EP0753715B1 - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Heat exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0753715B1
EP0753715B1 EP96109853A EP96109853A EP0753715B1 EP 0753715 B1 EP0753715 B1 EP 0753715B1 EP 96109853 A EP96109853 A EP 96109853A EP 96109853 A EP96109853 A EP 96109853A EP 0753715 B1 EP0753715 B1 EP 0753715B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
product
heat exchanger
exchanger according
housing
throughflow
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP96109853A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0753715A3 (en
EP0753715A2 (en
Inventor
Steffen Dipl.-Ing. Woelk (Th)
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C13SUGAR INDUSTRY
    • C13BPRODUCTION OF SUCROSE; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • C13B25/00Evaporators or boiling pans specially adapted for sugar juices; Evaporating or boiling sugar juices
    • C13B25/001Evaporators or boiling pans specially adapted for sugar juices; Evaporating or boiling sugar juices with heating tubes or plates
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28DHEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28FDETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F27/00Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus
    • F28F27/02Control arrangements or safety devices specially adapted for heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus for controlling the distribution of heat-exchange media between different channels

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger Panel construction according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a such plate heat exchanger for use in the Food and luxury food industry, for example, is out DE 31 17 496 A1 become known.
  • the flow resistance to reduce the viscous product has several distribution pipes extending over its top, which in turn lead to plate channels. The flow takes place in the downdraft principle by moving the product from top to bottom flows through the plate channels below.
  • Such, on Low flow resistance of designed plate heat exchangers is for use in the confectionery industry where it mainly about cooking sugary Solution mixtures and mixtures with sugar substitutes only suitable to a limited extent.
  • the length of the flow path of the product in the heat exchanger simple way to be able to change this one desired, the respective product and the flow rate adjusted length and thus residence time.
  • the heating medium for example Water vapor
  • Heat transfer area and the temperature difference between the product and the heating medium can be changed to a to achieve optimal adaptation to the product, so too sensitive products can be gently heated.
  • the so-called Snake cooker prevailed, although this in terms its size and flexibility compared to a plate heat exchanger has disadvantages.
  • the plate-type heat exchanger according to the invention with the characteristic features of claim 1 has in contrast the advantage that it is simple in terms of its Flow length and its flow cross section as well with regard to the amount of heat to be transferred to each product to be processed is customizable. Beyond that his product room is easy to clean and offers the Possibility to adapt to different products.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first heat exchanger in a longitudinal section in a schematic representation
  • Figure 2 den 1 in a cross section in schematic representation
  • Figures 3 and 4 others Embodiments of the heat exchanger with modified Head plates also in longitudinal sections in schematic Representations.
  • the heat exchanger 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 in Panel construction is preferably used for heating or cooking sugar-containing solution mixtures and mixtures with Sugar substitutes in the confectionery industry. These mixtures are used as a product for the sake of simplicity designated.
  • the housing 11 of the heat exchanger 10 has a box-shaped central part 12 on its respective End faces with an intermediate layer, not shown Seals of a head plate 13, 14 are sealed is.
  • the two head plates 13, 14 are preferably with also not shown quick fasteners with the Middle part 12 connected so that an exchange of Head plates 13, 14 is possible in a relatively short time.
  • the interior 16 of the housing 11 is by means of two, parallel to the top 17 or bottom 18 of the housing 11 arranged, parallel partition walls 19, 20 in three Sub-rooms 21, 22, 23 divided.
  • these subspaces 21, 22, 23 opens into one side wall 24 of the housing 11 in each case an inlet 26, 27, 28 for a heating medium, for example water vapor.
  • the inlets 26, 27, 28 are each at the highest point of the respective subspace 21, 22, 23 near the top 17 or the intermediate walls 19, 20 arranged.
  • In the other Side wall 29 of the housing 11 is for each subspace 21, 22, 23 each have an outlet 31, 32, 33 for the heating medium arranged.
  • the outlets 31, 32, 33 are in turn on the lowest point of the respective subspace 21, 22, 23 near the partitions 19, 20 and the underside 18 arranged.
  • Each of the subspaces 21, 22, 23 is not part of one shown separate heat circuit, so that the Temperature of the heating medium in each of the sub-rooms 21, 22, 23 can be controlled or regulated separately.
  • Each of the subspaces 21, 22, 23 is made up of three each Cross section rectangular product channels 35 penetrates the all arranged parallel to each other, as well as straight and are formed without undercuts.
  • the length of the Product channels 35 is such that these with the end faces of the middle part 12 of the housing 11 or with the end plates 13, 14 finish flush.
  • the width b of the product channels 35 is smaller than the width B of the housing 11, so that between the product channels 35 and the side walls 24, 29 the housing 11 remains a distance.
  • the height h of the Product channels 35 is in each of the sub-spaces 21, 22, 23 for taken in the same way, but from one room to another differently.
  • the partial space 23 facing is the height h1 of the product channels 35 least, whereas the height h3 of the product channels 35 in the subspace 21 facing the top 17 is largest.
  • the height h2 is in the central subspace 22 Product channels 35 between the heights hl and h3. It follows also that the cross-sectional area of the product channels 35 largest in subspace 21, the cross-sectional area of the Product channels 35 in the subspace 23, however, is the smallest.
  • a static known per se Mixing element 37 are introduced.
  • This the corresponding Height h of the product channel 35 adapted mixing element 37 consists for example of a sheet metal body with protruding beads, Rags or similar and ensures through the increased flow resistance for better mixing of the product.
  • the product channels 35 are on by means of the head plates 13, 14 the end faces of the middle part 12 integral with each other connectable so that a continuous product flow is achieved becomes.
  • each two Product channels 35 arranged one above the other in the middle part 11 connect with each other.
  • Product inlet pipe 39, and on the other head plate 14 opposite in the area of the top 17 of the housing 11 a product outlet pipe 41 is arranged.
  • the arrangement or Formation of the overflow channels 38 is such that the Product on a meandering path, i.e. on the longest possible path between the inlet pipe 39 and the Outlet pipe 41 in the middle part 12 through the product channels 35 is directed.
  • the heat exchanger 10a shows two overflow channels 38a in the top plate 13a trained, the four arranged one above the other Connect product channels 35 to one another.
  • the other head plate 14a has an overflow channel 38b for two Product channels 35, one overflow channel 38c for three Product channels 35 and one overflow channel 38d for four Product channels 35 formed.
  • a drain valve 42 which the Drain valve 42 at the level of the bottom of the Product channels 35 is arranged, or even below.
  • the heat exchangers 10, 10a, 10b described above work as follows: by means of a in front of the inlet pipe 39 arranged, not shown pump is the product through the inlet pipe 39 into the head plate 13, 13a, 13b promoted. This flows through the delivery pressure of the pump Product in the product channels 35 with heating and increasing pressure the heat exchanger 10, 10a, 10b, the Flow path, i.e. its length by means of the above described training through differently designed Head plates 13, 13a, 13b, 14, 14a, 14b can be influenced.
  • each of the subspaces 21, 22, 23 is part of a separate controllable and adjustable heating circuit, it is possible for example, the lowest temperature in the lower subspace 23 to provide, in the upper subspace 21, however, the highest, so that the product is heated gently. This can especially when using heat sensitive additives such as for example, milk may be beneficial. It is of course also possible, bsw. also two of the three Heating circuits to a heating circuit with the same temperature as the Heat transfer medium to summarize.
  • the height h3 of the product channels 35 larger in the subspace 21 assigned to the outlet pipe 41 is as the height h1 of the product channels 35 in the Partial space 23 assigned to inlet pipe 38 Volume of the product with increasing temperature and at Transition to the two-phase area (steam and concentrate) otherwise this would increase over the flow path constant high height h of the product channels 35 to one increasing product flow rate.
  • the heat exchangers described above can be used Disassembly of the head plates and possibly in the Product channels of existing mixing elements are particularly simple clean as the product channels are straight and are formed without undercuts. Through training of the product channels is the changeover time between two different products or the Recommissioning time or after a break in production relatively low.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Description

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht aus von einem Wärmetauscher in Plattenbauweise nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. Ein derartiger Plattenwärmetauscher für den Einsatz in der Nahrungs- und Genußmittelindustrie ist beispielsweise aus der DE 31 17 496 A1 bekannt geworden. Um den Fließwiderstand des viskosen Produkts zu reduzieren weist dieser mehrere sich über dessen Oberseite erstreckende Verteilerrohre auf, die ihrerseits in Plattenkanälen münden. Der Durchfluß erfolgt im Fallstromprinzip, indem das Produkt von oben nach unten die Plattenkanäle durchströmt. Ein derartiger, auf geringen Fließwiderstand ausgelegter Plattenwärmetauscher ist für den Einsatz in der Süßwarenindustrie, wo es hauptsächlich um das Kochen von zuckerhaltigen Lösungsgemischen und Gemischen mit Zuckerersatzstoffen geht, nur bedingt geeignet. Dort ist es wünschenswert, einerseits die Länge des Fließweges des Produktes im Wärmetauscher auf einfache Weise verändern zu können, damit dieser eine gewünschte, dem jeweiligen Produkt und der Durchflußmenge angepasste Länge und somit Verweilzeit aufweist. Zum anderen sollte auch die Wärmeübertragung vom Heizmedium, beispielsweise Wasserdampf, auf das Produkt in vielfältiger Weise bzgl. der Wärmeübertragungsfläche und der Temperaturdifferenz zwischen dem Produkt und dem Heizmedium veränderbar sein, um eine optimale Anpassung an das Produkt zu erreichen, damit auch empfindliche Produkte schonend erhitzt werden können. Weiterhin sollte aus lebensmittelhygienischen Gründen eine gute und einfache Reinigbarkeit und Inspektionsmöglichkeit des Produktraumes, bsw. durch eine totraumfreie Gestaltung des Produktraumes gegeben sein, die gleichzeitig die Umrüstzeit vom einen auf das andere Produkt reduziert. Aus dem Grund der einfachen Reinigbarkeit hat sich zum Kochen von o.g. Produkten in der Süßwarenindustrie der sogenannte Schlangenkocher durchgesetzt, obwohl dieser hinsichtlich seiner Baugröße und seiner Flexibilität im Vergleich zu einem Plattenwärmetauscher Nachteile aufweist.The invention relates to a heat exchanger Panel construction according to the preamble of claim 1. A such plate heat exchanger for use in the Food and luxury food industry, for example, is out DE 31 17 496 A1 become known. The flow resistance to reduce the viscous product has several distribution pipes extending over its top, which in turn lead to plate channels. The flow takes place in the downdraft principle by moving the product from top to bottom flows through the plate channels below. Such, on Low flow resistance of designed plate heat exchangers is for use in the confectionery industry where it mainly about cooking sugary Solution mixtures and mixtures with sugar substitutes only suitable to a limited extent. There it is desirable, on the one hand the length of the flow path of the product in the heat exchanger simple way to be able to change this one desired, the respective product and the flow rate adjusted length and thus residence time. On the other hand should also transfer heat from the heating medium, for example Water vapor, on the product in various ways Heat transfer area and the temperature difference between the product and the heating medium can be changed to a to achieve optimal adaptation to the product, so too sensitive products can be gently heated. Furthermore, for food hygiene reasons, a good and easy to clean and inspect of the product room, bsw. through a dead space-free design of the product space, which at the same time the Changeover time reduced from one product to the other. Out The reason it is easy to clean has become a boil from the above Products in the confectionery industry the so-called Snake cooker prevailed, although this in terms its size and flexibility compared to a plate heat exchanger has disadvantages.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Der erfindungsgemäße Wärmetauscher in Plattenbauart mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, daß er auf einfache Weise hinsichtlich seiner Durchflußlänge und seines Durchflußquerschnittes sowie hinsichtlich der zu übertragenden Wärmemenge an das jeweils zu verarbeitende Produkt anpassbar ist. Darüberhinaus ist sein Produktraum auf einfache Art reinigbar und bietet die Möglichkeit der Anpassung an verschiedene Produkte.The plate-type heat exchanger according to the invention with the characteristic features of claim 1 has in contrast the advantage that it is simple in terms of its Flow length and its flow cross section as well with regard to the amount of heat to be transferred to each product to be processed is customizable. Beyond that his product room is easy to clean and offers the Possibility to adapt to different products.

Weitere Vorteile und vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen des erfindungsgemäßen Wärmetauschers ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen und der Beschreibung. Eine besonders gute Anpassung und eine schonende Erwärmung des Produktes ist möglich, wenn die Wärmekreisläufe getrennt steuer- und regelbar sind, so daß die Teilräume bsw. unterschiedliche Temperaturen aufweisen. Eine weitere einfache Anpassungsmöglichkeit besteht in der Variation der Abstände der Produktkanäle zueinander. Durch eine Änderung der Höhe bzw. des Strömungsquerschnitts der Produktkanäle kann die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des Produkts im Wärmetauscher angepasst werden. Eine weitere Optimierung an das jeweils zu verarbeitende Produkt ist durch eine Integration von statischen Mischelementen in die Produktkanäle möglich.Further advantages and advantageous developments of the Heat exchanger according to the invention result from the Subclaims and the description. A particularly good one Adaptation and gentle heating of the product is possible if the heating circuits are separately controlled and are adjustable so that the subspaces bsw. different Have temperatures. Another simple one Adjustment is possible by varying the distances of the product channels to each other. By changing the height or the flow cross section of the product channels can Product flow rate in the heat exchanger be adjusted. A further optimization to that in each case processing product is through an integration of static mixing elements in the product channels possible.

Zeichnungdrawing

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung dargestellt und werden in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Figur 1 zeigt einen ersten Wärmetauscher in einem Längsschnitt in schematischer Darstellung, Figur 2 den Wärmetauscher nach Figur 1 in einem Querschnitt in schematischer Darstellung und die Figuren 3 und 4 andere Ausführungsbeispiele des Wärmetauschers mit modifizierten Kopfplatten ebenfalls in Längsschnitten in schematischen Darstellungen.Embodiments of the invention are in the drawing are shown and are described in the following description explained in more detail. Figure 1 shows a first heat exchanger in a longitudinal section in a schematic representation, Figure 2 den 1 in a cross section in schematic representation and Figures 3 and 4 others Embodiments of the heat exchanger with modified Head plates also in longitudinal sections in schematic Representations.

Beschreibung der AusführungsbeispieleDescription of the embodiments

Der in den Figuren 1 und 2 dargestellte Wärmetauscher 10 in Plattenbauweise dient bevorzugt zum Erwärmen bzw. Kochen von zuckerhaltigen Lösungsgemischen und Gemischen mit Zuckerersatzstoffen in der Süßwarenindustrie. Diese Gemische werden im folgenden der Einfachheit halber als Produkt bezeichnet. Das Gehäuse 11 des Wärmetauschers 10 weist ein kastenförmiges Mittelteil 12 auf, das an seinen jeweiligen Stirnseiten unter Zwischenlage nicht dargestellter Dichtungen von je einer Kopfplatte 13, 14 dicht verschlossen ist. Die beiden Kopfplatten 13, 14 sind bevorzugt mit ebenfalls nicht dargestellten Schnellverschlüssen mit dem Mittelteil 12 verbunden, so daß ein Austausch der Kopfplatten 13, 14 in relativ kurzer Zeit möglich ist. The heat exchanger 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 in Panel construction is preferably used for heating or cooking sugar-containing solution mixtures and mixtures with Sugar substitutes in the confectionery industry. These mixtures are used as a product for the sake of simplicity designated. The housing 11 of the heat exchanger 10 has a box-shaped central part 12 on its respective End faces with an intermediate layer, not shown Seals of a head plate 13, 14 are sealed is. The two head plates 13, 14 are preferably with also not shown quick fasteners with the Middle part 12 connected so that an exchange of Head plates 13, 14 is possible in a relatively short time.

Der Innenraum 16 des Gehäuses 11 ist mittels zweier, parallel zu der Ober- 17 bzw. Unterseite 18 des Gehäuses 11 angeordneter, paralleler Zwischenwände 19, 20 in drei Teilräume 21, 22, 23 unterteilt. In diese Teilräume 21, 22, 23 mündet in der einen Seitenwand 24 des Gehäuses 11 jeweils ein Einlaß 26, 27, 28 für ein Heizmedium, beispielsweise Wasserdampf. Die Einlässe 26, 27, 28 sind jeweils an der höchsten Stelle des jeweiligen Teilraums 21, 22, 23 nahe der Oberseite 17 bzw. der Zwischenwände 19, 20 angeordnet. In der anderen Seitenwand 29 des Gehäuses 11 ist für jeden Teilraum 21, 22, 23 jeweils ein Auslaß 31, 32, 33 für das Heizmedium angeordnet. Die Auslässe 31, 32, 33 sind wiederum an der jeweils tiefsten Stelle des entsprechenden Teilraums 21, 22, 23 nahe der Zwischenwände 19, 20 bzw. der Unterseite 18 angeordnet. Durch die Anordnung der Ein- 26, 27, 28 bzw. Auslässe 31, 32, 33 wird ein einfaches Abfließen des kondensierten Heizmediums aus dem jeweiligen Teilraum 21, 22, 23 ermöglicht.The interior 16 of the housing 11 is by means of two, parallel to the top 17 or bottom 18 of the housing 11 arranged, parallel partition walls 19, 20 in three Sub-rooms 21, 22, 23 divided. In these subspaces 21, 22, 23 opens into one side wall 24 of the housing 11 in each case an inlet 26, 27, 28 for a heating medium, for example water vapor. The inlets 26, 27, 28 are each at the highest point of the respective subspace 21, 22, 23 near the top 17 or the intermediate walls 19, 20 arranged. In the other Side wall 29 of the housing 11 is for each subspace 21, 22, 23 each have an outlet 31, 32, 33 for the heating medium arranged. The outlets 31, 32, 33 are in turn on the lowest point of the respective subspace 21, 22, 23 near the partitions 19, 20 and the underside 18 arranged. By arranging the inputs 26, 27, 28 or Outlets 31, 32, 33 is a simple drainage of the condensed heating medium from the respective subspace 21, 22, 23 allows.

Jeder der Teilräume 21, 22, 23 ist Bestandteil eines nicht näher dargestellten, separaten Wärmekreislaufes, so daß die Temperatur des Heizmediums in jedem der Teilräume 21, 22, 23 getrennt steuer- bzw. regelbar ist.Each of the subspaces 21, 22, 23 is not part of one shown separate heat circuit, so that the Temperature of the heating medium in each of the sub-rooms 21, 22, 23 can be controlled or regulated separately.

Jeder der Teilräume 21, 22, 23 ist von jeweils drei im Querschnitt rechteckigen Produktkanälen 35 durchsetzt, die alle zueinander parallel angeordnet, sowie geradlinig und hinterschneidungsfrei ausgebildet sind. Die Länge der Produktkanäle 35 ist derart, daß diese mit den Stirnseiten des Mittelteils 12 des Gehäuses 11 bzw. mit den Stirnplatten 13, 14 bündig abschließen. Die Breite b der Produktkanäle 35 ist geringer als die Breite B des Gehäuses 11, so daß zwischen den Produktkanälen 35 und den Seitenwänden 24, 29 des Gehäuses 11 ein Abstand bleibt. Die Höhe h der Produktkanäle 35 ist in jedem der Teilräume 21, 22, 23 für sich genommen gleich, jedoch von Teilraum zu Teilraum unterschiedlich. In dem der Unterseite 18 des Gehäuses 11 zugewandten Teilraum 23 ist die Höhe h1 der Produktkanäle 35 am geringsten, wogegen die Höhe h3 der Produktkanäle 35 in dem der Oberseite 17 zugewandten Teilraum 21 am größten ist. In dem mittleren Teilraum 22 liegt die Höhe h2 der Produktkanäle 35 zwischen den Höhen hl und h3. Daraus ergibt sich auch, daß die Querschnittsfläche der Produktkanäle 35 im Teilraum 21 am größten, die Querschnittsfläche der Produktkanäle 35 im Teilraum 23 hingegen am geringsten ist.Each of the subspaces 21, 22, 23 is made up of three each Cross section rectangular product channels 35 penetrates the all arranged parallel to each other, as well as straight and are formed without undercuts. The length of the Product channels 35 is such that these with the end faces of the middle part 12 of the housing 11 or with the end plates 13, 14 finish flush. The width b of the product channels 35 is smaller than the width B of the housing 11, so that between the product channels 35 and the side walls 24, 29 the housing 11 remains a distance. The height h of the Product channels 35 is in each of the sub-spaces 21, 22, 23 for taken in the same way, but from one room to another differently. In the bottom 18 of the housing 11 The partial space 23 facing is the height h1 of the product channels 35 least, whereas the height h3 of the product channels 35 in the subspace 21 facing the top 17 is largest. The height h2 is in the central subspace 22 Product channels 35 between the heights hl and h3. It follows also that the cross-sectional area of the product channels 35 largest in subspace 21, the cross-sectional area of the Product channels 35 in the subspace 23, however, is the smallest.

Um eine bessere Durchmischung des die Produktkanäle 35 durchströmenden Produkts zu ermöglichen kann in jeden der Produktkanäle 35 ein an sich bekanntes statisches Mischelement 37 eingeführt werden. Dieses der entsprechenden Höhe h des Produktkanals 35 angepasste Mischelement 37 besteht beispielsweise aus einem Blechkörper mit abstehenden Sicken, Lappen o.ä. und sorgt durch den erhöhten Strömungswiderstand für eine bessere Durchmischung des Produkts.To ensure better mixing of the product channels 35 can flow in any product Product channels 35 a static known per se Mixing element 37 are introduced. This the corresponding Height h of the product channel 35 adapted mixing element 37 consists for example of a sheet metal body with protruding beads, Rags or similar and ensures through the increased flow resistance for better mixing of the product.

Die Produktkanäle 35 sind mittels der Kopfplatten 13, 14 an den Stirnseiten des Mittelteils 12 integral miteinander verbindbar, so daß ein durchgehender Produktfluß erzielt wird. Dazu sind gemäß Figur 1 in jeder der Kopfplatten 13, 14 Überströmkanäle 38 ausgebildet, die jeweils zwei übereinander im Mittelteil 11 angeordnete Produktkanäle 35 miteinander verbinden. Ferner ist an der einen Kopfplatte 13 im Bereich der Unterseite 18 des Gehäuses 11 ein Produkteintrittsrohr 39, und an der anderen Kopfplatte 14 gegenüberliegend im Bereich der Oberseite 17 des Gehäuses 11 ein Produktaustrittsrohr 41 angeordnet. Die Anordnung bzw. Ausbildung der Überströmkanäle 38 ist derart, daß das Produkt auf einem mäanderförmigen Weg, d.h. auf dem längstmöglichem Weg zwischen dem Eintrittsrohr 39 und dem Austrittsrohr 41 im Mittelteil 12 durch die Produktkanäle 35 geleitet wird.The product channels 35 are on by means of the head plates 13, 14 the end faces of the middle part 12 integral with each other connectable so that a continuous product flow is achieved becomes. 1, in each of the head plates 13, 14 overflow channels 38 formed, each two Product channels 35 arranged one above the other in the middle part 11 connect with each other. Furthermore, on one head plate 13 in the area of the underside 18 of the housing 11 Product inlet pipe 39, and on the other head plate 14 opposite in the area of the top 17 of the housing 11 a product outlet pipe 41 is arranged. The arrangement or Formation of the overflow channels 38 is such that the Product on a meandering path, i.e. on the longest possible path between the inlet pipe 39 and the Outlet pipe 41 in the middle part 12 through the product channels 35 is directed.

Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel des Wärmetauschers 10a nach der Figur 3 sind in der Kopfplatte 13a zwei Überströmkanäle 38a ausgebildet, die jeweils vier übereinander angeordnete Produktkanäle 35 miteinander verbinden. Demgegenüber ist in der anderen Kopfplatte 14a ein Überströmkanal 38b für zwei Produktkanäle 35, ein Überstömkanal 38c für drei Produktkanäle 35 und ein Überströmkanal 38d für vier Produktkanäle 35 ausgebildet. Bei einer derartigen Ausbildung und Anordnung der Überströmkanäle 38a bis 38d ergibt sich ein gegenüber dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel verkürzter Strömungsweg für das Produkt.In the embodiment of the heat exchanger 10a according to the FIG. 3 shows two overflow channels 38a in the top plate 13a trained, the four arranged one above the other Connect product channels 35 to one another. In contrast, in the other head plate 14a has an overflow channel 38b for two Product channels 35, one overflow channel 38c for three Product channels 35 and one overflow channel 38d for four Product channels 35 formed. With such a Formation and arrangement of the overflow channels 38a to 38d results in a compared to the first embodiment shortened flow path for the product.

Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel des Wärmetauschers 10b nach der Figur 4 sind die Überströmkanäle 38e in den Kopfplatten 13b, 14b so ausgebildet, daß jeweils alle Produktkanäle 35 in der jeweiligen Kopfplatte 13b, 14b miteinander verbunden sind. Dadurch ist eine weitere Reduzierung des Strömungsweges für das Produkt gegenüber dem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel gegeben.In the embodiment of the heat exchanger 10b according to the FIG. 4 shows the overflow channels 38e in the head plates 13b, 14b designed so that all product channels 35 in each respective head plate 13b, 14b are interconnected. This is a further reduction in the flow path for the product compared to the second embodiment given.

Ergänzend wird darauf hingewiesen, daß durch eine geänderte Ausbildung und Anordnung der Überströmkanäle 38, 38a bis 38e sich auch anders gestaltete Wege für das Produkt ausbilden lassen, die wiederum andere Strömungslängen für das Produkt aufweisen.In addition, it is pointed out that by a modified Formation and arrangement of the overflow channels 38, 38a to 38e to develop differently designed paths for the product let that in turn have different flow lengths for the product exhibit.

Um eine einfache Entleerung der Produktkanäle 35 allein durch die Schwerkraft zu ermöglichen ist jeweils außerhalb des Gehäuses 11 der Wärmetauscher 10, 10a, 10b im Eintrittsrohr 39 ein Ablaßventil 42 angeordnet, das der Einfachheit halber lediglich in den Figuren 1 und 2 eingezeichnet ist, bei den anderen Ausführungsbeispielen jedoch ebenso vorhanden ist. Wesentlich dabei ist, daß das Ablaßventil 42 auf dem Niveau des untersten der Produktkanäle 35 angeordnet ist, oder sogar noch darunter.To easily empty the product channels 35 alone to enable by gravity is outside the housing 11 of the heat exchanger 10, 10a, 10b in Inlet pipe 39 arranged a drain valve 42, which the For the sake of simplicity, only in FIGS. 1 and 2 is drawn in the other embodiments however is also present. It is essential that the Drain valve 42 at the level of the bottom of the Product channels 35 is arranged, or even below.

Zwischen den einzelnen Produktkanälen 35 ist jeweils derselbe Abstand a ausgebildet. In den Zwischenräumen 43 zwischen den einzelnen Produktkanälen 35 sind eine Vielzahl in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellter, im Querschnitt rechteckiger Führungskanäle für das Heizmedium angeordnet. Die Länge der Führungskanäle entspricht zumindest der Breite b der Produktkanäle 35. Die Anordnung der Führungskanäle ist derart, daß das Heizmedium rechtwinklig zu den Produktkanälen 35 geführt wird, d.h. daß der Wärmetauscher im sogenannten Kreuzstromverfahren arbeitet.Between the individual product channels 35 is the same distance a is formed. In the spaces 43 there are a large number between the individual product channels 35 not shown in the drawing, in cross section rectangular guide channels arranged for the heating medium. The length of the guide channels corresponds at least to the width b of the product channels 35. The arrangement of the guide channels is such that the heating medium is perpendicular to the Product channels 35 is guided, i.e. that the heat exchanger works in the so-called cross-flow process.

Ergänzend wird erwähnt, daß in der Zeichnung der Einfachheit halber in den Teilräumen 21, 22, 23 jeweils nur drei Produktkanäle 35 dargestellt sind. Tatsächlich sind jedoch je nach Einsatzfall beispielsweise zehn Produktkanäle 35 in jedem der Teilräume 21, 22, 23 angeordnet. Die Lage der Zwischenwände 19, 20 und somit die Größe der Teilräume 21, 22, 23 ist bevorzugt so auszulegen, daß sich in jedem der Teilräume 21, 22, 23 diesselbe Anzahl an Produktkanälen 35 befinden. Da die Höhe h der Produktkanäle 35 in jedem Teilraum 21, 22, 23 unterschiedlich ist, der Abstand a zwischen den Produktkanälen 35 jedoch stets gleich, ergeben sich so unterschiedlich große Teilräume 21, 22, 23.In addition it is mentioned that in the drawing simplicity for the sake of only three each in sub-rooms 21, 22, 23 Product channels 35 are shown. Actually, however depending on the application, for example ten product channels 35 in each of the Subspaces 21, 22, 23 arranged. The location of the partition walls 19, 20 and thus the size of the subspaces 21, 22, 23 preferably to be designed so that in each of the subspaces 21, 22, 23 are the same number of product channels 35. There the height h of the product channels 35 in each subspace 21, 22, 23 is different, the distance a between the Product channels 35 are always the same, however different sized sub-rooms 21, 22, 23.

Die oben beschriebenen Wärmetauscher 10, 10a, 10b arbeiten wie folgt: Mittels einer vor dem Eintrittsrohr 39 angeordneten, nicht dargestellten Pumpe wird das Produkt durch das Eintrittsrohr 39 in die Kopfplatte 13, 13a, 13b gefördert. Durch den Förderdruck der Pumpe durchströmt das Produkt in den Produktkanälen 35 unter Erwärmung und steigendem Druck den Wärmetauscher 10, 10a, 10b, wobei der Strömungsweg, d.h. dessen Länge mittels der oben beschriebenen Ausbildung durch verschieden gestaltete Kopfplatten 13, 13a, 13b, 14, 14a, 14b beeinflußbar ist. Das bedeutet, daß der Strömungsweg bei dem gemäß den Figuren 1 und 2 ausgebildeten Wärmetauscher 10 am längsten, bei dem gemäß der Figur 4 ausgebildeten Wärmetauscher 10b hingegen am kürzesten ist. Das hat zur Folge, daß bei jeweils gleichen Temperaturen des Heizmediums in den entsprechenden Teilräumen 21, 22, 23 die Temperaturerhöhung des Produkts beim ersten Ausführungsbeispiel am höchsten, beim Ausführungsbeispiel nach Figur 4 hingegen am geringsten ist. Da jeder der Teilräume 21, 22, 23 Bestandteil eines separat steuer- und regelbaren Heizkreislaufs ist, ist es möglich, beispielsweise in dem unteren Teilraum 23 die geringste Temperatur vorzusehen, im oberen Teilraum 21 hingegen die höchste, so daß das Produkt besonders schonend erwärmt wird. Dies kann besonders bei der Verwendung hitzeempfindlicher Zusätze, wie beispielsweise von Milch vorteilhaft sein. Dabei ist es selbstverständlich auch möglich, bsw. auch zwei der drei Heizkreise zu einem Heizkreis, mit derselben Temperatur des Wärmeträgermediums, zusammenzufassen. Als weiterer Vorteil hat es sich erwiesen, daß die Höhe h3 der Produktkanäle 35 in dem dem Austrittsrohr 41 zugeordneten Teilraum 21 größer ist als die Höhe h1 der Produktkanäle 35 in dem dem Eintrittsrohr 38 zugeordneten Teilraum 23. Da sich das Volumen des Produkts bei steigender Temperatur und beim Übergang in das zwei-Phasen-Gebiet (Dampf und Konzentrat) erhöht, würde dies ansonsten bei über den Strömungsweg konstant großer Höhe h der Produktkanäle 35 zu einer steigenden Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des Produkts führen. Dies wiederum hätte zur Folge, daß bsw. die Verweilzeit des Produkts im Teilraum 21 und somit die mögliche Temperaturerhöhung des Produkts viel geringer wäre als beispielsweise im Teilraum 23, in dem das Produkt ein geringeres Volumen aufweist. Dieser Effekt kann durch eine entsprechende Auslegung der Höhe h der Produktkanäle 35 in den einzelnen Teilräumen 21, 22, 23 ausgeglichen werden. Somit kann trotz bsw. relativ geringer Temperatur des Heizmediums im Teilraum 21 noch eine Temperaturerhöhung des Produkts erzielt werden, für die ansonsten bei geringerer Höhe h3 wegen der damit verbundenen geringeren Verweilzeit des Produkts eine höhere Temperatur des Heizmediums erforderlich wäre.The heat exchangers 10, 10a, 10b described above work as follows: by means of a in front of the inlet pipe 39 arranged, not shown pump is the product through the inlet pipe 39 into the head plate 13, 13a, 13b promoted. This flows through the delivery pressure of the pump Product in the product channels 35 with heating and increasing pressure the heat exchanger 10, 10a, 10b, the Flow path, i.e. its length by means of the above described training through differently designed Head plates 13, 13a, 13b, 14, 14a, 14b can be influenced. The means that the flow path in the case according to FIGS and 2 trained heat exchangers 10 longest in which By contrast, heat exchanger 10b designed according to FIG is shortest. The result is that at each same temperatures of the heating medium in the corresponding Subspaces 21, 22, 23 the temperature increase of the product highest in the first embodiment, at The embodiment of Figure 4, however, is the smallest. Since each of the subspaces 21, 22, 23 is part of a separate controllable and adjustable heating circuit, it is possible for example, the lowest temperature in the lower subspace 23 to provide, in the upper subspace 21, however, the highest, so that the product is heated gently. This can especially when using heat sensitive additives such as for example, milk may be beneficial. It is of course also possible, bsw. also two of the three Heating circuits to a heating circuit with the same temperature as the Heat transfer medium to summarize. Another advantage it has been found that the height h3 of the product channels 35 larger in the subspace 21 assigned to the outlet pipe 41 is as the height h1 of the product channels 35 in the Partial space 23 assigned to inlet pipe 38 Volume of the product with increasing temperature and at Transition to the two-phase area (steam and concentrate) otherwise this would increase over the flow path constant high height h of the product channels 35 to one increasing product flow rate. This in turn would have the consequence that bsw. the dwell time of the Product in subspace 21 and thus the possible Temperature increase of the product would be much less than, for example in subspace 23, in which the product has a smaller volume having. This effect can be achieved through a corresponding Interpretation of the height h of the product channels 35 in the individual Subspaces 21, 22, 23 are balanced. So despite bsw. relatively low temperature of the heating medium in the sub-room 21 a temperature increase of the product can be achieved, for the otherwise at a lower height h3 because of that associated shorter residence time of the product a higher Temperature of the heating medium would be required.

Die oben beschriebenen Wärmetauscher lassen sich nach Demontage der Kopfplatten und eventuell in den Produktkanälen vorhandener Mischelemente besonders einfach reinigen, da die Produktkanäle geradlinig und hinterschneidungsfrei ausgebildet sind. Durch die Ausbildung der Produktkanäle ist die Umrüstzeit zwischen zwei unterschiedlichen Produkten bzw. die Wiederinbetriebnahmezeit bsw. nach einer Produktionspause relativ gering.The heat exchangers described above can be used Disassembly of the head plates and possibly in the Product channels of existing mixing elements are particularly simple clean as the product channels are straight and are formed without undercuts. Through training of the product channels is the changeover time between two different products or the Recommissioning time or after a break in production relatively low.

Claims (9)

  1. Heat exchanger (10, 10a, 10b) of plate design for the heating or cooking of a product, preferably of a solution mixture containing sugar or of a mixture with sugar substitutes in the sweets industry, with a housing (11), the end faces of which are sealingly closed in each case by means of a head plate (13, 13a, 13b, 14, 14a, 14b) and which has at least one inlet (26, 27, 28) and one outlet (31, 32, 33) for a heat transfer medium, and with a plurality of throughflow elements (35) for the product, which are arranged parallel to one another in the interior (16) of the housing (11), are of rectangular cross section and terminate flush with the end faces of the housing (11), characterized in that the interior (16) of the housing (11) is designed to be capable of being subdivided into a plurality of part-spaces (21, 22, 23) by means of at least one separating element (19, 20), in that the length of the flow path for the product in the heat exchanger (10, 10a, 10b) is capable of being configured variably according to the design of the head plates (13, 13a, 13b, 14, 14a, 14b), in that the head plates (13, 13a, 13b, 14, 14a, 14b) are designed exchangeably, and in that the throughflow elements (35) which are assigned to an inlet (39) of the product into the heat exchanger (10, 10a, 10b) have a smaller height (h) and cross-sectional area than the throughflow elements (35) which are assigned to an outlet (41) of the product from the heat exchanger (10, 10a, 10b).
  2. Heat exchanger according to Claim 1, characterized in that each of the part-spaces (21, 22, 23) is coupled to a separately controllable and regulatable heat circuit for the heat transfer medium.
  3. Heat exchanger according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the clearances (a) between the throughflow elements (35) arranged one above the other in the housing (11) are always of the same size.
  4. Heat exchanger according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the throughflow elements (35) for the product are designed rectilinearly and without undercuts.
  5. Heat exchanger according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a discharge element (42) for the product is assigned to the throughflow element (35) which has the lowest level in relation to the flow path of the product in the heat exchanger (10, 10a, 10b).
  6. Heat exchanger according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the head plates (13, 13a, 13b, 14, 14a, 14b) have overflow ducts (42a to 42e) for the product, which connect to one another throughflow elements (35) arranged one above the other.
  7. Heat exchanger according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the same number of throughflow elements (35) are arranged in each of the part-spaces (21, 22, 23).
  8. Heat exchanger according to Claim 7, characterized in that the throughflow elements (35) in each of the part-spaces (21, 22, 23) each have the same height (h1, h2, h3) or the same cross-sectional area.
  9. Heat exchanger according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a mixing element (37) for the product is arranged in at least one of the throughflow elements (35) .
EP96109853A 1995-07-11 1996-06-19 Heat exchanger Expired - Lifetime EP0753715B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19525216A DE19525216C1 (en) 1995-07-11 1995-07-11 Heat exchanger for confectionery industry with parallel rectangular section flow channels
DE19525216 1995-07-11

Publications (3)

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EP0753715A2 EP0753715A2 (en) 1997-01-15
EP0753715A3 EP0753715A3 (en) 1997-12-03
EP0753715B1 true EP0753715B1 (en) 2001-01-10

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DE (2) DE19525216C1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE514096C2 (en) * 1999-05-17 2001-01-08 Alfa Laval Ab plate heat exchangers
US6953598B2 (en) * 2001-12-28 2005-10-11 Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company Dairy-based candy production utilizing plate and frame assembly
DE102008004529A1 (en) * 2008-01-15 2009-07-16 Kioto Clear Energy Ag heat exchangers
JP5395861B2 (en) * 2011-09-09 2014-01-22 株式会社神戸製鋼所 Channel structure and method for manufacturing channel structure
CN106288882B (en) * 2016-08-03 2019-01-29 镇江旭世机械设备有限公司 Plate heat exchanger
KR102180670B1 (en) * 2019-07-02 2020-11-20 홍주리더스 주식회사 Temparature control apparatus for cold water

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2263397A (en) * 1940-06-22 1941-11-18 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Heat exchanger
GB1324539A (en) * 1969-10-23 1973-07-25 Alfa Laval Ab Apparatus for expelling evaporable components from a flowing stream of material
DE3117496A1 (en) * 1981-05-02 1982-11-18 Holstein Und Kappert Gmbh, 4600 Dortmund Process and device for reducing the resistance to flow during the evaporation of viscous media
FI67446C (en) * 1982-10-18 1985-03-11 Orpocon Oy REGENERATING MATERIAL EXPLORATION
NL9101227A (en) * 1991-07-11 1993-02-01 Vomatec B V DEVICE FOR HEATING A SUBSTANCE IN FLOW.

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JPH0979771A (en) 1997-03-28
DE59606290D1 (en) 2001-02-15
EP0753715A3 (en) 1997-12-03
DE19525216C1 (en) 1996-11-21
EP0753715A2 (en) 1997-01-15

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