EP0740033A1 - Arrangement for the application of a method of injection of bore-holes - Google Patents

Abstract

The solution is injected via a tube (2) closed at one end and with a union at the other. Nuts screw onto external threads on the tube, which has outlet ports between two areas whose diameter can be increased. A grease-nipple (1) forms the union on the tube. The expanding areas are formed by elastic sleeves (7,13) between the nuts (3,15), their diameters being altered by turning the nuts in relation to each other. They are held apart by an outlet sleeve (23) containing one or more ports (24). The outlet ports (10) in the tube are between the elastic sleeves and below the outlet one. The ports in the sleeve can be at intervals in the lengthwise and peripheral directions, being formed by drillings, elongated holes, slits, etc.

Description

The present invention relates to a device for carrying out a borehole injection method according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Masonry with missing or damaged horizontal sealing is often damaged by rising damp and salts in the base area. Obvious consequences of such design defects are darkening of the surface, detachments e.g. of plaster, paint or grout, and salt efflorescence.

This affects the aesthetics, economic use (reduction in thermal insulation properties, reduction in rental income) and, in individual cases, the stability of the building.

Chemical well injection methods, in particular pressure injection methods, play a leading role among the known methods based on mechanical, electrophysical or chemical principles for retrofitting a horizontal barrier against rising wall moisture.

These pressure injection methods are also used in other building renovation measures, e.g. Sealing and filling of cracks and missing parts, backfilling of tiles and boards, impregnation etc. applied.

In conventional methods, holes are first drilled into the masonry at intervals, then the conventional injection packers described below are placed, through which the injection solution is then pressed into the masonry under pressure. The solution for injection should penetrate the capillaries of the masonry and close them.

However, problems arise with conventional methods if the masonry to be repaired has large cavities, different porosities of mortar and brick, cracks, etc. The solution for injection then takes the path of least resistance and penetrates unhindered into the cavities etc. through the borehole, without influencing capillary-active zones. On the one hand, this leaves out the desired sealing effect, and on the other hand, considerable amounts of the usually expensive injection solution are consumed.

With the help of a consumption quantity control during the application, the waste of the injection solution can be stopped. However, this does not improve the sealing effect.

In the prior art, therefore, when the above occurs. Problems or when such cavities, cracks etc. are detected, another method can be used in the run-up to a repair measure, in which, in a first (additional) pressure injection step, more economical cement suspensions for filling the cavities are introduced. The actual injection solution is then introduced in a second pressure injection cycle.

However, due to the additional material costs due to the use of the cement suspension and the additional wage costs for the additional injection procedure, this method is also possible. the drilling of additional holes for the second injection process is expensive.

In addition, the whereabouts of the injection solutions cannot be determined with sufficient certainty even with this method.

The shortcomings described are essentially based on the structural design of the injection packers used in the prior art (cf. e.g. DE 31 17 286 A1 and DE-OS 15 34 902), of which a typical embodiment is described below with reference to FIG. 4.

The packer consists of a tube 2 with an external thread. The following components are successively screwed or plugged onto this tube 2: a nut 3, a washer 4, a spacer tube 5, a washer 6, a rubber sleeve 7, a washer 8 and a nut 15 '. On the outside, i.e. end of the tube 2 protruding from the wall, this has an internal thread into which a valve nipple 1 is screwed.

In operation, the rubber sleeve 7 of the packer inserted into the borehole is compressed by tightening the nut 3, as a result of which it spreads radially into the borehole. Subsequently, the injection solution is pressed through a tube coupling (not shown) onto the valve nipple 1 through the tube 2 into the borehole and fills it first off. Only then does the injection solution penetrate into the surrounding masonry area. However, if there is a major crack or cavity in the area of the borehole, the solution for injection will drain there. An attempt must then be made to either fill the cavity with cement suspension or to bypass it through a new hole, which is often not possible.

Another problem arises from using these packers. When pressing near the outside of the wall, the packer, which is under pressure from the inside of the borehole due to the injected solution, often breaks out together with the surrounding masonry. To solve this problem, there are so-called tile packers for the application of backfilling tiles, which have a screw at the end stuck in the borehole, which is screwed into a previously inserted dowel.

Ultimately, however, tensile stresses also occur in the masonry, namely only a few centimeters further inside the wall. These tensions can also lead to breakouts. A special packer is also required. Continuous and complete grouting of a deep borehole from the inside to the outside of the wall with only one packer is not possible with this arrangement.

It is also known from DE-PS 588 407 a method for injecting a detergent into damaged structures, rock or the like. This is to prevent the detergent flow from seeking the path of least resistance and flushing only larger cracks, gaps or cavities become. To solve this problem, it is proposed there to carry out the injection in an area delimited in the direction of the borehole.

However, the device described there for carrying out the method, in which the flushing agent emerges between two spaced-apart inflatable bellows, has considerable disadvantages. It is much too complicated to set up and operate, since it requires additional units such as a compressed air or hydraulic pump for its use, which must also be connected with hoses. These additional devices are then also time-consuming to clean. It is too susceptible to use in harsh everyday construction site situations. On page 2, line 105 it is described that the hoses must even be protected from sharp drill holes. The hemp net described on page 2, line 101 ff. Also easily sticks to the wall when it is inserted and exported into the borehole. The thin compressed air lines are susceptible to mechanical deformation and blockages. Furthermore, it is not easy to adapt to different depths of use.

Due to the above-mentioned disadvantages, the device has not become established on the market.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to eliminate the aforementioned disadvantages of the prior art and to provide a device for carrying out the described borehole injection method, which is simple in structure, can withstand the rough everyday work at the construction site and is easily adaptable to different operating conditions, which is easy and without additional units such as e.g. Compressed air pumps can be operated and with which injection solutions can be easily, safely, evenly, stress-free and inexpensively introduced into masonry.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a device which has the features of patent claim 1.

This is made of a generic device for carrying out a borehole injection method for sealing and filling cracks and the like in buildings, in which the injection takes place in a region delimited in the direction of the borehole, with a tube serving to inject the injection solution, which is closed at one end and at the end the other end is provided with a connector and which has an external thread with screwed nuts, and with two spaced-apart, enlarged-diameter areas between which the tube has one or more outlet openings, formed in that the tube has a valve nipple as a connector that on the tube, which is at least partially provided with the external thread, two nuts are screwed on, that elastic sleeves are arranged on the tube between the two nuts as areas which can be enlarged in diameter, the diameter of which by relati ve rotation of the nuts to each other is variable and which are spaced by an outlet sleeve arranged on the tube, provided with at least one opening, and that the outlet opening / openings of the tube is / are arranged between the two elastic sleeves under the outlet sleeve.

With such a simply constructed, inexpensive, easily adaptable and robust device, it is possible in a simple manner to seal the borehole in the direction of the borehole both outwards and at the same time as inwardly, so that there is a precisely defined injection area. Another advantage is that the pressure forces acting on the two rubber sleeves due to the injected injection solution cancel each other out, so that the masonry is not loaded in the direction of the borehole.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

It is particularly advantageous if the outlet sleeve has a plurality of openings which are regularly or irregularly distributed on the circumference and in the longitudinal direction thereof and are designed as bores, elongated holes, slots or the like.

A particularly simple and advantageous design in terms of production technology is present if the outlet sleeve is designed as a (commercially available) perforated tube.

In order to achieve a uniform distribution of the injection solution, the tube can have a circumferential groove in the area of the outlet opening / openings.

In terms of production technology, it is again particularly simple if the elastic sleeves consist of a pressure hose.

If the tube is provided with an external thread along its entire length, there is a further preferred embodiment. In this case, elastic sleeves, outlet sleeves and spacer tubes of different lengths can be combined with one another in a modular principle, without the position of the parts being restricted by the position of the external thread. This makes it easy to adapt to different conditions on the construction site.

In order to inject into places deeper in the masonry, it is preferred to arrange a spacer tube between the outer nut and the one elastic sleeve.

Fig. 1

zeigt eine Seitenansicht und eine Schnittansicht einer ersten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Injektionspackers mit Distanzstück und geschlitzter Austrittshülse;

Fig. 2

zeigt eine Seitenansicht und eine Schnittansicht einer zweiten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Injektionspackers mit Distanzstück und Lochröhrchen;

Fig. 3

zeigt in Seitenansicht den in ein Mauerwerk mit Rissen und Hohlräumen eingesetzten Injektionspacker aus Figur 1; und

Fig. 4

zeigt eine Seitenansicht eines handelsüblichen Injektionspackers.

Preferred embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to the drawing figures, which show the following:

Fig. 1

shows a side view and a sectional view of a first embodiment of the injection packer according to the invention with spacer and slotted outlet sleeve;

Fig. 2

shows a side view and a sectional view of a second embodiment of the injection packer according to the invention with spacer and perforated tube;

Fig. 3

shows in side view the injection packer used in a masonry with cracks and cavities from Figure 1; and

Fig. 4

shows a side view of a commercially available injection packer.

1 shows an embodiment of an injection packer 20, the same parts as in FIG. 4 being provided with the same reference numerals: the packer 20 consists of a tube 2 with an external thread. This tube 2 has at its outer end an internal thread into which a valve nipple 1 is screwed. The tube 2 is closed at its inner end by a screwed cap nut 15. The following components are successively screwed or plugged onto the tube 2 between the valve nipple 1 and the cap nut 15: a nut 3, a washer 4, a spacer tube 5, a washer 6, a rubber sleeve 7, a washer 8, an outlet sleeve 11, one Washer 12, a further rubber sleeve 13 and a washer 14.

The tube 2 also has an outlet opening 10 in the region of the outlet sleeve 11, i.e. below this, from which the injection solution introduced into the injection nipple 1 emerges. Several or even only one outlet opening 10 can be provided in the tube 2. In the latter case in particular, it makes sense if the tube 2 and / or the outlet sleeve 11 then has a circumferential groove in this area, through which the injection solution is distributed in the circumferential direction.

In the present example, the outlet sleeve 11 is provided with slots 9 through which the injection solution distributed under the outlet sleeve 11 can exit. These slots 9 can be made in the usual way, e.g. introduced into the outlet sleeve 11 by cutting, filing, milling etc. or together with this in a molding process such as e.g. Injection molding.

The spacer sleeve 5 can be dispensed with in those applications in which the injection solution has to be introduced into an area near the outer surface of the wall and it is therefore not necessary to insert the injection packer 20 far into the borehole. In general, the spacer sleeve 5 (and the tube 2) must be chosen so long that the nut 3 can still be tightened when the packer 20 is in the borehole. The spacer sleeve 5 is preferably cut to the required length from commercially available pipe material.

A further embodiment of an injection packer 22 is shown in FIG. 2, with the same parts bearing the same reference numbers. This injection packer 22 differs from that shown in FIG. 1 in that it has a perforated tube 23 with holes 24 instead of the slotted outlet sleeve 11.

The perforated tube 23 is therefore particularly suitable as an outlet sleeve, since it is a standardized prefabricated component that only has to be cut to the desired length on the construction site.

Pieces of commercially available pressure hoses are preferably used as rubber sleeves 7 and 13 in both embodiments, since they can easily be replaced by cutting off a hose supply when worn, etc. So that the diameter of the rubber sleeves 7 and 13 increases evenly when the nut 3 is tightened, they are of the same length and consist of the same material. In special applications, however, different rubber sleeves can also be used with regard to the length, the diameter, the wall thickness and / or the material.

In Figure 3, the application is shown based on the embodiment of Figure 1.

A borehole 17 is made in the masonry 16 to be renovated. The injection packer 20, which is composed of prefabricated components in accordance with the requirements, is then inserted into the borehole 17. When the nut 3 is tightened, the rubber sleeves 7 and 13 are pressed together and spread into the borehole 17, as a result of which the injection packer 20 is firmly clamped therein. The injection solution can then be pressed in through the valve nipple 1.

About e.g. a record of the pressure or the solution flow for injection can be found under certain circumstances that there is a cavity 18 or a crack 19 in the injection area in the masonry 16, in which the injection solution flows unused.

In this case, the injection solution is stopped, the injection packer 20 is released again and either further inserted into or withdrawn from the borehole 17 until the outlet slots 9 of the outlet sleeve 11 are in an area which does not communicate with the cavity 18 or the crack 19 . In this position, in Figure 3 between the cavity 18 and the crack 19, the injection packer 20 is clamped again and the injection route continues. The optimal injection zone can also be determined by other methods, e.g. Preliminary investigations with core drilling or similar and also in adaptation to known cavities such as between two-layer masonry.

A decisive advantage over the conventional injection packer is the defined delimitation of the injection zone. By arranging the two rubber sleeves 7 and 13 can penetrate into the surrounding porous masonry 16 in borehole 17 only in the area of the longitudinally slotted outlet sleeve 11. With the help of an injection packer built in a modular system (tubes of different lengths, spacer sleeves, rubber sleeves and outlet sleeves), an adjustment can be made on site. This means that the size and position of the injection zone can be adapted in a simple manner, for example to cavities, cracks or to existing double-layer masonry. Cavities are bridged in a targeted manner, saving valuable injection solution. At any point along the entire length of the borehole, targeted solutions can be introduced into the porous environment or, for example, cement suspensions into cavities.

Another considerable advantage is that only the forces caused by the diameter increase of the rubber sleeves 7 and 13 act on the masonry 16. A force acting on the outside due to the injection pressure in the longitudinal direction of the borehole 27, as in conventional packers, does not occur, since the pressure acts and affects both the rubber sleeve 7 (in the longitudinal direction outwards) and the rubber sleeve 13 (in the longitudinal direction inwards) mutually compensated. As a result, the injection packer 20 cannot break out of the masonry 16 so easily, particularly in the area near the masonry outside.

By limiting the amount of injection solution, the application process is simplified to such an extent that semi-skilled workers who generally carry out such construction work can successfully carry out this activity. A further simplification can be achieved by automatic quantity limitation on the injection pump.

If you also record the corresponding injection pressure over time, you can draw conclusions about any cavities, cracks, etc. With the help of this gradual injection, it is possible to obtain information about the structure of the entire masonry cross section.

The device according to the invention for carrying out the method, which has been explained above by way of example with reference to preferred embodiments, achieves the above object in a simple and particularly economical manner.

Claims (7)

1. A device for performing a downhole injection method for sealing and filling of cracks and the like. In structures in which the injection takes place in a contained in borehole directional range with a serving for pressing the injection tube, which sealed at one end and at the other end with is provided with a connection piece and which has an external thread with screwed-on nuts, and with two areas which can be enlarged at a distance from one another and between which the tube has one or more outlet openings,
characterized by - That the tube (2) has a valve nipple (1) as a connector, that two nuts (3, 15) are screwed onto the tube (2), which is at least partially provided with the external thread, - That between the two nuts (3, 15) as diameter-enlargeable areas elastic sleeves (7, 13) on the tube (2) are arranged, the diameter of which can be changed by relative rotation of the nuts (3, 15) to each other and by a the outlet sleeve (11; 23) arranged with the tube (2) and provided with at least one opening (9; 24), and - That the outlet opening / openings (10) of the tube (2) between the two elastic sleeves (7, 13) under the outlet sleeve (11; 23) is / are. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the outlet sleeve (11) has a plurality of openings (9) which are regularly or irregularly distributed on the circumference and in the longitudinal direction thereof and are designed as bores, elongated holes, slots or the like. 3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the outlet sleeve is designed as a perforated tube (23) with holes (24). 4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the tube (2) has a circumferential groove in the region of the outlet opening / openings (10). 5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the elastic sleeves (7, 13) consist of a pressure hose. 6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the tube (2) is provided over its entire length with an external thread. 1. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a spacer tube (5) is arranged between the outer nut (3) and the one elastic sleeve (7).

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