Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
  • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
  • F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
  • F16K11/02—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit
  • F16K11/04—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only lift valves
  • F16K11/052—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only lift valves with pivoted closure members, e.g. butterfly valves
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
  • Y02E20/16—Combined cycle power plant [CCPP], or combined cycle gas turbine [CCGT]

Definitions

• the present invention aims to make improvements to the smoke deflection register which is intended for so-called combined cycle power plants.
• the so-called combined cycle power plants consist of a gas turbine driving an alternator, an energy recovery boiler generating steam and a steam turbine also driving an alternator.
• a boiler is provided to recover the heat energy contained in the exhaust gases from the gas turbine, the latter being in fact characterized by a large volume and a high temperature.
• the combined cycle is characterized by very low pollution, very high efficiency, and high starting speed.
• a smoke bypass duct generally qualified as a "smoke bypass”
• a smoke bypass duct is generally installed on the exhaust gas circuit of the gas turbine, before the boiler, in order to allow, as necessary, direct the hot gases either directly to the atmosphere or to the boiler.
• This ensures independence of the gas and steam cycles and allows you to benefit from the advantages inherent in gas turbine, i.e. an extremely fast start-up and a very short installation time, when the steam cycle is not available or is not necessary.
• the turbine then works in an open cycle, that is to say with direct evacuation of the fumes to the atmosphere.
• the smoke by-pass must be equipped with a device for diverting the flow of hot gas, namely a smoke deflection register.
• the gases circulate at speeds of the order of 100 to 150 m / H and have temperatures of the order of 650 ° C.
• the smoke deflection register which is in fact a sophisticated equipment, must meet many performance criteria. These include, among other things, a very high level of watertightness and rapid and reliable maneuverability in all circumstances. It should also be noted that this operation is subject to very severe conditions: very large dimensions (of the order of 6mx7mx7m), high smoke temperatures, significant thermal shock, high smoke speed and great turbulence thereof.
• multi-vent devices which include two registers, one on the smoke by-pass, the other on the gas duct in the direction of the boiler.
• Each of these registers generally consists of several flaps each rotating on their axis. The rotation of the flaps opens or closes the gas duct where it is placed. This technique allows a good capacity for adjusting the smoke flow, but this characteristic is not sought in the combined cycle.
• Their drawbacks are the poor sealing performance due to the great length of their sealing joint and a non-negligible risk which may arise from the simultaneous closure of the two registers which would cause significant damage to the upstream equipment.
• This type of equipment offers very good sealing performance, guaranteeing maximum efficiency in the combined cycle and is well suited to machines with power up to 120 MW.
• a single door is mounted on a support shaft but the control is carried out by a separate tubular shaft connected to the door by connecting rods.
• the tubular control shaft must be of large diameter and significant thickness because, being located in the smoke by-pass it undergoes significant thermal and mechanical stresses during the operation of the door.
• Document EP-A-0 533 282 describes the principle of controlling a door by a hinge shaft. As already mentioned, it should be noted that this type of control is reserved for small doors and turbines of limited power. Indeed, for larger sizes, it is observed that the motor torque of the shaft reaches high values leading to oversizing the mechanism.
• control by the shaft in the case of the use of large doors does not offer any guarantee against vibrations during opening and closing operations.
• Document US-A-4 354 528 describes a register used in a completely different application (dust collector) in which sealing is in no case required.
• the shutter control rod is guided in an outlet tube and can in no case be exposed to high temperatures which would be liable to deteriorate it or which would risk jamming it in the guide tube.
• Document FR-A-2 305 666 describes a register for smoke flues but which probably does not concern gas turbines.
• the present invention aims to offer an improved device adaptable to the registers of current machines as well as those of future high power in particular, all of this avoiding the aforementioned drawbacks of the solutions of the prior art.
• the present invention aims to offer a device which makes it possible to combine the following advantages: good sealing, control not exposed to high temperatures, simple door operating parts as well as a design which can be adapted to large dimensions sheaths in the case of powerful turbines.
• the solution proposed by the invention consists of a register consisting of a single door hinged on a shaft intended solely to support the door in order to benefit from the advantages which are associated with it in the "Toggle" embodiment.
• the door is maneuvered by tie rods articulated at the bottom of the door by means of spherical ball joints and which pass through the body of the damper in a lateral oblique wall of the duct. smoke.
• the tie rods are connected to a guided transverse beam, itself maneuvered by appropriate means located on either side of the register body.
• this maneuver is ensured by two jacks whose rectilinear movement opens or closes the door by imparting to the guided transverse beam an essentially vertical movement along the guides of the beam.
• the door in its closed position towards the boiler that is to say that of the open cycle operation is arranged at an angle inclined with respect to the horizontal.
• the upper corner towards the bypass is strongly cut by a side wall, preferably practically parallel to the door in said closed position.
• the bottom of the register includes a housing that can receive the bottom of the door and forming a stop for the latter.
• the door consists of a tubular resistance chassis designed to be able to possibly resist torsional forces, thus ensuring great stability for the assembly, and on which are mounted sealing faces each provided with simple sealing joints. or double and thermal insulation.
• the faces are connected to the chassis by a flexible system, allowing, in a manner known per se, the differential free expansions between the elements.
• the seals are of the conventional type with flexible metallurgical lamellae, mounted in single or double rows, possibly with injection of airtightness ensuring a total impermeability to the fumes.
• the tightness of the tie rods when the body passes is achieved by a labyrinth system with or without sealing segments, mounted on a mobile system allowing relative transverse movements of the tie rods relative to the body.
• a labyrinth system with or without sealing segments mounted on a mobile system allowing relative transverse movements of the tie rods relative to the body.
• the door shaft only has the function of supporting the door, this shaft is therefore not motor and its ends do not pass through the body of the damper and no complementary motor shaft (which in the case of the Toggle execution form is provided) does not exist in the proposed form, which avoids the sealing problems specific to this level.
• the bearings of the support shaft according to the embodiment also consist of spherical ball joints.
• the body of the register is thermally insulated, either internally or externally.
• Control systems including cylinders can be mechanical or hydraulic.
• a control system is provided to permanently ensure the perfectly synchronized operation of the two cylinders.
• the damper can be equipped with an integrated closing plate, installed at the outlet of the damper in the direction of the boiler and which ensures a total seal against smoke and temperature and allows the mounting and / or maintenance of the boiler while keeping the gas turbine in service, in open cycle.
• an integrated closing plate installed at the outlet of the damper in the direction of the boiler and which ensures a total seal against smoke and temperature and allows the mounting and / or maintenance of the boiler while keeping the gas turbine in service, in open cycle.
• the tie rods work in pure traction and compression, and are therefore easily loaded: heavy parts which do not withstand thermal stresses well are avoided.
• the dimensions are adaptable to any gas turbine, whatever its power and its exhaust temperature. -
• the door is firmly held at 4 points with reduced play and by design the point of instability practically no longer exists.
• Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a combined cycle power plant.
• FIG. 2 shows a schematic side view, in partial section, of a through-tie damper according to the invention in the position of opening towards the smoke bypass duct (smoke bypass).
• Figure 3 is a schematic view similar to Figure 2 illustrating the two positions of the door and the movement of the tie rods.
• FIG. 4 is a front view, from left to right, that is to say from the gas turbine side to the boiler corresponding to FIG. 2.
• Figure 5 is a general perspective view of the register from the rear, that is to say that the gases from the gas turbine arrive from the right of the figure.
• Figure 6 is a detailed view of the hinge of the door on its axis (detail A in Figure 3).
• Figure 7 is a detail view of the sealing joints for tie rods in the body of the bypass (detail B in Figure 3)
• a combined cycle power plant as shown in Figure 1, consists essentially of a gas turbine 1 driving an alternator, an energy recovery boiler 3 generating steam used to supply a steam turbine also driving an alternator.
• a register 2 must allow, as the case may be whether or not to use the boiler, to direct the gases either directly to the atmosphere through the chimney 4, or towards the boiler 3 and then towards the atmosphere through the chimney 5.
• the essential characteristic is the fact that the register according to the invention is first of all mono-louver therefore consists of a single door 10 hinged to a shaft 11 intended only to support the door.
• the door is maneuvered by tie rods 13 articulated at the bottom of the door by means of spherical ball joints 15.
• the articulated tie rods pass through the body of the damper 2 in a lateral oblique wall 22 of the duct smoke bypass 21.
• the tie rods are connected at their upper part to a transverse beam 31, itself maneuvered by appropriate means, located on either side of the body of the register in this case, hydraulic cylinders 35.
• the beam 31 is held in a guide device 33.
• the door can thus carry out a movement from a substantially horizontal position which closes the smoke bypass duct (indicated as 10 ′ in FIG. 3) towards a position (indicated as 10 ′′ in FIG. 3) which is inclined relative to the horizontal, the corner 40 towards the bypass is strongly cut for the reasons mentioned in the characteristic elements.
• the bottom of the register comprises a housing forming a stop 41 which can receive the door and avoid turbulence which would otherwise be caused by the projecting part of the door projecting from the bottom.
• the door consists of a tubular resistance frame on which sealing faces are mounted.
• the seals are of the conventional type.
• the invention provides that the tie rod is provided with a bellows seal system 43 which allows relative transverse movements tie rods relative to the body 22.
• a labyrinth system preferably provided with sealing segments also allows the longitudinal movement of the tie relative to the body.
• an appropriate arrangement of the tie rods allows complete movement (from position 10 ′ to position 10 ′′) of the door with limited transverse movements of the tie rods relative to the body of the damper.
• no control shaft is arranged in the stream of hot gases (fumes) derived by the bypass.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Lift Valve (AREA)
• Air-Flow Control Members (AREA)
• Air Supply (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=3888091

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (13)

Families Citing this family (2)

Family Cites Families (5)

• 1994
  • 1994-04-11 BE BE9400373A patent/BE1008358A3/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
• 1995
  • 1995-04-11 PL PL95316727A patent/PL316727A1/xx unknown
  • 1995-04-11 CN CN95193008.7A patent/CN1147850A/zh active Pending
  • 1995-04-11 HU HU9602754A patent/HUT74894A/hu unknown
  • 1995-04-11 CA CA002186589A patent/CA2186589A1/fr not_active Abandoned
  • 1995-04-11 EP EP95915710A patent/EP0755490A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 1995-04-11 WO PCT/BE1995/000035 patent/WO1995027863A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1995-04-11 AU AU22504/95A patent/AU2250495A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1995-04-11 JP JP7525985A patent/JPH10503253A/ja active Pending
  • 1995-04-11 CZ CZ962995A patent/CZ299596A3/cs unknown
  • 1995-04-11 BR BR9507453A patent/BR9507453A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
• 1996
  • 1996-10-07 FI FI964015A patent/FI964015A/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1996-10-10 NO NO964322A patent/NO964322L/no unknown

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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