EP0752022A1 - Raising-napping process and machine with vibrators - Google Patents
Raising-napping process and machine with vibratorsInfo
- Publication number
- EP0752022A1 EP0752022A1 EP95907814A EP95907814A EP0752022A1 EP 0752022 A1 EP0752022 A1 EP 0752022A1 EP 95907814 A EP95907814 A EP 95907814A EP 95907814 A EP95907814 A EP 95907814A EP 0752022 A1 EP0752022 A1 EP 0752022A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- raising
- fabric
- drum
- napping
- rollers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
- D06C11/00—Teasing, napping or otherwise roughening or raising pile of textile fabrics
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a raising process of a woven or knitted fabric or a napping process of a woven or knitted fabric or of a composite fabric, for example a resinated cloth or similar continuous sheet material, with an improved control of the action performed by raising or napping satellite rollers of a rotating drum and a universal raising-napping machine provided with means for impressing radial vibrations of adjustable amplitude and frequency to the fabric running over the drum.
- the raising process for lifting the pile of the yarn (woof and warp) of a woven or knitted fabric is known form acient times and is performed nowadays for producing an extremely vast range of fabrics having peculiar characteristics.
- Blankets with enhanced thermal characteristics versus weight and so-called "pile" garments of fashionable look are few exaples of textile products that are obtained through a raising treatment of a base fabric.
- raising and/or napping treatments of woven and knitted fabrics as well as of composites formed by resin films coupled to a woven fabric to produce artificial leather substitutes are widely used in many productions in order to confer to the fabric a characteristic felted aspect and/or a certain tactile characteristic, beside conferring for example to a certain fabric improved transpiration, absorption and/or thermal insulation characteristics.
- Modern universal raising machines are essentially composed of a drum formed by a plurality of satellite or peripheral rollers that are driven in rotation at an adjustable speed in order to vary their peripheral speed by a small fraction above or below the peripheral speed of the drum and therefore of the fabric running over the satellite rollers.
- the outer cylindrical sur ⁇ face of the satellite rollers is covered with appropri ⁇ ate raising or napping fillets (coverings) that are chosen in function of the type of treatment to be carried out and of the characteristics of the fabric to be treated.
- the satellite rollers are covered with an appropriate raising covering, typically in the form of a tape supporting a plurality of metal needles having their points bent through a certain angle and having a population density and elastic char ⁇ acteristics chosen in function of the particular type of woven or knitted fabric to be treated.
- the orienta ⁇ tion of the bent points of the needles of each raising roller may be such as to determine an angle of inci- dence functionally opposed to the direction of advance ⁇ ment of the fabric (counterpile action) or in the same direction of advancement of the fabric (pile action) .
- the action of the single raising rollers may be of the same type or of an alternate type, for example of the type: ...
- the needles of few of the peripheral raising rollers may also have a blunt, ball or mushroom-shaped termination instead of a point termination for exerting a specific felting action of the pile raised by the other rollers of the drum and so forth.
- the same (universal) machine may also be used for slightly different purposes than pile raising and spe ⁇ cifically for napping a certain fabric to produce a su- perficial finish typical of the flesh-side of a natural leather or for conferring to a woven cloth, for example a cotton cloth, a peculiar tactile characteristic.
- abra- sive coverings on the outer cylindrical surface of the satellite rollers of the drum.
- the abrasive coverings may be in the form of an abrasive paper tape of a given granulometry that can be readily wound over the rollers.
- the mode of operation of the machine is similar whether the satellite rollers are equipped with needle type, raising fillets or with abrasive napping fillets.
- the pile raising or napping action exerted by the satellite rollers of the rotating drum of the machine may be such as to produce a certain permanent linear elongation of a fabric and a corresponding srinking of its width (or height) . Therefore, the guiding rollers of the fabric to be treated must be provided with organs for recovering the elongation eventually produced by the raising or napping process.
- dedi ⁇ cated mechanisms detect the arrival of a junction seam and automatically revert momentarily the speed or rota ⁇ tion of the satellite raising rollers to the so-called "zero-point" speed, that is to assume a peripheral velocity identical to the peripheral velocity of the drum (and therefore of the fabric running thereon) , in order to momentarily interrupt the pulling action exerted by the needles upon the passage over the drum of the seam.
- the extremely critical character of the regulation of the relative peripheral velocity of the raising rollers as referred to the so-called "zero-point" is well known, as well as the choice of the type of raising fillets (configuration density and elastic characteristics of the needles) in producing a certain result on a fabric in a most satisfactory way.
- An excessive "grip” (interference) of needles acting in a counterpile mode may excessively weaken or even ruin a cloth, by decisively tending to tear off the pile in an excessive manner, while a too weak "grip” may miss to produce a satisfactory result.
- Muta tis mutandis similar considerations may also be made in the case all the raising rollers be exerting a pile-mode action, and also in the case when the action of the raising rollers is of an alternate type, namely: counterpile/pile/counterpile/pile and so forth. Another important aspect of this type of treatments is represented by a more or less disuniform effective ⁇ ness of the raising or napping rollers, due to a disuniform tension of the fabric running over the rotating drum.
- This may depend from a more or less marked engagement of the needles or of the abrasive particles of the raising-napping satellite rollers along the entire arc of engagement of the fabric with the drum, as a consequence of successive elastic tensionings followed by relievings of the fabric occurring along the arc of circumference over which the fabric runs over the drum.
- the only regulation parameter left is that of fixing a certain optimal differential between the speed of the fabric, that is the peripheral velocity of the drum, and the peripheral velocity of the raising or s- -s napping rollers.
- 35 impressed to the fabric may be seen as producing intervenient disengagements that relieve the localized strains produced by the repeated momentary engagements of the needles or the abrasive surface of the fillets of the plurality of satellite rollers with the fabric, thus favouring an equalization of the performance of the individual rollers.
- the way of impressing said radial vibrations or oscillations to the fabric running over the machine's drum may be so as to permit a regulation in terms of frequency as well as of intensity or amplitude of the oscillations im ⁇ pressed to the fabric, independently from one another and that can be made while the machine is running.
- This provide extremely useful means of regulation that add on the conventional regulation of the peripheral velocity differential. This permits and/or greatly facilitates a true optimization of the process while is being performed, by the ability to intervene on different process parameters.
- the radial vibration should be impressed on the fabric running over the machine's drum at regu ⁇ lar angular intervals generally comprised between 90° and 120°.
- a greater density of points of impression of radial vibrations, that is at angular distances smaller than 90°, does not appear to increase in an appreciable way, the effect of such an imposition of vibrations to the fabric, while if the points of application of vi ⁇ brations are angularly spaced by an angle greater than 120°, a certain decline of effectiveness is observed.
- the angular distance between the various points of application of vibrations to the fabric will be related to the length or arc of the machine's drum onto which the fabric is guided to run in contact therewith.
- the manner in which said radial vibrations, that is oscillations on the running fabric are impressed may be different. While in particular situations the use of pulsating compressed-air jets of intensity and frequen ⁇ cy independently adjustable may be satisfactory.
- the pulsating jet nozzles may be disposed along selected generatrix lines of the rotating drum. Such a system may be inapplicable or inefficient in terms of power consumption, as well as excessively noisy. Therefore the use of one or more baffles (laminae or blades) is generally preferred. Each blade or lamina may be slidably mounted in guides in order to be able to ef ⁇ fect reciprocating excursions over an essentially radi ⁇ al plane as referred to the machine's drum.
- Each re ⁇ ciprocating baffle or blade may fit in the separation space between two adjacent rollers of the machine's drum, so that upon its radially oriented reciprocating movement, its blunt edge (properly rounded) lifts the fabric by an adjustable radial heigth.
- the radially oriented reciprocating motion of the blade may be produced mechanically by a dedicated transmission that can comprise an eccetric shaft or a camshaft and one or more cranks or rods.
- the recipro ⁇ cating motion may be impressed to the blade by electromagnetic actuators.
- each radially oscillating blade may be mounted on the shaft of the revolving drum of the machine, by arranging ap ⁇ limbate rotating couplings and/or contacts for command fluid ducting and electrical supply and control lines, respectively, two ends of a hollow or centrally bored drum's shaft.
- Figure 1 is a schematic cross sectional view of the drum of a raising-napping machine, made according to the present invention
- Figure 2 is a simplified schematic, partially sec ⁇ tioned plan view of the machine's drum of the invention of Fig. 1.
- drum of a raising- napping machine is indicated as a whole with 1.
- the drum is constituted by a hollow shaft 2 sup ⁇ ported horizontally on the bearings 3 and 4.
- Two pul ⁇ leys, respectively 5 and 6, support a plurality of raising-napping rollers 7.
- Each roller 7 is mounted on ball bearings 8 and 9 held in housings that are dis ⁇ tributed along a peripheral circumference of the two end pulleys 5 and 6.
- the drum may be rotated by a belt transmission employing a drive pulley 11, while each satellite roller 7 (raising or napping roller depending on the covering disposed on the outer cylindrical sur ⁇ face of the roller) is provided with its own drive pulley 10.
- the fabric 12 to be treated is guided over the revolving drum 1 by a pair of guiding, outer satellite rollers, namely: an inlet 13 and outlet roller 14, respectively.
- Some machines may also permit to reverse the direction of motion of the fabric therethrough.
- the arc of circumference of the drum that is en ⁇ gaged by the running fabric may also be different (smaller) than the one shown in the example of Fig. 1 where it is about equal to 270°.
- Two rotary brushes, respectively 15 and 16 are fitted in a zone of the revolving drum that is not engaged by the fabric 12.
- the two rotary brushes strip the residues of pile that are inevitably teared off by the needles of the raising fillets of the rollers.
- the pile residues are continu- ously sucked through the mouth of a sucking vacuum conduit of the pile fragments (not shown in the figures) for dust control reasons.
- the machine is provided with organs suitable to impress to the fabric, running over the drum, radial vibrations of adjustable amplitude (or intensity) and frequency.
- the vibrations are impressed to the cloth 12 running over the drum 1 of the machine at points that are circumferentially spaced by 120° from one another, by radially oscillating blades or baffles 17 (three in the depicted example) .
- Each blade 17 fitted in the separation space between two adjacent rollers and in a manner as to exclude interference with the raising fillets that cover the outer cylindrical surface of the rollers.
- Each blade or baffle 17 is mounted so as to be able to effect reciprocating radial excursions substantially over a radial plane and of independently adjustable amplitude and frequency.
- the amplitude of the reciprocating radial mo ⁇ tion of the blades 17 is such that their edge, extends radially, from a position of maximum retraction, that may be interferring (keeping slightly lifted the running fabric) or noninterferring with the fabric 12 running over the drum, by a radial height that can be predefined (corresponding to the so-called intensity of amplitude of vibrations) which may be varied from a minimum of about 0.8 millimeters to a maximum that may reach about 8.0 millimeters.
- the edge of the blades 17 may be suitably rounded and preferably constituted by a cap 18 of a low-friction material capable of resisting abrasion, for example a PTFE or a nylon, eventually incorporating conducting inserts or fibers, for example carbon fibers, capable of conferring a substantially antistatic character to the material.
- a cap 18 of a low-friction material capable of resisting abrasion for example a PTFE or a nylon, eventually incorporating conducting inserts or fibers, for example carbon fibers, capable of conferring a substantially antistatic character to the material.
- the oscillating frequency of the blades 17 may be regulated within a broad range, but it has been observed that the frequency should be comprised in a range, the lower and upper limits of which are tied to the peripheral velocity of the drum 1, that is to the tangential speed of the runnin fabric 12.
- the frequency of oscillation of the blades may vary between about 300 and 1500 cycles per minute.
- the intensity of vibrations impressed to the cloth running over the drum is adjustable by raising or lowering the supporting and guiding group of the oscil ⁇ lating blade in order to vary the radial height of the edge of the blade 17 in correspondence of its lowermost radial level reached in its reciprocating motion.
- This modifies the intensity of the vibration impressed to the running cloth and therefore the amplitude of the oscillations of the cloth running over the drum.
- the amplitude of oscillation of the blade is predefinable by modifying the parameters of the driving transmission.
- Other embodiments are easily recognizable, wherein it may be possible to vary the amplitude of oscillation of the blade, beside its position of "attack", during the running of the machine. This may be implemented more easily by employing an electromagnetic drive of the oscillating blades.
- the regulation of the amplitude may be implemented for example by modifying the relative positions of mechanical stops that define the radial distance that is covered by the reciprocating motion of the blades, which may be impressed by impulsively driven electromagnets.
- the oscillating frequency of the blades may be easily and independently regulated during operation of the machine by varying the speed of a driving electric motor or the switching frequency of driving electromagnets.
- each oscillating blade 17 is supported by three oscillating arms 19, pivoted on a block 20 which is in turn slidingly mounted on lateral raisers or posts 21 and 22, anchored to the hollow shaft 2 of the drum by means of basements 23 and 24.
- a driving electric motor 25 is mounted on each block 20 and rotates an eccetric shaft 26, on the cams 27 and 28 of which are assembled the rods 29 and 30 that transmit the reciprocating motion to the respective oscillating arms 19.
- the radial height of the block 20 may be adjusted in order to fix the position of the lowermost point of the radial excursion of the blade 17 and thus regulate the vibration effect or intensity of vibration that it impresses on the cloth 12 (in the embodiment shown, for the same amplitude of the reciprocating radial ex ⁇ cursions of the blade) .
- the pneumatically operated cylinder 32 has the func ⁇ tion of quickly retracting the whole block 20, whenever suitable sensors detect an emergency condition, as for example the tearing of the cloth 12 (typically oc- curring accidentally in correspondence of a seam) , in order to avoid that the consequent entangling of the cloth around the raising rollers may clog the oscil ⁇ lating blades 17 fitted in the relatively narrow separation space between adjacent rollers.
- an emergency condition as for example the tearing of the cloth 12 (typically oc- curring accidentally in correspondence of a seam) , in order to avoid that the consequent entangling of the cloth around the raising rollers may clog the oscil ⁇ lating blades 17 fitted in the relatively narrow separation space between adjacent rollers.
- a plurality of electrical brush contacts (rotating contacts) 33 (Fig. 2) permit to supply and control the electrical motors 25 and the end-of-run positioning groups 31, while a rotating fluid coupling 34, installed at the other end of the hollow shaft 2 of the drum permits the passage of the operating fluid (co - pressed air) for the pneumatic cylinders 32.
- the same machine may be differently equipped by employing abrasive papers or fillets in lieu of needle fillets for treating the sur ⁇ face of a cloth or of a composite fabric such as a resinated woven fabric, to nap the surface.
- the performance and productivity of the treatment process are markedly improved by impressing radial vibrations of adjustable intensity and frequency to the material running over the treatment drum of the machine.
- the possibility of indepen ⁇ dently intervening on different regulation parameters permits a more effective optimization of the treatment in function of the particular nature of the material to be treated, thus producing beside an improved result of the treatment also an increment of productivity.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/IT1995/000012 WO1996023924A1 (en) | 1995-01-31 | 1995-01-31 | Raising-napping process and machine with vibrators |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0752022A1 true EP0752022A1 (en) | 1997-01-08 |
Family
ID=11332457
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95907814A Withdrawn EP0752022A1 (en) | 1995-01-31 | 1995-01-31 | Raising-napping process and machine with vibrators |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0752022A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1996023924A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19808804C2 (en) * | 1998-03-03 | 2001-03-22 | Gematex Textilveredlungsmaschi | Machine for surface processing at least one textile web, in particular for roughening and / or sanding or the like. |
ITUD20010046A1 (en) * | 2001-03-06 | 2002-09-06 | Lafer Spa | DEVICE AND PROCEDURE FOR THE PROTECTION OF SEAMS ON A FABRIC BEING PROCESSED IN TEXTILE MACHINES |
US20170314168A1 (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2017-11-02 | Ascend Performance Materials Operations Llc | Anti-Static Fleece, Brushed Fabric and Composite Yarn for Their Manufacture |
JP2023046884A (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2023-04-05 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Treatment method, and treatment apparatus |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4463483A (en) * | 1982-03-11 | 1984-08-07 | W. H. Company, Inc. | Fabric napping apparatus |
DE8707501U1 (en) * | 1987-05-25 | 1987-08-27 | Rommerskirchen, Matthias, 4150 Krefeld | Tambour raising machine with device for raising textile goods |
-
1995
- 1995-01-31 WO PCT/IT1995/000012 patent/WO1996023924A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1995-01-31 EP EP95907814A patent/EP0752022A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9623924A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1996023924A1 (en) | 1996-08-08 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
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17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19961008 |
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AK | Designated contracting states |
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GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
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17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19971104 |
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GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
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GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
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STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN WITHDRAWN |
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18W | Application withdrawn |
Withdrawal date: 19980805 |