EP0757400B1 - Polariseur à micro-ondes - Google Patents

Polariseur à micro-ondes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0757400B1
EP0757400B1 EP19960111886 EP96111886A EP0757400B1 EP 0757400 B1 EP0757400 B1 EP 0757400B1 EP 19960111886 EP19960111886 EP 19960111886 EP 96111886 A EP96111886 A EP 96111886A EP 0757400 B1 EP0757400 B1 EP 0757400B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
probes
microwave
waveguide
polariser
probe
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19960111886
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0757400A1 (fr
Inventor
David Mark Harrison
Chaoying Guo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Technicolor SA
Original Assignee
Thomson Multimedia SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thomson Multimedia SA filed Critical Thomson Multimedia SA
Priority to EP19960111886 priority Critical patent/EP0757400B1/fr
Publication of EP0757400A1 publication Critical patent/EP0757400A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0757400B1 publication Critical patent/EP0757400B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/16—Auxiliary devices for mode selection, e.g. mode suppression or mode promotion; for mode conversion
    • H01P1/161—Auxiliary devices for mode selection, e.g. mode suppression or mode promotion; for mode conversion sustaining two independent orthogonal modes, e.g. orthomode transducer

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a microwave polariser and particularly to a microwave polariser for coupling energy between a waveguide and a transmission line or vice versa.
  • Coupling of energy between a waveguide and a transmission line leading to an amplifier is usually achieved by the use of one or more wire probes inserted into the waveguide cavity through the wall of the waveguide, so that the probes are lying transverse to its axis.
  • two such probes are required to be mutually orthogonal within the cavity.
  • Those probes can be spaced from one another a prescribed distance, normally one wavelength, in the direction of the axis or can be arranged in a common plane orthogonal to the waveguide axis.
  • These polarisers for circular polarisation are often used for receiving of television signals by satellites where often different polarisations for different channels are employed.
  • GB-A-2235340 discloses a microwave polariser with a waveguide and two transmission lines that are connected at one end to a low noise amplifier and at the other end to a probe, wherein the two probes are arranged orthogonally in a plane orthogonal to the axis of the waveguide and penetrate into said waveguide.
  • the length of the probes x, penetrating into the waveguide are reduced to reduce the coupling between the probes. This also has the effect of reducing their input impedance.
  • the signal collected by the probes is amplified using a low noise HEMT amplifier.
  • the resistive part of the impedance is less than 50 ohms, typically 20 ohms. This can be achieved by shortening the length of the probes, penetrating into the waveguide. This has the further advantage, that normally no matching network is necessary between the probes and the input of the amplifier to optimize the noise performance of the amplifier, which was the case in the previous state of the art.
  • the microwave polariser according to the invention for coupling energy between a waveguide and a transmission line connected to an amplifier, especially a low noise amplifier comprises two orthogonal probes arranged in a plane orthogonal to the axis of the waveguide and penetrating a length x into the waveguide, wherein the penetration depth x of the probes is set to a value corresponding to an impedance value smaller than 50 ohms, in particular to an impedance value corresponding to 20 ohms.
  • the two mutually orthogonal probes are mounted on a common microwave substrate and are etched on the surface of said microwave substrate
  • the microwave receiving/sending arrangement of this invention uses a polariser according to the invention and this microwave polariser is sandwiched between a circular waveguide and a circular lambda/4 short circuit cavity.
  • the microwave travelling in the waveguide is supplied by the feed of the antenna.
  • the probe signals picked up by the polariser are then amplified by a HEMT amplifier.
  • the length of the short circuit cavity can be adjusted properly.
  • Fig. 1a shows an end view of the microwave polariser according to the invention.
  • Two probes 1 and 2 are provided mutually orthogonal to each other on a microwave substrate 5.
  • the probes 1 and 2 are connected via, for example, microwave stripes 3, 4 to an amplifier (not shown).
  • the probes 1, 2 penetrate a depth x into the space provided by a waveguide 6.
  • the two end points of the probes E-E are spaced by a distance, wherein the cross polarisation (i.e. cross talk) increases when the distance between the two tips of the probes decreases.
  • the penetration depth x according to the invention is chosen so that the input impedance of the respective strobe is smaller than 50 ohms, preferably 20 ohms.
  • Fig. 1b shows a sectional plane view of the receiving/sending arrangment, with a polariser comprising probes 1, 2 and a substrate 5, which is sandwiched between a waveguide 6 and a short circuit cavity 7.
  • This short circuit cavity 7 is preferably approximately a quarter of a wavelength long.
  • the amplifier used is preferably of HEMT type. For example, in the usual case of the TE 11 mode propagating in the waveguide, where it can be assumed that the signal arriving from the satellite via the feed is polarised such that its electric field is perpendicular to probe 1, ideally the signal will appear only at the output of probe 2.
  • the depth of penetration of the probes 1, 2 is set to provide a 50 ohms output impedance, the distance of the two points E is so close, that due to the coupling between the probes a small amount of the signal will also appear at the output of probe 1.
  • This coupling degrades the cross polarisation of the system.
  • the penetration depth x is shortened so that the distance between the end points E of the two probes is increased, which reduces the coupling between the probes. This also has the effect of reducing the input impedance of the probes 1, 2.
  • the signal collected by the probes 1, 2 is amplified using a low noise HEMT amplifier (not shown).
  • the resistive part of the impedance is less than 50 ohms, typically 20 ohms.
  • This input impedance can be achieved by shortening the penetration depth x of the probes. For this reason a matching network between the probes and the input of the amplifier to optimise the noise performance of the amplifier is not necessary. This has the advantage that the network loss is omitted and the noise of the receiver is decreased. Further to improve the performance of the amplifier the length of the short circuit cavity should be properly adjusted.
  • the probes are not restricted to probes etched on a microwave substrate, but any type of probe system in a circular waveguide is possible.

Landscapes

  • Microwave Amplifiers (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Polariseur hyperfréquence pour transférer de l'énergie entre un guide d'ondes (6) et deux lignes de transmission (3, 4), chacune des lignes de transmission étant connectée à une extrémité sans circuit d'adaptation à un amplificateur à faible bruit et à l'autre extrémité à une sonde, dans lequel les deux sondes (1, 2) sont perpendiculaires et se trouvent dans un plan perpendiculaire à l'axe dudit guide d'ondes et pénètrent d'une longueur x dans ledit guide d'ondes, caractérisé en ce que lesdits amplificateurs à faible bruit sont des amplificateurs HEMT dans lesquels la partie résistive de l'impédance d'entrée est inférieure à 50 ohms et en ce que - en augmentant la distance entre les extrémités des sondes (E) - ladite profondeur de pénétration x de chacune desdites sondes (1 , 2) est fixée à une valeur telle que le couplage entre lesdites sondes est réduit et l'impédance d'entrée des sondes qui en résulte s'adapte à celle desdits amplificateurs HEMT.
  2. Polariseur hyperfréquence selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ladite profondeur de pénétration x de chacune desdites sondes (1, 2) est fixée à une valeur telle que l'impédance de la sonde qui en résulte correspond à 20 ohms.
  3. Polariseur hyperfréquence selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel lesdites sondes (1, 2) sont montées sur un substrat hyperfréquence commun (5).
  4. Polariseur hyperfréquence selon la revendication 3, dans lequel lesdites sondes (1, 2) sont photogravées sur la surface dudit substrat hyperfréquence (5).
  5. Structure hyperfréquence de réception/émission utilisant un polariseur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, dans laquelle le polariseur est intercalé entre un guide d'ondes circulaire (6) et une cavité en court-circuit cylindrique (7) de longueur λ/4.
  6. Structure selon la revendication 5, dans laquelle le guide d'ondes (6) est alimenté par l'excitation d'une antenne.
EP19960111886 1995-08-03 1996-07-24 Polariseur à micro-ondes Expired - Lifetime EP0757400B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19960111886 EP0757400B1 (fr) 1995-08-03 1996-07-24 Polariseur à micro-ondes

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP95401826 1995-08-03
EP95401826 1995-08-03
EP19960111886 EP0757400B1 (fr) 1995-08-03 1996-07-24 Polariseur à micro-ondes

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0757400A1 EP0757400A1 (fr) 1997-02-05
EP0757400B1 true EP0757400B1 (fr) 2003-10-29

Family

ID=26140565

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19960111886 Expired - Lifetime EP0757400B1 (fr) 1995-08-03 1996-07-24 Polariseur à micro-ondes

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0757400B1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001223501A (ja) 2000-02-14 2001-08-17 Sony Corp 伝送線路導波管変換器、マイクロ波受信用コンバータおよび衛星放送受信アンテナ
GB2401995B (en) * 2003-05-20 2006-08-16 E2V Tech Uk Ltd Radar duplexing arrangement

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4158183A (en) * 1976-12-22 1979-06-12 Hughes Aircraft Company Compact, in-plane orthogonal mode launcher
GB8816276D0 (en) 1988-07-08 1988-08-10 Marconi Co Ltd Waveguide coupler
JPH0336243U (fr) * 1989-08-22 1991-04-09
DE4305906A1 (de) * 1993-02-26 1994-09-01 Philips Patentverwaltung Wellenleiteranordnung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0757400A1 (fr) 1997-02-05

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