EP0727975A1 - Kapazitätskontrollvorrichtung mit superabsorbierendem material und absorptionskern - Google Patents

Kapazitätskontrollvorrichtung mit superabsorbierendem material und absorptionskern

Info

Publication number
EP0727975A1
EP0727975A1 EP94901403A EP94901403A EP0727975A1 EP 0727975 A1 EP0727975 A1 EP 0727975A1 EP 94901403 A EP94901403 A EP 94901403A EP 94901403 A EP94901403 A EP 94901403A EP 0727975 A1 EP0727975 A1 EP 0727975A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
indicator
diaper
absorbent
backing sheet
capacity
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP94901403A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0727975A4 (de
Inventor
Winalee G. Mitchell
Andrew J. Szypka
Michael Plotka
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US08/096,552 external-priority patent/US5354289A/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0727975A1 publication Critical patent/EP0727975A1/de
Publication of EP0727975A4 publication Critical patent/EP0727975A4/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/42Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators with wetness indicator or alarm
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/42Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators with wetness indicator or alarm
    • A61F2013/426Moisture sensitive polymers

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the field of absorbent products including super absorbent polymers, especially for use by persons with urinary incontinence. More specifically, the invention relates to such products including a sensor or monitor which provides an indication when the absorption capacity of the super absorbent polymer has been exceeded.
  • wetness indicating devices which have been proposed for use in diapers and other absorbent products for use by persons with urinary incontinence.
  • a wetness indicator is represented by a class of hot melt adhesive products which include a wetness indicating component.
  • US Patent Nos. 4,743,238. 5.035.691. 5,066,711 and 5,089,548 disclose various hot melt adhesives with wetness indicators, many of which would be suitable for use in a capacity monitor according to the present invention. These hot melt products arc in wide use in disposable diapers today.
  • US Patent No. 3,731,685 discloses a moisture indicating strip which is designed for use with diapers and other absorbent products. One end of the strip is attached to the inside of the diaper or the like and the other end, which is impregnated with a color change chemical, extends out of the diaper. Liquid is transported by capillary action from inside the diaper or the like to the color change chemical outside the diaper.
  • 3.759,261 discloses diapers having a layer with a pattern printed thereon and one or more layers which mask the pattern when dry. When wetted, the masking layers no longer mask the pattern which becomes visible through a backing sheet, thereby providing a wetness indicating function.
  • US Patent No. 3,952,746 discloses a humidity indicator strip incorporated in a diaper including a water impervious backing sheet. A portion of the strip extends through an opening formed in the backing sheet.
  • US Patent No. 4,022,211 discloses a diaper including a wetness indicator comprising a layer of water soluble or water dispersiblc coloring agent applied to the water impervious backing sheet. When dry, the coloring agent is clearly visible through the backing sheet but, when wetted, the coloring agent is dispersed and is no longer visible through the backing sheet.
  • US Patent No. 4,231,370 discloses a wetness indicator in a diaper structure.
  • the wetness indicator is positioned between a water impervious backing sheet and an absorbent core and comprises a flexible pH-change/color-changc coating which is preferably applied to the backing sheet and visible therethrough.
  • the preferred coating material comprises first and second latexes, an acid buffer and bromo-phenol blue.
  • US Patent No. 4,287,153 discloses a diaper including a saline water indicating material positioned between a backing sheet and an absorbent core, and visible through the backing sheet.
  • the preferred indicating material comprises a water-insoluble polymeric ion exchanger and a water-insoluble polymeric exchanged ion indicator in intimate contact with each other.
  • US Patent No. 4,507,121 discloses a diaper including a wetness indicator comprising a color change chemical which is isolated from the absorbent portions of the diaper so as to prevent contact between a wearer of the diaper and the color change chemical. Means are provided for supporting one way capillary action to transport liquid from the absorbent portions to the indicator to trigger the color change.
  • US Patent No. 4,704,108 discloses a wetness indicator comprising two metal strips incorporated in a diaper and circuitry for detecting changes in the electrical conductivity in absorbent portions of the diaper due to the presence of moisture therein.
  • US Patent No. 4,705,513 discloses a wetness indicator for diapers.
  • the indicator comprises indicia printed in waterproof ink on a paper carrier strip.
  • the paper strip is positioned adjacent to a water impervious backing sheet and the indicia is masked by the >
  • the carrier strip no longer masks the indicia and it becomes visible through the backing sheet to indicate wetness.
  • US Patent No. 4,738,674 discloses an absorbent product including a moisture indicator which provides an indication of wetness at a point remote from where liquid is actually deposited on the product.
  • the indicator includes a wicking strip for transporting liquid from a point where it is deposited to an edge of the product where it contacts a moisture indicating substance which can provide a visual indication, such as a color change, that it has been wetted.
  • US Patent No. 4,834,733 discloses a diaper including an actuating member which shrinks when wetted and it is connected to an indicating mechanism so that, when moisture contacts the actuating member, it shrinks and displaces the indicating mechanism providing an indication that fluid has been deposited in the diaper.
  • US Patent No. 5,078,708 discloses a diaper comprising a transparent or translucent, water impervious backing sheet and an absorbent core. Opening are provided in the core so that urine or stools deposited in the diaper arc visible through the backing sheet to indicate the need for a change.
  • Super absorbent materials have been incorporated in commercially available diapers and the like, for many years.
  • US Patent No. 5,072,687 the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference, discloses several varieties of absorbent diaper products including super absorbent materials.
  • Known super absorbents absorb large amounts of liquid and liquid absorbed in super absorbents can not be squeezed back out of the super absorbents. This is to be contrasted with fluff which is composed of cellulose or the like fibers.
  • Fluff can absorb many times its weight in liquid but liquid absorbed in fluff can be squeezed back out of the fluff.
  • squeeze out of urine from fluff can cause leakage and prolonged skin contact with urine soaked fluff can cause damage to healthy skin and inhibit healing of damaged skin.
  • Each super absorbent polymer has a "speed" which is used herein to mean the rate at which the super absorbent will absorb liquid.
  • the speed of a super absorbent depends upon many factors including its composition, the quantity of liquid it has already absorbed and the amount of liquid available to be absorbed.
  • each super absorbent also has a "free swell capacity" which is used herein to mean the maximum amount of liquid which unrestrained super absorbent particles will ultimately absorb when exposed to an excessive amount of a liquid, i.e., one which far exceeds the capacity of the super absorbent relative to that liquid.
  • a given super absorbent with a given capacity for a given liquid will have a different, somewhat lower capacity for that liquid when the super absorbent is contained in, for example, an absorbent core of a diaper.
  • the term "in-situ capacity" will be used hereinafter to refer to the volume of a given liquid which is absorbed by super absorbent associated with an absorbent core containing at least one other, different absorbent material, such as fluff, within thirty minutes after the liquid is deposited slowly in a single spot in the absorbent core.
  • the in-situ capacity of super absorbent in such an absorbent core does not include the capacity of the fluff or other absorbent material in the core; the term refers only to the capacity of the super absorbent to absorb a given liquid, under the recited conditions, within thirty minutes of the time the liquid is deposited.
  • super absorbents Some super absorbents arc fast and some are slow. In granular form, commercially available super absorbents take approximately one to three minutes to absorb their free swell capacity of water, when unrestrained and exposed to large amounts of water. When super absorbents are incorporated in absorbent cores with other absorbent materials, such as fluff, they absorb liquid more slowly than this, largely because they are in contact with less liquid. All super absorbents have a given speed when dry, and, as they absorb liquid, the speed and remaining capacity of the super absorbent decreases.
  • FIG. 1 is a plot of data collected from tests made of a commercial version of several medium sized SlimLine® diapers manufactured by Principle Business Enterprises, Inc. In the test, many different quantities of a 0.9% NaCl solution were deposited on SlimLine medium size diapers. For each quantity of solution, the diapers were tested for skin wetness at different intervals of time after the solution was deposited. In the skin wetness test, a medium size SlimLine diaper was placed, with its water impervious backing sheet facing downwardly, on a level surface.
  • the weight of the dry toweling was subtracted from the weight of the wet paper toweling to give a skin wetness number corresponding with the weight of 0.9% NaCl solution which was released by the diaper into the paper toweling.
  • the time which elapsed before the skin wetness number was 0.0 grams for a given quantity of liquid was plotted for several different quantities of liquid and the results arc shown in Fig. 1.
  • the medium sized SlimLine diapers which were tested had 12 grams of Aridall 1465 super absorbent material, available from Chemdal, in the fluff layer. At relatively low volume levels, the speed of the super absorbent in the SlimLine diapers is relatively fast, as reflected by the steep slope of the plot on the left side of Fig. 1.
  • the slope of the plot is not as steep and this reflects the well known phenomenon associated with super absorbents used in absorbent products, namely, the speed of a super absorbent material decreases as it absorbs liquid. As the capacity of the super absorbent is used up, the speed decreases and the slope of a plot like that shown in Fig. 1 approaches zero. It will be appreciated that the in-situ capacity of the super absorbent in a medium SlimLine diaper for synthetic urine is approximately 400 to 450 milliliters. The plot in Fig.
  • liquid is immediately absorbed into the fluff component and, over time, the liquid is withdrawn from the fluff and absorbed by the super absorbent polymer. So long as the in-situ capacity of the super absorbent is not exceeded by the quantity of liquid, the fluff layer will, within thirty minutes, dry out in the sense that it will preferentially give up absorbed liquid for absorption by the super absorbent polymer in the diaper.
  • the instant invention is based upon the discovery of a capacity monitor which is operable to provide a visible signal when the in-situ capacity of super absorbent material in a given absorbent core has been, or is close to being, exceeded by liquid absorbed in the absorbent core.
  • the monitor comprises an indicator, such as a hot melt adhesive with a wetness indicator between the absorbent core and the backing sheet.
  • the monitor further comprises a substantially water impervious baffle positioned between the absorbent core and the hot melt adhesive, to prevent substantial contact between the indicator and liquid contained in the absorbent core, except when the quantity of such liquid exceeds a predetermined threshold volume of liquid.
  • the monitor may further comprise a strip of non-woven material, or the like, positioned between the indicator and the backing sheet to prevent sticking therebetween.
  • the threshold volume is at least 20% of the in-situ capacity of the super absorbent. More preferably, the threshold is at least 30% of the in-situ capacity while 40% is more preferred still. In some cases, the threshold may approach or even exceed the in-situ capacity of the super absorbent in the absorbent core, if the other absorbent material therein is adequate to take up the slack.
  • W hen a strip of non-woven material, or the like, is provided between the indicator and the backing sheet, it facilitates the transfer of liquid from the core to the indicator so that a change in the indicator occurs reliably when the threshold amount is exceeded, thereby overcoming any tendency of the indicator to stick to the backing sheet and prevent a change in the indicator.
  • the monitor may further comprise printed indicia which provides a visually discernible signal which, together with the degree or extent or length indicator which changes color or the like, provides an indication of the remaining in-situ capacity, if any, of the super absorbent material in the absorbent core.
  • FIG. 1 is plot of elapsed time before a prior art diaper including super absorbent material achieves a zero skin wetness number, versus quantity of liquid deposited in the diaper.
  • FIG. 2 plan view, partially broken away, of a diaper incorporating a capacity monitor according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross sectional view, taken along the lines 3 - 3 of Fig. 2, showing some details of the capacity monitor according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 plan view, partially broken away, of a preferred embodiment of a diaper incorporating a capacity monitor according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross sectional view, taken along the lines 5 - 5 of Fig. 4, showing some details of a preferred capacity monitor according to the present invention.
  • a disposable diaper is indicated generally at 10.
  • the diaper 10 comprises a water impervious backing sheet 12, a non- woven facing sheet 14 which would contact a wearer's skin when the diaper 10 is in use and an absorbent core 16.
  • the absorbent core has at least two absorbent components, which are illustrated in and discussed below in connection with Fig. 3.
  • the core 16 has an absorbent fluff component and a super absorbent component.
  • the super absorbent may be incorporated into the absorbent core in any suitable manner including those disclosed in said US Patent No. 5,072,687.
  • the patent discloses the deposition of particulatc super absorbent into a fluff layer or batt.
  • diaper 10 Also disclosed is a construction wherein super absorbent is contained in a laminate, i.e., one or more sheets of tissue with super absorbent adhered to and supported thereon, and the laminate is incorporated in an absorbent core.
  • a combination of these constructions is also disclosed where loose super absorbent particles and laminate containing super absorbent are combined with an absorbent cellulose fluff batt.
  • FIG. 2 A portion of the water impervious backing sheet 12 has been cut away in Fig. 2 to illustrate a capacity monitor, according to the present invention, indicated generally at 20.
  • the monitor 20 comprises a baffle 22 which extends along the longitudinal centerline of the diaper 10 and an indicator 24 which undergoes a visually perceptible change when wetted.
  • the indicator 24 is positioned between the backing sheet 12 and the absorbent core 16.
  • the baffle 22, in turn, is positioned between the absorbent core 16 and the indicator 24.
  • the baffle 22 is operable to prevent contact between liquid held in the absorbent core 16 and the indicator 24.
  • the monitor 20 is constructed, however, so that when there is quantity of liquid in the absorbent core which approaches or exceeds the in-situ capacity of the super absorbent in the absorbent core, the some of the liquid will contact the indicator 24 effecting a perceptible change in it. Further details of construction for the diaper 10 as well as the capacity monitor 20 arc discussed below with reference to Fig. 3.
  • the baffle 22 may comprises a sheet of polymeric, water impervious film or paper which has been treated or coated to render it water impervious or substantially so. The baffle 22 is positioned between the absorbent core 16 and the water impervious backing sheet 12.
  • the core 16 includes a fluff component 26 and a super absorbent component which, in the illustrated embodiment, comprises discreet particles of super absorbent 28 carried in the fluff 26.
  • a layer of tissue 30 is positioned between the fluff 26 and the non-woven facing sheet 14.
  • a layer of laminate may be substituted for the tissue layer 30, or combined with it and positioned between the fluff layer 26 and the tissue layer 30.
  • the monitor 20 further comprises the indicator 24 which is positioned between the baffle 22 and the water impervious backing sheet 12. The baffle 22 physically separates the fluff layer 26 and the absorbent core 16 from the indicator 24 so that there is no direct contact between the indicator 24 and the fluff layer 26 or the absorbent core 16.
  • the baffle 22 is comprised, at least in part, of a hydrophobic material so that it constitutes a physical barrier to the flow of liquid from the fluff layer 26 through the baffle 22 to the indicator 24. With the baffle 22 in place, liquid in the fluff layer 26 can reach the indicator 24 only if it travels around free edges 32 of the baffle and travels between the baffle 22 and the water impervious backing sheet 12 to reach the indicator 24. So long as the volume of liquid in the diaper is such that the liquid can be held tightly or fairly tightly in the absorbent components of the absorbent core 16, the liquid will not reach the indicator.
  • the indicator 24 preferably comprises a hot melt adhesive with a wetness indicator.
  • a preferred indicator material is NICOL-MELT 82525 which is available through Swift 5 Adhesives or its parent Reichhold Chemical.
  • This particular hot melt material is translucent and has a yellow color when it is applied, for example, to the baffle 22 or the water impervious backing sheet 12.
  • the indicator consist of a ribbon of the indicated hot melt adhesive with wetness indicator having a width of approximately one quarter to one half inch (0.5 to 1.5 centimeters) and a thickness of
  • the indicator may be applied cither to the backing sheet 12 or the baffle 22.
  • the NICOL- MELT will change color, at the contact areas, from a light or faint translucent yellow to a relatively dark and deep blue. This color change is readily perceivable through the water
  • impervious cover 12 which, as previously mentioned, is transparent or translucent.
  • the baffle 22 has a width which exceeds the width of the indicator 24. Consequently, free edge portions 32 of the baffle 22 overlap edges 34 of the indicator 24, thereby hindering liquid in the absorbent core 16 from traveling to the indicator 24. Good results have been obtained with a coated paper baffle having a width of approximately one and one
  • the indicator 24 comprising the hot melt adhesive with wetness indicator serves the color change function noted above and can also serve to secure the baffle 22 in the diaper
  • the baffle 22 does not need to be adhered by an indicator 24 to the backing sheet 12; the absorbent core 16 is secured to the backing sheet 12, as by adhesive lines 33 and the baffle 22 could be held captive between the backing sheet 12 and the absorbent core 16. As previously noted, the overlapping, free edge portions 32 of the baffle 22 are not adhered
  • the diaper components just described cooperate to determine, for a given diaper, the threshold level of liquid which will be effective to change the indicator 24. It will be appreciated that there is a wide range of thresholds which arc encompassed by the broader aspects of the present invention.
  • the threshold volume can be affected by controlling:
  • the threshold could be increased by incorporating a particularly fast super absorbent in the absorbent core.
  • a threshold it is preferred, in a diaper according to the present invention, to have a threshold of at least 20% of the in-situ capacity of the super absorbent in the diaper. A 30% threshold is more preferred while 40% is still more preferred. It will be appreciated that a threshold approaching or even exceeding the in-situ capacity of the super absorbent component could be operable in a diaper according to the present invention.
  • the absorbent core of a diaper according to the invention includes another absorbent component, such as fluff
  • a capacity monitor could be incorporated in a diaper according to the invention having a threshold exceeding the in-situ capacity of the super absorbent if, for example, the fluff component could handle the excess volume of liquid. Regardless of the threshold value of a particular combination of diaper and monitor, if the threshold is exceeded, liquid will reach some portion of the indicator.
  • Prior art diapers which include super absorbent and fluff and further include hot melt adhesives with wetness indicators do not have baffles corresponding with the baffle 24. Consequently, these diapers have minuscule thresholds of 5, 10 or 15 milliliters of synthetic urine. A quantity of liquid in excess of these minor thresholds will effect a change in the wetness indicators in the hot melt adhesive, indicating the need for a diaper change, even if the vast majority of the in-situ capacity of super absorbent material in the diapers is unused. It is estimated that the threshold of such prior art diapers is less than 5% of the in- situ capacity of super absorbent in the diapers.
  • a capacity monitor in a diaper according to the present invention has a threshold of at least 20% of the in-situ capacity of super absorbent in the diaper, although 30 to 40% thresholds are preferred.
  • EXAMPLES 1 and 2 Some medium SlimLine diapers were produced but were modified to include capacity monitors according to the invention.
  • the indicator was a ribbon, approximately one quarter inch wide and one mil thick, of NICOL-MELT 82525 hot melt adhesive with wetness indicator.
  • the baffles were made of paper which had been treated/coated to make it impervious to liquid. The baffles were one and one half inch wide. Indica was printed on the baffle paper and was visible through the indicator and the water impervious backing sheet.
  • the indicia comprised the word "KOMFORT" in a repeating pattern extending down the center of the diaper, as indicated by the reference numeral 40.
  • the letters were sized and positioned so that each word was four and one half inches long.
  • the diapers had absorbent cores comprising 12 grams of Aridall super absorbent dispersed in 70 grams of cellulose fluff.
  • the length of the repeating indicia 40 has been predetermined relative to a particular capacity of a diaper corresponding with Examples 1 and 2a-2g.
  • the length of the indicia 40 was based upon the capacity of the diaper to retain synthetic urine with skin wetness of 0.0 after ten minutes which, as shown in Fig. 1, is about 285 milliliters. With a threshold of between 120 and 160 milliliters. exhaustion of the remaining capacity of the diaper (approximately 140 milliliters) will be associated with a color change in the indicator over approximately four and one half inches of its length.
  • the indicia 40 provide a convenient measure of this length as well as a convenient way to ascertain, for example when substantially less than four and one half inches of the indicator has changed color, that the diaper still has substantial capacity to absorb additional synthetic urine and exhibit, ten minutes after the synthetic urine is deposited, skin wetness of 0.0.
  • a comfort monitor indicated generally at 20' includes a strip of non-woven material 42 positioned between the backing sheet 12 and the indicator 24.
  • the width of the non-woven strip 42 is less than the width of the baffle 22, but is greater than the width of the indicator strip 24.
  • Non- woven material is generally hydrophobic, meaning that it repels water and other liquids.
  • the non-woven strip 42 is treated with a surfactant (not shown) to make it hydrophilic.
  • the treated non-woven strip can transmit liquid, when available, into contact with the indicator 24 to effect a color change in the indicator.
  • This construction has been found to preserve the threshold properties discussed above, while ensuring that liquid, in an amount exceeding the threshold, will reach the indicator 24 and effect a change in it.
  • the strategic use of a hydrophilic strip of non-woven, or the like, as described above prevents the indicator, when exposed to high temperatures, from sticking to the backing sheet 12 to such an extent that the monitor is rendered inoperable.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
  • Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
EP94901403A 1992-11-13 1993-11-12 Kapazitätskontrollvorrichtung mit superabsorbierendem material und absorptionskern Withdrawn EP0727975A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US97583892A 1992-11-13 1992-11-13
US975838 1992-11-13
US96552 1993-07-23
US08/096,552 US5354289A (en) 1993-07-23 1993-07-23 Absorbent product including super absorbent material and a fluid absorption capacity monitor
PCT/US1993/010890 WO1994010958A1 (en) 1992-11-13 1993-11-12 Absorbent including super absorbent and capacity monitor

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0727975A1 true EP0727975A1 (de) 1996-08-28
EP0727975A4 EP0727975A4 (de) 1996-09-11

Family

ID=26791816

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94901403A Withdrawn EP0727975A1 (de) 1992-11-13 1993-11-12 Kapazitätskontrollvorrichtung mit superabsorbierendem material und absorptionskern

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0727975A1 (de)
AU (1) AU5600194A (de)
CA (1) CA2149325C (de)
WO (1) WO1994010958A1 (de)

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US8222476B2 (en) 2008-10-31 2012-07-17 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent articles with impending leakage sensors

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JP3533285B2 (ja) * 1996-05-16 2004-05-31 ユニ・チャーム株式会社 使い捨ておむつ
US5876389A (en) 1996-06-24 1999-03-02 Ezy-Detek (Edi) Inc. Sanitary napkins and method for collecting samples of bodily substances
GB2327354A (en) * 1997-07-21 1999-01-27 Richard Abbott Disposable nappy with wetness indicator
US5902296A (en) * 1997-09-25 1999-05-11 Fluyeras; Alexandra Incontinence brief with moisture indicating strip
DE19914037A1 (de) * 1999-03-27 2000-09-28 Hartmann Paul Ag Hygieneartikel zum einmaligen Gebrauch
RU2182476C1 (ru) * 2001-07-12 2002-05-20 Достойнов Илья Андреевич Санитарно-гигиеническое изделие для определения состояния организма (варианты) и способ определения состояния организма
US6719691B2 (en) 2001-07-26 2004-04-13 Common Sense Ltd. Method, device and kit for obtaining biological samples
JP4677597B2 (ja) * 2001-08-31 2011-04-27 ユニ・チャーム株式会社 使い捨ておむつ
US7615040B2 (en) 2001-12-19 2009-11-10 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Thin, flexible, low capacity absorbent article with leakage protection
US7322472B2 (en) * 2002-09-20 2008-01-29 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Void volume indicator and method of consumer product selection
US7285160B2 (en) 2003-11-04 2007-10-23 Videojet Technologies Inc. Ink jet ink composition for wetness indication
GB2408204B (en) * 2003-11-21 2005-11-23 Ucl Biomedica Plc Mattress protection
JP6290461B2 (ja) 2014-03-20 2018-03-07 ザ プロクター アンド ギャンブル カンパニー マスキング層を有する容量インジケータ
EP3464323B1 (de) 2016-05-27 2021-09-22 Aadigen, LLC Peptide und nanopartikel zur intrazellulären abgabe von genombearbeitungsmolekülen
EP3612556A1 (de) 2017-04-22 2020-02-26 Immunomic Therapeutics, Inc. Verbesserte lampenkonstruktionen

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US8222476B2 (en) 2008-10-31 2012-07-17 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Absorbent articles with impending leakage sensors

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1994010958A1 (en) 1994-05-26
CA2149325A1 (en) 1994-05-26
CA2149325C (en) 2003-12-16
EP0727975A4 (de) 1996-09-11
AU5600194A (en) 1994-06-08

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