the outer edges, so that heating water emerging from the first heating water inlet line 8, after flowing around the heat exchanger 7, can penetrate into the upper heating water zone 5. The heat exchanger 7 is a known, approximately spiral element with Finned tube heat exchange surfaces made of, for example, chromium-nickel steel or nickel-plated copper, which is arranged approximately horizontally in the lower heating water zone 6 of the store 1 and extends over almost the entire length of the inner store housing 3.

Die erste Heizwassereinführungsleitung 8 ist als ein am Ende geschlossenes Rohr mit in Längsrichtung verlaufenden Reihen von Heizwasseraustrittsöffnungen ausgeführt, wie im folgenden näher erläutert wird. Ein am Ende geschlossenes Rohr mit einer Anzahl von seitlich, auf der ganzen Länge vorgesehenen Heizwasseraustrittsöffnungen bildet die zweite Heizwassereinführungsleitung 9, welche im unteren Bereich der oberen Heizwasserzone 5 angeordnet ist, und deren Länge etwa der halben Speichertiefe entspricht. Die Heizwasserausführungsleitung 10 ist ein am Ende offenes und seitlich geschlossenes Rohr, dessen Länge etwa derjenigen des Wärmetauschers 7 entspricht.The first heating water inlet line 8 is designed as a tube which is closed at the end and has rows of heating water outlet openings running in the longitudinal direction, as will be explained in more detail below. A tube which is closed at the end and has a number of heating water outlet openings provided on the side over its entire length forms the second heating water inlet line 9, which is arranged in the lower region of the upper heating water zone 5 and whose length corresponds to approximately half the storage depth. The heating water discharge line 10 is a pipe which is open at the end and closed at the side and whose length corresponds approximately to that of the heat exchanger 7.

Vorteilhaft ist die erste Heizwassereinführungsleitung 8 etwa horizontal innerhalb des spiralförmigen Wärmetauscher-Elements 7 und im wesentlichen auf dessen ganzer Länge angeordnet. Weiterhin ist die erste Heizwassereinführungsleitung 8 rohrförmig ausgebildet und weist auf der Unterseite eine erste, in Längsrichtung verlaufende Reihe von vertikalen Heizwasseraustrittsöffnungen sowie zwei weitere, parallel zur ersten Reihe angeordnete Reihen von Heizwasseraustrittsöffnungen mit einem Austrittswinkel von jeweils etwa 45° zur Vertikalen auf. Hierdurch entsteht im Gebrauch eine optimale Umströmung des spiralförmigen Wärmetauschers 7 mit Heizwasser, was zu einer schnellen Erwärmung des durch den Wärmetauscher 7 strömenden Brauchwassers führt.The first heating water inlet line 8 is advantageously arranged approximately horizontally within the spiral-shaped heat exchanger element 7 and essentially over its entire length. Furthermore, the first heating water inlet line 8 is tubular and has on the underside a first, longitudinally extending row of vertical heating water outlet openings and two further rows of heating water outlet openings arranged parallel to the first row, each with an outlet angle of approximately 45 ° to the vertical. This creates an optimal flow around the spiral heat exchanger 7 with heating water during use, which leads to rapid heating of the service water flowing through the heat exchanger 7.

Zur Steigerung der Speicherfähigkeit kann in die obere Heizwasserzone 5 eine zusätzliche Speichermasse, wie zum Beispiel Steine, eingefüllt werden. Dazu kann stirnseitig eine (nicht gezeigte) Einfüllöffnung vorgesehen sein.To increase the storage capacity, an additional storage mass, such as stones, can be filled into the upper heating water zone 5. For this purpose, a filling opening (not shown) can be provided at the end.

Der erfindungsgemässe Heizwasserspeicher 1 wird folgendermassen betrieben: Das Brauchwasser im Wärmetauscher 7 wird mittels des im Speicher 1 vorhandenen Heizwassers beheizt. Die Heizwassertemperatur beträgt im Bereich des Wärmetauschers 7 etwa 65°C und im oberen Bereich des Speichers 1 etwa 85°C. Die Heizwassertemperatur nimmt im Speicher 1 von unten nach oben kontinuierlich zu. Das zu erwärmende Brauchwasser tritt als Kaltwasser mit einer Temperatur von etwa 12°C über die Kaltwassereinführungsleitung 12 in den Wärmetauscher 7 ein. Dort wird es erwärmt, und es verlässt den Wärmetauscher 7 als Warmwasser von etwa 55°C über die Warmwasserausführungsleitung 13.The heating water tank 1 according to the invention is operated as follows: The process water in the heat exchanger 7 is heated by means of the heating water present in the tank 1. The heating water temperature is about 65 ° C in the area of the heat exchanger 7 and about 85 ° C in the upper area of the storage tank 1. The heating water temperature in tank 1 increases continuously from bottom to top. The process water to be heated enters the heat exchanger 7 as cold water at a temperature of approximately 12 ° C. via the cold water introduction line 12. There it is heated and it leaves the heat exchanger 7 as hot water of approximately 55 ° C. via the hot water discharge line 13.

Beim Erwärmen des Brauchwassers tritt natürlich eine Abkühlung des Heizwassers im Speicher 1 auf. Sobald der Fühler 14 für die Temperatur des austretenden Brauchwassers das Unterschreiten einer ersten einstellbaren Grenztemperatur von beispielsweise 45°C feststellt, wird jeweils Heizwasser aus der Wassererwärmungsvorrichtung 16 über die erste Heizwassereinführungsleitung 8 in den unteren Bereich des Speichers 1 eingeführt, so lange bis das aus dem Wärmetauscher 7 austretende Brauchwasser eine erste einstellbare Solltemperatur von beispielsweise 55°C erreicht hat. Bei dieser sogenannten Spar-Aufheizphase wird der Brenner 18 der Wassererwärmungsvorrichtung 16 nicht eingeschaltet.When the domestic water is heated, the heating water in the storage tank 1 naturally cools down. As soon as the sensor 14 for the temperature of the escaping service water detects that the temperature falls below a first adjustable limit temperature of, for example, 45 ° C., heating water from the water heating device 16 is introduced into the lower region of the store 1 via the first heating water introduction line 8 until the from the Heat exchanger 7 emerging service water has reached a first adjustable target temperature of, for example, 55 ° C. In this so-called economy heating phase, the burner 18 of the water heating device 16 is not switched on.

Das aus der ersten Heizwassereinführungsleitung 8 austretende Heizwasser umströmt, wie schon oben beschrieben wurde, den Wärmetauscher 7 und erwärmt dabei sehr schnell das Brauchwasser. Dann steigt das eingeführte Heizwasser im Speicher 1 und tritt durch die Durchgangsöffnungen der Trennwand 4 in die obere Heizwasserzone 5 ein. Gleichzeitig pumpt die Pumpe 23 Heizwasser aus der oberen Heizwasserzone 5 in den Heizkessel 17.The heating water emerging from the first heating water introduction line 8 flows around, as already described above was, the heat exchanger 7 and very quickly heats the domestic water. Then the introduced heating water rises in the storage tank 1 and enters the upper heating water zone 5 through the through openings of the partition 4. At the same time, the pump 23 pumps heating water from the upper heating water zone 5 into the boiler 17.

Da sich das Heizwasser ständig abkühlt, muss gelegentlich mittels des Brenners 18 zusätzliche Energie in den Heizkreislauf gebracht werden. Jeweils dann, wenn der Fühler 15 in der oberen Heizwasserzone 5 feststellt, dass die Temperatur des Heizwassers im oberen Bereich des Speichers 1 eine zweite einstellbare Grenztemperatur von beispielsweise 70°C unterschreitet, wird eine Betriebsphase des Brenners 18 der Wassererwärmungsvorrichtung 16 durchgeführt. Bei dieser Betriebsphase des Brenners 18 wird zuerst der Brenner 18 zum Erwärmen von Heizwasser in der Wassererwärmungsvorrichtung 16 eingeschaltet. Dann wird das vom Brenner 18 erwärmte Heizwasser aus der Wassererwärmungsvorrichtung 16 über die erste Heizwassereinführungsleitung 8 in den unteren Bereich des Speichers 1 eingeführt, so lange bis das Brauchwasser am Ausgang des Wärmetauschers 7 eine zweite einstellbare Solltemperatur von beispielsweise 60°C erreicht hat. Danach wird erwärmtes Heizwasser aus der Wassererwärmungsvorrichtung 16 über die zweite Heizwassereinführungsleitung 9 in den oberen Teil des Speichers 1 eingeführt, so lange bis das Heizwasser dort eine dritte einstellbare Solltemperatur von beispielsweise 85°C erreicht hat, wonach der Brenner 18 ausgeschaltet wird.Since the heating water constantly cools down, additional energy must occasionally be brought into the heating circuit by means of the burner 18. Each time the sensor 15 in the upper heating water zone 5 detects that the temperature of the heating water in the upper region of the storage tank 1 falls below a second adjustable limit temperature of, for example, 70 ° C., an operating phase of the burner 18 of the water heating device 16 is carried out. In this operating phase of the burner 18, the burner 18 is first switched on for heating heating water in the water heating device 16. Then the heating water heated by the burner 18 is introduced from the water heating device 16 via the first heating water introduction line 8 into the lower region of the store 1 until the service water at the outlet of the heat exchanger 7 has reached a second adjustable target temperature of, for example, 60 ° C. Thereafter, heated heating water from the water heating device 16 is introduced into the upper part of the store 1 via the second heating water introduction line 9 until the heating water there has reached a third adjustable target temperature of, for example, 85 ° C., after which the burner 18 is switched off.

Auf diese Weise wird die Anzahl der erforderlichen Brennerstarts der Wassererwärmungsvorrichtung 16 wesentlich reduziert, da das im Speicher 1 gespeicherte Heizwasser in der Lage ist, über einen beträchtlichen Zeitraum das von einem Verbraucher benötigte, erwärmte Brauchwasser zu generieren, ohne dabei selber zwischenzeitlich erhitzt werden zu müssen. Zudem ist die Speicherkapazität des Heizkessels 17 mittels des Heizwasserspeichers 1 um ein Vielfaches vergrössert. Somit kann auf einfache und umweltfreundliche Weise Brauchwasser erwärmt werden, ohne dass ein häufiges Erwärmen des Heizwassers nötig wäre.In this way, the number of burner starts required for the water heating device 16 is substantially reduced, since the heating water stored in the store 1 is able to supply the heated domestic water required by a consumer over a considerable period of time generate without having to heat yourself in the meantime. In addition, the storage capacity of the boiler 17 by means of the heating water tank 1 is increased many times over. This means that domestic water can be heated in a simple and environmentally friendly manner without the heating water having to be heated frequently.

Das im oberen Bereich des Speichers 1 gespeicherte Heizwasser mit einer Temperatur von etwa 85°C kann als Wärmespender für das Heizungsnetz genutzt werden. Im Sommerbetrieb, wenn kein Heizbedarf besteht, wird mit dem Heizwasser der oberen Heizwasserzone 5 das Heizwasser der unteren Heizwasserzone 6 erwärmt. Dadurch genügen in einem normalen Haushalt schon zwei Brennerstarts pro Tag, um das benötigte warme Brauchwasser liefern zu können.The heating water stored in the upper area of the store 1 with a temperature of approximately 85 ° C. can be used as a heat donor for the heating network. In summer operation when there is no heating requirement, the heating water of the lower heating water zone 6 is heated with the heating water of the upper heating water zone 5. As a result, two burner starts per day are sufficient in a normal household to be able to supply the required hot domestic water.

Die Führung des Heizwassers und die Betätigung des Brenners 18 werden durch eine nicht gezeigte Steuereinheit gesteuert. Die diversen Solltemperaturen und Grenztemperaturen sind über diese Steuereinheit einstellbar.The control of the heating water and the actuation of the burner 18 are controlled by a control unit, not shown. The various target temperatures and limit temperatures can be set via this control unit.

Natürlich ist es auch möglich, bei einem stehenden Speicher 1 den Wärmetauscher 7 vertikal anzuordnen. Die Leitungen werden dann dementsprechend angeordnet.Of course, it is also possible to arrange the heat exchanger 7 vertically in the case of a stationary store 1. The lines are then arranged accordingly.

Claims (11)

Heizwasserspeicher mit einem Heizwassereingang und einem Heizwasserausgang sowie einem im Inneren des Speichers (1) vorgesehenen Wärmetauscher (7) zum Erwärmen von getrennt durch den Speicher (1) führbarem Brauchwasser, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wärmetauscher (7) im unteren Bereich des Speichers (1) angeordnet ist, eine erste Heizwassereinführungsleitung (8) mit mindestens einer Heizwasseraustrittsöffnung im Bereich des Wärmetauschers (7) und eine zweite Heizwassereinführungsleitung (9) mit mindestens einer Heizwasseraustrittsöffnung oberhalb des Wärmetauschers (7) vorgesehen sind, und eine Heizwasserausführungsleitung (10) mit mindestens einer Heizwassereintrittsöffnung vorgesehen ist, wobei die erste (8) und die zweite (9) Heizwassereinführungsleitung selektiv mit einem Ausgang (24) einer Wassererwärmungsvorrichtung (16) verbindbar sind und die Heizwasserausführungsleitung (10) mit einem Eingang (22) der Wassererwärmungsvorrichtung (16) verbindbar ist.Heating water storage tank with a heating water inlet and a heating water outlet and a heat exchanger (7) provided inside the storage tank (1) for heating domestic water which can be conducted separately through the storage tank (1), characterized in that the heat exchanger (7) is located in the lower region of the storage tank (1 ), a first heating water inlet line (8) with at least one heating water outlet opening in the area of the heat exchanger (7) and a second heating water inlet line (9) with at least one heating water outlet opening above the heat exchanger (7) are provided, and a heating water outlet line (10) with at least one Heating water inlet opening is provided, the first (8) and the second (9) heating water inlet line being selectively connectable to an outlet (24) of a water heating device (16) and the heating water outlet line (10) being connectable to an inlet (22) of the water heating device (16) . Heizwasserspeicher nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Inneren des Speichers (1), oberhalb des Wärmetauschers (7) und unterhalb der Heizwasseraustrittsöffnung der zweiten Heizwassereinführungsleitung (9), eine mit Durchgangsöffnungen versehene Trennwand (4) vorgesehen ist, welche eine obere (5) und eine untere (6) Heizwasserzone definiert.Heating water storage tank according to claim 1, characterized in that in the interior of the storage tank (1), above the heat exchanger (7) and below the heating water outlet opening of the second heating water inlet line (9), a partition wall (4) is provided which has through openings and which has an upper (5 ) and a lower (6) heating water zone. Heizwasserspeicher nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wärmetauscher (7) ein im wesentlichen spiralförmiges Element mit Rippenrohr-Wärmeaustauschflächen ist.Heating water tank according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the heat exchanger (7) is a substantially spiral element with finned tube heat exchange surfaces. Heizwasserspeicher nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Heizwassereinführungsleitung (8) ein am Ende geschlossenes Rohr mit mindestens einer Reihe von Heizwasseraustrittsöffnungen ist.Heating water tank according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the first heating water inlet line (8) is a tube closed at the end with at least one row of heating water outlet openings. Heizwasserspeicher nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zweite Heizwassereinführungsleitung (9) ein am Ende geschlossenes Rohr mit einer Anzahl von Heizwasseraustrittsöffnungen ist.Heating water tank according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the second heating water inlet line (9) is a tube closed at the end with a number of heating water outlet openings. Heizwasserspeicher nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zweite Heizwassereinführungsleitung (9) im unteren Bereich der oberen Heizwasserzone (5) angeordnet ist.Heating water tank according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the second heating water inlet line (9) is arranged in the lower region of the upper heating water zone (5). Heizwasserspeicher nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Heizwasserausführungsleitung (10) ein am Ende offenes und seitlich geschlossenes Rohr ist.Heating water tank according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the heating water discharge line (10) is a pipe which is open at the end and closed at the side. Heizwasserspeicher nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das spiralförmige Wärmetauscher-Element (7) im wesentlichen horizontal in der unteren Heizwasserzone (6) des Speichers (1) angeordnet ist.Heating water tank according to one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that the spiral-shaped heat exchanger element (7) is arranged essentially horizontally in the lower heating water zone (6) of the tank (1). Heizwasserspeicher nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Heizwassereinführungsleitung (8) etwa horizontal innerhalb des spiralförmigen Wärmetauscher-Elements (7) und im wesentlichen auf dessen ganzer Länge angeordnet ist.Heating water tank according to claim 8, characterized in that the first heating water introduction line (8) is arranged approximately horizontally within the spiral heat exchanger element (7) and essentially over its entire length. Heizwasserspeicher nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste Heizwassereinführungsleitung (8) rohrförmig ist und auf der Unterseite eine erste Reihe von vertikalen Heizwasseraustrittsöffnungen sowie zwei weitere, parallel zur ersten Reihe angeordnete Reihen von Heizwasseraustrittsöffnungen mit einem Austrittswinkel von etwa 45° zur Vertikalen aufweist.Heating water tank according to claim 9, characterized in that the first heating water inlet line (8) is tubular and a first row on the underside vertical heating water outlet openings and two further rows of heating water outlet openings arranged parallel to the first row and having an outlet angle of approximately 45 ° to the vertical. Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Heizwasserspeichers nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10 und einer damit verbundenen Wassererwärmungsvorrichtung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Beheizung des Brauchwassers im Wärmetauscher (7) mittels des im Speicher (1) vorhandenen Heizwassers erfolgt, wobei eine Spar-Aufheizphase, welche das Einführen von Heizwasser aus der Wassererwärmungsvorrichtung (16) über die erste Heizwassereinführungsleitung (8) in den unteren Bereich des Speichers (1), so lange bis das vom Wärmetauscher (7) zu liefernde Brauchwasser eine erste einstellbare Solltemperatur erreicht hat, umfasst, jeweils dann durchgeführt wird, wenn das vom Wärmetauscher (7) zu liefernde Brauchwasser eine erste einstellbare Grenztemperatur unterschreitet, und eine Betriebsphase des Brenners (18) der Wassererwärmungsvorrichtung (16) jeweils dann durchgeführt wird, wenn die Temperatur des Heizwassers im oberen Bereich des Speichers (1) eine zweite einstellbare Grenztemperatur unterschreitet, welche Betriebsphase des Brenners (18) die folgenden Schritte umfasst: - Einschaltung des Brenners (18) zum Erwärmen von Heizwasser in der Wassererwärmungsvorrichtung (16); - Einführen des erwärmten Heizwassers aus der Wassererwärmungsvorrichtung (16) über die erste Heizwassereinführungsleitung (8) in den unteren Bereich des Speichers (1), so lange bis das vom Wärmetauscher (7) zu liefernde Brauchwasser eine zweite einstellbare Solltemperatur erreicht hat; - Einführen des erwärmten Heizwassers aus der Wassererwärmungsvorrichtung (16) über die zweite Heizwassereinführungsleitung (9) in den Speicher (1), so lange bis das Heizwasser im oberen Bereich des Speichers (1) eine dritte einstellbare Solltemperatur erreicht hat; - Ausschalten des Brenners (18). Method for operating a heating water tank according to one of claims 1 to 10 and a water heating device associated therewith, characterized in that the heating of the process water in the heat exchanger (7) takes place by means of the heating water present in the tank (1), with an economy heating phase, which Introducing heating water from the water heating device (16) via the first heating water introduction line (8) into the lower region of the reservoir (1) until the process water to be supplied by the heat exchanger (7) has reached a first adjustable target temperature, in each case carried out is when the hot water to be supplied by the heat exchanger (7) falls below a first adjustable limit temperature, and an operating phase of the burner (18) of the water heating device (16) is carried out when the temperature of the heating water in the upper region of the storage tank (1) is one falls below the second adjustable limit temperature et which operating phase of the burner (18) comprises the following steps: - Switching on the burner (18) for heating heating water in the water heating device (16); - Introducing the heated heating water from the water heating device (16) via the first heating water introduction line (8) into the lower region of the reservoir (1) until the process water to be supplied by the heat exchanger (7) has reached a second adjustable target temperature; - Introducing the heated heating water from the water heating device (16) via the second heating water introduction line (9) into the memory (1), see above long until the heating water in the upper area of the storage tank (1) has reached a third adjustable target temperature; - Turn off the burner (18).
EP96810534A 1995-09-06 1996-08-13 Hot water storage and method for its operation Withdrawn EP0763695A1 (en)

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CH253295 1995-09-06
CH2532/95 1995-09-06

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GR20170100011A (en) * 2017-01-16 2018-10-22 Λαζαρος Ιωαννης Χαλδουπης New-type geyser heating a desired quantity of water supplied at its initial temperature

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1478146A (en) * 1966-05-02 1967-04-21 Omnical Gmbh Instantaneous heating water heater, intended to be connected to heating installations
DE2510695A1 (en) * 1975-03-12 1976-09-23 Peter Huber Preheater for boiler feed water - has heat exchanger housed in chamber in cold water section at bottom of storage tank
DE2511725A1 (en) * 1975-03-18 1976-09-30 Peter Huber Hot water heater with primary storage vessel - has primary circulating system outside exchanger and storage vessel
DE4327579A1 (en) * 1993-08-17 1995-02-23 Gerhard Blank Heat exchanger for treating surface water

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1478146A (en) * 1966-05-02 1967-04-21 Omnical Gmbh Instantaneous heating water heater, intended to be connected to heating installations
DE2510695A1 (en) * 1975-03-12 1976-09-23 Peter Huber Preheater for boiler feed water - has heat exchanger housed in chamber in cold water section at bottom of storage tank
DE2511725A1 (en) * 1975-03-18 1976-09-30 Peter Huber Hot water heater with primary storage vessel - has primary circulating system outside exchanger and storage vessel
DE4327579A1 (en) * 1993-08-17 1995-02-23 Gerhard Blank Heat exchanger for treating surface water

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GR20170100011A (en) * 2017-01-16 2018-10-22 Λαζαρος Ιωαννης Χαλδουπης New-type geyser heating a desired quantity of water supplied at its initial temperature

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