EP0739056A2 - Components with anti rotation securing system - Google Patents

Abstract

A component such as a coupling has a facility that allows it to be locked in position by turning a threaded locking ring (16) that is secured against external effects. Both the ring and the main body of the coupling have flanges (17a,b) that have a locking element (9) located in the gap between them. One element is in the form of a leaf-spring (9) that is loaded by tightening the locking ring and in doing so applies an axial force to secure the device. Alternative locking arrangements are possible, such as an axial coil spring and also coil spring loops located between the flanges.

Description

The invention relates to a component with rotatable sub-elements, in particular in aircraft construction, the detachable screwable connection of which can be locked with an anti-rotation device. It ensures the unintentional loosening of the screwed connection due to external influences.

It is known that a coupling is used as a connecting element for portable connecting or extension lines when performing electromechanical installations. Electrical cable routings are connected to other electrical systems by means of couplings or to device or device groups. A coupling usually has a screw mechanism that secures line connections or line connections coupled with suitable locking elements against unintentional loosening. Since, for reasons of supply reliability and mechanical and electrical safety, no system failure is desired for these couplings, because an interruption of the coupled or connected components means a complete system failure, the safety mechanism of a line protection system should endanger the operational safety of the overall system due to unintentional self-release of the components Exclude external mechanical influences. Couplings for the specified purpose are also included in the electrical protection measure, which also includes protection against lightning strikes on aircraft. In the case of power line transitions between the coupling elements of such components, the lowest electrical contact resistances are required in order not to endanger the reliability of the lightning protection measure. Properly used couplings usually have no or an insufficient locking mechanism against unintentional loosening of the locked elements. The known securing mechanisms disadvantageously only have a rough step securing of the screw connection of the component. A fine rotation lock of the screw connection in coordination with the specified tightening torques of the screw connections is not possible. This rotation lock leads to greater electrical contact resistance values at the transition points or to mechanical overloading of the screw connection, since the latter have unfavorable contact transitions due to the lack of fine adjustment of their rotation lock.

In aircraft construction, the known couplings with the criticized type of anti-rotation protection do not meet the requirements of lightning protection. The unfavorable setting of the tightening torque of the screw connection also leads to an unpredictable releasability of the safety mechanism of the electrical system in the event of sudden external mechanical influences, which are caused by vibrations, shocks, etc. occur unavoidably in the start or landing or travel mode of an aircraft. Such fuses are also very difficult to handle. The high standards of reliability in electrical or information technology supply and security in aircraft construction require solutions which rule out an unintended impairment of the electrical current flow in the case of coupled components of the line protection system. They only partially meet the requirements of lightning protection.

The solution of US 4,291,933 presents a screw connection with a union nut, which is a screw lock for electrical connectors. The locking mechanism is functionally designed with spring elements that are not visible in the area of two chambers of a union nut. They engage in a toothing that lies on a bushing below the union nut. The toothing consists of oblique tooth flanks, the steepness of which determines the required adjustment force. From a torque determined by the slope and the spring force, the union nut is adjusted both in the tightening and in the loosening direction. A guarantee against unwanted loosening of the safety mechanism cannot be recognized. A visual inspection does not provide any information as to whether the connector is in the secure state. Due to the rough setting, the union nut cannot be clamped tightly with the bush, as a result of which the local contact resistance component increases as a result of the unfavorable coupling mechanism.

From DE 40 41 629 a similar solution is known, in which a resilient locking element, which is connected to a union nut via a U-shaped locking lever, engages in the grid of a socket referred to as a connecting part. The area of the grid is covered with teeth that have tooth flanks. The tooth flanks are designed as rising flanks and locking flanks. Relative to the direction of the screw-on movement of the union nut, the run-up flanks have a small rise angle and the locking flanks have a steep rise angle, the locking flanks being arranged essentially perpendicular to the tangent lying against the grid. The locking lever fixed to the locking element has a wedge attachment set at right angles and called a taper, which engages radially in the area of the catch.

With this screw lock, the rotating connection parts cannot be locked with a defined tightening torque, so that there is no immediate positive locking of these round parts. Due to the spring properties of a structurally integrated locking lever in the locking mechanism of the arrangement, only a small mechanical (spring) pressure torque can be produced and transferred to the circumference of the knurling. Only the complex toothing that can be used to lock the round parts can be used, because the tensioning of the wedge attachment with the toothing, due to the lower (spring) pressure moment on the teeth, only guarantees a limited (certain) security of locking the union nut - not without residual risk . The disadvantages of the US publication described above apply predominantly equally. Both solutions have the additional disadvantage that the introduction of a toothed grid requires a complex machining surface treatment.

According to US 4,834,667, a screw connection between a support body and a union nut is disclosed, which are held in a rotationally movable manner with a snap ring. On the inside diameter of the union nut there is a toothing with a rough division into which a first free end of a (shaped) spring, which is designed with the shape of the toothing, engages to lock the two bodies. The second free end of the tongue is loosely fixed in a groove. With this toothing, which works in a locking manner (by means of the spring), no infinitely or continuously adjustable fine adjustment of the anti-rotation device can take place. There is nowhere to be found in the arrangement after the implementation of a stepless or stepless fine adjustment of the rotation lock is guaranteed. Simply by designing the free end of the spring, a step fine adjustment or continuous fine adjustment cannot be realized because the engagement surface between the adjacent teeth of the toothing, into which the first free end of the spring engages, is large in accordance with the shape.

EP 0 311 338 discloses a solution in which parts of an electrical connector form a mechanical connector locking device. The (combined) arrangement is made up of the main components: socket and pin plugs, one using the various functional sub-elements (ring-shaped corrugated strips with teeth; several ratcher pins arranged coaxially on the inside diameter of a union nut; ring with internal teeth; rings) one on the socket connector coaxially arranged union nut is secured against rotation.

By means of the invention, the loosening of the union nut on a coupled plug connection (socket and pin plug) is to be prevented. For this purpose, a strip, which is provided with corrugated teeth, is arranged on the circumference of the outer diameter of the pin connector. The union nut, which receives the mentioned ratcher pins, is secured at its right (free) end by means of a ring (referred to as an annular cover) and a retaining ring (arranged after this ring). With this combination, the union nut is secured against (twisting). According to this solution (also) no step fine adjustment or continuous fine adjustment of a union nut secured against rotation can be realized. With the Ratcher pins distributed around the inner circumference of the union nut, which are fixed (circumferentially) in circumferential areas (between the teeth of the strip) (roller principle), no fine adjustment of the union nut is achieved or a fine adjustment is excluded.

Accordingly, the invention has for its object to provide a generic component with a rotation lock of their screwed parts so that the setting of the predetermined torque of the mutually rotatable connector parts is ensured by a fine adjustment of the rotation lock, the screwed connector parts at the common point of contact a low electrical Achieve contact resistance. It is intended to improve the rotation locks of known arrangements and to considerably increase the safety of the line protection system, especially in the case of lightning protection systems. Likewise, it ensures that the screwable connection parts of the component are reliably protected against unintentional loosening during operation.

This object is achieved by the measures in claim 1. Expedient configurations of these measures are specified in the further claims.

Fig. 1

die Komponente, bestehend aus einem abgestuften Stützkörper und einer Überwurfmutter, die durch eine Drehsicherung mit einer Blattfeder zueinander gesperrt sind, wobei auf dem abgestuften Bereich des Stützkörpers eine ihm drehbeweglich gelagerte Buchse zum Anschluß eines Abschirmgeflechtes ruht;

Fig. 1a

die Komponente nach Fig. 1 ohne drehbewegliche Buchse;

Fig. 1b

einen Griff, der auf dem frei beweglichen Teil der Blattfeder nach Fig. 1 sitzt;

Fig.2

die Komponente nach Fig. 1 mit je einem am Stützkörper und an der Überwurfmutter außen angeformten Flansch, die sich stirnseitig gegenüberstehen und zwischen denen eine Blattfeder liegt;

Fig.2a

die Komponente nach Fig.2 mit einer zwischen den Flanschen liegenden Schenkelfeder, die ein Kontermoment zur Drehsicherung erzeugt;

Fig.2b

die Komponente nach Fig.2 mit einer zwischen den Flanschen liegenden Zugfeder, die ein Kontermoment zur Drehsicherung erzeugt;

Fig.3

die Komponente nach Fig.2 mit einer zwischen den Flanschen liegenden Federwellring, der gegen einen stirnseitig am Flansch des Stützkörpers anliegenden Ring drückt;

Fig.4

die Komponente, bestehend aus einem abgestuften Stützkörper und einer Überwurfmutter mit einem nach innen gezogenen Flansch, bei dem zwischen der Abstufung und dem Flansch ein Federwellring liegt, der gegen einen an der Abstufung anliegenden Ring drückt;

Fig.5

die Komponente nach Fig.4 mit einem abgestuften Stützkörper, wobei ein Federwellring mit einem gesprengten Ring radial gegen einen Stützkörper drückt;

Fig.6

die Komponente, bestehend aus einem Stützkörper mit aufgesetzten Flansch und einer Sechskantmutter, die sich nahe dem Flansch auf dem Stützkörper anziehen läßt, wobei eine L-förmige Blattfeder am Umfang der Sechskantmutter befestigt ist.

The invention is described in more detail in an exemplary embodiment with several embodiments using the drawings. Show it

Fig. 1

the component, consisting of a stepped support body and a union nut, which are locked to each other by a rotation lock with a leaf spring, with a rotatably mounted bushing for connecting a shielding braid resting on the stepped region of the support body;

Fig. 1a

the component of Figure 1 without a rotatable bushing.

Fig. 1b

a handle that sits on the freely movable part of the leaf spring of FIG. 1;

Fig. 2

the component of Figure 1, each with a molded on the support body and on the union nut flange, which face each other and between which a leaf spring is located.

Fig.2a

the component of Figure 2 with a leg spring lying between the flanges, which generates a counter torque to prevent rotation;

Fig.2b

the component of Figure 2 with a tension spring lying between the flanges, which generates a counter torque to prevent rotation;

Fig. 3

the component of Figure 2 with a spring corrugated ring lying between the flanges, which presses against a ring abutting the end face of the flange of the support body;

Fig. 4

the component, consisting of a stepped support body and a union nut with an inwardly drawn flange, in which there is a spring ring between the step and the flange, which presses against a ring abutting the step;

Fig. 5

the component of Figure 4 with a stepped support body, wherein a spring washer with an exploded ring presses radially against a support body;

Fig. 6

the component consisting of a support body with an attached flange and a hexagon nut which can be tightened near the flange on the support body, an L-shaped leaf spring being attached to the circumference of the hexagon nut.

The basic structure of component 8 is shown in FIG . It consists of a support body 2 and a screw-on part 16 designed as a union nut, both of which are arranged rotationally symmetrically along a central axis 6 of the component 8 and are mounted so as to be rotatable relative to one another. The two bodies 2, 16 have the shape of an open hollow cylindrical body, which are captively coupled to one another with a retaining element 4 designed as a snap ring. They are made of metal and electrically connected via the snap ring 4. The wall of the support body 2 basically has a stepped shape, the union nut 16 being supported on the outer jacket of the wall of the support body 2 with the larger outside diameter (non-stepped area of the support body 2). The snap ring 4 lies vertically in a recessed groove which results from two congruent grooves in the axially closed areas of the two body walls (the support body 2 and the union nut 16). The union nut 16 is also used to hold a screwable electrical or mechanical subcomponent 7, for example an end housing, branch or a plug connector. The partial component 7 can be screwed to an internal thread 23 which is located on the inner surface of the wall of the union nut 16. The internal thread 23 lies between the free end of the fixed union nut 16 and extends into the vicinity of the end face of the non-stepped area of the support body 2. This section-limited part of the wall of the (generally designated) screw-on part 16 is defined as the coupling area.
It is additionally mentioned that a rotatable bushing 1, the function of which is not described in more detail, is mounted on the outer jacket of the wall of the support body 2 with the smaller outside diameter (stepped region of the support body 2). It is also fixed in the manner described above by a snap ring 4 on the support body 2 in the aforementioned area.

The socket 1 consists of two zones, an axially closed zone 1.1 and an axially slotted zone 1.2, the slitting being formed by electrical contact springs. At the free end of the axially closed zone 1.1 there is a projection element 5, which is composed of an attached flange with a protective edge 15 horizontally attached at the flange edge. A receiving zone 3, which radially results from both, is provided for receiving a (not shown) conductive protective tube.

Fig. 1 also shows a chafe protection 10, which lines the inner jacket of the wall of the support body 2 as a whole. It is designed as a plastic coating and protects (not shown) insulated electrical lines which are guided axially through the support body 2 up to (not shown) contact elements of the subcomponent 7 and are connected to the latter.

The wall of the union nut 16 has a recess 11, which is circumferentially excluded. It extends outside the mentioned dome area on the lateral surface of the union nut 16. A certain part of the outer jacket of the wall of the support body 2 is provided in the area (below) the recess 11 with a non-slip surface, which is preferably formed as knurling 12 with axially parallel grooves. In the vicinity of the delimited area of the recess 11, a locking element 9 is fixed stationarily on the union nut 16, which is transverse to the central axis 6 of the component 8 and is attached to the union nut 16 as a pawl with a resilient tongue shape. The pawl, for which the use of a leaf spring is suitable, which is guided through said recess 11, engages with the preloaded freely movable and preloaded spring legs in the knurling 12 or presses there. The union nut 16 and the support body 2 thus lock each other against rotation and are then locked against each other. The movable part of the pawl can consist of two tongue-shaped spring legs which engage the knurling 12. The knurling 12 is produced - in comparison to the toothing - without chip removal and has a very narrow division. This achieves cost-effective production and fine adjustment of the specified tightening torque of the screwed parts is achieved. It is therefore achieved around a static division-dependent rotation lock 13 (step lock), in which a locking element 9 designed as a leaf spring and fixed in position by means of the said leaf spring with its freely movable part into a grippy surface with grooves (grooves) arranged in parallel in the form of the knurling 12 takes hold.

The working range of the rotational lock 13 obtained relates to the locking element 9 and the non-slip surface, which is designed as knurling 12 with axially parallel grooves and which has a narrow groove division and sufficient groove depth in order to reliably secure the rotating parts. The unlocked parts can be unlocked, for example, with a pointed tool or with a screwdriver, which frees the pawl (leaf spring) from the catch by lifting it in the recess 11 mentioned in the union nut 16.

1a shows the component 8 without showing the rotatably mounted bushing 1 on the support body 2. From this it can be seen that the rectangular (cover) surface of the leaf spring 9, which spans transverse to the central axis 6 of the component 8, a - According to Fig. 1b - handle element 14 designed as a handle is placed. The handle 14 is intended to facilitate the lifting of the spring leg (s) of the leaf spring 9 from the knurling 12 of the support body 2, the freely movable part of the leaf spring 9 being designed, for example, with two spring legs. The handle 14, which sits within the visible range of the spring legs mentioned, manually unlocks the movable part of the spring leg (s) of the leaf spring 9 from the knurling 12.

A modified solution compared to FIG. 1 can be found in the solution according to FIG . According to FIG. 2, a flange 17a, 17b is molded onto the support body 2 and onto the union nut 16. One flange 17a sits on the non-stepped region of the support body 2 - immediately before the beginning of the stepping. The socket 1 is rotatably supported on the support body 2 in the manner previously described. The other flange 17b is molded onto the free end of the union nut 16, which is located in the vicinity of the flange 17a of the support body 2 and lies outside the mentioned dome area. Both flanges 17a, 17b thus face each other, a leaf spring 9 being located between their end faces. This spring is fixed to the flange 17a of the support body 2 and engages with its freely movable part in a radially arranged knurling 12.1, which is located on the end face of the flange 17b of the union nut 16. The freely movable part of the leaf spring 9 is pressed axially into the knurling 12.1, whereby it locks the two rotatable bodies 2, 16.
This type of rotation lock 13 achieved is a lock in which the locking by means of leaf spring 9 in the knurling 12.1 also takes place statically. The union nut 16 can be unlocked from the support body 2 by lifting the spring leg of the leaf spring 9 from the knurling 12.1 of the flange 17b of the union nut 16.

2 conveys a somewhat different design of component 8. This modified arrangement consists - in contrast to FIG. 1 - of a support body 2 and a screw-on part 16 as a union nut, to each of which a flange 17a, 17b is molded on the outside. Both flanges 17a, 17b face each other, the flange end face of the union nut 16 having a knurling 12.1. Between the flanges 17a, 17b is the locking element 9, which is designed as a leaf spring and is fixed with a spring leg to the flange 17a of the support body 2 and engages with its preloaded freely movable spring leg in the knurling 12.1 of the end face of the flange 17b. Lifting the spring leg out of the knurling 12.1 unlocks the two rotatably mounted parts of this component 8 from one another.

Component 8 in FIG. 2a also has the molded flange attachments on the two rotatable parts. In contrast to the solution according to FIG. 2, this modified type is a dynamic rotation lock 13, the flanges 17a, 17b of which are designed without knurling. Between the two flanges 17a, 17b is the circumferential support body 2, the locking element 9, which is designed as a leg spring 9b. This leg spring 9b represents a combined compression spring with two spring legs. One leg of the leg spring 9b with a molded-on axially parallel nose 24 is captively fixed in a hole 25 which is located in the flange 17f of the union nut 16. The other spring leg is fixed in one of the slots 19a radially machined on the flange 17e of the support body 2 with a notch 26 (not shown) which lies immediately below the slot 19a. This spring presses axially against the flange 17e of the support body 2 and the flange 17f of the screw-on part 16 and thus holds the nose 24 in the hole 25. This is a gradual or fine adjustment of the dynamic rotation lock 13 of the screwed parts. Dynamic anti-rotation means that the leg spring 9b exerts a tightening predetermined counter torque during operation. It is particularly advantageous here that the drop in the preload force is kept as small as possible within the screwed parts during operation. In addition, the internal starting torque generated during relative movements is blocked or prevented. Thus the screwed parts are secured against loosening. The screwing of the component 8 is canceled by lifting the handle 14 by hand from the catch 26 and the slot 19a, as a result of which the counter torque is released and the union nut 16 can be loosened.

Component 8 of FIG. 2a has a property similar to FIG. 2a because it likewise generates a dynamic counter torque. In contrast to the previous solution, there is a tension spring 9c between the two knurlless flanges 17c, 17d, which is located circumferentially around the support body 2. This tension spring 9c, which is a locking element 9, is attached to the flange 17c, 17d of the rotatable parts of the component 8 with a hook or an eyelet 18, 18a, the one side being captively fixed by an eyelet 18a on the flange 17d . The tension spring 9c is guided between the flanges 17c and 17d and is in radial contact with the support body 2 due to the tensile force by fastening the hook 18 in the slot 19b with the catch 26 of the flange 17a.

This creates a counter torque on the union nut 16 and again ensures a continuously fine adjustment of the dynamic rotation lock. The anti-rotation protection of the screwed parts of component 8 is done by removing the hook 18 from the slot 19b by hand, whereby the counter torque is released and the union nut 16 can be loosened.

3 shows a further modified embodiment of the rotational lock 13 achieved with a locking element 9 designed as a spring-loaded ring. A prestressed spring shaft ring 9a axially presses a movable ring 21 between the flanges 17a and 17b of the support body 2 and the union nut 16. The axial space between the two flanges 17a, 17b is open to the outside. The spring corrugated ring 9a presses against the axially movable ring 21, which abuts the flange 17a of the support body 2 on the end face. The ring 21 has on its side facing the flange 17a of the support body 2 a radially arranged knurling 12.2, whereas the flange 17a also has a radial knurling 12.3 on the end face. At least one claw 22 is attached to the circular end face of the flange 17b of the union nut 16. The claw 22 protrudes into the slot 19 of the ring 21 so that the ring 21 is taken along with the union nut 16 when rotating.

Since the knurls 12.2, 12.3 of the ring 21 and the flange 17a snap against each other, a connection of the screwed parts of the component 8 is secured against rotation. The screwed parts are secured against rotation (by means of increased frictional forces) in that the knurling 12.2, 12.3 of ring 21 and flange 17a generates an increased loosening torque (loosening torque) and does not allow the screwing part 16 to be released independently during operation.

The Figure 4 gives a component 8, which was modified from the Fig.3. It consists of a support body 2 stepped by means of flange 17aa and a union nut 16, to which an inwardly drawn flange 17bb is additionally attached. Between the flange 17aa, which is provided with knurling 12.4 on the gradation of the support body 2, and the knurlless flange 17bb, there is a prestressed spring corrugated ring 9aa, which presses against a ring 21b, which abuts the gradation. The locking element 9 is formed as a spring-loaded ring from the spring corrugated ring 9aa and the ring 21b. The ring 21b has on its side facing the flange 17aa of the supporting body 2 a knurling 12.5 which is opposite to the knurling 12.4 of the flange 17aa. At least one claw 22a is molded onto it. At least one slot 19a is axially recessed into the flange 17bb of the screw-on part 16 designed as a union nut for receiving the claw 22a. Since the knurls 12.4, 12.5 of the ring 21b and the flange 17aa snap against each other, a connection of the screwed parts of the component 8 is secured against rotation. The screwed parts are secured against rotation (by means of increased frictional forces) in that the knurling 12.4, 12.5 of ring 21b and flange 17aa generates an increased loosening torque (loosening torque) and does not allow the screwing part 16 to be released independently during operation.

5 shows a modification of component 8 according to FIG. 4, which consists of a stepped support body 2 and a screw-on part 16 as a union nut with an inwardly drawn flange 17b. Between the gradation of the support body 2, the end face of which represents the flange 17a, and the flange 17b are a radial finite spring corrugated ring 27 and an exploded ring 21a. The locking element 9 is formed as a spring-loaded ring from the spring corrugated ring 27 and the ring 21a.

The ring 21a has a knurling 12.7 parallel to the central axis 6 on the surface of the inner diameter. The latter is pressed radially by means of the spring corrugated ring 27 against a knurling 12.6 arranged on the support body 2, as a result of which a rotation lock is achieved by means of the knurls 12.6, 12.7. A blasted preloaded ring 21a without a spring corrugated ring 27 also fulfills this task.

6 shows a further possibility of locking screwed parts with a further modified component 8 by means of a rotation lock. It consists of a support body 2 with an attached flange 17g and a screw-on part 16, which is designed as a hexagon nut 16a. The locking element 9 has the shape of an L-shaped leaf spring, which is fixed with a leg on the circumference of the hexagon nut 16a. The hexagon nut 16a is in its screwed-in state on the screw-on part 2 near the flange 17g. The angled (other) leg of this prestressed L-shaped leaf spring, which is not fixed on the circumference of the hexagon nut 16a, engages radially freely in the knurling 12.8 applied circumferentially of the support body 2 parallel to the central axis 6, which fixed outside the flange 17g near the flange 17g Hexagon nut 16a lies on the outer surface of the support body 2. The hexagon nut 16a and the screw-on part 2 are both secured to each other against rotation by means of the L-shaped leaf spring.

As an example, it is added that the embodiments according to FIGS. 1, 1a, 1b, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 represent a fine-tuning of the anti-rotation device 13 and according to FIGS. 2a, 2b a continuous fine-tuning of the anti-rotation device 13.

Reference numerals

1

Socket, rotatable; Hollow body; cylindrical, open

1.1

Zone; axially closed

1.2

Zone; axially slotted

2nd

Support body; Hollow body, cylindrical

3rd

Reception zone

4th

Holding element; Snap ring

5

Projection element

6

Center axis of the component

7

Body; Connectors, branches, end housings

8th

component

9

Locking element

9a, 9aa, 27

Spring corrugated ring

9b

Leg spring

9c

Tension spring

10th

Abrasion protection; Plastic coating

11

Recess

12, 12.1, 12.2

non-slip surface; Knurling

12.2, 12.3, 12.4

non-slip surface; Knurling

12.5, 12.6, 12.7

non-slip surface; Knurling

12.8

non-slip surface; Knurling

13

Anti-rotation lock

14

Handle element; Grab handle

15

Protective edge

16

Screw-on part; Union nut, rotatable

16a

Hexagon nut

17a, 17aa, 17c, 17e

Flange of the support body

17b, 17bb, 17d, 17f, 17g

Flange of the screw-on part

18, 18a

Hook; eyelet

19, 19a, 19b, 19c

slot

21, 21a, 21b

ring

22, 22a, 22b

claw

23

Internal thread of the screw-on part

24, 24a

nose

25th

hole

26

Rested

Claims (10)

Component with a rotation lock for a releasable mechanical connection, in particular in aircraft construction, the two sub-elements of the component (8), which are defined by a support body (2) and a screw-on part (16), which are axially and mutually rotatable about a central axis (6) of the Component stored and are captively coupled to one another by means of a snap ring (4), mechanically secures them against rotation by means of the anti-rotation device (13) achieved, the support body (2) being designed as a cylindrical hollow body and the screw-on part (16) as a union nut in which the locking element (9) assigned to the anti-rotation device (13), which is designed as a spring or as a spring-loaded ring, is fixed in a stationary manner on the screw-on part (16) or on the support body (2),
characterized, - That the locking element (9) with a predetermined tightening torque of the screw-on part (16) implements a stepped fine adjustment or stepless fine adjustment of the rotation lock (13) of the two sub-elements, the stepped fine adjustment by a non-slip surface, which is at least on one of the two sub-elements and in which the Locking element (9) engages, or its infinitely fine adjustment is achieved by a counter torque with a pre-tensioned locking element (9) between the two sub-elements, - That the non-slip surface is designed as knurling (12, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3, 12.4, 12.5, 12.6, 12.7), which is applied parallel or perpendicular to the central axis (6) of the component and whose knurling division and depth to accommodate the Locking element (9) between the grooves of the knurling (12, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3, 12.4, 12.5, 12.6, 12.7) is suitable, into which the locking element (9) engages with its preloaded, freely movable part. Component according to Claim 1, characterized in that the supporting body (2) or the screw-on part (16) has a non-slip surface designed as a knurling (9) around the circumference, said surface locking the locking element (9) with its preloaded freely movable part against rotation of the two partial elements secures, where it reaches into the non-slip surface. Component according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking element (9) has the shape of a pawl, which is designed as a leaf spring and is fixed to the screw-on part (16), and that the screw-on part (16) has a recess (11) through the leaf spring, which extends transversely to the central axis (6) of the component, is guided, the leaf spring having at least one preloaded, freely movable part which is designed as a spring limb and is guided through the recess (11) in the screw-on part (16) in a knurling (12) applied parallel to the central axis (6) of the component engages on the support body (2), and that within the visible range of the prestressed freely movable part of the leaf spring the latter, a grip element (14), preferably a handle, is firmly attached , with which the preloaded movable part of the leaf spring can be unlocked. Component according to Claim 1, characterized in that the locking element (9) has the shape of an L-shaped leaf spring which is designed and fastened in a stationary manner on the screw-on part (16) as a hexagon nut (16a), the preloaded freely movable part of which being parallel to the Knurling (12.8) arranged on the support body (2) reaches to the central axis (6) of the component. Component according to Claim 1, characterized in that a flange (17a, 17b, 17aa, 17bb) is placed on each of the two partial elements on the circumference of its outer surface, the one surface of which faces the opposite end faces of the flanges (17a, 17b, 17aa, 17bb ) is assigned, with the knurling (12.1, 12.2, 12.3, 12.4, 12.5) is provided, and that a circumferential of the support body (2) arranged locking element (9), which is preferably designed as a leaf spring or spring-loaded ring, between the two flanges (17a, 17b, 17aa, 17bb) is arranged, the locking element (9) designed as a leaf spring being fixed stationary on the flange (17a), the prestressed, freely movable part of which presses into a radial knurling (12.1) arranged on the flange (17b). Component according to Claim 1, characterized in that at least one claw (22) is attached to the circular end face of a knurlless flange (17b) of the screw-on part (16), which is in a slot (19) of the ring (21) with knurling (12.2 ) is received, which is axially movable through a pre-tensioned spring corrugated ring (9a) between the end faces of the flanges (17a, 17b) and has a knurling (12.3) on its side facing the knurled flange (17a) of the support body (2) so that the knurls (12.2, 12.3) of the ring (21) and the flange (17b) touch each other, consequently the claw (22), which protrudes into the slot (19), is taken along. Component according to Claim 1, characterized in that at least one slot (19c) is provided on the circular end face of a knurlless flange (17bb) of the screw-on part (16), said slot (19c) having a claw (22a) of the ring (21b) with knurling (12.5) receives which is axially movable through a prestressed spring corrugated ring (9aa) with the ring (21b) between the end faces of the flanges (17aa, 17bb) and on its side facing the knurled flange (17aa) of the support body (2) has a knurling (12.4) has so that the knurls (12.4, 12.5) of the ring (21b) and the flange (17aa) touch each other, consequently the claw (22a), which protrudes into the slot (19c), is carried along. Component according to claim 1, characterized in that a locking element (9), preferably a tension spring (9c), is arranged between the two knurl-free flanges (17c, 17d) on the circumferential surface of the support body (2), preferably with a tension spring (9c) End captively on the flange (17d) of the screw-on part (16) and with its other hook-shaped free end (18) on one of the radially arranged on the flange (17c) of the support body (2) slots (19b) is fixed, the latter with a bore on The base of the catch (26) for the hook-shaped free end (18) is provided. Component according to Claim 1, characterized in that a locking element (9), preferably a leg spring (9b), is arranged between the two knurlless flanges (17e, 17f) on the circumferential surface of the support body (2), one leg (24 ) cannot be lost by axial pressure in a hole (25) of the flange (17f) of the screw-on part (16) and with its other leg, which is designed as a handle (14) at the end, in one of the flange (17e) of the support body (2 ) radially arranged slots (19a) is fixed, the latter being provided with a hole in the base as a catch (26) for the handle (14). Component according to Claim 1, characterized in that the support body (2) is stepped and the screw-on part (16) is fitted with an inwardly drawn flange (17b), a radially finite spring ring (27) and. Between the step and the flange (17b) an exploded ring (21a), which has knurling (12.7) on the surface of the inner diameter parallel to the central axis (6), presses radially with the spring corrugated ring (27) against a knurling (12.6) arranged on the support body (2) can, as a result of which a rotation lock is achieved by means of the knurls (12.6, 12.7), or a radial prestressed ring (21a) without an additional spring washer ring (27) lies between the step and the flange (17b).

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