EP0741503A1 - Method of operation of a high-pressure gas-discharge lamp and circuit - Google Patents

Method of operation of a high-pressure gas-discharge lamp and circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0741503A1
EP0741503A1 EP96106498A EP96106498A EP0741503A1 EP 0741503 A1 EP0741503 A1 EP 0741503A1 EP 96106498 A EP96106498 A EP 96106498A EP 96106498 A EP96106498 A EP 96106498A EP 0741503 A1 EP0741503 A1 EP 0741503A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lamp
circuit arrangement
operating mode
power
ballast
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP96106498A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0741503B1 (en
Inventor
Wolfgang Prof.Dr. Heering
Peter Dipl.-Ing. Schwarz
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Eta Plus Electronic GmbH and Co KG
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Eta Plus Electronic GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP0741503A1 publication Critical patent/EP0741503A1/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/282—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices
    • H05B41/285—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2858—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the lamp against abnormal operating conditions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/36—Controlling
    • H05B41/38—Controlling the intensity of light
    • H05B41/40—Controlling the intensity of light discontinuously
    • H05B41/42—Controlling the intensity of light discontinuously in two steps only
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S315/00—Electric lamp and discharge devices: systems
    • Y10S315/04—Dimming circuit for fluorescent lamps

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating a high-pressure gas discharge lamp in different operating modes, of which a first corresponds to the operation with nominal power and a second corresponds to operation with reduced power compared to the nominal power.
  • the invention also relates to a circuit arrangement for carrying out this method.
  • the high-pressure gas discharge lamp is operated in all operating modes at the mains frequency, because the conventional ballasts, which generally contain a choke, a transducer or a stray field transformer, have the same frequency at their output as at their input, which is connected to the Network is connected.
  • the high-pressure gas discharge lamp is operated on such a conventional ballast, it is not possible to reduce the lamp power to less than about 40% of the nominal power without reducing the lamp life. In many cases, however, it would be desirable to be able to temporarily operate the lamp with less power in a way that is gentle on the lamp.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a method of the type mentioned at the outset which makes it possible without reducing the service life the lamp can also be operated with an output below 40% of the nominal output. This object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1.
  • the lamp Due to the fact that the lamp is operated exclusively or predominantly with mains frequency energy only in the nominal power range, but exclusively or predominantly with higher frequency energy at a reduced power, stable, lamp-friendly operation can also be achieved with powers below 25% of the nominal power. Operation with less than 25% of the nominal power is advantageous, for example, when a substrate is irradiated by means of the lamp for the purpose of drying and the drying process has to be temporarily interrupted. But also for reasons of energy saving, it may be desirable if a high-pressure gas discharge lamp with low power can be operated in standby mode.
  • the lamp power is preferably kept at a value between 10% and 15%. The energy consumption and the radiation power are then reduced accordingly. Nevertheless, the lamp can be brought back to its nominal output in a very short time.
  • At least one third operating mode is provided, in which the lamp power is kept at a minimum value of a few percent of the nominal power, for example 1-5%.
  • the lamp current is advantageously regulated in order to ensure that a lamp-protecting arc discharge with hot focal spots on the electrodes is guaranteed at all times, which contributes to lamp-protecting operation as well as the disappearance of re-ignition peaks, which are also avoided.
  • the lamp can be brought to its nominal power with full radiation emission in a short time span of less than 10 seconds.
  • the invention is also based on the object of providing a circuit arrangement for carrying out the method according to the invention. This object is achieved by a circuit arrangement having the features of claim 10.
  • ballasts are easily possible to operate simultaneously if care is taken to ensure that mutual interference is eliminated. This is possible in a simple manner in that the two ballasts are separated from one another on the output side by at least one filter. Isolating chokes, isolating capacitors, low-pass filters or resonant resonant circuits are suitable for such a separation.
  • a switchover device can be provided which enables a switchover from one ballast to the other without the arc discharge being extinguished during the switchover process.
  • the electronic ballast has a device for controlling the variable frequency and / or for regulating the current or power supplied to the lamp.
  • the lamp can be operated in an optimal manner in all operating modes and thus in a manner which is gentle on the lamp.
  • This device is connected to a sensor for the actual value of the current supplied by the electronic ballast to the lamp and a sensor for its output voltage.
  • a variable output frequency of the electronic ballast can be achieved in a simple manner by means of a converter.
  • a high-pressure discharge lamp 1 which is used, for example, as a radiation source for a drying device for printed webs, is connected on the one hand via an isolating choke 2 and on the other hand directly to one or the other output 3 of a conventional ballast 4, which contains, for example, a choke, a transducer or a stray field transformer.
  • the conventional ballast 4 On the input side, the conventional ballast 4 is connected to the 50 or 60 Hz low-voltage network during operation.
  • a capacitor 5 serving as a filter is also connected to the outputs 3 and is used for those with higher frequencies Currents, which are not completely suppressed by the isolating choke 2, form a short circuit.
  • the lamp 2 is connected to the secondary side of a transformer 9 with the interposition of an isolating capacitor 6 and a resonant circuit, which consists of an oscillating circuit choke 7 and an oscillating circuit capacitor 8.
  • a transformer 9 with the interposition of an isolating capacitor 6 and a resonant circuit, which consists of an oscillating circuit choke 7 and an oscillating circuit capacitor 8.
  • the resonant circuit choke 7 and the isolating capacitor 6 are in one current path leading to the lamp 1, while the resonant circuit capacitor 8 is connected to the one side of this current path between the resonant circuit choke 7 and the isolating capacitor 6 and the other to the other current path connected.
  • the primary side of the transformer 9 is connected to the output of an inverter 10, which has a variable output frequency and a variable output voltage.
  • the inverter 10 is connected to a bridge rectifier 11, which is connected to the 50 Hz low-voltage network during operation.
  • a 12V power supply unit can also be connected to this network, which supplies the energy for the operation of a control unit 13, by means of which the output frequency of the inverter 10 can be set in a range between 50 and 200 kHz and its output voltage and output current.
  • This control unit 13 is connected to a sensor 14 for the actual value of the current of the lamp 1 and to a voltage sensor 15 for the output voltage of the transformer 9.
  • the bridge rectifier 11, the inverter 10 with its control device 13 and its power supply 12 and the transformer 9 form an electronic ballast 16, the operating frequency of which in the exemplary embodiment 100 kHz. Therefore, in the exemplary embodiment, the resonance frequency of the resonant circuit consisting of the resonant circuit choke 7 and the resonant circuit capacitor 8 is 80 kHz. Thanks to this resonant circuit, the isolating capacitor 6, the isolating choke 2 and the capacitor 5, the conventional ballast 8 and the electronic ballast 16 do not interfere with one another. They can therefore be operated simultaneously.
  • the electronic ballast When the lamp 1 is operated at its nominal power, the electronic ballast is controlled so that essentially all of the energy is supplied by the conventional ballast 4. If, for example, because of a shorter interruption in the transport of the substrate to be dried, the power of the lamp 1 is to be reduced to such an extent that the substrate does not suffer any damage, even if it is exposed to the radiation from the lamp 1 for a long time, then an upper standby operating point is approached , in which the power of the lamp 1 is reduced to approximately 10% of the nominal power. In this operating mode, the lamp 1 receives its energy essentially from the electronic ballast 16, that is to say in the exemplary embodiment at a frequency of 100 kHz.
  • the lamp 1 is operated gently, ie it burns stably with hot focal spots on its electrodes. Re-ignition peaks do not occur.
  • the output power of the electronic ballast 16 need only be designed for this reduced lamp power. If the full lamp power is required again, the conventional ballast 4 is made fully effective again. This will bring the lamp to full power in three to five seconds.
  • a lower standby point can be reached, in which the lamp only consumes a power of a few percent of the nominal power, in the exemplary embodiment 1.5% of the nominal power.
  • the Lamp 1 is also operated gently, because the current supplied by the electronic ballast 16 is regulated so that hot focal spots are maintained.
  • both the emitted radiation power and the energy consumption are extremely low. This operating mode does not shorten the lifespan.
  • the lamp 1 is only fed by the electronic ballast 16. By switching on the conventional ballast 4, the nominal power can be achieved again in the time required even when the lamp is switched on.
  • the electronic ballast 16 In order to ensure the ignition of the lamp in the cold state and to enable it in the warm state, only the electronic ballast 16 needs to be activated alone or together with the conventional ballast 4. If the lamp 1 then burns stably, the electronic ballast 16 can be switched off again.

Abstract

The lamp operating system provides alternate operating modes, for operation of the lamp at the network rating and a reduced rating, respectively. The conventional bias circuit for the lamp provides LF energy for operation of the lamp in the first operating mode and an electronic bias circuit provides HF energy for operation of the lamp in the second operating mode. Pref. the second operating mode allows the lamp to be operating at a power rating which is between 10 and 20 % of the network power rating, with stable operation of the lamp.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Hochdruckgasentladungslampe in unterschiedlichen Betriebsarten, von denen eine erste den Betrieb mit Nennleistung und eine zweite den Betrieb mit im Vergleich zur Nennleistung verminderter Leistung entspricht. Außerdem betrifft die Erfindung eine Schaltungsanordnung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens.The invention relates to a method for operating a high-pressure gas discharge lamp in different operating modes, of which a first corresponds to the operation with nominal power and a second corresponds to operation with reduced power compared to the nominal power. The invention also relates to a circuit arrangement for carrying out this method.

Bei den bekannten Verfahren dieser Art wird die Hochdruckgasentladungslampe in allen Betriebsarten mit Netzfrequenz betrieben, weil die konventionellen Vorschaltgeräte, die in der Regel eine Drossel, einen Transduktor oder einen Streufeldtransformator enthalten, an ihrem Ausgang die gleiche Frequenz wie an ihrem Eingang aufweisen, der an das Netz angeschlossen wird. Bei einem Betrieb der Hochdruckgasentladungslampe an einem solchen konventionellen Vorschaltgerät ist eine Reduzierung der Lampenleistung auf weniger als etwa 40% der Nennleistung nicht möglich, ohne die Lebensdauer der Lampe zu vermindern. In vielen Fällen wäre es aber wünschenswert, vorübergehend die Lampe mit einer geringeren Leistung lampenschonend betreiben zu können.In the known methods of this type, the high-pressure gas discharge lamp is operated in all operating modes at the mains frequency, because the conventional ballasts, which generally contain a choke, a transducer or a stray field transformer, have the same frequency at their output as at their input, which is connected to the Network is connected. When the high-pressure gas discharge lamp is operated on such a conventional ballast, it is not possible to reduce the lamp power to less than about 40% of the nominal power without reducing the lamp life. In many cases, however, it would be desirable to be able to temporarily operate the lamp with less power in a way that is gentle on the lamp.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, das es ermöglicht, ohne Reduzierung der Lebensdauer der Lampe diese auch mit einer Leistung unter 40% der Nennleistung betreiben zu können. Diese Aufgabe löst ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Anspruches 1.The invention is therefore based on the object of providing a method of the type mentioned at the outset which makes it possible without reducing the service life the lamp can also be operated with an output below 40% of the nominal output. This object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1.

Dadurch, daß die Lampe nur im Bereich der Nennleistung ausschließlich oder überwiegend mit netzfrequenter Energie, hingegen bei einer reduzierten Leistung ausschließlich oder überwiegend mit höherfrequenter Energie betrieben wird, läßt sich auch bei Leistungen unterhalb von 25% der Nennleistung ein stabiler, lampenschonender Betrieb realisieren. Ein Betrieb mit weniger als 25% der Nennleistung ist beispielsweise dann von Vorteil, wenn mittels der Lampe ein Substrat zum Zwecke der Trocknung bestrahlt wird und vorübergehend der Trocknungsprozeß unterbrochen werden muß. Aber auch aus Gründen der Energieersparnis kann es wünschenswert sein, wenn ein Standby-Betrieb einer Hochdruckgasentladungslampe mit geringer Leistung möglich ist.Due to the fact that the lamp is operated exclusively or predominantly with mains frequency energy only in the nominal power range, but exclusively or predominantly with higher frequency energy at a reduced power, stable, lamp-friendly operation can also be achieved with powers below 25% of the nominal power. Operation with less than 25% of the nominal power is advantageous, for example, when a substrate is irradiated by means of the lamp for the purpose of drying and the drying process has to be temporarily interrupted. But also for reasons of energy saving, it may be desirable if a high-pressure gas discharge lamp with low power can be operated in standby mode.

Vorzugsweise wird in der zweiten Betriebsart die Lampenleistung auf einem Wert zwischen 10% und 15% gehalten. Der Energieverbrauch und die Strahlungsleistung sind dann entsprechend reduziert. Dennoch kann in sehr kurzer Zeit die Lampe wieder auf ihre Nennleistung gebracht werden.In the second operating mode, the lamp power is preferably kept at a value between 10% and 15%. The energy consumption and the radiation power are then reduced accordingly. Nevertheless, the lamp can be brought back to its nominal output in a very short time.

Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist mindestens eine dritte Betriebsart vorgesehen, bei der die Lampenleistung auf einem Minimalwert von wenigen Prozent der Nennleistung, beispielsweise 1-5%, gehalten wird. In dieser dritten Betriebsart wird vorteilhafterweise der Lampenstrom geregelt, um sicherzustellen, daß ständig eine lampenschonende Bogenentladung mit heißen Brennflecken auf den Elektroden gewährleistet ist, was ebenso zu einem lampenschonenden Betrieb beiträgt wie das Verschwinden von Wiederzündspitzen, die ebenfalls vermieden werden.In a preferred embodiment, at least one third operating mode is provided, in which the lamp power is kept at a minimum value of a few percent of the nominal power, for example 1-5%. In this third mode of operation, the lamp current is advantageously regulated in order to ensure that a lamp-protecting arc discharge with hot focal spots on the electrodes is guaranteed at all times, which contributes to lamp-protecting operation as well as the disappearance of re-ignition peaks, which are also avoided.

Da die Zeitspanne, die benötigt wird, um eine Lampe von einer Betriebsart mit reduzierter Leistung auf die Betriebsart mit Nennleistung zu bringen, umso größer ist, je größer der Leistungsunterschied ist, ist es zweckmäßig, einen oberen Standby-Betrieb mit einer Leistung zwischen 10% und 25% und einen unteren Standby-Betrieb mit einer Leistung von wenigen Prozent der Nennleistung vorzusehen. Durch ein Zuschalten der von einem konventionellen Vorschaltgerät gelieferten niederfrequenten Energie kann dann in einer kurzen Zeitspanne von weniger als 10 Sekunden die Lampe auf ihre Nennleistung mit voller Strahlungsemission gebracht werden.Since the longer the time required to switch a lamp from a reduced power mode to the rated power mode, the greater the power difference, it is advisable to have an upper standby mode with a power between 10% and 25% and a lower standby mode with an output of a few percent of the nominal output. By switching on the low-frequency energy supplied by a conventional ballast, the lamp can be brought to its nominal power with full radiation emission in a short time span of less than 10 seconds.

Der Erfindung liegt auch die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Schaltungsanordnung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zu schaffen. Diese Aufgabe löst eine Schaltungsanordnung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruches 10.The invention is also based on the object of providing a circuit arrangement for carrying out the method according to the invention. This object is achieved by a circuit arrangement having the features of claim 10.

Es wäre zwar möglich, die Lampe in allen Betriebsarten ausschließlich an einem elektronischen Vorschaltgerät mit im Vergleich zur Netzfrequenz höherer Frequenz zu betreiben. Das elektronische Vorschaltgerät müßte dann aber für die Nennleistung der Lampe ausgelegt sein. Dadurch, daß ein kombiniertes Vorschaltgerät verwendet wird, das aus einem konventionellen Vorschaltgerät und einem elektronischen Vorschaltgerät höherer Frequenz besteht, braucht letzteres nur für eine wesentlich geringere Leistung als die Nennleistung der Lampe ausgelegt zu sein, was insgesamt zu einem deutlich reduzierten Aufwand führt.It would be possible to operate the lamp in all operating modes exclusively on an electronic ballast with a higher frequency than the mains frequency. The electronic ballast would then have to be designed for the nominal power of the lamp. The fact that a combined ballast is used, which consists of a conventional ballast and an electronic ballast of higher frequency, the latter only needs to be designed for a much lower power than the nominal power of the lamp, which leads to a significantly reduced effort overall.

Es ist ohne weiteres möglich, beide Vorschaltgeräte gleichzeitig zu betreiben, wenn dafür Sorge getragen wird, daß gegenseitige Störeinflüsse ausgeschaltet werden. Dies ist in einfacher Weise dadurch möglich, daß man die beiden Vorschaltgeräte ausgangsseitig durch wenigstens ein Filter voneinander trennt. Für eine solche Trennung kommen beispielsweise Trenndrosseln, Trennkondensatoren, Tiefpaßfilter oder Resonanzschwingkreise in Frage.It is easily possible to operate both ballasts simultaneously if care is taken to ensure that mutual interference is eliminated. This is possible in a simple manner in that the two ballasts are separated from one another on the output side by at least one filter. Isolating chokes, isolating capacitors, low-pass filters or resonant resonant circuits are suitable for such a separation.

Sofern ein wahlweiser Betrieb der Lampe nur am konventionellen Vorschaltgerät oder nur am elektronischen Vorschaltgerät gewünscht wird, kann man eine Umschalteinrichtung vorsehen, die eine Umschaltung vom einen zum anderen Vorschaltgerät ermöglicht, ohne daß die Bogenentladung während des Umschaltvorgangs erlischt.If an optional operation of the lamp is only desired on the conventional ballast or only on the electronic ballast, a switchover device can be provided which enables a switchover from one ballast to the other without the arc discharge being extinguished during the switchover process.

Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform weist das elektronische Vorschaltgerät eine Einrichtung zur Steuerung der veränderbaren Frequenz und/oder zur Regelung des der Lampe zugeführten Stromes oder der Leistung auf. Hierdurch läßt sich die Lampe bei allen Betriebsarten in optimaler Weise und damit lampenschonend betreiben. Diese Einrichtung ist an einen Geber für den Istwert des vom elektronischen Vorschaltgerät an die Lampe gelieferten Stromes und einen Geber für seine Ausgangsspannung angeschlossen.In a preferred embodiment, the electronic ballast has a device for controlling the variable frequency and / or for regulating the current or power supplied to the lamp. As a result, the lamp can be operated in an optimal manner in all operating modes and thus in a manner which is gentle on the lamp. This device is connected to a sensor for the actual value of the current supplied by the electronic ballast to the lamp and a sensor for its output voltage.

Eine veränderbare Ausgangsfrequenz des elektronischen Vorschaltgerätes kann man in einfacher weise mittels eines Umrichters erreichen.A variable output frequency of the electronic ballast can be achieved in a simple manner by means of a converter.

Im folgenden ist die Erfindung anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels im einzelnen erläutert. Die einzige Figur zeigt ein Schaltbild des Ausführungsbeispiels.The invention is explained in detail below using an exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing. The single figure shows a circuit diagram of the exemplary embodiment.

Eine Hochdruckentladungslampe 1, die beispielsweise als Strahlungsquelle einer Trocknungseinrichtung für bedruckte Bahnen dient, ist einerseits über eine Trenndrossel 2 und andererseits direkt mit dem einen bzw. anderen Ausgang 3 eines konventionellen Vorschaltgerätes 4 verbunden, das beispielsweise eine Drossel, einen Transduktor oder einen Streufeldtransformator enthält. Eingangsseitig ist das konventionelle Vorschaltgerät 4 im Betrieb mit dem 50 oder 60Hz-Niederspannungsnetz verbunden. An die Ausgänge 3 ist auch ein als Filter dienender Kondensator 5 angeschlossen, der für diejenigen höherfrequenten Ströme, welche von der Trenndrossel 2 nicht vollständig unterdrückt werden, einen Kurzschluß bildet.A high-pressure discharge lamp 1, which is used, for example, as a radiation source for a drying device for printed webs, is connected on the one hand via an isolating choke 2 and on the other hand directly to one or the other output 3 of a conventional ballast 4, which contains, for example, a choke, a transducer or a stray field transformer. On the input side, the conventional ballast 4 is connected to the 50 or 60 Hz low-voltage network during operation. A capacitor 5 serving as a filter is also connected to the outputs 3 and is used for those with higher frequencies Currents, which are not completely suppressed by the isolating choke 2, form a short circuit.

Die Lampe 2 ist andererseits unter Zwischenschaltung eines Trennkondensators 6 und eines Resonanzschwingkreises, welcher aus einer Schwingkreisdrossel 7 und einem Schwingkreiskondensator 8 besteht, an die Sekundärseite eines Transformators 9 angeschlossen. Wie die Figur zeigt, liegen, ausgehend vom Transformator 9, die Schwingkreisdrossel 7 und der Trennkondensator 6 in dem einen zur Lampe 1 führenden Strompfad, während der Schwingkreiskondensator 8 einerseits an diesen Strompfad zwischen der Schwingkreisdrossel 7 und dem Trennkondensator 6 und andererseits an den anderen Strompfad angeschlossen ist.On the other hand, the lamp 2 is connected to the secondary side of a transformer 9 with the interposition of an isolating capacitor 6 and a resonant circuit, which consists of an oscillating circuit choke 7 and an oscillating circuit capacitor 8. As the figure shows, starting from the transformer 9, the resonant circuit choke 7 and the isolating capacitor 6 are in one current path leading to the lamp 1, while the resonant circuit capacitor 8 is connected to the one side of this current path between the resonant circuit choke 7 and the isolating capacitor 6 and the other to the other current path connected.

Die Primärseite des Transformators 9 ist an den Ausgang eines Wechselrichters 10 angeschlossen, der eine veränderbare Ausgangsfrequenz und eine veränderbare Ausgangsspannung hat. Eingangsseitig ist der Wechselrichter 10 an einen Brückengleichrichter 11 angeschlossen, der im Betrieb mit dem 50Hz-Niederspannungsnetz verbunden ist.The primary side of the transformer 9 is connected to the output of an inverter 10, which has a variable output frequency and a variable output voltage. On the input side, the inverter 10 is connected to a bridge rectifier 11, which is connected to the 50 Hz low-voltage network during operation.

Mit diesem Netz ist außerdem ein 12V-Netzteil verbindbar, der die Energie liefert für den Betrieb eines Steuergerätes 13, mittels dessen die Ausgangsfrequenz des Wechselrichters 10 in einem Bereich zwischen 50 und 200 kHz sowie dessen Ausgangsspannung und Ausgangsstrom einstellbar ist. Dieses Steuergerät 13 ist an einen Geber 14 für den Istwert des Stroms der Lampe 1 und an einen Spannungsgeber 15 für die Ausgangsspannung des Transformators 9 angeschlossen.A 12V power supply unit can also be connected to this network, which supplies the energy for the operation of a control unit 13, by means of which the output frequency of the inverter 10 can be set in a range between 50 and 200 kHz and its output voltage and output current. This control unit 13 is connected to a sensor 14 for the actual value of the current of the lamp 1 and to a voltage sensor 15 for the output voltage of the transformer 9.

Der Brückengleichrichter 11, der Wechselrichter 10 mit seinem Steuergerät 13 und dessen Netzteil 12 sowie der Transformator 9 bilden ein elektronisches Vorschaltgerät 16, dessen Betriebsfrequenz im Ausführungsbeispiel bei 100 kHz liegt. Deshalb beträgt im Ausführungsbeispiel die Resonanzfrequenz des aus der Schwingkreisdrossel 7 und dem Schwingkreiskondensator 8 bestehenden Schwingkreises 80 kHz. Dank dieses Schwingkreises, des Trennkondensators 6, der Trenndrossel 2 und des Kondensators 5 stören sich das konventionelle Vorschaltgerät 8 und das elektronische Vorschaltgerät 16 nicht gegenseitig. Sie können deshalb gleichzeitig betrieben werden.The bridge rectifier 11, the inverter 10 with its control device 13 and its power supply 12 and the transformer 9 form an electronic ballast 16, the operating frequency of which in the exemplary embodiment 100 kHz. Therefore, in the exemplary embodiment, the resonance frequency of the resonant circuit consisting of the resonant circuit choke 7 and the resonant circuit capacitor 8 is 80 kHz. Thanks to this resonant circuit, the isolating capacitor 6, the isolating choke 2 and the capacitor 5, the conventional ballast 8 and the electronic ballast 16 do not interfere with one another. They can therefore be operated simultaneously.

Wenn die Lampe 1 mit ihrer Nennleistung betrieben wird, wird das elektronische Vorschaltgerät so gesteuert, daß im wesentlichen die gesamte Energie vom konventionellen Vorschaltgerät 4 geliefert wird. Soll beispielsweise wegen einer kürzeren Unterbrechung des Transportes des zu trocknenden Substrates die Leistung der Lampe 1 soweit reduziert werden, daß das Substrat keinen Schaden erleidet, auch wenn es für längere Zeit der Strahlung der Lampe 1 ausgesetzt ist, dann wird ein oberer Standby-Betriebspunkt angefahren, in dem die Leistung der Lampe 1 auf etwa 10% der Nennleistung reduziert ist. In dieser Betriebsart erhält die Lampe 1 ihre Energie im wesentlichen von dem elektronischen Vorschaltgerät 16, also im Ausführungsbeispiel mit einer Frequenz von 100 kHz. Dank dieser hohen Frequenz und der Leistungsregelung wird die Lampe 1 schonend betrieben, d.h., sie brennt stabil mit heißen Brennflecken auf ihren Elektroden. Wiederzündspitzen treten nicht auf. Die Ausgangsleistung des elektronischen Vorschaltgerätes 16 braucht nur auf diese reduzierte Leistung der Lampe ausgelegt zu sein.
Wenn wieder die volle Lampenleistung benötigt wird, wird wieder das konventionelle Vorschaltgerät 4 voll wirksam gemacht. Die Lampe wird dadurch in drei bis fünf Sekunden auf ihre volle Leistung gebracht.When the lamp 1 is operated at its nominal power, the electronic ballast is controlled so that essentially all of the energy is supplied by the conventional ballast 4. If, for example, because of a shorter interruption in the transport of the substrate to be dried, the power of the lamp 1 is to be reduced to such an extent that the substrate does not suffer any damage, even if it is exposed to the radiation from the lamp 1 for a long time, then an upper standby operating point is approached , in which the power of the lamp 1 is reduced to approximately 10% of the nominal power. In this operating mode, the lamp 1 receives its energy essentially from the electronic ballast 16, that is to say in the exemplary embodiment at a frequency of 100 kHz. Thanks to this high frequency and the power control, the lamp 1 is operated gently, ie it burns stably with hot focal spots on its electrodes. Re-ignition peaks do not occur. The output power of the electronic ballast 16 need only be designed for this reduced lamp power.
If the full lamp power is required again, the conventional ballast 4 is made fully effective again. This will bring the lamp to full power in three to five seconds.

Für vorzugsweise längere Unterbrechungen des Betriebes mit Nennleistung kann ein unterer Standby-Punkt angefahren werden, in dem die Lampe nur noch eine Leistung von wenigen Prozent der Nennleistung, im Ausführungsbeispiel 1,5% der Nennleistung, aufnimmt. In diesem Betriebspunkt wird die Lampe 1 ebenfalls schonend betrieben, weil der vom elektronischen Vorschaltgerät 16 gelieferte Strom so geregelt wird, daß heiße Brennflecken aufrechterhalten werden. Bei einem Betrieb der Lampe 1 im unteren Standby-Punkt ist sowohl die abgegebene Strahlungsleistung als auch der Energieverbrauch äußerst gering. Die Lebensdauer wird durch diese Betriebsweise nicht verkürzt. Im unteren Standby-Punkt wird die Lampe 1 nur vom elektronischen Vorschaltgerät 16 gespeist. Durch ein Zuschalten des konventionellen Vorschaltgerätes 4 kann in der auch beim Einschalten der Lampe erforderlichen Zeit die Nennleistung wieder erreicht werden.For preferably longer interruptions in operation with nominal power, a lower standby point can be reached, in which the lamp only consumes a power of a few percent of the nominal power, in the exemplary embodiment 1.5% of the nominal power. At this operating point the Lamp 1 is also operated gently, because the current supplied by the electronic ballast 16 is regulated so that hot focal spots are maintained. When the lamp 1 is operated in the lower standby point, both the emitted radiation power and the energy consumption are extremely low. This operating mode does not shorten the lifespan. In the lower standby point, the lamp 1 is only fed by the electronic ballast 16. By switching on the conventional ballast 4, the nominal power can be achieved again in the time required even when the lamp is switched on.

Um das Zünden der Lampe im kalten Zustand sicherzustellen und im warmen Zustand zu ermöglichen, braucht nur das elektronische Vorschaltgerät 16 allein oder zusammen mit dem konventionellen Vorschaltgerät 4 wirksam gemacht zu werden. Wenn dann die Lampe 1 stabil brennt, kann das elektronische Vorschaltgerät 16 wieder abgeschaltet werden.In order to ensure the ignition of the lamp in the cold state and to enable it in the warm state, only the electronic ballast 16 needs to be activated alone or together with the conventional ballast 4. If the lamp 1 then burns stably, the electronic ballast 16 can be switched off again.

Claims (18)

Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Hochdruckgasentladungslampe in unterschiedlichen Betriebsarten, von denen eine erste dem Betrieb mit Nennleistung und eine zweite dem Betrieb mit im Vergleich zur Nennleistung verminderter Leistung entspricht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei der ersten Betriebsart die Lampe in zumindest überwiegendem Maße mit der von einem konventionellen Vorschaltgerät gelieferten niederfrequenten Energie und bei der zweiten Betriebsart in zumindest überwiegender Weise mit einer von einem elektronischen Vorschaltgerät gelieferten, höherfrequenten Energie betrieben wird, wobei die der Lampe zugeführte elektrische Leistung geregelt und auf einem Wert von weniger als 25% der Nennleistung gehalten wird, und daß auch in jeder anderen als der ersten Betriebsart eine Betriebsweise beibehalten wird, die ein lampenschonendes stabiles Brennen der Lampe gewährleistet.Method for operating a high-pressure gas discharge lamp in different operating modes, a first of which corresponds to the operation with nominal power and a second to the operation with reduced power compared to the nominal power, characterized in that in the first operating mode the lamp is at least predominantly with that of a conventional one Ballast supplied low-frequency energy and in the second operating mode is operated at least predominantly with a higher-frequency energy supplied by an electronic ballast, the electrical power supplied to the lamp being regulated and kept at a value of less than 25% of the nominal power, and in that an operating mode is also maintained in any mode other than the first operating mode, which ensures a lamp-friendly, stable burning of the lamp. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in der zweiten Betriebsart die Lampenleistung auf einem Wert zwischen 10% und 20% der Nennleistung, vorzugsweise zwischen 10% und 15%, gehalten wird.Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that in the second operating mode the lamp power is kept at a value between 10% and 20% of the nominal power, preferably between 10% and 15%. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei einer dritten Betriebsart die Lampenleistung auf einen Minimalwert von wenigen Prozenten der Nennleistung gehalten wird.Method according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that in a third operating mode the lamp power is kept at a minimum value of a few percent of the nominal power. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in der dritten Betriebsart der Lampenstrom geregelt wird.Method according to Claim 3, characterized in that the lamp current is regulated in the third operating mode. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in der dritten Betriebsart der Lampenstrom auf einem Wert gehalten wird, der noch heiße Brennflecken auf den Lampenelektroden und ein Verschwinden von Wiederzündspitzen gewährleistet.Method according to Claim 4, characterized in that in the third operating mode the lamp current is kept at a value which is still hot focal spots on the lamp electrodes and the disappearance of re-ignition peaks guaranteed. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß, ausgehend von der als oberen Standby-Betrieb dienenden zweiten Betriebsart oder von der als unteren Standby-Betrieb dienenden dritten Betriebsart durch ein Zuschalten der vom konventionellen Vorschaltgerät gelieferten, niederfrequenten Energie die Lampe in einer kurzen Zeitspanne auf die Nennleistung mit voller Strahlenemission gebracht wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, starting from the second operating mode serving as the upper standby mode or from the third operating mode serving as the lower standby mode, by switching on the low-frequency energy supplied by the conventional ballast, the lamp in is brought to the nominal power with full radiation emission in a short period of time. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lampe vom oberen Standby-Betrieb aus in weniger als 10 Sekunden, vorzugsweise innerhalb von 3 bis 5 Sekunden, auf ihre Nennleistung gebracht wird.Method according to claim 6, characterized in that the lamp is brought to its nominal power from the upper standby mode in less than 10 seconds, preferably within 3 to 5 seconds. Schaltungsanordnung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens gemäß Anspruch 1 mit einer an ein konventionelles Vorschaltgerät angeschlossenen Hochdruckgasentladelampe, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lampe (1) auch an ein elektronisches Vorschaltgerät (16) angeschlossen oder anschließbar ist, dessen an die Lampe (1) gelieferte Energie eine höhere Frequenz hat als die vom konventionellen Vorschaltgerät (4) gelieferte Energie.Circuit arrangement for carrying out the method according to claim 1 with a high-pressure gas discharge lamp connected to a conventional ballast, characterized in that the lamp (1) can also be connected or connected to an electronic ballast (16) whose energy supplied to the lamp (1) is higher Frequency has the energy supplied by the conventional ballast (4). Schaltungsanordnung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden Vorschaltgeräte (4, 16) ausgangsseitig durch wenigstens ein Filter voneinander getrennt sind.Circuit arrangement according to Claim 8, characterized in that the two ballasts (4, 16) on the output side are separated from one another by at least one filter. Schaltungsanordnung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lampe (1) mit dem konventionellen Vorschaltgerät (4) über eine Trenndrossel (2) und mit dem elektronischen Vorschaltgerät (16) über einen Trennkondensator (6) verbunden ist.Circuit arrangement according to Claim 9, characterized in that the lamp (1) is connected to the conventional ballast (4) via an isolating choke (2) and to the electronic ballast (16) via a separating capacitor (6). Schaltungsanordnung nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Trenndrossel (2) einen Teil eines Tiefpasses bildet.Circuit arrangement according to Claim 10, characterized in that the isolating choke (2) forms part of a low-pass filter. Schaltungsanordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen den Trennkondensator (6) und die Lampe (1) ein Resonanzschwingkreis (7, 8) geschaltet ist.Circuit arrangement according to one of Claims 9 to 11, characterized in that a resonant circuit (7, 8) is connected between the isolating capacitor (6) and the lamp (1). Schaltungsanordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lampe (1) gleichzeitig an beiden Vorschaltgeräten (4, 16) betreibbar ist.Circuit arrangement according to one of Claims 8 to 12, characterized in that the lamp (1) can be operated simultaneously on both ballasts (4, 16). Schaltungsanordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 13, gekennzeichnet durch eine Umschalteinrichtung, mittels deren wahlweise die Lampe (1) von einem Betrieb am konventionellen Vorschaltgerät (4) auf einen Betrieb am elektronischen Vorschaltgerät (16) und umgekehrt umschaltbar ist, ohne daß die Entladung während des Umschaltvorgangs erlischt.Circuit arrangement according to one of Claims 8 to 13, characterized by a switching device by means of which the lamp (1) can be switched over from operation on the conventional ballast (4) to operation on the electronic ballast (16) and vice versa, without the discharge during of the switching process goes out. Schaltungsanordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 14, gekennzeichnet durch eine Einrichtung (13) des elektronischen Vorschaltgerätes (16) zur Steuerung der veränderbaren Frequenz und/oder Regelung des der Lampe (1) zugeführten Stromes oder der ihr zugeführten Leistung.Circuit arrangement according to one of claims 8 to 14, characterized by a device (13) of the electronic ballast (16) for controlling the variable frequency and / or regulating the current supplied to the lamp (1) or the power supplied to it. Schaltungsanordnung nach Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einrichtung (13) des elektronischen Vorschaltgerätes (16) an einen Geber (14) für den Istwert des vom elektronischen Vorschaltgerät (16) an die Lampe gelieferten Stromes und einen Geber (15) für die Ausgangsspannung des elektronischen Vorschaltgerätes (16) angeschlossen ist.Circuit arrangement according to Claim 15, characterized in that the device (13) of the electronic ballast (16) to a sensor (14) for the actual value of the current supplied by the electronic ballast (16) to the lamp and a sensor (15) for the output voltage of the electronic ballast (16) is connected. Schaltungsanordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das elektronische Vorschaltgerät (16) einen Umrichter (10, 11) aufweist.Circuit arrangement according to one of claims 8 to 16, characterized in that the electronic ballast (16) has a converter (10, 11). Schaltungsanordnung nach Anspruch 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dem Umrichter (10, 11) ein Transformator (9) nachgeschaltet ist.Circuit arrangement according to claim 17, characterized in that the converter (10, 11) is followed by a transformer (9).
EP96106498A 1995-05-04 1996-04-25 Method of operation of a high-pressure gas-discharge lamp and circuit Expired - Lifetime EP0741503B1 (en)

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DE19516052A DE19516052A1 (en) 1995-05-04 1995-05-04 Method for operating a high-pressure gas discharge lamp and circuit arrangement for carrying out the method
DE19516052 1995-05-04

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EP0741503B1 EP0741503B1 (en) 1998-06-10

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DE (2) DE19516052A1 (en)
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Also Published As

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DK0741503T3 (en) 1999-03-22
ES2117462T3 (en) 1998-08-01
EP0741503B1 (en) 1998-06-10
DE59600262D1 (en) 1998-07-16
DE19516052A1 (en) 1996-11-14
US5714845A (en) 1998-02-03

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