Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
  • F02B25/00—Engines characterised by using fresh charge for scavenging cylinders
  • F02B25/14—Engines characterised by using fresh charge for scavenging cylinders using reverse-flow scavenging, e.g. with both outlet and inlet ports arranged near bottom of piston stroke
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
  • F02B2275/00—Other engines, components or details, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
  • F02B2275/14—Direct injection into combustion chamber
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
  • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
  • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition

Definitions

• the principle of the invention relates to a two-stroke diesel engine with a volute air intake channel, and more particularly to a diesel engine which has an air intake channel which has a spiral shape and which is arranged on a part of the circumference of the wall of the cylinder, the inlet channel which is arranged at the place of the bottom dead center of the piston being connected to the cylinder by transfer channels which are separated by shaped walls blades.
• two-stroke diesel engines operate on the principle that the air intake, which is the oxidizer, is constant, and that the fuel injection is variable.
• the action on the accelerator pedal makes it possible to adjust the quantity of fuel which is distributed.
• the power of two-stroke diesel engines is dependent on the quality of the oxidizer-fuel mixture, the optimum power being obtained when each molecule of fuel can combine with one molecule of oxidizer.
• the mixing of the oxidant in the cylinder is essential to guarantee that an optimal proportion of fuel molecules can combine with the oxidant molecules. Insufficient mixing of the oxidizer results in a lack of homogeneity of the oxidizer-fuel mixture which results in the fact that a certain proportion of the fuel is not burned and in the fact that the engine, the combustion of which is incomplete, operates. with a significant excess of oxidizer.
• valve-light combinations for example, the lights being intended for the intake of oxidizer and the valves for exhausting the burnt gases or vice versa.
• An embodiment known as the Schnurle principle has several lights which are arranged symmetrically on each side of the cylinder. This embodiment made it possible to bring a certain increase in the mixing and consequently in the power and the yield. However, the symmetrical arrival of the oxidant in the cylinder does not allow sufficient mixing to be created, which again results in a large loss of power and of efficiency compared to optimal power and efficiency.
• the aims of the present invention therefore consist in remedying the aforementioned drawbacks of known diesel engines.
• the two-stroke diesel engine with volute air intake channel comprises an air intake channel which is arranged over a large part of the circumference of the cylinder wall and which is connected to the cylinder by transfer channels which are separated from each other by vanes.
• the air is propelled into the volute intake channel by a turbo-compressor for example.
• the vanes separating the transfer channels are arranged at angles to the axis of the cylinder. In this way the air admitted when the piston is in bottom dead center, is propelled into the cylinder with a very strong vortex movement. This circular vortex movement is supplemented by an upward movement caused by the fact that the transfer channels gradually present an upward angle of the cylinder.
• the first transfer channel is arranged so that the air is propelled horizontally into the cylinder and the last channel is arranged so that the air is propelled at an angle of 45 "upwards by example: the strong movement vortical and circular and the progressive upward mixing of the air thus created in the cylinder are further accentuated by the fact that the volume of air admitted into the cylinder becomes progressively concentrated, by the displacement of the piston upwards, in the combustion chamber whose volume is much smaller than the cylinder.
• the very significant improvement in power and efficiency obtained by the principle of the invention makes it possible, with an equal power supply compared to known two-stroke diesel engines, to considerably reduce consumption and pollution.
• the principle of the invention makes it possible to considerably increase the power of the engine while preventing, by complete combustion, that this increase in power does not result in an increase in pollution.
• Figures 1 and 2 are sectional views, respectively vertical and horizontal, of the cylinder and the piston of a two-stroke diesel engine having a volute air intake channel.
• Figures 3, 4 and 5 are views in vertical section of transfer channels, respectively at the start, in an intermediate portion and at the end of the air intake channel.
• Figures 6 and 7 are sectional views, respectively vertical and horizontal, of an embodiment of a cylinder having an exhaust channel with closure device.
• Figures 8 and 9 are sectional views, respectively vertical and horizontal, of a cylinder having a volute air intake channel and an exhaust channel which also has a volute shape.
• the wall of a cylinder 2 comprises an air intake channel 1 which has a scroll shape.
• the air intake channel 1 is arranged over the major part of the circumference of the wall of the cylinder 2.
• the air intake channel 1 is connected to the interior of the cylinder 2 by transfer channels, by example 3, 4 and 5.
• the transfer channels are separated from each other by blades, for example blades 6, 7 and 8.
• the blades are arranged at an angle relative to the central axis of the cylinder.
• the transfer channels are arranged at the bottom dead center of a piston 9, so that they are open when the piston is in bottom dead center.
• the head of the piston 9 comprises a combustion chamber 10 in which the fuel-oxidant mixture takes place when the piston is in top dead center and when the fuel inector 11 injects the fuel.
• the combustion of the fuel-oxidant mixture occurs by self-ignition which is caused by the combined effects of very high pressure and temperature in the combustion chamber.
• air, or oxidizer is propelled into the intake channel 1 by a turbo-compressor, for example. The air thus propelled into the intake channel 1 is propelled into the cylinder 2 by the transfer channels.
• the vanes which separate the transfer channels are arranged at an angle to the central axis of the cylinder so that the air is propelled inside the cylinder with a very strong vortex movement around the axis of the cylinder.
• Air or oxidizer is admitted when the piston discovers the transfer channels.
• the vortex movement of the air or oxidant is further greatly increased when the piston rises, due to the difference in volume between the cylinder and the combustion chamber.
• the intake channel 1 has a volute shape and the intake channel becomes progressively smaller so that the air pressure propelled by the channels which are at the end of the air intake channel is sufficient.
• FIG. 3 shows a transfer channel 3 which is arranged at the start of the intake channel 1.
• the upper and lower faces of the transfer channel 3 are arranged in the horizontal plane and in this case the air is propelled horizontally into the cylinder.
• Figure 4 shows a transfer channel 4 which is arranged in an intermediate portion of the intake channel 1.
• the upper and lower faces of the transfer channel 4 are arranged with an upward angle relative to the horizontal plane.
• FIG. 5 shows a transfer channel 5 which is arranged at the end of the intake channel 1.
• the upper and lower faces of the transfer channel 5 are arranged with a strong upward angle relative to the horizontal plane.
• the angle of the upper and lower faces of the transfer channels gradually increases from 0 "for the first channel to 45 th , for example, for the last channel. In this way, in addition to the vortex movement around the 'axis of cylinder, the air is gradually propelled towards the top of the cylinder what further reinforces the vortex movement.
• the very strong vortex movement is amplified in the combustion chamber when the piston is in top dead center, and this strong vortex movement guarantees an optimal fuel-oxidant mixture when the fuel is dispensed.
• This optimal mixture makes it possible to guarantee complete combustion, which makes it possible to obtain a very significant improvement in yield which also results in a significant reduction in pollution.
• the air intake channel 1 has a volute shape, that is to say a spiral shape, the intake channel being progressively arranged downwards as a function of the angle of the channels of transfer.
• Figures 1 and 2 do not show exhaust.
• the exhaust is conventional and can be constituted by a valve arranged in the upper part of the cylinder for example.
• Figures 6 and 7 show an embodiment of a cylinder 14 which also includes an injector 11, with a piston 9 which comprises a combustion chamber 10, the piston being in this case shown in top dead center.
• the air intake channel 12 which is connected to the interior of the cylinder by transfer channels, for example the first transfer channel 13, is shorter than the intake channel shown in FIGS. 1 and 2
• An exhaust channel 15 is arranged, in the same horizontal plane, between the start and the end of the air intake channel. According to this embodiment, it is the strong vortex movement of the admitted air which guarantees the evacuation of the burnt gases.
• This embodiment comprises a closure device 16 which temporarily closes the exhaust channel in the first intake phase so as to prevent a portion of the admitted air from escaping through the exhaust channel .
• Figures 8 and 9 show an embodiment of a cylinder 16 which has an inlet channel 17, which has transfer channels, for example the transfer channel 18, which is shorter than on the forms of executions shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 6 and 7.
• This embodiment comprises, on part of the circumference of the cylinder, an exhaust channel 19 which is connected to the cylinder by transfer channels, the transfer channel 20 for example.
• the transfer channels of the exhaust channel are separated by vanes which form an angle with respect to the central axis of the cylinder.
• This embodiment with exhaust channel can allow better evacuation of the burnt gases, depending on the vortex movement of the admitted air.
• the number of different transfer channels can be varied according to the different design of the motors, as well as the angles of the blades or of the upper or lower faces of the transfer channels.
• the principle of the invention is independent of the number of cylinders of the engine, the principle being able to be applied both to single-cylinder engines and to engines with several cylinders.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
• Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)

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• 1995
  • 1995-02-06 CH CH32195A patent/CH690307A5/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
• 1996
  • 1996-02-06 AU AU44802/96A patent/AU4480296A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1996-02-06 WO PCT/CH1996/000045 patent/WO1996024757A1/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 1996-02-06 EP EP96900828A patent/EP0754268B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1996-02-06 DE DE69602317T patent/DE69602317T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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