EP0742373A1 - Pneumatic drive unit - Google Patents

Pneumatic drive unit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0742373A1
EP0742373A1 EP96107419A EP96107419A EP0742373A1 EP 0742373 A1 EP0742373 A1 EP 0742373A1 EP 96107419 A EP96107419 A EP 96107419A EP 96107419 A EP96107419 A EP 96107419A EP 0742373 A1 EP0742373 A1 EP 0742373A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
pneumatic drive
chamber
drive device
switching element
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EP96107419A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0742373B1 (en
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Zsolt Szabo
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B13/00Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
    • F15B13/02Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
    • F15B13/04Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors for use with a single servomotor
    • F15B13/0401Valve members; Fluid interconnections therefor
    • F15B13/0402Valve members; Fluid interconnections therefor for linearly sliding valves, e.g. spool valves

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a pneumatic drive device.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a pneumatic drive device that is mechanically simple and works satisfactorily even at lower pressures.
  • a pneumatic drive device is specified with a cylindrical housing in which a piston element is guided in an axially displaceable manner, the piston element having a front piston and a rear piston at the end, which are connected to one another by a connecting tube, a switching element mounted in the housing between the pistons, which defines a variable front chamber with the front piston and a variable rear chamber with the rear piston and two pressurizable inlet openings formed in the housing, which can be connected to the front or rear chamber, the switching element in a first position exposing the inlet opening to the rear chamber, so that the rear piston moves axially outwards and the front piston axially inwards, and in a second position the inlet opening to the front chamber is free.
  • the front piston axially outwards and the rear piston axially migrates inward, with the piston moving inward in each case switching the envelope element between the two positions.
  • a universally usable pneumatic drive device is created, the pistons of which alternately carry outward impacts or pulses at a certain frequency.
  • the strength of the blows can be adjusted by dimensioning the pressure supplied and the dimensions of the components.
  • the change in the direction of movement of the pistons coupled to one another is carried out by a switching element which is positively controlled by the piston element and which alternately opens the chambers assigned to the piston in terms of printing technology, the returned pistons switching over the switching element.
  • the pneumatic drive device can use air-bearing twin pistons that are positively controlled by the switching element. The energy brought in by the pressure is effectively and continuously converted without loss. Due to the air bearing, low friction losses occur, so that a significantly higher efficiency than with conventional drive devices can be achieved.
  • the pneumatic drive device according to the invention can be used universally for all pulse-controlled or impact-controlled drive problems. It can be used particularly advantageously for implanting and explanting prostheses and intramedullary nails or for medical rasps and saws, in particular for prosthetic purposes.
  • the switching element has two radial sealing lips, which serve to mutually close the inlet openings.
  • the radial sealing lips serve on the one hand to form the front and rear chambers, which exist between the respective radial sealing lip and the inner surface of the piston.
  • the radial sealing lips serve in a second function to close the inlet openings. This double function is space-saving and reduces the total required components.
  • the distance between the two radial sealing lips is less than the distance between the inlet openings. In this way, a favorable mutual or alternative closure of the inlet openings is possible.
  • the connecting pipe has at least one front exhaust opening for venting the front chamber and at least one rear exhaust opening for venting the rear chamber. This facilitates the return movement of the corresponding piston, as a result of which the volume contained in the corresponding chamber is discharged.
  • the connecting tube is preferably passed through the switching element, so that both elements lead axially to one another. This also reduces the number of components and the space required.
  • the pistons have through openings formed on the end face for residual ventilation.
  • through openings formed in the housing can also be provided in order to support the residual ventilation.
  • through openings formed on the end face in the piston are provided. These complement the effect of the exhaust openings in the connecting pipe.
  • the connecting tube is preferably passed through the pistons and open at the end.
  • Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a half-broken embodiment a pneumatic drive device according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 shows a cross section through the embodiment of Figure 1.
  • the pneumatic drive device shown in the figures has a housing 2 which has two sections of different inner diameters.
  • the outer diameter of the housing is the same over the entire length.
  • the different dimensioning of the section cross sections or piston cross sections allows the pulse amplitude to be set in the respective direction, so that different pulse amplitudes or power pulse amplitudes can be set.
  • the two sections can alternatively have the same diameter.
  • An axially displaceably mounted front piston 4 is provided in the section of the housing 2 with a larger inner diameter, while a correspondingly smaller rear piston 6 is provided in the section of the housing 2 with a smaller diameter.
  • the two pistons 4 and 6 are connected to one another by an internally hollow connecting tube 8 and therefore carry out common movements.
  • a switching element 10 is used approximately in the center of the housing 2 and serves for the mutual pressurization of the two pistons 4 and 6.
  • the switchover element 10 has two sealing lips 12, 12 ′ which are arranged at an axial distance from one another and are both located in the housing section of smaller diameter. Between the front sealing lip 12 'and the front piston 4 arranged opposite, there is a front chamber 14 which serves as a pressurizing chamber for the piston 4. There is a rear chamber 16 between the rear sealing lip 12 and the rear piston 6 arranged opposite, which serves as a pressurizing chamber for the piston.
  • inlet openings 18, 20 which are arranged at an axial distance from one another and which serve to pressurize the two chambers 14 and 16.
  • the two inlet openings 18, 20 open in the region of the axially displaceably mounted switching element 10.
  • the switching element 10 is designed and installed in such a way that it can be displaced between a first left position shown in FIG. 2 and a second position (not shown).
  • the inlet opening 18 to the front chamber 14 is blocked by the sealing lip 12 ', so that the chamber 14 cannot be pressurized.
  • the inlet opening 20 is in communication with the rear chamber 16.
  • the two inlet openings 18, 20 are connected to a pressure source, so that the pressure medium flowing into the chamber 16 moves the piston 6 outwards, while the volume of the chamber 16 is increased. Since the two pistons 4 and 6 are coupled, the piston 4 executes an inward movement in the same direction.
  • the axially outermost end of the switching element 10 is formed by a sleeve 26 against which the piston 4 abuts during its return movement.
  • the piston 4 guides the switching element from a first position (shown on the left in FIG. 2) to the second position (not shown), in which the inlet opening 18 to the front chamber 14 is open, while the inlet opening 20 to the rear, by abutment against the sleeve 26 Chamber 16 is now closed.
  • the pressure line connected to the inlet opening 18 leads pressure medium into the front chamber 14 which thereby expands, as a result of which the piston 4 is driven outwards.
  • the piston 6 executes an inward movement which in the last third of the movement leads to abutment against a sleeve 26 'formed in the switching element 10 at the end.
  • the recoiling piston 6 pushes the switching element 10 from its second position back into its first position (shown in FIG. 2) by abutment on the sleeve 26 '.
  • Each of the two pistons 4 and 6 leads to a reciprocating movement of the two pistons.
  • Each of the two pistons can be used as a pneumatic drive device.
  • the connecting pipe 8 there are two discharge openings for opening in the chamber 14 22, 22 'are formed, which serve to discharge the pneumatic volume received in the chamber 14.
  • the connecting tube 8 is passed through the piston 4 and opens on its outer end face.
  • the connecting tube 8 is also passed through the piston 6 and opens on its outer end face.
  • through openings formed in the front of the two pistons 4, 6 or a gap formed between the cylinder and the piston are provided, which are used for residual ventilation. These interact appropriately with the discharge openings 22, 22 'and 24, 24'.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)

Abstract

The ram comprises a cylindrical housing (2), in which front and rear pistons (4,6) are joined together by a tube (8). The changeover component (10) between the pistons forms with them variable-volume front and rear chambers (14,16). Two compressed-air inlet ports (18,20) are connected to the chambers, and in a first position the changeover component opens the port to the rear chamber, causing the rear piston to move axially outwards and the front one axially inwards, while in the second movement takes place in the opposite direction. The component is moved into each position by the piston which is moving inwards.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine pneumatische Antriebsvorrichtung.The present invention relates to a pneumatic drive device.

Es sind bereits große und unhandliche pneumatische Antriebsvorrichtungen bekannt, die nur bei Drücken über 5 bar effektiv arbeiten und aufgrund dessen einer guten Isolation der druckführenden Leitungen bedürfen. Derartige pneumatische Antriebsvorrichtungen sind schwer, unhandlich und mechanisch aufwendig.Large and bulky pneumatic drive devices are already known which only work effectively at pressures above 5 bar and therefore require good insulation of the pressure-carrying lines. Such pneumatic drive devices are heavy, unwieldy and mechanically complex.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist die Angabe einer pneumatischen Antriebsvorrichtung, die mechanisch einfach aufgebaut ist und auch bei geringerem Drücken befriedigend arbeitet.The object of the present invention is to provide a pneumatic drive device that is mechanically simple and works satisfactorily even at lower pressures.

Erfindungsgemäß ist angegeben eine pneumatische Antriebsvorrichtung mit
einem zylindrischen Gehäuse, in dem ein Kolbenelement axial verschieblich geführt ist, wobei das Kolbenelement endseitig einen vorderen Kolben und einen hinteren Kolben aufweist, die durch ein Verbindungsrohr miteinander verbunden sind,
einem in dem Gehäuse zwischen den Kolben gelagerten Umschaltelement, welches mit dem vorderen Kolben eine veränderliche vordere Kammer und mit dem hinteren Kolben eine veränderliche hintere Kammer definiert und
zwei im Gehäuse gebildeten druckbeaufschlagbaren Einlaßöffnungen, die mit der vorderen bzw. hinteren Kammer verbindbar sind, wobei das Umschaltelement in einer ersten Position die Einlaßöffnung zur hinteren Kammer freigibt, so daß der hintere Kolben axial nach außen und der vordere Kolben axial nach innen wandert, und in einer zweiten Position die Einlaßöffnung zur vorderen Kammer frei . gibt, so daß der vordere Kolben axial nach außen und der hintere Kolben axial nach innen wandert, wobei der jeweils einwärts bewegte Kolben das Umschlagelement zwischen den beiden Positionen umstellt.
According to the invention, a pneumatic drive device is specified with
a cylindrical housing in which a piston element is guided in an axially displaceable manner, the piston element having a front piston and a rear piston at the end, which are connected to one another by a connecting tube,
a switching element mounted in the housing between the pistons, which defines a variable front chamber with the front piston and a variable rear chamber with the rear piston and
two pressurizable inlet openings formed in the housing, which can be connected to the front or rear chamber, the switching element in a first position exposing the inlet opening to the rear chamber, so that the rear piston moves axially outwards and the front piston axially inwards, and in a second position the inlet opening to the front chamber is free. there, so that the front piston axially outwards and the rear piston axially migrates inward, with the piston moving inward in each case switching the envelope element between the two positions.

Mit der Erfindung wird eine universell einsetzbare pneumatische Antriebsvorrichtung geschaffen, deren Kolben abwechselnd nach außen gerichtete Schläge bzw. Impulse in einer bestimmten Frequenz ausführen. Die Stärke der Schläge läßt sich durch die Dimensionierung des zugeführten Druckes und der Abmessungen der Bauteile einstellen. Die Umstellung der Bewegungsrichtung der miteinander gekoppelten Kolben erfolgt durch ein vom Kolbenelement zwangsgesteuertes Umschaltelement, das wechselseitig die dem Kolben zugeordneten Kammern drucktechnisch öffnet, wobei die rückgeführten Kolben das Umschaltelement umschalten. Die einfache mechanische Ausgestaltung schafft eine pneumatische Antriebsvorrichtung von konstruktiv einfachem Aufbau, deren Teile pneumatisch geführt sind, so daß eine Schmierung entfällt.With the invention, a universally usable pneumatic drive device is created, the pistons of which alternately carry outward impacts or pulses at a certain frequency. The strength of the blows can be adjusted by dimensioning the pressure supplied and the dimensions of the components. The change in the direction of movement of the pistons coupled to one another is carried out by a switching element which is positively controlled by the piston element and which alternately opens the chambers assigned to the piston in terms of printing technology, the returned pistons switching over the switching element. The simple mechanical design creates a pneumatic drive device of simple construction, the parts of which are guided pneumatically, so that lubrication is not required.

Die Lagerung auf Luftpolstern minimiert den Energieverlust durch Reibung. Die pneumatische Antriebsvorrichtung kann verwenden luftgelagerte Zwillingskolben, die von dem Umschaltelement zwangsgesteuert werden. Die durch den Druck eingebrachte Energie wird effektiv und kontinuierlich ohne Verlust umgesetzt. Aufgrund der Luftlagerung entstehen geringe Reibungsverluste, so daß ein wesentlich höherer Wirkungsgrad als bei herkömmlichen Antriebsvorrichtung erreicht werden kann. Die erfindungsgemäße pneumatische Antriebsvorrichtung ist universell einsetzbar für alle impulsgesteuerten bzw. schlaggesteuerten Antriebsprobleme. Sie kann besonders vorteilhaft eingesetzt werden zum Implantieren und Explantieren von Prothesen und Marknägeln bzw. für medizinische Raspeln und Sägen, insbesondere für prothetische Zwecke.Storage on air cushions minimizes energy loss through friction. The pneumatic drive device can use air-bearing twin pistons that are positively controlled by the switching element. The energy brought in by the pressure is effectively and continuously converted without loss. Due to the air bearing, low friction losses occur, so that a significantly higher efficiency than with conventional drive devices can be achieved. The pneumatic drive device according to the invention can be used universally for all pulse-controlled or impact-controlled drive problems. It can be used particularly advantageously for implanting and explanting prostheses and intramedullary nails or for medical rasps and saws, in particular for prosthetic purposes.

Es ist bevorzugt, daß das Umschaltelement zwei radiale Dichtlippen aufweist, die zum wechselseitigen Verschließen der Einlaßöffnungen dienen. Die radialen Dichtlippen dienen einerseits zur Bildung der vorderen und hinteren Kammer, die zwischen der jeweiligen radialen Dichtlippe und der Kolbeninnenfläche bestehen. Andererseits dienen die radialen Dichtlippen in zweiter Funktion zum Verschliessen der Einlaßöffnungen. Diese Doppelfunktion ist platzsparend und reduziert die insgesamt benötigten Bauteile.It is preferred that the switching element has two radial sealing lips, which serve to mutually close the inlet openings. The radial sealing lips serve on the one hand to form the front and rear chambers, which exist between the respective radial sealing lip and the inner surface of the piston. On the other hand, the radial sealing lips serve in a second function to close the inlet openings. This double function is space-saving and reduces the total required components.

Es ist ferner bevorzugt, daß der Abstand der beiden radialen Dichtlippen geringer ist als der Abstand zwischen den Einlaßöffnungen. Auf diese Weise ist eine günstige wechselseitige bzw. alternative Verschließung der Einlaßöffnungen möglich.It is further preferred that the distance between the two radial sealing lips is less than the distance between the inlet openings. In this way, a favorable mutual or alternative closure of the inlet openings is possible.

Das Verbindungsrohr weist mindestens eine vordere Abzugsöffnung zur Entlüftung der vorderen Kammer und mindestens eine hintere Abzugsöffnung zur Entlüftung der hinteren Kammer auf. Dies erleichtert die Rückbewegung des entsprechenden Kolbens, wodurch das in der entsprechenden Kammer enthaltene Volumen abgeführt wird.The connecting pipe has at least one front exhaust opening for venting the front chamber and at least one rear exhaust opening for venting the rear chamber. This facilitates the return movement of the corresponding piston, as a result of which the volume contained in the corresponding chamber is discharged.

Das Verbindungsrohr ist bevorzugt durch das Umschaltelement hindurchgeführt, so daß beide Elemente einander axial führen. Dadurch ist die Anzahl der Bauteile und der Platzbedarf ebenfalls vermindert. Die Kolben weisen stirnseitig gebildete Durchgangsöffnungen zur Restentlüftung auf. Alternativ oder zusätzlich können auch im Gehäuse gebildete Durchgangsöffnungen vorgesehen sein, um die Restentlüftung zu unterstützen. Ferner ist es möglich, zwischen Kolben und Zylinder einen ausreichend dimensionierten Ringspalt vorzusehen, der die Restentlüftung der entsprechenden Zylinderkammer gewährleistet. Um auch das in der jeweiligen Kammer enthaltene Restvolumen geeignet abzuführen, sind stirnseitig im Kolben gebildete Durchgangsöffnungen vorgesehen. Diese ergänzen die Wirkung der im Verbindungsrohr angebrachten Abzugsöffnungen.The connecting tube is preferably passed through the switching element, so that both elements lead axially to one another. This also reduces the number of components and the space required. The pistons have through openings formed on the end face for residual ventilation. As an alternative or in addition, through openings formed in the housing can also be provided in order to support the residual ventilation. Furthermore, it is possible to provide a sufficiently dimensioned annular gap between the piston and the cylinder, which ensures the residual ventilation of the corresponding cylinder chamber. In order to also discharge the residual volume contained in the respective chamber in a suitable manner, through openings formed on the end face in the piston are provided. These complement the effect of the exhaust openings in the connecting pipe.

Das Verbindungsrohr ist bevorzugt durch die Kolben hindurchgeführt und endseitig offen.The connecting tube is preferably passed through the pistons and open at the end.

Weitere Vorteile und Anwendungsmöglichkeiten der vorliegenden Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung eines Ausführungsbeispieles in Verbindung mit der Zeichnung.Further advantages and possible uses of the present invention result from the following description of an exemplary embodiment in conjunction with the drawing.

Figur 1 zeigt eine perspektivische Ansicht einer halb weggebrochenen Ausführungsform einer pneumatischen Antriebsvorrichtung nach der Erfindung.Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a half-broken embodiment a pneumatic drive device according to the invention.

Figur 2 zeigt einen Querschnitt durch die Ausführungsform von Figur 1.Figure 2 shows a cross section through the embodiment of Figure 1.

Die in den Figuren gezeigte pneumatische Antriebsvorrichtung weist ein Gehäuse 2 auf, das zwei Abschnitte unterschiedlichen Innendurchmessers aufweist. Der Außendurchmesser des Gehäuses ist über die gesamte Länge gleich. Die unterschiedliche Dimensionierung der Abschnittsquerschnitte bzw. Kolbenquerschnitte erlaubt die Einstellung der Impulsamplitude in der jeweiligen Richtung, so daß unterschiedliche Impulsamplituden bzw. Kraftstoßamplituden einstellbar sind. Die beiden Abschnitte können alternativ gleichen Durchmesser aufweisen.The pneumatic drive device shown in the figures has a housing 2 which has two sections of different inner diameters. The outer diameter of the housing is the same over the entire length. The different dimensioning of the section cross sections or piston cross sections allows the pulse amplitude to be set in the respective direction, so that different pulse amplitudes or power pulse amplitudes can be set. The two sections can alternatively have the same diameter.

In dem Abschnitt des Gehäuses 2 mit größerem Innendurchmesser ist ein axial verschieblich gelagerter vorderer Kolben 4 vorgesehen, während im Abschnitt des Gehäuses 2 mit kleinerem Durchmesser ein entsprechend kleinerer hinterer Kolben 6 vorgesehen ist. Die beiden Kolben 4 und 6 sind durch ein innen hohles Verbindungsrohr 8 miteinander verbunden und führen daher gemeinsame Bewegungen aus.An axially displaceably mounted front piston 4 is provided in the section of the housing 2 with a larger inner diameter, while a correspondingly smaller rear piston 6 is provided in the section of the housing 2 with a smaller diameter. The two pistons 4 and 6 are connected to one another by an internally hollow connecting tube 8 and therefore carry out common movements.

Etwa mittig im Gehäuse 2 ist ein Umschaltelement 10 eingesetzt, das zur wechselseitigen Druckbeaufschlagung der beiden Kolben 4 und 6 dient. Das Umschaltelement 10 weist zwei im axialen Abstand voneinander angeordnete Dichtlippen 12, 12' auf, die sich beide im Gehäuseabschnitt kleineren Durchmessers befinden. Zwischen der vorderen Dichtlippe 12' und dem gegenüber angeordneten vorderen Kolben 4 befindet sich eine vordere Kammer 14, die als Druckbeaufschlagungskammer für den Kolben 4 dient. Zwischen der hinteren Dichtlippe 12 und dem gegenüber angeordneten hinteren Kolben 6 befindet sich eine hintere Kammer 16, die als Druckbeaufschlagungskammer für den Kolben dient.A switching element 10 is used approximately in the center of the housing 2 and serves for the mutual pressurization of the two pistons 4 and 6. The switchover element 10 has two sealing lips 12, 12 ′ which are arranged at an axial distance from one another and are both located in the housing section of smaller diameter. Between the front sealing lip 12 'and the front piston 4 arranged opposite, there is a front chamber 14 which serves as a pressurizing chamber for the piston 4. There is a rear chamber 16 between the rear sealing lip 12 and the rear piston 6 arranged opposite, which serves as a pressurizing chamber for the piston.

In dem Gehäuse 2, und zwar dem Abschnitt des kleineren Durchmessers, befinden sich zwei im axialen Abstand voneinander angeordnete Einlaßöffnungen 18, 20, die zur Druckbeaufschlagung für die beiden Kammern 14 und 16 dienen.In the housing 2, namely the section of the smaller diameter, there are two inlet openings 18, 20 which are arranged at an axial distance from one another and which serve to pressurize the two chambers 14 and 16.

Die beiden Einlaßöffnungen 18, 20 münden im Bereich des axial verschieblich gelagerten Umschaltelementes 10.The two inlet openings 18, 20 open in the region of the axially displaceably mounted switching element 10.

Das Umschaltelement 10 ist so ausgestaltet und eingebaut, daß es zwischen einer ersten, in Figur 2 gezeigten, linken Position und einer zweiten (nicht gezeigten) Position verschiebbar ist. In der ersten in Figur 2 gezeigten Position ist die Einlaßöffnung 18 zur vorderen Kammer 14 durch die Dichtlippe 12' versperrt, so daß die Kammer 14 nicht druckbeaufschlagt werden kann. Hingegen ist in dieser ersten Position die Einlaßöffnung 20 mit der hinteren Kammer 16 in Verbindung. Die beiden Einlaßöffnungen 18, 20 sind mit einer Druckquelle verbunden, so daß das in die Kammer 16 einströmende Druckmedium den Kolben 6 nach außen bewegt, während das Volumen der Kammer 16 vergrößert wird. Da die beiden Kolben 4 und 6 gekoppelt sind, führt der Kolben 4 eine gleichsinnig nach innen gerichtete Bewegung aus. Das axial äußerste Ende des Umschaltelementes 10 wird von einer Manschette 26 gebildet, gegen die der Kolben 4 bei seiner Rückbewegung stößt. Der Kolben 4 führt durch Anlage an die Manschette 26 das Umschaltelement aus einer ersten (in Figur 2 links gezeigten) Position in die zweite (nicht gezeigte) Position, in der die Einlaßöffnung 18 zur vorderen Kammer 14 geöffnet ist, während die Einlaßöffnung 20 zur hinteren Kammer 16 nun geschlossen ist. Die an die Einlaßöffnung 18 angeschlossene Druckleitung führt Druckmedium in die dadurch expandierende Vorderkammer 14, wodurch der Kolben 4 nach außen getrieben wird. Gleichzeitig führt der Kolben 6 eine nach innen gerichtete Bewegung aus, die im letzten Drittel der Bewegung zur Anlage an eine endseitig im Umschaltelement 10 gebildete Manschette 26' führt. Der zurückschnellende Kolben 6 schiebt durch Anlage an der Manschette 26' das Umschaltelement 10 von seiner zweiten Position zurück in seine erste Position (in Figur 2 gezeigt).The switching element 10 is designed and installed in such a way that it can be displaced between a first left position shown in FIG. 2 and a second position (not shown). In the first position shown in FIG. 2, the inlet opening 18 to the front chamber 14 is blocked by the sealing lip 12 ', so that the chamber 14 cannot be pressurized. In contrast, in this first position the inlet opening 20 is in communication with the rear chamber 16. The two inlet openings 18, 20 are connected to a pressure source, so that the pressure medium flowing into the chamber 16 moves the piston 6 outwards, while the volume of the chamber 16 is increased. Since the two pistons 4 and 6 are coupled, the piston 4 executes an inward movement in the same direction. The axially outermost end of the switching element 10 is formed by a sleeve 26 against which the piston 4 abuts during its return movement. The piston 4 guides the switching element from a first position (shown on the left in FIG. 2) to the second position (not shown), in which the inlet opening 18 to the front chamber 14 is open, while the inlet opening 20 to the rear, by abutment against the sleeve 26 Chamber 16 is now closed. The pressure line connected to the inlet opening 18 leads pressure medium into the front chamber 14 which thereby expands, as a result of which the piston 4 is driven outwards. At the same time, the piston 6 executes an inward movement which in the last third of the movement leads to abutment against a sleeve 26 'formed in the switching element 10 at the end. The recoiling piston 6 pushes the switching element 10 from its second position back into its first position (shown in FIG. 2) by abutment on the sleeve 26 '.

Die beschriebene wechselseitige Beaufschlagung der beiden Kolben 4 und 6 führt zu einer hin- und hergehenden Bewegung der beiden Kolben. Jeder der beiden Kolben kann als pneumatische Antriebsvorrichtung verwendet werden.The described mutual action of the two pistons 4 and 6 leads to a reciprocating movement of the two pistons. Each of the two pistons can be used as a pneumatic drive device.

In dem Verbindungsrohr 8 sind zur Öffnung in der Kammer 14 zwei Abzugsöffnungen 22, 22' gebildet, die zur Abführung des in der Kammer 14 aufgenommenen pneumatischen Volumens dienen. Zu diesem Zweck ist das Verbindungsrohr 8 durch den Kolben 4 hindurchgeführt und öffnet sich an dessen äußeren Stirnfläche. Ebenfalls sind zur Öffnung in der hinteren Kammer 16 zwei gegenüberliegende hintere Abzugsöffnungen 24, 24' gebildet, die zur Fluidentleerung der hinteren Kammer 16 bei deren Kontraktion dienen. Das Verbindungsrohr 8 ist auch durch den Kolben 6 hindurchgeführt und öffnet sich an dessen äußeren Stirnfläche. Zur Restentlüftung sind stirnseitig in den beiden Kolben 4, 6 gebildete Durchgangsöffnungen bzw. ein zwischen Zylinder und Kolben gebildeter Spalt vorgesehen, die zur Restentlüftung dienen. Diese wirken mit den Abzugsöffnungen 22, 22' bzw. 24, 24' geeignet zusammen.In the connecting pipe 8 there are two discharge openings for opening in the chamber 14 22, 22 'are formed, which serve to discharge the pneumatic volume received in the chamber 14. For this purpose, the connecting tube 8 is passed through the piston 4 and opens on its outer end face. Likewise, two opposite rear discharge openings 24, 24 'are formed for opening in the rear chamber 16, which serve to empty the fluid in the rear chamber 16 during its contraction. The connecting tube 8 is also passed through the piston 6 and opens on its outer end face. For residual ventilation, through openings formed in the front of the two pistons 4, 6 or a gap formed between the cylinder and the piston are provided, which are used for residual ventilation. These interact appropriately with the discharge openings 22, 22 'and 24, 24'.

Claims (8)

Pneumatische Antriebsvorrichtung mit
einem zylindrischen Gehäuse (2), in dem ein Kolbenelement (4, 6, 8) axial verschieblich geführt ist, wobei das Kolbenelement endseitig einen vorderen Kolben (4) und einen hinteren Kolben (6) aufweist, die durch ein Verbindungsrohr (8) miteinander verbunden sind,
einem in dem Gehäuse (2) zwischen den Kolben (4, 6) gelagerten Umschaltelement (10), welches mit dem vorderen Kolben (4) eine veränderliche vordere Kammer (14) und mit dem hinteren Kolben (6) eine veränderliche hintere Kammer (16) definiert, und
zwei im Gehäuse (2) gebildeten, druckbeaufschlagbaren Einlaßöffnungen (18, 20), die mit der vorderen bzw. hinteren Kammer verbindbar sind, wobei das Umschaltelement (10) in einer ersten Position die Einlaßöffnung (20) zur hinteren Kammer freigibt, so daß der hintere Kolben (6) axial auswärts und der vordere Kolben (4) axial einwärts wandert, und in einer zweiten Position die Einlaßöffnung (18) zur vorderen Kammer (14) freigibt, so daß der vordere Kolben (4) axial auswärts und der hintere Kolben (6) axial einwärts wandert, wobei der jeweils einwärts bewegte Kolben (4, 6) das Umschaltelement (10) zwischen den beiden Positionen umstellt.
Pneumatic drive device with
a cylindrical housing (2) in which a piston element (4, 6, 8) is axially displaceably guided, the piston element having a front piston (4) and a rear piston (6) at the end, which are connected to one another by a connecting tube (8) are connected,
a switching element (10) mounted in the housing (2) between the pistons (4, 6), which has a variable front chamber (14) with the front piston (4) and a variable rear chamber (16 ) defined, and
two in the housing (2), pressurizable inlet openings (18, 20) which can be connected to the front or rear chamber, the switching element (10) in a first position opening the inlet opening (20) to the rear chamber, so that the rear piston (6) moves axially outwards and the front piston (4) moves axially inwards, and in a second position opens the inlet opening (18) to the front chamber (14) so that the front piston (4) axially outwards and the rear piston (6) migrates axially inwards, the piston (4, 6) moving inwards in each case switching over the switching element (10) between the two positions.
Pneumatische Antriebsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Umschaltelement (10) zwei radiale Dichtlippen (12, 12') aufweist, welche die Einlaßöffnungen wechselseitig alternativ öffnen bzw. schließen.Pneumatic drive device according to claim 1, characterized in that the switching element (10) has two radial sealing lips (12, 12 ') which alternately open or close the inlet openings alternately. Pneumatische Antriebsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Abstand der Dichtlippen (12, 12') geringer ist als der Abstand der Einlaßöffnungen (18, 20).Pneumatic drive device according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance between the sealing lips (12, 12 ') is less than that Distance between the inlet openings (18, 20). Pneumatische Antriebsvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verbindungsrohr (8) mindestens eine vordere Abzugsöffnung (22, 22') zur Entlüftung der vorderen Kammer (14) und mindestens eine hintere Abzugsöffnung (24, 24') zur Entlüftung der hinteren Kammer (16) aufweist.Pneumatic drive device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connecting tube (8) has at least one front exhaust opening (22, 22 ') for venting the front chamber (14) and at least one rear exhaust opening (24, 24') for venting the rear Has chamber (16). Pneumatische Antriebsvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verbindungsrohr (8) durch das Umschaltelement (10) hindurchgeführt ist.Pneumatic drive device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connecting tube (8) is passed through the switching element (10). Pneumatische Antriebsvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kolben stirnseitig gebildete Durchgangsöffnungen zur Restentlüftung aufweisen.Pneumatic drive device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pistons have through openings formed on the end face for residual ventilation. Pneumatische Antriebsvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verbindungsrohr (8) durch die Kolben (4, 6) axial hindurchgeführt und endseitig offen ist.Pneumatic drive device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connecting tube (8) is passed axially through the pistons (4, 6) and is open at the end. Pneumatische Antriebsvorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Gehäuse (2) Durchgangsöffnungen zur Restentlüftung aufweist.Pneumatic drive device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing (2) has through-openings for residual ventilation.
EP96107419A 1995-05-09 1996-05-09 Pneumatic drive unit Expired - Lifetime EP0742373B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19516977 1995-05-09
DE19516977A DE19516977C2 (en) 1995-05-09 1995-05-09 Pneumatic drive device

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EP0742373A1 true EP0742373A1 (en) 1996-11-13
EP0742373B1 EP0742373B1 (en) 1999-08-18

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US (1) US5676033A (en)
EP (1) EP0742373B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE183573T1 (en)
DE (1) DE19516977C2 (en)

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WO2011014954A1 (en) * 2009-08-04 2011-02-10 Depiak Industrial Technology Corporation Fluid driven reciprocating linear motor
JP6665985B2 (en) * 2017-04-07 2020-03-13 Smc株式会社 Pressure booster

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DE3607063A1 (en) * 1985-03-15 1986-09-25 Finomszerelvénygyár, Eger Control valve for double-acting pneumatic working cylinders

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DE3607063A1 (en) * 1985-03-15 1986-09-25 Finomszerelvénygyár, Eger Control valve for double-acting pneumatic working cylinders

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19516977C2 (en) 1997-03-27
EP0742373B1 (en) 1999-08-18
US5676033A (en) 1997-10-14
ATE183573T1 (en) 1999-09-15
DE19516977A1 (en) 1996-11-21

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