EP0740312A2 - Nichtlinearer Widerstand mit polyaminosäurer Membran - Google Patents

Nichtlinearer Widerstand mit polyaminosäurer Membran Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0740312A2
EP0740312A2 EP96301883A EP96301883A EP0740312A2 EP 0740312 A2 EP0740312 A2 EP 0740312A2 EP 96301883 A EP96301883 A EP 96301883A EP 96301883 A EP96301883 A EP 96301883A EP 0740312 A2 EP0740312 A2 EP 0740312A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
membrane
chambers
amino acid
hydrogel
nonlinear resistor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP96301883A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0740312A3 (de
Inventor
Norihiko Minoura
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology AIST
Original Assignee
Agency of Industrial Science and Technology
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Agency of Industrial Science and Technology filed Critical Agency of Industrial Science and Technology
Publication of EP0740312A2 publication Critical patent/EP0740312A2/de
Publication of EP0740312A3 publication Critical patent/EP0740312A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C1/00—Details
    • H01C1/02—Housing; Enclosing; Embedding; Filling the housing or enclosure
    • H01C1/024—Housing; Enclosing; Embedding; Filling the housing or enclosure the housing or enclosure being hermetically sealed
    • H01C1/026—Housing; Enclosing; Embedding; Filling the housing or enclosure the housing or enclosure being hermetically sealed with gaseous or vacuum spacing between the resistive element and the housing or casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C10/00—Adjustable resistors
    • H01C10/02—Liquid resistors
    • H01C10/025—Electrochemical variable resistors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
    • H01C7/10—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an improved nonlinear resistor using a poly(amino acid) membrane.
  • JP-A-Hei-1-278701 suggests a nonlinear resistor including a housing defining a space therewithin; a membrane disposed within the space to divide the space into first and second chambers and formed of a water-insoluble poly(amino acid) having ionic side chains; an aqueous salt solution contained in each of the first and second chambers for electrical contact with the membrane; and first and second electrodes disposed in the first and second chambers, respectively, for electrical contact with the corresponding aqueous salt solution. Because of the use of the aqueous salt solution, the known nonlinear resistor poses a problem in handling, storage and transportation. Further, air bubbles are apt to deposit on the electrode surfaces during use, causing changes of the resistor characteristics.
  • the present invention provides a nonlinear resistor, which includes:
  • hydrogel can solve the problem of the known linear resistor using an aqueous salt solution.
  • the resistor 10 includes a cylindrical housing 8 defining a space 11 therewithin and made of an electrical insulator such as a plastic. Disposed, perpendicularly to the axis of the cylindrical housing 8, in the space 11 is a circular membrane 3 for dividing the space 11 into first and second chambers 6 and 7, respectively.
  • the membrane 3 is formed of a water-insoluble poly(amino acid) having ionic side chains.
  • An electrolyte-containing hydrogel 9 is contained in each of the first and second chambers 6 and 7 for direct contact with the membrane 3.
  • first and second electrodes disposed in the first and second chambers 6 and 7, respectively, for electrical contact with the corresponding hydrogel 9.
  • the first and second electrodes 1 and 2 are coupled with first and second lead wires 1a and 2a, respectively, each extending out of the housing 8.
  • the reference numeral 4 designates an annular packing for sealing the interface between the membrane 3 and the housing 8.
  • the housing 8 is composed of a pair of flanged vessels 8a and 8b which are tightly connected together by means of a suitable joint such as cap nuts 5a and 5b which are threading engagement with each other.
  • Typical examples of the ionic side chains of the water-insoluble poly(amino acid) includes -COOH and -NH 2 .
  • the water-insoluble poly(amino acid) may be obtained from, for example, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, lysine or ornithine. Since a poly(amino acid) obtained only from these amino acid monomers is soluble in water, a hydrophobic group-containing amino acid such as leucine, alanine or methionine is used in conjunction with the ionic group-containing amino acid to form a water-insoluble random or block copolymer. Such a copolymer is molded into a membrane by any known method.
  • the membrane preferably has a thickness of 1-100 ⁇ m.
  • the electrolyte-containing hydrogel phase 9 contained in the chambers 6 and 7 may be obtained by dissolving the electrolyte in water.
  • a gelling agent is then added into the aqueous electrolyte solution to form the hydrogel.
  • the electrolyte may be an organic or inorganic acid salt such as an alkali metal chloride, an alkaline earth metal chloride or an alkali metal acetate.
  • the aqueous electrolyte solution preferably has an electrolyte content of 0.0001 to 4 moles per liter.
  • the gelling agent may be, for example, a polysaccharide having no dissociation groups, e.g. agarose, starch or cellulose; or a water-soluble synthetic polymer, e.g.
  • the gelling agent is generally used in an amount of 1-10 parts by weight, preferably 2-5 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of the aqueous electrolyte solution.
  • the electrodes 1 and 2 may be, for example, Ag covered with AgCl.
  • a water-insoluble poly(amino acid) film (thickness: 20 pm) formed of a block copolymer having a structure of (Glu) m -(Leu) P -(Glu) n (total Glu content: 36 mole %; m, p and n show the degree of polymerization) was prepared by first polymerizing L-leucine-N-carboxylic anhydride using 1,6-hexamethylene diamine as a polymerization initiator in a mixed solvent of benzene/dioxane (19/1 weight ratio) at room temperature.
  • ⁇ -benzyl glutamate N-carboxylic anhydride to form a benzyl glutamate-leucine-benzyl glutamate triblock copolymer.
  • the copolymer was dissolved in benzene and the solution was evenly applied onto a glass plate. The coating was then dried to leave a film of the triblock copolymer having a thickness of 0.02 mm.
  • the film was then treated with 5 N sodium hydroxide in a water-isopropanol-methanol solvent to hydrolyze the benzyl ester groups, thereby obtaining the Glu-Leu-Glu copolymer film 3.
  • the copolymer film was immersed in an aqueous KCl solution having a KCl concentration of 10 mmol/liter for 30 minutes. The both sides of the film 3 were then wiped with a filter paper.
  • Agarose (0.5 g) was dissolved in an aqueous KCl solution (20 ml) having a KCl concentration of 10 mmol/liter with heating at about 80°C. The warm solution was then poured in each of two poly(vinyl chloride) resin vessels 8a and 8b (Fig. 1) and cooled to room temperature to form a hydrogel 9. Each of the vessels 8a and 8b was provided with an Ag/AgCl electrode 1 or 2 coupled with a lead wire 1a or 2a and had an inside volume of 0.5 ml.
  • the hydrogel-containing vessels 8a and 8b were connected face to face with the copolymer film 3 being interposed therebetween, thereby obtaining a resistor 10.
  • Fig. 2 shows current/voltage characteristics of the thus obtained resistor with a sweep rate of 40 ⁇ A/second. As seen in Fig. 2, the resistance depends upon the electrical current and a hysteresis is observed.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
EP96301883A 1995-04-27 1996-03-20 Nichtlinearer Widerstand mit polyaminosäurer Membran Withdrawn EP0740312A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP7104161A JP2671948B2 (ja) 1995-04-27 1995-04-27 非線形抵抗素子
JP104161/95 1995-04-27

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0740312A2 true EP0740312A2 (de) 1996-10-30
EP0740312A3 EP0740312A3 (de) 1997-11-05

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96301883A Withdrawn EP0740312A3 (de) 1995-04-27 1996-03-20 Nichtlinearer Widerstand mit polyaminosäurer Membran

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0740312A3 (de)
JP (1) JP2671948B2 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2840390A1 (de) * 2013-08-19 2015-02-25 Mettler-Toledo AG Coulometrische Titrationszelle

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4627906A (en) * 1983-10-03 1986-12-09 The Regents Of The University Of California Electrochemical sensor having improved stability
WO1989001228A1 (en) * 1987-07-28 1989-02-09 Maxdem Incorporated Electrically settable resistance device
EP0340887A2 (de) * 1988-05-02 1989-11-08 JAPAN as Represented by DIRECTOR GENERAL OF AGENCY OF INDUSTRIAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Nichtlinearischer Resistor mit einer polymerischen Membran

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4627906A (en) * 1983-10-03 1986-12-09 The Regents Of The University Of California Electrochemical sensor having improved stability
WO1989001228A1 (en) * 1987-07-28 1989-02-09 Maxdem Incorporated Electrically settable resistance device
EP0340887A2 (de) * 1988-05-02 1989-11-08 JAPAN as Represented by DIRECTOR GENERAL OF AGENCY OF INDUSTRIAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Nichtlinearischer Resistor mit einer polymerischen Membran

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2840390A1 (de) * 2013-08-19 2015-02-25 Mettler-Toledo AG Coulometrische Titrationszelle
WO2015024787A1 (de) * 2013-08-19 2015-02-26 Mettler-Toledo Ag Coulometrische titrationszelle
CN105474009A (zh) * 2013-08-19 2016-04-06 梅特勒-托莱多有限公司 库仑滴定单元
US10352896B2 (en) 2013-08-19 2019-07-16 Mettler-Toledo Gmbh Coulometric titration cell

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH08306513A (ja) 1996-11-22
JP2671948B2 (ja) 1997-11-05
EP0740312A3 (de) 1997-11-05

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