EP0760257A1 - Shearing device for different kinds of bodies - Google Patents

Shearing device for different kinds of bodies Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0760257A1
EP0760257A1 EP96401735A EP96401735A EP0760257A1 EP 0760257 A1 EP0760257 A1 EP 0760257A1 EP 96401735 A EP96401735 A EP 96401735A EP 96401735 A EP96401735 A EP 96401735A EP 0760257 A1 EP0760257 A1 EP 0760257A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
notch
box
axis
edge
scraper plate
Prior art date
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Granted
Application number
EP96401735A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0760257B1 (en
Inventor
Didier Kuczer
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Individual
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Individual
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/18—Knives; Mountings thereof
    • B02C18/182—Disc-shaped knives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
    • B02C18/142—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers with two or more inter-engaging rotatable cutter assemblies

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to devices for shearing and shredding bodies of different nature, such as plastic bottles, wooden boards, stacks of cardboard or paper, metal objects, etc., for example, compact them better and then ship them to storage and / or recycling locations.
  • Figures 1 to 3 show in particular two embodiments of such a device known from the prior art.
  • such a device schematically comprises a box 1 comprising two opposite openings which are respectively substantially in horizontal planes when the device is in operation.
  • this box 1 are respectively mounted on two shafts 2, 3 two stacks 4, 5 which will be described below.
  • the shafts 2, 3 are mounted in rotation in the box around respectively two axes 6, 7 parallel and distant from each other by a value "d".
  • On each shaft is disposed a stack comprising a plurality of shear discs 8 and a plurality of spacer rings 9, each spacer ring being disposed between two consecutive shear discs.
  • the elements of each stack are secured to the corresponding shaft, by any means, in particular by keying or the like.
  • all the shear discs are identical, as are all of the spacer rings, the discs and the rings more advantageously having the same thickness.
  • a shear disc 8 can take different forms but it is generally produced, in this type of device, in a plate of constant thickness and essentially comprises two parts, a first central part 10 of cylindrical shape of revolution and at least a second part made up by a protrusion 11 terminated by a cutting end 12, this second part being located on the edge of the first part 10.
  • the radius of the first part is advantageously determined so that it is substantially equal, for example, to "0, 7 d "and the distance" h "separating the point of prominence furthest from the axis of revolution of the central part 10 is less than" d ".
  • the spacer rings 9 are also of cylindrical shape of revolution and their radius is at most equal to "d - h".
  • the association of the discs and the rings defines a plurality of circular grooves 13 whose side walls are constituted by the two opposite faces of two consecutive shear discs 8 separated by a ring 9, and the bottom of which is constituted by the edge 32 of this ring.
  • FIG. 3 represents, seen from above, the association of two stacks 4, 5 in the box 1 and illustrates the manner in which the two stacks cooperate with each other.
  • These two emerging ends 14, 15 are coupled to motor means for driving in rotation 17 advantageously constituted by a motor, by example of an electrical type, the output shaft of which is connected by a gear system to the two emerging ends 14, 15.
  • the gear system is advantageously designed so that, for a given speed of rotation of the shaft output of the engine, the two stacks 4, 5 rotate at different speeds, one at a speed equal for example twice that of the other.
  • the two stacks 4, 5 rotate in opposite directions so that, when they fall into the box on these two stacks, the bodies to be shredded are entrained in the space 25, at the point where they intersect. the cutting parts 12 of the shear discs 8 of the two stacks, and are thus sheared and shredded.
  • the two walls 18, 19 of the box are very close to the stacks and, on the other hand, the device also includes scraper plates 20.
  • scraper plates 20 consist of parts of generally substantially triangular shape, or similar to a triangular shape, and of a thickness substantially equal to that of the spacer rings 9.
  • Each scraper plate comprises, at a vertex of the triangular shape, a concave cylindrical notch of revolution 21 whose radius is substantially equal to that of the spacer rings 9 .
  • scraper plates are arranged in the grooves 13 so that the notch 21 of each scraper plate matches the edge 32 of the ring 9 and are mounted in association with the box 1 so that they close the defined spaces 22 as much as possible. above.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 represent a part of a device according to the prior art illustrating the cooperation between the scraper plates 20, the box 1 and a stack, in this case the stack 5 with reference to FIG. 3.
  • the scraper pieces 20 are mounted on rods 23 substantially parallel to the axes 6, 7 of the rotation shafts 2, 3, the ends of these rods being integral with two other opposite walls 16 and 24 of the box 1.
  • the scraper plates 20 are mounted on slides 26 integral with the wall 19 of the box 1.
  • the rods 23 and the slides 26 are equivalent means and are only given to illustrate the prior art .
  • a shear disc 8 is threaded for example on the shaft 2, a ring 9 on the shaft 3 and a scraper piece 20 on the rods 23 located near the wall 19, these three elements being substantially located in the same foreground.
  • a ring 9 is threaded onto the shaft 2, a shear disc 8 on the shaft 3 and a scraper plate 20 on the rods 23 located near the wall 18, these three elements being substantially located in a same second plane parallel to the first.
  • the operations described above are carried out alternately for the first step and for the second, until the assembly is obtained as illustrated in FIG. 3.
  • the end of the assembly consists in replacing the wall 24 of the box 1.
  • a device as described above can be used to shear many bodies of different nature. Before using the device, in particular for the purpose of then recycling certain materials from which the objects to be sheared are made, it is therefore necessary to clean it, especially if it has been previously used for the grinding of objects made of a different material.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a device for shearing bodies of different nature, which largely overcomes the drawback mentioned above.
  • FIG. 3 makes it possible to explain the characteristics common to the structure of the device according to the prior art and to that of the device according to the invention. Consequently, if necessary for its understanding, the following description, of an example of implementation of the invention, can also refer to this FIG. 3, as well as to FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • FIG. 4 this represents an embodiment of part of a device according to the invention, the complete device deducing from this representation, from that of FIG. 3, from the description above relating to a device according to the prior art and the description below.
  • the device illustrated comprises, a box 1, at least one shaft 3 mounted to rotate in the box around a rotation axis 7 (6) located at a given distance 100 from a part of wall 19 of the box, at least one shear disc 8 mounted centered on the shaft 3, at least one spacer ring 9 having a general shape cylindrical of revolution, this ring being mounted centered on the shaft 3 and substantially in contact with one face of the shear disc 8, and at least one scraper plate 20.
  • the complete device can comprise, on the shaft 3, a plurality of elements such as the shear discs 8 and the spacer rings 9 mounted in a stack like the stack 5, with which are associated scraper plates 20 as described below.
  • a device advantageously comprises, although this is not essential, a second stack like the stack 4 described with reference to FIG. 3.
  • the shear discs 8 can take different forms, for example that of circular saws but more advantageously a shape as described above, that is to say with a prominence 11 terminated by a cutting part 12.
  • the scraper plates 20 have a general shape substantially inscribed in a triangle 30 (or similar). They have a thickness at most equal to the thickness of the spacer rings 9 and comprise, substantially at a vertex 31 of the triangle 30, a notch 21 of concave cylindrical shape of revolution of the same radius as the spacer rings 9. It is further provided in the device, means for mounting each scraper plate 20 in association with the box 1 so that the notch 21 is substantially in contact with the edge 32 of the spacer ring 9 and that the axis of revolution 33 of the notch 21 is substantially coincident with the axis 7 of the rotation shaft 3.
  • FIG. 5 represents, in the form of a diagram making it possible to define its structure, an insulated scraper plate 20.
  • each scraper plate 20 essentially comprises two first 34 and second 35 sectors separated by an imaginary plane 36 containing the axis of revolution 33 of the notch 21 and cutting the side 37 of the triangle opposite the apex 31 on which this notch is made.
  • all the points 38 of the edge of the first sector 34 are at a distance from the axis of revolution 33 of the notch 21 at most equal to the given distance 100, FIGS. 4 and 6, which therefore represents the minimum distance separating the axis of rotation 7 (6) and the wall part 19 (18) of the box 1.
  • At least one point on the edge of the second sector 35 is at a distance distance greater than this given distance 100.
  • the scraper plates 20 are designed so that, when they are in the operational position, the part 41 of the edge of their second sector 35 comes into contact with the wall 19 of the box 1.
  • This characteristic is particularly advantageous because it gives the device better rigidity when operating. Indeed, by pressing against this wall 19 of the box and by maintaining the spacer rings 9, the scraper plates 20 help to keep the two rotation shafts 2 and 3 perfectly parallel during the shearing of the bodies.
  • the two edge parts 40 and 41, respectively of the first sector 34 and the second sector 35, corresponding to the side 37 of the triangle 30 opposite the vertex 31 on which the notch 21 is produced, are in continuity with one another, as illustrated in FIGS. 4 to 6.
  • the means for mounting the scraper plate 20 in association with the casing 1 are constituted by at least one rod 23 parallel to the axis of rotation 7 (6) which crosses the scraper plate 20 by a breakthrough 45, and by means of bearings made in the box. These bearings are for example made in the wall of the box by crossing it, so that the rod 23 can be easily removed by sliding it parallel to itself through the wall of the box and the scraper plates 20. These bearings do not have no difficulty in implementation for a person skilled in the art and will not be described more fully here.
  • the device further comprises at least one bar 50 mounted in association with the box 1.
  • This bar 50 is substantially parallel to the axis of rotation 7, (6) and it is located at a distance from this axis of rotation 7 (6) slightly greater than the distance separating the point of the shear disc 8 furthest from the axis of rotation 7 (6) and in the space 51 delimited by the edge 52 (or the edge) of the shear disc 8 and the part 53 of the edge of the first sector 34 corresponding to the side 54 of the triangle 30 starting from the apex 31 on which the notch 21 is made, FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • the point of this shear disc furthest from the axis 7 (6) is the apex 59 of the cutting end 12.
  • bearings to hold the bar 50. These bearings are made in the wall of the box by crossing it so that the bar 50 can be easily removed by sliding it parallel to itself through the wall of the box . These bearings do not present any implementation difficulty for a person skilled in the art and will not be described more fully here.
  • the bar 50 is mounted in association with the box 1 so that it is in contact with the part 53 of the edge of the first sector 34 corresponding to the side 54 of the triangle 30 starting from the apex 31, when the scraper plate 20 is in its operational position as shown in FIG. 4. As illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 6, it is more advantageous that this bar is at least partially located in a groove 55 produced in the part 53 of the edge of the first sector 34 corresponding to side 54 of triangle 30 defined above.
  • the bar 50 constitutes a means of abutment and holding for the positioning of the scraper plates 20, as explained below, but it can also help in the shearing of the pieces of body which have already been shredded when passing through them. space 25 between the two stacks 4 and 5.
  • an edge of the bar for example that which is closest to the shear disc 8, is substantially shaped in part cutting. This blade shape has not been particularly shown in the figures because it is well known in itself. It has for example the same shape as that of the cutting ends 12 which are located on the shear discs 8.
  • the device according to the invention operates in the same way as those of the prior art. Its operation will therefore not be described more fully here.
  • the bar 50 can also be removed by sliding it parallel to itself on its bearings, if only to facilitate cleaning. However, it is advantageous for it to be replaced first, before the scraper plates 20, so that the grooves 55 of the scraper plates are positioned around it, as visible in FIGS. 4 and 6. Each scraper plate 20 is thus well maintained between two consecutive shear discs 8, against the bottom of the groove 13 and on the bar 50, until the rods 23 are replaced by passing through all the holes 45 and locked in their end bearings.
  • the main advantage of the device according to the invention is readily apparent, namely that its structure greatly facilitates the operations for cleaning it before its use for shearing and shredding bodies made of a material different from the material previously treated, the time saved for such cleaning being very important compared to the devices of the prior art.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Abstract

The shredder consists of a housing (1) containing at least one rotary shaft (3) with its axis (7) set at a given distance from the housing wall (19). The shaft carries one or more shredding discs (8) with spacer rings (9), and there is a scraper plate (20), generally triangular in shape, between the spacer ring and housing wall. The scraper plate has a concave recess (21) of the same radius as the spacer ring and lying coaxially with it, and is made of first (34) and second (36) sectors separated by an imaginary plane passing through the axis of the recess and spacer ring and intersecting the side of the triangle situated opposite the recess.

Description

La présente invention concerne les dispositifs permettant de cisailler et déchiqueter des corps de différente nature, comme des bouteilles en matière plastique, des planchettes de bois, des empilements de carton ou de papier, des objets métalliques, etc., en vue, par exemple, de mieux les compacter pour ensuite les expédier vers des lieux de stockage et/ou de recyclage.The present invention relates to devices for shearing and shredding bodies of different nature, such as plastic bottles, wooden boards, stacks of cardboard or paper, metal objects, etc., for example, compact them better and then ship them to storage and / or recycling locations.

On connaît déjà des dispositifs qui sont couramment utilisés dans l'industrie pour cisailler et déchiqueter des corps de différente nature, .Devices are already known which are commonly used in the industry for shearing and shredding bodies of different nature,.

Les figures 1 à 3 représentent notamment deux modes de réalisation d'un tel dispositif connu de l'art antérieur.Figures 1 to 3 show in particular two embodiments of such a device known from the prior art.

Par référence à ces figures 1 à 3, un tel dispositif comporte schématiquement un caisson 1 comprenant deux ouvertures opposées qui sont respectivement sensiblement dans des plans horizontaux lorsque le dispositif est en fonctionnement. Dans ce caisson 1 sont respectivement montés sur deux arbres 2, 3 deux empilements 4, 5 qui seront décrits ci-après. Les arbres 2, 3 sont montés en rotation dans le caisson autour respectivement de deux axes 6, 7 parallèles et distants l'un de l'autre d'une valeur "d". Sur chaque arbre est disposé un empilement comprenant une pluralité de disques cisailles 8 et une pluralité de bagues d'entretoise 9, chaque bague d'entretoise étant disposée entre deux disques cisailles consécutifs. De façon préférentielle, les éléments de chaque empilement sont solidarisés avec l'arbre correspondant, par tout moyen notamment par clavetage ou analogue.With reference to these Figures 1 to 3, such a device schematically comprises a box 1 comprising two opposite openings which are respectively substantially in horizontal planes when the device is in operation. In this box 1 are respectively mounted on two shafts 2, 3 two stacks 4, 5 which will be described below. The shafts 2, 3 are mounted in rotation in the box around respectively two axes 6, 7 parallel and distant from each other by a value "d". On each shaft is disposed a stack comprising a plurality of shear discs 8 and a plurality of spacer rings 9, each spacer ring being disposed between two consecutive shear discs. Preferably, the elements of each stack are secured to the corresponding shaft, by any means, in particular by keying or the like.

De préférence, tous les disques cisailles sont identiques, de même que toutes les bagues d'entretoise, les disques et les bagues ayant de plus avantageusement la même épaisseur.Preferably, all the shear discs are identical, as are all of the spacer rings, the discs and the rings more advantageously having the same thickness.

Un disque cisaille 8 peut prendre différentes formes mais il est généralement réalisé, dans ce type de dispositif, dans une plaque d'épaisseur constante et comporte essentiellement deux parties, une première partie centrale 10 de forme cylindrique de révolution et au moins une seconde partie constituée par une proéminence 11 terminée par une extrémité coupante 12, cette seconde partie étant située sur la tranche de la première partie 10. Le rayon de la première partie est avantageusement déterminé de façon qu'il soit sensiblement égal, par exemple, à "0,7 d" et la distance "h" séparant le point de la proéminence le plus éloigné de l'axe de révolution de la partie centrale 10 est inférieure à "d".A shear disc 8 can take different forms but it is generally produced, in this type of device, in a plate of constant thickness and essentially comprises two parts, a first central part 10 of cylindrical shape of revolution and at least a second part made up by a protrusion 11 terminated by a cutting end 12, this second part being located on the edge of the first part 10. The radius of the first part is advantageously determined so that it is substantially equal, for example, to "0, 7 d "and the distance" h "separating the point of prominence furthest from the axis of revolution of the central part 10 is less than" d ".

Les bagues d'entretoise 9 sont elles aussi de forme cylindrique de révolution et leur rayon est au plus égal à "d - h".The spacer rings 9 are also of cylindrical shape of revolution and their radius is at most equal to "d - h".

Ainsi, dans chaque empilement, l'association des disques et des bagues définit une pluralité de gorges circulaires 13 dont les parois latérales sont constituées par les deux faces en regard de deux disques cisailles 8 consécutifs séparés par une bague 9, et dont le fond est constitué par la tranche 32 de cette bague.Thus, in each stack, the association of the discs and the rings defines a plurality of circular grooves 13 whose side walls are constituted by the two opposite faces of two consecutive shear discs 8 separated by a ring 9, and the bottom of which is constituted by the edge 32 of this ring.

Les arbres de rotation 2, 3 sur lesquels sont respectivement disposés les empilements 4, 5 sont montés en association avec le caisson 1 de façon que la proéminence 11 de chaque disque cisaille 8 d'un empilement passe dans une gorge 13 de l'autre empilement, avantageusement en étant sensiblement tangent à la tranche 32 de la bague 9 définissant le fond de cette gorge. La figure 3 représente, vue de dessus, l'association de deux empilements 4, 5 dans le caisson 1 et illustre la manière dont les deux empilements coopèrent entre eux.The rotation shafts 2, 3 on which the stacks 4, 5 are respectively arranged are mounted in association with the box 1 so that the prominence 11 of each shear disc 8 of one stack passes through a groove 13 of the other stack , advantageously by being substantially tangent to the edge 32 of the ring 9 defining the bottom of this groove. FIG. 3 represents, seen from above, the association of two stacks 4, 5 in the box 1 and illustrates the manner in which the two stacks cooperate with each other.

Une extrémité 14, 15, respectivement des deux arbres de rotation 2, 3, traverse une paroi 16 du caisson 1. Ces deux extrémités émergentes 14, 15 sont couplées à des moyens moteurs d'entraînement en rotation 17 avantageusement constitués par un moteur, par exemple de type électrique, dont l'arbre de sortie est relié par un système d'engrenages aux deux extrémités émergentes 14, 15. Le système d'engrenages est avantageusement conçu de façon que, pour une vitesse de rotation donnée de l'arbre de sortie du moteur, les deux empilements 4, 5 tournent à des vitesses différentes, l'un à une vitesse égale par exemple deux fois celle de l'autre.One end 14, 15, respectively of the two rotation shafts 2, 3, passes through a wall 16 of the box 1. These two emerging ends 14, 15 are coupled to motor means for driving in rotation 17 advantageously constituted by a motor, by example of an electrical type, the output shaft of which is connected by a gear system to the two emerging ends 14, 15. The gear system is advantageously designed so that, for a given speed of rotation of the shaft output of the engine, the two stacks 4, 5 rotate at different speeds, one at a speed equal for example twice that of the other.

De plus, les deux empilements 4, 5 tournent en sens contraires de façon que, lorsqu'ils tombent dans le caisson sur ces deux empilements, les corps à déchiqueter soient entraînés dans l'espace 25, au niveau de l'endroit où se croisent les parties coupantes 12 des disques cisailles 8 des deux empilements, et soient ainsi cisaillés et déchiquetés.In addition, the two stacks 4, 5 rotate in opposite directions so that, when they fall into the box on these two stacks, the bodies to be shredded are entrained in the space 25, at the point where they intersect. the cutting parts 12 of the shear discs 8 of the two stacks, and are thus sheared and shredded.

Quand les empilements pivotent et déchiquètent les corps, certains éléments ou morceaux déchiquetés restent accrochés aux disques cisailles et/ou aux bagues d'entretoise et ont même tendance à remonter vers l'extérieur des empilements, dans les espaces 22 définis entre les parois 18 et 19 du caisson et les empilements.When the stacks pivot and shred the bodies, certain shredded elements or pieces remain attached to the shear discs and / or to the spacer rings and even tend to rise towards the outside of the stacks, in the spaces 22 defined between the walls 18 and 19 of the box and the stacks.

Pour obvier à cet inconvénient, d'une part les deux parois 18, 19 du caisson sont très proches des empilements et d'autre part le dispositif comporte en outre des plaques racleurs 20.To overcome this drawback, on the one hand the two walls 18, 19 of the box are very close to the stacks and, on the other hand, the device also includes scraper plates 20.

Ces plaques racleurs 20 sont constituées par des pièces de forme générale sensiblement triangulaire, ou assimilable à une forme triangulaire, et d'une épaisseur sensiblement égale à celle des bagues d'entretoise 9. Chaque plaque racleur comporte, à un sommet de la forme triangulaire, une encoche concave cylindrique de révolution 21 dont le rayon est sensiblement égal à celui des bagues d'entretoise 9.These scraper plates 20 consist of parts of generally substantially triangular shape, or similar to a triangular shape, and of a thickness substantially equal to that of the spacer rings 9. Each scraper plate comprises, at a vertex of the triangular shape, a concave cylindrical notch of revolution 21 whose radius is substantially equal to that of the spacer rings 9 .

Ces plaques racleurs sont disposées dans les gorges 13 de façon que l'encoche 21 de chaque plaque racleur épouse la tranche 32 de la bague 9 et sont montées en association avec le caisson 1 de façon qu'elles obturent le plus possible les espaces 22 définis ci-avant.These scraper plates are arranged in the grooves 13 so that the notch 21 of each scraper plate matches the edge 32 of the ring 9 and are mounted in association with the box 1 so that they close the defined spaces 22 as much as possible. above.

Les figures 1 et 2 représentent une partie d'un dispositif selon l'art antérieur illustrant la coopération entre les plaques racleurs 20, le caisson 1 et un empilement, en l'occurrence l'empilement 5 par référence à la figure 3.FIGS. 1 and 2 represent a part of a device according to the prior art illustrating the cooperation between the scraper plates 20, the box 1 and a stack, in this case the stack 5 with reference to FIG. 3.

Sur la figure 1, les pièces racleurs 20 sont montées sur des tringles 23 sensiblement parallèles aux axes 6, 7 des arbres de rotation 2, 3, les extrémités de ces tringles étant solidaires de deux autres parois opposées 16 et 24 du caisson 1. Dans le mode de réalisation selon la figure 2, les plaques racleurs 20 sont montées sur des glissières 26 solidaires de la paroi 19 du caisson 1. Les tringles 23 et les glissières 26 sont des moyens équivalents et ne sont données que pour illustrer l'art antérieur.In FIG. 1, the scraper pieces 20 are mounted on rods 23 substantially parallel to the axes 6, 7 of the rotation shafts 2, 3, the ends of these rods being integral with two other opposite walls 16 and 24 of the box 1. In the embodiment according to FIG. 2, the scraper plates 20 are mounted on slides 26 integral with the wall 19 of the box 1. The rods 23 and the slides 26 are equivalent means and are only given to illustrate the prior art .

Pour effectuer le montage d'un tel dispositif, on réalise les différents empilements en ayant eu soin, auparavant, d'enlever la face avant 24 du caisson 1 qui est conçue pour être amovible. Dans une première étape, on enfile par exemple un disque cisaille 8 sur l'arbre 2, une bague 9 sur l'arbre 3 et une pièce racleur 20 sur les tringles 23 situées à proximité de la paroi 19, ces trois éléments étant sensiblement situés dans un même premier plan. Dans une deuxième étape, on enfile une bague 9 sur l'arbre 2, un disque cisaille 8 sur l'arbre 3 et une plaque racleur 20 sur les tringles 23 situées à proximité de la paroi 18, ces trois éléments étant sensiblement situés dans un même deuxième plan parallèle au premier. On continue à effectuer alternativement les opérations décrites ci-dessus pour la première étape et pour la deuxième, jusqu'à obtenir le montage tel qu'illustré sur la figure 3. La fin du montage consiste à replacer la paroi 24 du caisson 1.To carry out the mounting of such a device, the various stacks are made, having taken care, beforehand, to remove the front face 24 of the box 1 which is designed to be removable. In a first step, a shear disc 8 is threaded for example on the shaft 2, a ring 9 on the shaft 3 and a scraper piece 20 on the rods 23 located near the wall 19, these three elements being substantially located in the same foreground. In a second step, a ring 9 is threaded onto the shaft 2, a shear disc 8 on the shaft 3 and a scraper plate 20 on the rods 23 located near the wall 18, these three elements being substantially located in a same second plane parallel to the first. The operations described above are carried out alternately for the first step and for the second, until the assembly is obtained as illustrated in FIG. 3. The end of the assembly consists in replacing the wall 24 of the box 1.

Un dispositif tel que décrit ci-dessus peut être utilisé pour cisailler de nombreux corps de différente nature. Avant d'utiliser le dispositif, notamment dans le but de procéder ensuite au recyclage de certains matériaux dans lesquels sont réalisés les objets à cisailler, il est donc nécessaire de procéder à son nettoyage, surtout s'il a été précédemment utilisé pour le broyage d'objets réalisés en un matériau différent.A device as described above can be used to shear many bodies of different nature. Before using the device, in particular for the purpose of then recycling certain materials from which the objects to be sheared are made, it is therefore necessary to clean it, especially if it has been previously used for the grinding of objects made of a different material.

Or, on constate que les déchets qui restent accrochés dans le dispositif se trouvent presque uniquement concentrés autour des plaques racleurs et que, pour procéder au nettoyage d'un dispositif ayant une structure comme décrit ci-dessus, il est nécessaire de le démonter complètement. Pour ce faire, il faut effectuer les opérations décrites ci-dessus pour le montage du dispositif, mais dans le sens inverse. Après le nettoyage des éléments, il faut remonter le dispositif.However, it can be seen that the waste which remains attached to the device is found almost exclusively concentrated around the scraper plates and that, in order to clean a device having a structure as described above, it is necessary to dismantle it completely. To do this, you must perform the operations described above for mounting the device, but in reverse. After cleaning the elements, reassemble the device.

Le nettoyage d'un dispositif de cisaillage selon l'art antérieur tel que décrit ci-dessus est donc une opération longue et coûteuse.The cleaning of a shearing device according to the prior art as described above is therefore a long and costly operation.

La présente invention a pour but de réaliser un dispositif pour cisailler des corps de différente nature, qui pallie en grande partie l'inconvénient mentionné ci-dessus.The object of the present invention is to provide a device for shearing bodies of different nature, which largely overcomes the drawback mentioned above.

Plus précisément, la présente invention a pour objet un dispositif pour cisailler des corps de différente nature, comportant:

  • un caisson,
  • au moins un arbre monté rotatif dans ledit caisson autour d'un axe de rotation situé à une distance donnée d'une partie de paroi du caisson,
  • au moins un disque cisaille monté centré sur ledit arbre,
  • au moins une bague d'entretoise affectant une forme générale cylindrique de révolution, ladite bague étant montée centrée sur ledit arbre et sensiblement au contact d'une face dudit disque cisaille,
  • une plaque racleur d'une forme générale sensiblement inscrite dans un triangle, ladite plaque racleur ayant une épaisseur au plus égale à l'épaisseur de ladite bague d'entretoise, ladite plaque racleur comportant, sensiblement à un sommet du triangle, une encoche de forme concave cylindrique de révolution de même rayon que ladite bague d'entretoise, et
  • des moyens pour monter ladite plaque racleur en association avec ledit caisson de façon que ladite encoche soit sensiblement au contact de la tranche de ladite bague d'entretoise et que l'axe de révolution de ladite encoche soit sensiblement confondu avec ledit axe de rotation,
caractérisé par le fait que ladite plaque racleur comporte essentiellement deux premier et second secteurs séparés par un plan imaginaire contenant l'axe de révolution de ladite encoche et coupant le côté du triangle opposé au sommet sur lequel est réalisée ladite encoche, tous les points du bord du premier secteur étant à une distance de l'axe de révolution de l'encoche au plus égale à ladite distance donnée, et au moins un point du bord du second secteur étant à une distance de l'axe de révolution de l'encoche supérieure à ladite distance donnée.More specifically, the subject of the present invention is a device for shearing bodies of different nature, comprising:
  • a box,
  • at least one shaft rotatably mounted in said box around an axis of rotation situated at a given distance from a wall part of the box,
  • at least one mounted shear disc centered on said shaft,
  • at least one spacer ring having a generally cylindrical shape of revolution, said ring being mounted centered on said shaft and substantially in contact with one face of said shear disc,
  • a scraper plate of a general shape substantially inscribed in a triangle, said scraper plate having a thickness at most equal to the thickness of said spacer ring, said scraper plate comprising, substantially at the top of the triangle, a notch of shape concave cylindrical of revolution with the same radius as said spacer ring, and
  • means for mounting said scraper plate in association with said box so that said notch is substantially in contact with the edge of said spacer ring and that the axis of revolution of said notch is substantially coincident with said axis of rotation,
characterized by the fact that said scraper plate essentially comprises two first and second sectors separated by an imaginary plane containing the axis of revolution of said notch and cutting the side of the triangle opposite the vertex on which said notch is made, all the points of the edge of the first sector being at a distance from the axis of revolution of the notch at most equal to said given distance, and at least one point of the edge of the second sector being at a distance from the axis of revolution of the upper notch at said distance given.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention apparaîtront au cours de la description suivante donnée en regard des dessins annexés à titre illustratif, mais nullement limitatif, dans lesquels:

  • La figure 4 représente, vu de face, un mode de réalisation d'une partie du dispositif selon l'invention,
  • La figure 5 représente, sous forme d'un diagramme permettant de définir sa structure, l'élément essentiel du dispositif selon l'invention, et
  • La figure 6 représente, sous forme schématique, la partie du dispositif selon la figure 4, mais avec différentes positions de son élément essentiel permettant d'illustrer les avantages du dispositif selon l'invention,
Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will appear during the following description given with reference to the drawings annexed by way of illustration, but in no way limiting, in which:
  • FIG. 4 represents, seen from the front, an embodiment of a part of the device according to the invention,
  • FIG. 5 represents, in the form of a diagram making it possible to define its structure, the essential element of the device according to the invention, and
  • FIG. 6 represents, in schematic form, the part of the device according to FIG. 4, but with different positions of its essential element making it possible to illustrate the advantages of the device according to the invention,

Il est en outre rappelé que:

  • Les figures 1 et 2 représentent, en vue de face, deux modes de réalisation d'une partie d'un dispositif selon l'art antérieur, et que
  • La figure 3 représente, en vue de dessus et sous forme schématique, un dispositif pour cisailler des corps de toute nature en accord avec le mode de réalisation selon la figure 1.
It is further recalled that:
  • Figures 1 and 2 show, in front view, two embodiments of part of a device according to the prior art, and that
  • FIG. 3 represents, in top view and in schematic form, a device for shearing bodies of all kinds in accordance with the embodiment according to FIG. 1.

Il est de plus précisé que la représentation schématique selon la figure 3 permet d'expliciter les caractéristiques communes à la structure du dispositif selon l'art antérieur et à celle du dispositif selon l'invention. En conséquence, si cela est nécessaire pour sa compréhension, la description qui suit, d'un exemple de mise en oeuvre de l'invention, peut également se référer à cette figure 3, ainsi qu'aux figures 1 et 2.It is further specified that the schematic representation according to FIG. 3 makes it possible to explain the characteristics common to the structure of the device according to the prior art and to that of the device according to the invention. Consequently, if necessary for its understanding, the following description, of an example of implementation of the invention, can also refer to this FIG. 3, as well as to FIGS. 1 and 2.

Dans le but de simplifier la description et de faciliter sa compréhension, les mêmes références figurant dans les six figures désignent donc les mêmes éléments, quelle que soit la figure sur laquelle elles apparaissent et quelle que soit la forme de représentation de ces éléments.In order to simplify the description and facilitate its understanding, the same references appearing in the six figures therefore designate the same elements, whatever the figure on which they appear and whatever the form of representation of these elements.

En se référant plus particulièrement à la figure 4, celle-ci représente un mode de réalisation d'une partie d'un dispositif selon l'invention, le dispositif complet se déduisant de cet représentation, de celle de la figure 3, de la description ci-dessus relative à un dispositif selon l'art antérieur et de la description ci-après.Referring more particularly to FIG. 4, this represents an embodiment of part of a device according to the invention, the complete device deducing from this representation, from that of FIG. 3, from the description above relating to a device according to the prior art and the description below.

En revenant plus particulièrement à cette figure 4, le dispositif illustré comporte, un caisson 1, au moins un arbre 3 monté rotatif dans le caisson autour d'un axe de rotation 7 (6) situé à une distance donnée 100 d'une partie de paroi 19 du caisson, au moins un disque cisaille 8 monté centré sur l'arbre 3, au moins une bague d'entretoise 9 affectant une forme générale cylindrique de révolution, cette bague étant montée centrée sur l'arbre 3 et sensiblement au contact d'une face du disque cisaille 8, et au moins une plaque racleur 20.Returning more particularly to this FIG. 4, the device illustrated comprises, a box 1, at least one shaft 3 mounted to rotate in the box around a rotation axis 7 (6) located at a given distance 100 from a part of wall 19 of the box, at least one shear disc 8 mounted centered on the shaft 3, at least one spacer ring 9 having a general shape cylindrical of revolution, this ring being mounted centered on the shaft 3 and substantially in contact with one face of the shear disc 8, and at least one scraper plate 20.

Dans cette représentation selon la figure 4, il n'est illustré qu'une partie du dispositif selon l'invention. Il est cependant bien évident que le dispositif complet peut comporter, sur l'arbre 3, une pluralité d'éléments tels que les disques cisailles 8 et les bagues d'entretoise 9 montés en un empilement comme l'empilement 5, auquel sont associées des plaques racleurs 20 telles que décrites ci-après. De même, un tel dispositif comporte de façon avantageuse, bien que cela ne soit pas indispensable, un second empilement comme l'empilement 4 décrit en regard de la figure 3.In this representation according to FIG. 4, only part of the device according to the invention is illustrated. It is however quite obvious that the complete device can comprise, on the shaft 3, a plurality of elements such as the shear discs 8 and the spacer rings 9 mounted in a stack like the stack 5, with which are associated scraper plates 20 as described below. Likewise, such a device advantageously comprises, although this is not essential, a second stack like the stack 4 described with reference to FIG. 3.

Les disques cisailles 8 peuvent prendre différentes formes, par exemple celle de scies circulaires mais plus avantageusement une forme comme décrite ci-avant, c'est-à-dire avec une proéminence 11 terminée par une partie coupante 12.The shear discs 8 can take different forms, for example that of circular saws but more advantageously a shape as described above, that is to say with a prominence 11 terminated by a cutting part 12.

Les plaques racleurs 20 présentent une forme générale sensiblement inscrite dans un triangle 30 (ou assimilable). Elles ont une épaisseur au plus égale à l'épaisseur des bagues d'entretoise 9 et comportent, sensiblement à un sommet 31 du triangle 30, une encoche 21 de forme concave cylindrique de révolution de même rayon que les bagues d'entretoise 9. Il est en outre prévu, dans le dispositif, des moyens pour monter chaque plaque racleur 20 en association avec le caisson 1 de façon que l'encoche 21 soit sensiblement au contact de la tranche 32 de la bague d'entretoise 9 et que l'axe de révolution 33 de l'encoche 21 soit sensiblement confondu avec l'axe 7 de l'arbre de rotation 3.The scraper plates 20 have a general shape substantially inscribed in a triangle 30 (or similar). They have a thickness at most equal to the thickness of the spacer rings 9 and comprise, substantially at a vertex 31 of the triangle 30, a notch 21 of concave cylindrical shape of revolution of the same radius as the spacer rings 9. It is further provided in the device, means for mounting each scraper plate 20 in association with the box 1 so that the notch 21 is substantially in contact with the edge 32 of the spacer ring 9 and that the axis of revolution 33 of the notch 21 is substantially coincident with the axis 7 of the rotation shaft 3.

La figure 5 représente, sous forme d'un diagramme permettant de définir sa structure, une plaque racleur 20 isolée. Selon une caractéristique importante de l'invention, chaque plaque racleur 20 comporte essentiellement deux premier 34 et second 35 secteurs séparés par un plan imaginaire 36 contenant l'axe de révolution 33 de l'encoche 21 et coupant le côté 37 du triangle opposé au sommet 31 sur lequel est réalisée cette encoche.FIG. 5 represents, in the form of a diagram making it possible to define its structure, an insulated scraper plate 20. According to an important characteristic of the invention, each scraper plate 20 essentially comprises two first 34 and second 35 sectors separated by an imaginary plane 36 containing the axis of revolution 33 of the notch 21 and cutting the side 37 of the triangle opposite the apex 31 on which this notch is made.

Selon une autre caractéristique importante de l'invention, tous les points 38 du bord du premier secteur 34 sont à une distance de l'axe de révolution 33 de l'encoche 21 au plus égale à la distance donnée 100, figures 4 et 6, qui représente donc la distance minimale séparant l'axe de rotation 7 (6) et la partie de paroi 19 (18) du caisson 1.According to another important characteristic of the invention, all the points 38 of the edge of the first sector 34 are at a distance from the axis of revolution 33 of the notch 21 at most equal to the given distance 100, FIGS. 4 and 6, which therefore represents the minimum distance separating the axis of rotation 7 (6) and the wall part 19 (18) of the box 1.

De plus, au moins un point du bord du second secteur 35 est à une distance supérieure à cette distance donnée 100.In addition, at least one point on the edge of the second sector 35 is at a distance distance greater than this given distance 100.

Dans un mode de réalisation préférentiel, lorsque la partie de paroi 19 du caisson est sensiblement plane, comme illustré sur les figures 4 et 5, tous les points 38 de la partie 40 du bord du premier secteur 34 correspondant au côté 37 du triangle 30 opposé au sommet 31 sur lequel est réalisée l'encoche 21 sont à une même distance de l'axe de révolution 33 de l'encoche 21 et légèrement inférieure à la distance donnée 100, tous ces points 38 étant donc situés sur un arc de cercle centré sur l'axe de révolution 33. De plus, presque tous les points 39 de la partie 41 du bord du second secteur 35 correspondant au côté 37 du triangle 30 opposé au sommet 31 sont à une distance de l'axe de révolution de l'encoche supérieure à la distance donnée 100 et sont sensiblement situés dans un plan 42 qui, de façon préférentielle, est parallèle au plan de la partie de paroi 19 quand la plaque racleur 20 est en position opérationnelle, figure 4.In a preferred embodiment, when the wall part 19 of the box is substantially planar, as illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 5, all the points 38 of the part 40 of the edge of the first sector 34 corresponding to the side 37 of the opposite triangle 30 at the top 31 on which the notch 21 is made are at the same distance from the axis of revolution 33 of the notch 21 and slightly less than the given distance 100, all these points 38 therefore being located on a centered arc on the axis of revolution 33. In addition, almost all the points 39 of the part 41 of the edge of the second sector 35 corresponding to the side 37 of the triangle 30 opposite the vertex 31 are at a distance from the axis of revolution of the notch greater than the given distance 100 and are substantially situated in a plane 42 which, preferably, is parallel to the plane of the wall part 19 when the scraper plate 20 is in the operational position, FIG. 4.

De façon avantageuse, les plaques racleurs 20 sont conçues de façon que, lorsqu'elles sont en position opérationnelle, la partie 41 du bord de leur second secteur 35 vienne au contact de la paroi 19 du caisson 1. Cette caractéristique est particulièrement avantageuse car elle confère au dispositif une meilleure rigidité lorsqu'il fonctionne. En effet, en s'appuyant contre cette paroi 19 du caisson et en maintenant les bagues d'entretoise 9, les plaques racleurs 20 contribuent à maintenir les deux arbres de rotation 2 et 3 parfaitement parallèles lors du cisaillement des corps.Advantageously, the scraper plates 20 are designed so that, when they are in the operational position, the part 41 of the edge of their second sector 35 comes into contact with the wall 19 of the box 1. This characteristic is particularly advantageous because it gives the device better rigidity when operating. Indeed, by pressing against this wall 19 of the box and by maintaining the spacer rings 9, the scraper plates 20 help to keep the two rotation shafts 2 and 3 perfectly parallel during the shearing of the bodies.

Dans une réalisation avantageuse pour des raisons de réalisation, d'utilisation et de maintenance du dispositif, les deux parties de bord 40 et 41, respectivement du premier secteur 34 et du second secteur 35, correspondant au côté 37 du triangle 30 opposé au sommet 31 sur lequel est réalisée l'encoche 21, sont en continuité l'une de l'autre, comme illustré sur les figures 4 à 6.In an advantageous embodiment for reasons of realization, use and maintenance of the device, the two edge parts 40 and 41, respectively of the first sector 34 and the second sector 35, corresponding to the side 37 of the triangle 30 opposite the vertex 31 on which the notch 21 is produced, are in continuity with one another, as illustrated in FIGS. 4 to 6.

Dans une réalisation possible, les moyens pour monter la plaque racleur 20 en association avec le caisson 1 sont constitués par au moins une tringle 23 parallèle à l'axe de rotation 7 (6) qui traverse la plaque racleur 20 par une percée 45, et par des moyens de paliers réalisés dans le caisson. Ces paliers sont par exemple réalisés dans la paroi du caisson en la traversant, de façon que la tringle 23 puisse être facilement enlevée en la faisant glisser parallèlement à elle-même à travers la paroi du caisson et les plaques racleurs 20. Ces paliers ne présentent pas de difficulté de mise en oeuvre pour un homme du métier et ne seront pas plus amplement décrits ici.In one possible embodiment, the means for mounting the scraper plate 20 in association with the casing 1 are constituted by at least one rod 23 parallel to the axis of rotation 7 (6) which crosses the scraper plate 20 by a breakthrough 45, and by means of bearings made in the box. These bearings are for example made in the wall of the box by crossing it, so that the rod 23 can be easily removed by sliding it parallel to itself through the wall of the box and the scraper plates 20. These bearings do not have no difficulty in implementation for a person skilled in the art and will not be described more fully here.

Ces moyens pour monter la plaque racleur 20 en association avec le caisson 1 pourraient aussi être constitués, par exemple, par des clavettes traversant la paroi 19 du caisson 1 associées aux plaques, au nombre d'au moins une clavette par plaque.These means for mounting the scraper plate 20 in association with the box 1 could also be formed, for example, by keys passing through the wall 19 of box 1 associated with the plates, at least one key per plate.

De façon avantageuse, le dispositif comporte en outre au moins une barre 50 montée en association avec le caisson 1. Cette barre 50 est sensiblement parallèle à l'axe de rotation 7, (6) et elle est située à une distance de cet axe de rotation 7 (6) légèrement supérieure à la distance séparant le point du disque cisaille 8 le plus éloigné de l'axe de rotation 7 (6) et dans l'espace 51 délimité par le bord 52 (ou la tranche) du disque cisaille 8 et la partie 53 du bord du premier secteur 34 correspondant au côté 54 du triangle 30 partant du sommet 31 sur lequel est réalisée l'encoche 21, figures 4 et 5.Advantageously, the device further comprises at least one bar 50 mounted in association with the box 1. This bar 50 is substantially parallel to the axis of rotation 7, (6) and it is located at a distance from this axis of rotation 7 (6) slightly greater than the distance separating the point of the shear disc 8 furthest from the axis of rotation 7 (6) and in the space 51 delimited by the edge 52 (or the edge) of the shear disc 8 and the part 53 of the edge of the first sector 34 corresponding to the side 54 of the triangle 30 starting from the apex 31 on which the notch 21 is made, FIGS. 4 and 5.

Dans le cas du mode de réalisation des disques cisailles 8 comme illustré sur les figures, le point de ce disque cisaille le plus éloigné de l'axe 7 (6) est le sommet 59 de l'extrémité coupante 12.In the case of the embodiment of the shear discs 8 as illustrated in the figures, the point of this shear disc furthest from the axis 7 (6) is the apex 59 of the cutting end 12.

Sont également prévus des moyens de paliers pour maintenir la barre 50. Ces paliers sont réalisés dans la paroi du caisson en la traversant de façon que la barre 50 puisse être facilement enlevée en la faisant glisser parallèlement à elle-même à travers la paroi du caisson. Ces paliers ne présentent pas de difficulté de mise en oeuvre pour un homme du métier et ne seront pas plus amplement décrits ici.There are also provided means for bearings to hold the bar 50. These bearings are made in the wall of the box by crossing it so that the bar 50 can be easily removed by sliding it parallel to itself through the wall of the box . These bearings do not present any implementation difficulty for a person skilled in the art and will not be described more fully here.

Dans un mode de réalisation avantageux, la barre 50 est montée en association avec le caisson 1 de façon qu'elle soit au contact de la partie 53 du bord du premier secteur 34 correspondant au côté 54 du triangle 30 partant du sommet 31, quand la plaque racleur 20 est dans sa position opérationnelle comme représentée sur la figure 4. Comme illustré sur les figures 4 et 6, il est de plus avantageux que cette barre soit au moins partiellement située dans une rainure 55 réalisée dans la partie 53 du bord du premier secteur 34 correspondant au côté 54 du triangle 30 défini ci-avant.In an advantageous embodiment, the bar 50 is mounted in association with the box 1 so that it is in contact with the part 53 of the edge of the first sector 34 corresponding to the side 54 of the triangle 30 starting from the apex 31, when the scraper plate 20 is in its operational position as shown in FIG. 4. As illustrated in FIGS. 4 and 6, it is more advantageous that this bar is at least partially located in a groove 55 produced in the part 53 of the edge of the first sector 34 corresponding to side 54 of triangle 30 defined above.

Dans ce cas, la barre 50 constitue un moyen de butée et de maintien pour le positionnement des plaques racleurs 20, comme explicité ci-après, mais elle peut aussi aider au cisaillement des morceaux de corps qui ont déjà été déchiquetés en passant dans d'espace 25 entre les deux empilements 4 et 5. Pour améliorer l'effet de cisaillement produit par la barre 50, un bord de la barre, par exemple celui qui est le plus proche du disque cisaille 8, est sensiblement conformé en partie coupante. Cette forme en lame n'a pas été particulièrement représentée sur les figures car elle est bien connue en elle-même. Elle présente par exemple la même forme que celle des extrémités coupantes 12 qui se trouvent sur les disques cisailles 8.In this case, the bar 50 constitutes a means of abutment and holding for the positioning of the scraper plates 20, as explained below, but it can also help in the shearing of the pieces of body which have already been shredded when passing through them. space 25 between the two stacks 4 and 5. To improve the shearing effect produced by the bar 50, an edge of the bar, for example that which is closest to the shear disc 8, is substantially shaped in part cutting. This blade shape has not been particularly shown in the figures because it is well known in itself. It has for example the same shape as that of the cutting ends 12 which are located on the shear discs 8.

Le dispositif décrit ci-dessus fonctionne et s'utilise de la façon suivante :The device described above works and is used in the following way:

Dans son utilisation normale pour cisailler des corps de différente nature, le dispositif selon.l'invention fonctionne de la même façon que ceux de l'art antérieur. Son fonctionnement ne sera donc pas plus amplement décrit ici.In its normal use for shearing bodies of different nature, the device according to the invention operates in the same way as those of the prior art. Its operation will therefore not be described more fully here.

Par contre, lorsque l'on veut procéder au nettoyage d'un tel dispositif, on opère de la façon suivante décrite plus particulièrement en regard des figures 4 et 6.On the other hand, when it is desired to clean such a device, the procedure is as described more particularly with reference to FIGS. 4 and 6.

On commence par faire glisser la tringle 23 parallèlement à elle-même pour la sortir complètement du caisson 1. De cette façon, les plaques racleurs 20 ne sont plus en appui que contre les bagues d'entretoise 9, et éventuellement contre la barre 50 et/ou la partie de paroi 19 du caisson 1. De par leur structure, ces plaques racleurs 20 peuvent être pivotées comme illustré sur la figure 6 par la flèche 60. Cette figure 6 représente trois positions successives de la plaque racleur 20, une première position I en traits continus qui est sa position opérationnelle, mais avec la percée 45 libérée de la tringle 23, une deuxième position II en traits-points qui montre la plaque racleur 20 après avoir été pivotée autour de la bague d'entretoise 9 suivant la flèche 60, cette rotation étant possible du fait que tous les points 38 du premier secteur 34 défini ci-avant sont à une distance inférieure à la distance 100 séparant l'axe 3 de la paroi 19, et une troisième position III en traits interrompus qui montre la plaque racleur 20 sortie du caisson 1, généralement par son ouverture supérieure, suivant la direction indiquée par la flèche 61. Il en est ainsi pour toutes les plaques racleurs 20 du dispositif.We start by sliding the rod 23 parallel to itself to completely remove it from the box 1. In this way, the scraper plates 20 are no longer in abutment except against the spacer rings 9, and possibly against the bar 50 and / or the wall part 19 of the box 1. By their structure, these scraper plates 20 can be pivoted as illustrated in FIG. 6 by the arrow 60. This FIG. 6 represents three successive positions of the scraper plate 20, a first position I in solid lines which is its operational position, but with the breakthrough 45 freed from the rod 23, a second position II in dotted lines which shows the scraper plate 20 after having been pivoted around the spacer ring 9 according to the arrow 60, this rotation being possible because all the points 38 of the first sector 34 defined above are at a distance less than the distance 100 separating the axis 3 from the wall 19, and a third pos ition III in broken lines which shows the scraper plate 20 leaving the casing 1, generally by its upper opening, in the direction indicated by the arrow 61. This is the case for all the scraper plates 20 of the device.

Lorsque toutes les plaques racleurs 20 ont été enlevées comme décrit ci-dessus, il ne reste plus, dans le caisson, que les deux empilements 4 et 5. Le nettoyage peut donc facilement être effectué et, après avoir été elles-mêmes nettoyées, les plaques racleurs 20 peuvent être remises en place en suivant les opérations décrites ci-avant, mais dans le sens inverse.When all the scraper plates 20 have been removed as described above, only the two stacks 4 and 5 remain in the box. Cleaning can therefore easily be carried out and, after having been cleaned themselves, the scraper plates 20 can be replaced by following the operations described above, but in reverse.

La barre 50 peut, elle aussi, être enlevée en la faisant glisser parallèlement à elle-même sur ses paliers, ne serait-ce que pour faciliter le nettoyage. Cependant, il est avantageux qu'elle soit replacée la première, avant les plaques racleurs 20, pour que les rainures 55 des plaques racleurs viennent se positionner autour d'elle, comme visible sur les figures 4 et 6. Chaque plaque racleur 20 est ainsi bien maintenue entre deux disques cisailles consécutifs 8, contre le fond de la gorge 13 et sur la barre 50, jusqu'à ce que les tringles 23 soient remises en place en passant dans toutes les percées 45 et bloquées dans leurs paliers d'extrémités.The bar 50 can also be removed by sliding it parallel to itself on its bearings, if only to facilitate cleaning. However, it is advantageous for it to be replaced first, before the scraper plates 20, so that the grooves 55 of the scraper plates are positioned around it, as visible in FIGS. 4 and 6. Each scraper plate 20 is thus well maintained between two consecutive shear discs 8, against the bottom of the groove 13 and on the bar 50, until the rods 23 are replaced by passing through all the holes 45 and locked in their end bearings.

Il est à noter que, lorsque les moyens pour monter les plaques racleurs en association avec le caisson sont constitués par des clavettes comme mentionné ci-avant, il est possible, si cela est suffisant pour le nettoyage, de ne procéder au démontage que d'une seule plaque racleur.It should be noted that, when the means for mounting the scraper plates in association with the box are constituted by keys as mentioned above, it is possible, if this is sufficient for cleaning, to disassemble only a single scraper plate.

A la description ci-dessus, apparaît aisément le principal avantage du dispositif selon l'invention, à savoir que sa structure facilite grandement les opérations pour son nettoyage avant son utilisation pour cisailler et déchiqueter des corps en un matériau différent du matériau traité précédemment, le temps gagné pour un tel nettoyage étant très important par rapport aux dispositifs de l'art antérieur.From the above description, the main advantage of the device according to the invention is readily apparent, namely that its structure greatly facilitates the operations for cleaning it before its use for shearing and shredding bodies made of a material different from the material previously treated, the time saved for such cleaning being very important compared to the devices of the prior art.

Claims (10)

Dispositif pour cisailler des corps de différente nature, comportant: un caisson (1),. au moins un arbre (2, 3) monté rotatif dans ledit caisson autour d'un axe de rotation (6, 7) situé à une distance donnée d'une partie (19) de paroi du caisson, au moins un disque cisaille (8) monté centré sur ledit arbre, au moins une bague d'entretoise (9) affectant une forme générale cylindrique de révolution, ladite bague étant montée centrée sur ledit arbre et sensiblement au contact d'une face dudit disque cisaille (8), une plaque racleur (20) d'une forme générale sensiblement inscrite dans un triangle (30), ladite plaque racleur ayant une épaisseur au plus égale à l'épaisseur de ladite bague d'entretoise (9), ladite plaque comportant, sensiblement à un sommet (31) du triangle (30), une encoche (21) de forme concave cylindrique de révolution de même rayon que ladite bague d'entretoise, et des moyens pour monter ladite plaque racleur (20) en association avec ledit caisson (1) de façon que ladite encoche (21) soit sensiblement au contact de la tranche (32) de ladite bague d'entretoise (9) et que l'axe de révolution (33) de ladite encoche soit sensiblement confondu avec ledit axe de rotation (6, 7), caractérisé par le fait que ladite plaque racleur (20) comporte essentiellement deux premier (34) et second (35) secteurs séparés par un plan imaginaire (36) contenant l'axe de révolution (33) de ladite encoche et coupant le côté (37) du triangle (30) opposé au sommet (31) sur lequel est réalisée ladite encoche (21), tous les points du bord du premier secteur (34) étant à une distance de l'axe de révolution (33) de l'encoche (21) au plus égale à ladite distance donnée (100), et au moins un point du bord du second secteur (35) étant à une distance de l'axe de révolution (33) de l'encoche (21) supérieure à ladite distance donnée (100).Device for shearing bodies of different types, comprising: a box (1) ,. at least one shaft (2, 3) rotatably mounted in said box around a rotation axis (6, 7) located at a given distance from a part (19) of the wall of the box, at least one shear disc (8) mounted centered on said shaft, at least one spacer ring (9) having a generally cylindrical shape of revolution, said ring being mounted centered on said shaft and substantially in contact with one face of said shear disc (8), a scraper plate (20) of a general shape substantially inscribed in a triangle (30), said scraper plate having a thickness at most equal to the thickness of said spacer ring (9), said plate comprising, substantially at a apex (31) of the triangle (30), a notch (21) of concave cylindrical shape of revolution of the same radius as said spacer ring, and means for mounting said scraper plate (20) in association with said box (1) so that said notch (21) is substantially in contact with the edge (32) of said spacer ring (9) and that the axis of revolution (33) of said notch is substantially coincident with said axis of rotation (6, 7), characterized in that said scraper plate (20) essentially comprises two first (34) and second (35) sectors separated by an imaginary plane (36) containing the axis of revolution (33) of said notch and cutting the side (37 ) of the triangle (30) opposite the vertex (31) on which said notch (21) is formed, all the points of the edge of the first sector (34) being at a distance from the axis of revolution (33) of the notch (21) at most equal to said given distance (100), and at least one point of the edge of the second sector (35) being at a distance from the axis of revolution (33) of the notch (21) greater than said given distance (100). Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que, ladite partie (19) de paroi du caisson (1) étant sensiblement plane, tous les points (38) de la partie (40) du bord du premier secteur (34) correspondant au côté (37) du triangle (30) opposé au sommet (31) sur lequel est réalisée ladite encoche (21) sont à une distance de l'axe de révolution de l'encoche légèrement inférieure à ladite distance donnée (100), et que des points (39) de la partie (41) du bord du second secteur (35) correspondant au côté (37) du triangle (30) opposé au sommet (31) sur lequel est réalisée ladite encoche (21) sont à une distance de l'axe de révolution de l'encoche supérieure à ladite distance donnée et sont sensiblement situés dans un plan (42).Device according to claim 1, characterized in that, said part (19) of the wall of the box (1) being substantially planar, all the points (38) of the part (40) of the edge of the first sector (34) corresponding to the side (37) of the triangle (30) opposite the vertex (31) on which said notch (21) is formed are at a distance from the axis of revolution of the notch slightly less than said given distance (100), and that points (39) of the part (41) of the edge of the second sector (35) corresponding to the side (37) of the triangle (30) opposite the vertex (31) on which is carried out said notch (21) are at a distance from the axis of revolution of the notch greater than said given distance and are substantially located in a plane (42). Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé par le fait que les deux dites parties du bord (40, 41), respectivement du premier (34) et du second (35) secteur, correspondant au côté (37) du triangle (30) opposé au sommet (31) sur lequel est réalisée ladite encoche (21) sont en continuité l'une de l'autre.Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the two said parts of the edge (40, 41), respectively of the first (34) and the second (35) sector, corresponding to the side (37) of the triangle (30) opposite to the top (31) on which said notch (21) is produced are in continuity with one another. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que les moyens pour monter ladite plaque racleur (20) en association avec ledit caisson (1) sont constitués par au moins une tringle (23) parallèle audit axe de rotation (6, 7) et traversant ladite plaque racleur (20) par une percée (45), et par des moyens de paliers réalisés dans ledit caisson (1).Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the means for mounting said scraper plate (20) in association with said box (1) consist of at least one rod (23) parallel to said axis of rotation (6, 7) and passing through said scraper plate (20) by a breakthrough (45), and by bearing means produced in said box (1). Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé par le fait que les moyens pour monter ladite plaque racleur (20) en association avec ledit caisson (1) sont constitués par des clavettes traversant la partie de paroi (19) du caisson (1) associées aux plaques, au nombre d'au moins une clavette par plaque racleur (20).Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the means for mounting said scraper plate (20) in association with said box (1) consist of keys passing through the wall part (19) of the box ( 1) associated with the plates, at least one key per scraper plate (20). Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte en outre une barre (50) montée en association avec ledit caisson (1), ladite barre étant sensiblement parallèle audit axe de rotation (6, 7) et située à une distance de cedit axe de rotation légèrement supérieure à la distance séparant le point (59) du disque cisaille (8) le plus éloigné dudit axe de rotation (6, 7) et dans l'espace (51) délimité par le bord (52) du disque cisaille (8) et la partie (53) du bord du premier secteur (34) correspondant au côté (54) du triangle (30) partant du sommet (31) sur lequel est réalisée ladite encoche (31).Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises a bar (50) mounted in association with said box (1), said bar being substantially parallel to said axis of rotation (6, 7) and located at a distance from said axis of rotation slightly greater than the distance separating the point (59) of the shear disc (8) furthest from said axis of rotation (6, 7) and in the space (51) delimited by the edge ( 52) of the shear disc (8) and the part (53) of the edge of the first sector (34) corresponding to the side (54) of the triangle (30) starting from the top (31) on which said notch (31) is produced. Dispositif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé par le fait que ladite barre (50) est au contact de la partie (53) du bord du premier secteur (34) correspondant au côté (54) du triangle (30) partant du sommet (31) sur lequel est réalisée ladite encoche (21).Device according to Claim 6, characterized in that the said bar (50) is in contact with the part (53) of the edge of the first sector (34) corresponding to the side (54) of the triangle (30) starting from the top (31) on which said notch (21) is produced. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé par le fait que ladite barre (50) est partiellement située dans une rainure (55) réalisée dans la partie (53) du bord du premier secteur (34) correspondant au côté (54) du triangle (30) partant du sommet (31) sur lequel est réalisée ladite encoche (21).Device according to Claim 7, characterized in that the said bar (50) is partially located in a groove (55) produced in the part (53) of the edge of the first sector (34) corresponding to the side (54) of the triangle (30 ) starting from the top (31) on which said notch (21) is made. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisé par le fait qu'un bord de ladite barre (50) est sensiblement conformé en lame coupante.Device according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that an edge of said bar (50) is substantially shaped like a cutting blade. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 2 à 9, caractérisé par le fait que, lorsque la plaque racleur (20) est en position opérationnelle, ledit plan (42) est sensiblement confondu avec celui de ladite partie de paroi (19) sensiblement plane du caisson (1).Device according to one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that, when the scraper plate (20) is in the operational position, said plane (42) is substantially coincident with that of said wall portion (19) of substantially planar box (1).
EP19960401735 1995-08-25 1996-08-06 Shearing device for different kinds of bodies Expired - Lifetime EP0760257B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9510109 1995-08-25
FR9510109A FR2737979B1 (en) 1995-08-25 1995-08-25 DEVICE FOR SHEARING BODIES OF DIFFERENT NATURE

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EP0760257A1 true EP0760257A1 (en) 1997-03-05
EP0760257B1 EP0760257B1 (en) 2000-05-17

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EP19960401735 Expired - Lifetime EP0760257B1 (en) 1995-08-25 1996-08-06 Shearing device for different kinds of bodies

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EP (1) EP0760257B1 (en)
DE (1) DE69608376T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2737979B1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0997197A1 (en) 1998-10-30 2000-05-03 Didier Kuczer Knife for a shredding device with rotary shears adapted to be mounted on a polygonal shaft and shredder including such a knife

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2796864A1 (en) 1999-07-27 2001-02-02 Innodex Ind Machine for processing used cardboard and paper has first pair of parallel shafts with tools for longitudinal cutting and strapping of cardboard, and second pair of shafts carrying tools for transversal cutting

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1558423A (en) * 1978-03-03 1980-01-03 Dresser Europe Sa Shredding machine
WO1993016803A1 (en) * 1992-02-21 1993-09-02 Tilby Sydney E Improved slitting apparatus for sugarcane rind
EP0667187A1 (en) * 1994-02-11 1995-08-16 PRECIMECA Société Anonyme Waste shredder with external bearings connected to the housing

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1558423A (en) * 1978-03-03 1980-01-03 Dresser Europe Sa Shredding machine
WO1993016803A1 (en) * 1992-02-21 1993-09-02 Tilby Sydney E Improved slitting apparatus for sugarcane rind
EP0667187A1 (en) * 1994-02-11 1995-08-16 PRECIMECA Société Anonyme Waste shredder with external bearings connected to the housing

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0997197A1 (en) 1998-10-30 2000-05-03 Didier Kuczer Knife for a shredding device with rotary shears adapted to be mounted on a polygonal shaft and shredder including such a knife
FR2785203A1 (en) 1998-10-30 2000-05-05 Didier Kuczer KNIFE FOR SHREDDERS WITH ROTARY SHEARS SUITABLE TO BE THREADED ON A SHAFT WITH CROSS-SECTION OF REGULAR POLYGONAL SHAPE AND SHREDDER WITH SUCH A KNIFE

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0760257B1 (en) 2000-05-17
DE69608376T2 (en) 2001-01-04
DE69608376D1 (en) 2000-06-21
FR2737979A1 (en) 1997-02-28
FR2737979B1 (en) 1997-11-07

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