EP0731977B1 - Electromagnetic switchgear - Google Patents

Electromagnetic switchgear Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0731977B1
EP0731977B1 EP95900642A EP95900642A EP0731977B1 EP 0731977 B1 EP0731977 B1 EP 0731977B1 EP 95900642 A EP95900642 A EP 95900642A EP 95900642 A EP95900642 A EP 95900642A EP 0731977 B1 EP0731977 B1 EP 0731977B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contour
locking means
arcing chamber
locking
contact bridge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95900642A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0731977A1 (en
Inventor
Bardo Koppmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0731977A1 publication Critical patent/EP0731977A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0731977B1 publication Critical patent/EP0731977B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/345—Mounting of arc chutes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electromagnetic switching device, in particular a contactor, with an arcing chamber which can be removed from a lower part and a contact bridge support which projects into the region of the arcing chamber and carries the movable contact parts, and with a locking means which automatically locks the contact bridge support when the arcing chamber is removed.
  • an electromagnetic switching device in which the contact bridge support remains securely locked to the housing even in the event of shocks and impacts when the arcing chamber is removed, and in which the bolt is always securely secured without intermediate positions by the fastening element of the arcing chamber can be solved.
  • the latch which is housed in the housing, locks the contact carrier under the action of a spring.
  • the bolt can be held against the spring force in the unlocked position by means of the fastening element of the operationally installed extinguishing chamber.
  • the spring causes the bolt to securely lock the contact carrier in the housing when the fastener is removed, even in the event of shocks and impacts. Intermediate positions are practically excluded.
  • the bolt is rotatably mounted in the housing and can reach behind and hold part of the contact bridge support in the locked position.
  • European Patent Specification 0 547 928 discloses protection in which an electromagnet which manually opens and closes the switch contacts can be actuated by means of a push button. By actuating the push button, a flap is carried, whereby a housing opening is opened or closed. Intermediate links with different directions of movement slide against each other. Locking takes place here via two corner elements with an oblique edge contour. Furthermore, a rotatable bolt with a torsion spring is disclosed as a locking means.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an electromagnetic switching device of the type mentioned above, which ensures a secure locking of the contact bridge support with the arc chamber removed with a simple structure.
  • the object is achieved in that the locking means on a projection facing the arc chamber has a first contour for surface engagement in a second contour present on the arc chamber and in that the first contour and the second contour, when the arc chamber is connected to the lower part, slide flat against one another, as a result of which the locking means is brought into a position that unlocks the contact bridge carrier.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the invention is achieved when the locking means is designed as a slide with an oblique first contour.
  • the locking means is designed as a rotatable bolt which is held in the locking position by a torsion spring and which is provided with an oblique contact surface as a second contour, via which the bolt engages with a contour of the arc chamber which is adapted to it the contact bridge carrier unlocking position is rotatable.
  • the switching device shown in FIG 1 has a lower part 5, in which the non-switching magnetic part with the coil and the switching magnetic part (not shown) with the contact bridge support 6, which protrudes into the area of the arc chamber 2, are housed.
  • the arc chamber 2 is removed here.
  • Slide 1 lying in the housing wall 11 of the lower part 5 are brought here into a position locking the contact carrier 6 by a compression spring 12.
  • the bars 1 are provided with projections 9 on their upper side. These are triangular in section according to FIG. 1, ie they have an oblique edge contour.
  • the arc chamber 2 is provided with recesses 10 opposite the projections 9 with a slight offset, said recesses having an inner contour 4 adapted to the oblique edge contour 3.
  • the two contours 3, 4 slide when the arc chamber 2 is placed on the lower part 5 in the manner of a link guide, the slides 1 being displaced outward against the spring force of the compression spring 12 and thus releasing the contact bridge support 6, as shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the projections 9 are immersed here in the recesses 10 of the arc chamber 2.
  • a rotatable bolt 1 is used instead of the longitudinally displaceable bolt 1.
  • This is, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, held in the housing wall 11 and has an inclined contact surface 8.
  • the latch 1 is held in accordance with FIG 4 by a torsion spring 7 in the locking position of the contact bridge support 6.
  • the arc chamber 2 has a recess 10 for receiving the bolt 1 when it is placed on the lower part 5.
  • the rotatable bolt 1 is immersed in the recess 10 and an inner contour 4 of the recess 10 adapted to the contact surface 8 slides while rotating the bolt 1 on its contact surface 8 along so that, against the spring force of the torsion spring 7, the bolt 1 is brought into a position that unlocks the contact bridge carrier 6.

Landscapes

  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Casings For Electric Apparatus (AREA)
  • Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)

Abstract

An electromagnetic switchgear has an explosion chamber (2) that may be removed from its bottom part (5) and a bridge support (6) that projects into the area of the explosion chamber (2) and bears movable contact parts. In order to safely lock by simple means the contact support (6) when the explosion chamber (2) has been removed, locking means (1) and the explosion chamber (2) are specially designed with means (3, 4) that make the locking means (1) slide in a link into a position where the contact support (6) is unlocked when the explosion chamber (2) is connected to the bottom part (5) of the switchgear.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein elektromagnetisches Schaltgerät, insbesondere Schütz, mit von einem Unterteil abnehmbarer Lichtbogenkammer und einem in den Bereich der Lichtbogenkammer ragenden, die beweglichen Kontaktteile tragenden Kontaktbrückenträger und mit einem Sperrmittel, das den Kontaktbrückenträger bei abgenommener Lichtbogenkammer selbsttätig verriegelt.The invention relates to an electromagnetic switching device, in particular a contactor, with an arcing chamber which can be removed from a lower part and a contact bridge support which projects into the region of the arcing chamber and carries the movable contact parts, and with a locking means which automatically locks the contact bridge support when the arcing chamber is removed.

Bei einem derartigen in DE 34 02 836 veröffentlichten elektromagnetischen Schaltgerät sind in Abhängigkeit von der Lichtbogenkammerverbindung mit dem Unterteil wirksam werdende Sperrmittel für die Bewegung des Kontaktbrückenträgers vorgesehen. Hierdurch wird zumindest das Einschalten des Schaltgerätes bei entfernter Lichtbogenkammer vermieden. Die Sperrmittel bestehen zum Beispiel in einer federbelasteteten Klinke, die durch die Kontur der Lichtbogenkammer zurückgedrückt wird. Eine weitere Möglichkeit besteht in der Verwendung eines quer zur Bewegungsrichtung des Kontaktbrückenträgers verschiebbaren Riegels im Unterteil, der abhängig vom Verbindungsorgan zwischen der Lichtbogenkammer und dem Unterteil in die Verriegelungsstellung verschiebbar ist. Die Betätigung des Riegels erfolgt z.B. dadurch, daß das Verbindungsorgan eine Befestigungsschraube ist, deren konische Spitze in eine Steueröffnung des in Sperrichtung federbelasteten Riegels eingreift.In such an electromagnetic switching device published in DE 34 02 836, depending on the arc chamber connection to the lower part, effective blocking means are provided for the movement of the contact bridge carrier. This at least prevents the switching device from being switched on when the arc chamber is removed. The locking means consist, for example, of a spring-loaded pawl which is pushed back by the contour of the arc chamber. Another possibility is to use a bolt in the lower part which can be moved transversely to the direction of movement of the contact bridge support and which can be moved into the locking position depending on the connecting element between the arc chamber and the lower part. The latch is operated e.g. characterized in that the connecting member is a fastening screw, the conical tip of which engages in a control opening of the bolt which is spring-loaded in the locking direction.

Aus der EP 0 515 731 ist ein elektromagnetisches Schaltgerät bekannt, bei welchem der Kontaktbrückenträger bei entfernter Löschkammer mit dem Gehäuse selbst bei Erschütterungen und Stößen sicher verriegelt bleibt und bei welchem der Riegel durch das Befestigungselement der Löschkammer immer mit Sicherheit, ohne zwischenstellungen vollständig gelöst werden kann. Hier verriegelt der im Gehäuse geführt untergebrachte Riegel den Kontaktträger unter der Wirkung einer Feder. Der Riegel ist mittels des eingesetzten Befestigungselementes der betriebsmäßig aufgesetzten Löschkammer gegen die Federkraft in der entriegelten Stellung haltbar. Die Feder bewirkt, daß der Riegel bei entferntem Befestigungselement den Kontaktträger im Gehäuse auch bei Erschütterungen und Stößen sicher verriegelt. Zwischenstellungen sind praktisch ausgeschlossen. Der Riegel ist hier im Gehäuse drehbar gelagert und kann in der verriegelten Stellung einen Teil des Kontaktbrückenträgers hintergreifen und festhalten.From EP 0 515 731 an electromagnetic switching device is known, in which the contact bridge support remains securely locked to the housing even in the event of shocks and impacts when the arcing chamber is removed, and in which the bolt is always securely secured without intermediate positions by the fastening element of the arcing chamber can be solved. Here, the latch, which is housed in the housing, locks the contact carrier under the action of a spring. The bolt can be held against the spring force in the unlocked position by means of the fastening element of the operationally installed extinguishing chamber. The spring causes the bolt to securely lock the contact carrier in the housing when the fastener is removed, even in the event of shocks and impacts. Intermediate positions are practically excluded. The bolt is rotatably mounted in the housing and can reach behind and hold part of the contact bridge support in the locked position.

Die Europäische Patentschrift 0 547 928 offenbart ein Schutz, bei dem über einen Druckknopf manuell ein die Schaltkontakte öffnender und schließender Elektromagnet betätigbar ist. Durch Betätigung des Druckknopfes wird eine Klappe mitgeführt, wodurch eine Gehäuseöffnung freigegeben oder verschlossen wird. Dabei gleiten Zwischenglieder mit unterschiedlichen Bewegungsrichtungen aneinander. Über zwei Eckelemente mit einer schrägen Randkontur erfolgt hier eine Verriegelung. Weiterhin ist als Sperrmittel ein drehbarer Riegel mit Drehfeder offenbart.European Patent Specification 0 547 928 discloses protection in which an electromagnet which manually opens and closes the switch contacts can be actuated by means of a push button. By actuating the push button, a flap is carried, whereby a housing opening is opened or closed. Intermediate links with different directions of movement slide against each other. Locking takes place here via two corner elements with an oblique edge contour. Furthermore, a rotatable bolt with a torsion spring is disclosed as a locking means.

Aus der Druckschrift US 3,728,506 ist ein elektromagnetisches Schaltgerät bekannt, bei dem ein Sperrmittel als Schieber ausgeführt ist, wobei die Lichtbogenkammer des Schaltgeräts eine an diesen Schieber angepaßte Kontur aufweist.From the document US Pat. No. 3,728,506, an electromagnetic switching device is known in which a blocking means is designed as a slide, the arc chamber of the switching device having a contour adapted to this slide.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein elektromagnetisches Schaltgerät der oben genannten Art zu schaffen, das bei einfachem Aufbau eine sichere Verriegelung des Kontaktbrückenträgers bei abgenommener Lichtbogenkammer gewährleistet. Die Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß das Sperrmittel an einem der Lichtbogenkammer zugewandten Vorsprung eine erste Kontur zum flächigen Eingriff in eine an der Lichtbogenkammer vorhandene zweite Kontur aufweist und daß die erste Kontur und die zweite Kontur bei Verbindung der Lichtbogenkammer mit dem Unterteil flächig aneinandergleiten, wodurch das Sperrmittel in eine den Kontaktbrückenträger entriegelnde Position gebracht wird. Eine vorteilhafte Ausbildung der Erfindung wird erreicht, wenn das Sperrmittel als Schieber mit einer schrägen ersten Kontur ausgeführt ist. Weiterhin ist es vorteilhaft, wenn das Sperrmittel als drehbarer Riegel ausgeführt ist, der durch eine Drehfeder in der Verriegelungsposition gehalten wird und der mit einer schrägen Anlagefläche als zweiter Kontur versehen ist, über die der Riegel unter Eingriff mit einer daran angepaßten Kontur der Lichtbogenkammer in eine den Kontaktbrückenträger entriegelnde Position drehbar ist.The invention has for its object to provide an electromagnetic switching device of the type mentioned above, which ensures a secure locking of the contact bridge support with the arc chamber removed with a simple structure. The object is achieved in that the locking means on a projection facing the arc chamber has a first contour for surface engagement in a second contour present on the arc chamber and in that the first contour and the second contour, when the arc chamber is connected to the lower part, slide flat against one another, as a result of which the locking means is brought into a position that unlocks the contact bridge carrier. An advantageous embodiment of the invention is achieved when the locking means is designed as a slide with an oblique first contour. Furthermore, it is advantageous if the locking means is designed as a rotatable bolt which is held in the locking position by a torsion spring and which is provided with an oblique contact surface as a second contour, via which the bolt engages with a contour of the arc chamber which is adapted to it the contact bridge carrier unlocking position is rotatable.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand einer grob schematischen Darstellung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

FIG 1
ein Unterteil eines Schaltgerätes mit einem den Kontaktträger verriegelnden Schieber,
FIG 2
ein Schaltgerät mit entriegeltem Kontaktbrückenträger
FIG 3
die Verriegelung des Kontaktbrückenträgers mittels eines drehbar gelagerten Riegels und
FIG 4
eine Draufsicht auf den drehbar gelagerten Riegel gemäß FIG 3
An exemplary embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of a roughly schematic illustration. Show it:
FIG. 1
a lower part of a switching device with a slide locking the contact carrier,
FIG 2
a switching device with unlocked contact bridge support
FIG 3
the locking of the contact bridge support by means of a rotatably mounted bolt and
FIG 4
a plan view of the rotatably mounted bolt according to FIG. 3

Das in der FIG 1 dargestellte Schaltgerät weist ein Unterteil 5 auf, in dem der nicht schaltende Magnetteil mit der Spule sowie der schaltende Magnetteil (nicht dargestellt) mit dem Kontaktbrückenträger 6, der in den Bereich der Lichtbogenkammer 2 hineinragt, untergebracht sind. Die Lichtbogenkammer 2 ist hier abgenommen. In der Gehäusewandung 11 des Unterteils 5 liegende Schieber 1 sind hier durch eine Druckfeder 12 in eine den Kontaktträger 6 verriegelnde Position gebracht. Die Riegel 1 sind an ihrer Oberseite mit Vorsprüngen 9 versehen. Diese sind im Schnitt nach FIG 1 dreieckförmig ausgebildet, d.h. sie haben eine schräge Randkontur. Den Vorsprüngen 9 leicht versetzt gegenüberliegend ist die Lichtbogenkammer 2 mit Ausnehmungen 10 versehen, die eine an die schräge Randkontur 3 angepaßte Innenkontur 4 aufweisen. Die beiden Konturen 3,4 gleiten beim Aufsetzen der Lichtbogenkammer 2 auf das Unterteil 5 nach Art einer Kulissenführung aneinander, wobei die Schieber 1 entgegen der Federkraft der Druckfeder 12 nach außen verschoben werden und somit den Kontaktbrückenträger 6 freigeben, wie es in FIG 2 dargestellt ist. Die Vorsprünge 9 sind hier in den Ausnehmungen 10 der Lichtbogenkammer 2 eingetaucht.The switching device shown in FIG 1 has a lower part 5, in which the non-switching magnetic part with the coil and the switching magnetic part (not shown) with the contact bridge support 6, which protrudes into the area of the arc chamber 2, are housed. The arc chamber 2 is removed here. Slide 1 lying in the housing wall 11 of the lower part 5 are brought here into a position locking the contact carrier 6 by a compression spring 12. The bars 1 are provided with projections 9 on their upper side. These are triangular in section according to FIG. 1, ie they have an oblique edge contour. The arc chamber 2 is provided with recesses 10 opposite the projections 9 with a slight offset, said recesses having an inner contour 4 adapted to the oblique edge contour 3. The two contours 3, 4 slide when the arc chamber 2 is placed on the lower part 5 in the manner of a link guide, the slides 1 being displaced outward against the spring force of the compression spring 12 and thus releasing the contact bridge support 6, as shown in FIG. 2 . The projections 9 are immersed here in the recesses 10 of the arc chamber 2.

In einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung gemäß den FIG 3, 4 wird anstelle des längs verschieblichen Riegels 1 ein drehbarer Riegel 1 verwendet. Dieser ist z.B., wie FIG 3 zeigt, in der Gehäusewandung 11 gehaltert und weist eine schräge Anlagefläche 8 auf. Der Riegel 1 ist gemäß FIG 4 durch eine Drehfeder 7 in der den Kontaktbrückenträger 6 verriegelnden Position gehalten. Die Lichtbogenkammer 2 hat eine Ausnehmung 10 zur Aufnahme des Riegels 1 beim Aufsetzen auf das Unterteil 5. Hierbei taucht der drehbare Riegel 1 in die Ausnehmung 10 ein und eine der Anlagefläche 8 angepaßte Innenkontur 4 der Ausnehmung 10 gleitet unter Drehung des Riegels 1 an dessen Anlagenfläche 8 entlang, so daß entgegen der Federkraft der Drehfeder 7 der Riegel 1 in eine den Kontaktbrückenträger 6 entriegelnde Position gebracht wird.In a further exemplary embodiment of the invention according to FIGS. 3, 4, a rotatable bolt 1 is used instead of the longitudinally displaceable bolt 1. This is, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, held in the housing wall 11 and has an inclined contact surface 8. The latch 1 is held in accordance with FIG 4 by a torsion spring 7 in the locking position of the contact bridge support 6. The arc chamber 2 has a recess 10 for receiving the bolt 1 when it is placed on the lower part 5. Here, the rotatable bolt 1 is immersed in the recess 10 and an inner contour 4 of the recess 10 adapted to the contact surface 8 slides while rotating the bolt 1 on its contact surface 8 along so that, against the spring force of the torsion spring 7, the bolt 1 is brought into a position that unlocks the contact bridge carrier 6.

Claims (3)

  1. Electromagnetic switchgear, in particular a contactor, having an arcing chamber (2) that can be removed from a lower part (5) and a contact bridge support (6) that projects into the area of the arcing chamber (2) and bears the movable contact parts and having a locking means (1) that automatically locks the contact bridge support (6) when the arcing chamber (2) is removed, characterised in that, on a projection (9) facing towards the arcing chamber (2), the locking means (1) has a first contour (3, 8) for areal engagement with a second contour (4) present on the arcing chamber (2), and in that the first contour (3, 8) and the second contour (4) slide on one another in an areal manner when the arcing chamber (2) is connected to the lower part (5), the locking means (1) being brought in this way into a position that unlocks the contact bridge support (6).
  2. Electromagnetic switchgear according to claim 1, characterised in that the locking means are designed as a slide bar (1) having a slanted first contour (3).
  3. Electromagnetic switchgear according to claim 1, characterised in that the locking means is designed as a rotatable locking bar (1) which is held by a torsion spring (7) in the locking position and which is provided with a slanted contact surface (8) as a second contour.
EP95900642A 1993-12-03 1994-11-18 Electromagnetic switchgear Expired - Lifetime EP0731977B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4341330 1993-12-03
DE4341330A DE4341330C1 (en) 1993-12-03 1993-12-03 Electromagnetic switching device
PCT/DE1994/001362 WO1995015574A1 (en) 1993-12-03 1994-11-18 Electromagnetic switchgear

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0731977A1 EP0731977A1 (en) 1996-09-18
EP0731977B1 true EP0731977B1 (en) 1997-06-04

Family

ID=6504161

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95900642A Expired - Lifetime EP0731977B1 (en) 1993-12-03 1994-11-18 Electromagnetic switchgear

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5825269A (en)
EP (1) EP0731977B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH09505933A (en)
CN (1) CN1044754C (en)
DE (2) DE4341330C1 (en)
WO (1) WO1995015574A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2751783B1 (en) * 1996-07-24 1998-08-28 Schneider Electric Sa ELECTROMAGNETIC SWITCHING APPARATUS
SE513442C2 (en) * 1999-01-28 2000-09-11 Asea Brown Boveri Contactor
CN1107963C (en) * 1999-05-27 2003-05-07 孙凤广 Mechanical self-latching type ac contact means
DE10013319C1 (en) * 2000-03-17 2001-10-11 Siemens Ag Electromagnetic switching device, in particular a contactor, with a contact bridge support lock
DE102004053613B4 (en) * 2004-11-02 2006-09-28 Siemens Ag Switchgear with an unlocking arc limitation
EP1892739A1 (en) * 2006-08-25 2008-02-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft An electromagnetic drive unit and an electromechanical switching device
ATE549733T1 (en) * 2007-02-23 2012-03-15 Siemens Ag ELECTROMAGNETIC SWITCHING DEVICE
CN102426991B (en) * 2011-09-20 2014-12-10 上海诺雅克电气有限公司 Contactor with contact locking mechanism
US8933359B2 (en) 2011-12-29 2015-01-13 Progress Rail Services Corp Locomotive positive power bus contactor method of assembly
CN107336063B (en) * 2017-01-24 2019-02-12 江山市美轩门业有限公司 A kind of plate cutting switching device
GB2582307A (en) * 2019-03-18 2020-09-23 Eaton Intelligent Power Ltd Switching device for fast disconnection of short-circuit currents
CN117976446B (en) * 2024-03-29 2024-06-11 山西阳光三极科技股份有限公司 Explosion-proof shell uncap power-off protection device

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US3728506A (en) * 1971-10-21 1973-04-17 Mercor Corp Contactor with a removable arc chute
US3992599A (en) * 1974-05-16 1976-11-16 Allis-Chalmers Corporation Interlock for arc chute of circuit maker and breaker
DE3402836A1 (en) * 1984-01-27 1985-08-01 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Electromagnetic switching apparatus
CN1025702C (en) * 1990-07-14 1994-08-17 肖新凯 Small universal electromagnet operated at wide voltage range
FR2673486B1 (en) * 1991-02-28 1996-03-01 Telemecanique CURRENT SWITCHING APPARATUS.
CH682113A5 (en) * 1991-05-29 1993-07-15 Sprecher & Schuh Ag
FR2685124B1 (en) * 1991-12-17 1994-03-18 Telemecanique PROTECTIVE SWITCHING APPARATUS SUCH AS A CIRCUIT-BREAKER.
FR2685976A1 (en) * 1992-01-07 1993-07-09 Telemecanique MECHANISM FOR CURRENT SWITCHING APPARATUS.
US5300905A (en) * 1992-10-19 1994-04-05 Ford Motor Company Electrical power disconnect switch with both manual and electrical trip operation
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US5652420A (en) * 1995-11-14 1997-07-29 Eaton Corporation Modular contactor control system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1044754C (en) 1999-08-18
WO1995015574A1 (en) 1995-06-08
DE4341330C1 (en) 1995-04-20
JPH09505933A (en) 1997-06-10
DE59403056D1 (en) 1997-07-10
EP0731977A1 (en) 1996-09-18
US5825269A (en) 1998-10-20
CN1136361A (en) 1996-11-20

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