EP0724998A1 - Magnetic brake, especially linear eddy current brake - Google Patents

Magnetic brake, especially linear eddy current brake Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0724998A1
EP0724998A1 EP95119537A EP95119537A EP0724998A1 EP 0724998 A1 EP0724998 A1 EP 0724998A1 EP 95119537 A EP95119537 A EP 95119537A EP 95119537 A EP95119537 A EP 95119537A EP 0724998 A1 EP0724998 A1 EP 0724998A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
brake
rail
eddy current
magnetic
force
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
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EP95119537A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0724998B1 (en
Inventor
Thomas Graf
Albert Kerscher
Marc Dr. Elstorpff
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Knorr Bremse Systeme fuer Schienenfahrzeuge GmbH
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Knorr Bremse Systeme fuer Schienenfahrzeuge GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61H—BRAKES OR OTHER RETARDING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAIL VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR DISPOSITION THEREOF IN RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61H7/00—Brakes with braking members co-operating with the track
    • B61H7/02—Scotch blocks, skids, or like track-engaging shoes
    • B61H7/04—Scotch blocks, skids, or like track-engaging shoes attached to railway vehicles
    • B61H7/06—Skids
    • B61H7/08—Skids electromagnetically operated
    • B61H7/083—Skids electromagnetically operated working with eddy currents

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a magnetic brake, in particular a linear eddy current brake for rail vehicles.
  • a magnetic brake in particular a linear eddy current brake for rail vehicles.
  • increased attention has recently been paid to eddy current brakes - especially as part of the further development of high-speed trains - because they do not touch the rail when braking. they are practically wear-free.
  • Another advantage of eddy current rail brakes is that their braking force is absolutely independent of the adhesion between wheel and rail.
  • Eddy current brakes then consist of an iron yoke with several pole cores. Electric coils magnetically excite the brake in such a way that alternating magnetic north and south poles are created.
  • the excited eddy current brake is moved over the rail - ie during braking - electromagnetic fluxes and eddy currents result from the changes in flow over time.
  • the secondary, through the eddy currents caused, magnetic field is opposite to the magnetic field of the brake.
  • the resulting horizontal force component which acts counter to the direction of travel, is the braking force.
  • the linear eddy current brake does not touch the rail when braking, but is held at a height of about 7 mm above the rail.
  • the brake is generally installed in a bogie in approximately the same way as the magnetic rail brake.
  • the brakes In order to be able to maintain a constant distance between the brake and the rail, the brakes must be attached to an unsprung part of the bogie - e.g. on the wheel bearings - support.
  • the magnetic yoke of the brake is attached to a brake carrier, which in turn is connected to the bogie.
  • Such an arrangement shows e.g. the OS 26 14 298.
  • the script shows on both sides of the wheel sets arranged under the bogie frame for holding the eddy current brake.
  • the supports, which are aligned parallel to the rail, are provided on their lower side with brake magnets, which can be moved together with the brake support near the rail and away from it by means of a lifting cylinder actuation.
  • the invention aims to improve the suspension technology of the generic brakes.
  • the smallest possible and constant air gap between the brake and the rail is desirable in order to keep losses as low as possible.
  • the invention achieves this goal by the subject matter of claims 1 and 5.
  • the invention is based on the idea of counteracting the high attraction forces acting at low speeds, which lead to a lowering of the eddy current brakes, in such a way that the smallest possible gap can be set without the brake rests on the rail at low speeds.
  • By relieving a supporting force on the unsprung components can be set constant and so small that load-bearing components are relieved and the gap width between the brake and rail can be kept constant.
  • a linear eddy current brake according to the invention for rail vehicles with at least one brake magnet which is arranged via a suspension device on an unsprung element and on a bogie of a rail vehicle and can be moved in the direction of and away from the rail via a lifting device, then has a device for relieving the rail brake (or . Their suspension) depending on the tightening force between the rail and the brake (see claim 1).
  • the device for relief is particularly advantageously a software routine which controls a relief element as a function of the tightening force (see claim 2 in this regard).
  • the existing software - e.g. for anti-skid protection - thus only needs to be modified in such a way that it calculates from the speed of travel and excitation a counteracting force that suitably counteracts the pulling force between the brake and rail and converts it into a control command to control the relief element.
  • the relief element can either be the lifting device already provided or an additional relief element (for example a ring bellows unit that can be ventilated and vented continuously and / or in multiple stages and / or a (possibly additional, second or third)) lifting cylinder can be provided as the relief element (see claims 3 and 4).
  • the method according to the invention for controlling a magnetic brake in particular a linear eddy current brake, can - and this variant is particularly simple to implement - the rail brake in several stages Exceed certain tightening force values (see claim 6) and / or continuously relieve depending on the tightening force values (see claim 7).
  • the continuous relief is one way of relieving the rail brake as much as possible during braking. The relief is chosen so that the brake is not accidentally torn from the rail.
  • the relief force it is particularly advantageous to measure the tightening force between the rail and the brake and, depending on this measurement, to determine a correspondingly reduced or limited relief force (see claim 8). It is also possible to determine the relief force by detecting the magnetic excitation, including the train speed (see claim 8). Both variants are relatively uncomplicated and can be implemented without higher costs.
  • FIG. 1 shows an eddy current brake 1 which is attached to a bogie 2 (see e.g. the already mentioned DE OS 26 14 298).
  • the eddy current brake 1 has brake magnets 3, the central elements of which are magnet coils and magnetic cores (not shown).
  • the bogie 2 lies on springs 4 on axles 5 of the wheels 6 of the rail vehicle.
  • a carrier 7 serves to hold the eddy current brake 1
  • a lifting device 8 is able to lift the eddy current brake from the braking position of Fig. 1a (e.g. 7 mm above the rail) into the released position of Fig. 1b.
  • Articulated arms 9, 10 of the carrier 9 connect the eddy current brake 1 in an articulated manner to the axis 5 and to a stop unit 11. They create a possibility of rotation about an axis lying parallel to the wheelset shaft. The eddy current brake 1 is thus decoupled from the axle bearings 5 in the direction of travel.
  • a support 12 supports the braking force on the bogie 2 when braking.
  • the lifting element 8 - as can be seen in FIG. 2 - is designed as an air bellows, wherein when a bellows section 13 is ventilated, the brake can be brought from the braking position of FIG. 1a into the release position of FIG. 1b via a bellows 14.
  • the invention advantageously uses the lifting device 8 as a relief element during a braking operation.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the attraction force acting during braking between the rail and the brake as a function of the excitation O (excitation of the brake) and the travel speed v.
  • the strong increase in this force is clearly visible a decrease in the speed of travel (e.g. increase from 10 kN at 300 km / h to almost 40 kN at approx. 50 km / h).
  • the increased attraction leads to a stronger sag of the brake at low speeds.
  • the invention counteracts this effect by relieving the brake on the lifting device 8.
  • the relief force is selected, for example, according to the type of FIG. 4, which suggests a gradual relief depending on the driving speed and excitation, for example at 10kA ⁇ O ⁇ 30 kA at approx.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)
  • Dynamo-Electric Clutches, Dynamo-Electric Brakes (AREA)
  • Regulating Braking Force (AREA)
  • Braking Systems And Boosters (AREA)

Abstract

The eddy current brake (1) includes at least one braking magnet (3) suspended (7) on an unsprung railway vehicle axle box and moved towards and away from the rail by means of lifting equipment (8). A software routine controls a balancing device for the brake in direct or indirect relation to the attractive force between rail and brake. The force between rail and brake is measured and used to balance the brake in a step-by-step manner when the force exceeds certain values, or in a continuous manner. The balancing device is either a hydraulic lifting cylinder, or is a ring bellows unit which can either be inflated and deflated continuously, or in a number of steps.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine magnetische Bremse, insbesondere eine lineare Wirbelstrombremse für Schienenfahrzeuge, nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1. Den Wirbelstrombremsen wird in neuerer Zeit - insbesondere im Rahmen der Weiterentwicklung von Hochgeschwindigkeitszügen - erhöhte Aufmerksamkeit zugewandt, denn da sie die Schiene beim Bremsen nicht berühren, sind sie praktisch verschleißfrei. Ein weiterer Vorteil der Wirbelstromschienenbremsen besteht darin, daß ihre Bremskraft absolut unabhängig vom Haftwert zwischen Rad und Schiene ist.The invention relates to a magnetic brake, in particular a linear eddy current brake for rail vehicles. According to the preamble of claim 1, increased attention has recently been paid to eddy current brakes - especially as part of the further development of high-speed trains - because they do not touch the rail when braking. they are practically wear-free. Another advantage of eddy current rail brakes is that their braking force is absolutely independent of the adhesion between wheel and rail.

Eine kurze Einführung in die Technologie der Wirbelstrombremsen für Schienenfahrzeuge - deren Funktion auf dem Induktionsgesetz basiert - findet sich beispielsweise in dem Buch von Saumweber et al "AET - Archiv für Eisenbahntechnik, Hestra-Verlag, Bd. 43, Kap. 2.5.2". Wirbelstrombremsen bestehen danach aus einem Eisenjoch mit mehreren Polkernen. Elektrische Spulen erregen die Bremse magnetisch derart, daß alternierend magnetische Nord- und Südpole entstehen. Bei Bewegung der erregten Wirbelstrombremse über die Schiene - d.h. bei einer Bremsung - ergeben sich durch die zeitlichen Flußänderungen elektromagnetische Felder und Wirbelströme. Das sekundäre, durch die Wirbelströme hervorgerufene, Magnetfeld ist dem Magnetfeld der Bremse entgegengerichtet. Die sich daraus ergebende, entgegengesetzt zur Fahrtrichtung wirkende, horizontale Kraftkomponente ist die Bremskraft.A brief introduction to the technology of eddy current brakes for rail vehicles - the function of which is based on the induction law - can be found, for example, in the book by Saumweber et al "AET - Archiv für Eisenbahntechnik, Hestra-Verlag, Vol. 43, Section 2.5.2". Eddy current brakes then consist of an iron yoke with several pole cores. Electric coils magnetically excite the brake in such a way that alternating magnetic north and south poles are created. When the excited eddy current brake is moved over the rail - ie during braking - electromagnetic fluxes and eddy currents result from the changes in flow over time. The secondary, through the eddy currents caused, magnetic field is opposite to the magnetic field of the brake. The resulting horizontal force component, which acts counter to the direction of travel, is the braking force.

Im Gegensatz zur Magnetschienenbremse berührt die lineare Wirbelstrombremse bei einer Bremsung nicht die Schiene, sondern sie wird in eine Höhe von etwa 7 mm oberhalb der Schiene gehalten. Die Bremse wird im allgemeinen in etwa gleicher Weise wie die Magnetschienenbremse in ein Drehgestell eingebaut. Um den Abstand der Bremse zur Schiene konstant einhalten zu können, müssen sich die Bremsen jedoch über einen Bremsträger an einem ungefederten Teil des Drehgestells - z.B. auf den Radlagern - abstützen. Dabei wird das Magnetjoch der Bremse an einem Bremsträger befestigt, der wiederum mit dem Drehgestell verbunden ist. Eine derartige Anordnung zeigt z.B. die OS 26 14 298. Die Schrift zeigt beidseits der Radsätze unter dem Drehgestellrahmen angeordnete Träger zur Halterung der Wirbelstrombremse. Die parallel zur Schiene ausgerichteten Träger sind an ihrer unteren Seite mit Bremsmagneten versehen, die über eine Hubzylinderbetätigung zusammen mit dem Bremsträger in die Nähe der Schiene und von dieser weg bewegt werden können.In contrast to the magnetic rail brake, the linear eddy current brake does not touch the rail when braking, but is held at a height of about 7 mm above the rail. The brake is generally installed in a bogie in approximately the same way as the magnetic rail brake. In order to be able to maintain a constant distance between the brake and the rail, the brakes must be attached to an unsprung part of the bogie - e.g. on the wheel bearings - support. The magnetic yoke of the brake is attached to a brake carrier, which in turn is connected to the bogie. Such an arrangement shows e.g. the OS 26 14 298. The script shows on both sides of the wheel sets arranged under the bogie frame for holding the eddy current brake. The supports, which are aligned parallel to the rail, are provided on their lower side with brake magnets, which can be moved together with the brake support near the rail and away from it by means of a lifting cylinder actuation.

Die Erfindung zielt darauf ab, die Aufhängetechnik der gattungsgemäßen Bremsen zu verbessern. Insbesondere ist ein möglichst geringer und konstanter Luftspalt zwischen Bremse und Schiene wünschenswert, um Verluste möglichst gering zu halten.The invention aims to improve the suspension technology of the generic brakes. In particular, the smallest possible and constant air gap between the brake and the rail is desirable in order to keep losses as low as possible.

Die Erfindung erreicht dieses Ziel durch die Gegenstände der Ansprüche 1 und 5. Die Erfindung basiert auf der Idee, den bei niedrigen Fahrtgeschwindigkeiten wirkenden hohen Anzugskräften, welche zu einer Durchsenkung der Wirbelstrombremsen führen, derart entgegenzusteuern, daß ein möglichst kleiner Spalt einstellbar ist, ohne daß die Bremse bei niedrigen Fahrtgeschwindigkeiten auf der Schiene aufliegt. Durch die Entlastung kann eine an den ungefederten Bauteilen abstützende Kraft konstant und derart klein eingestellt werden, daß tragende Bauteile entlastet und die Spaltbreite zwischen Bremse und Schiene konstant gehalten werden kann.The invention achieves this goal by the subject matter of claims 1 and 5. The invention is based on the idea of counteracting the high attraction forces acting at low speeds, which lead to a lowering of the eddy current brakes, in such a way that the smallest possible gap can be set without the brake rests on the rail at low speeds. By relieving a supporting force on the unsprung components can be set constant and so small that load-bearing components are relieved and the gap width between the brake and rail can be kept constant.

Eine erfindungsgemäße lineare Wirbelstrombremse für Schienenfahrzeuge mit wenigstens einem Bremsmagneten, die über eine Aufhängeinrichtung an einem ungefederten Element und an einem Drehgestell eines Schienenfahrzeugs angeordnet und über eine Hubvorrichtung in Richtung der Schiene und von dieser wegbewegbar ist, weist danach eine Einrichtung zur Entlastung der Schienenbremse (bzw. ihrer Aufhängung) in Abhängigkeit der Anzugskraft zwischen Schiene und Bremse auf (siehe Anspruch 1).A linear eddy current brake according to the invention for rail vehicles with at least one brake magnet, which is arranged via a suspension device on an unsprung element and on a bogie of a rail vehicle and can be moved in the direction of and away from the rail via a lifting device, then has a device for relieving the rail brake (or . Their suspension) depending on the tightening force between the rail and the brake (see claim 1).

Besonders vorteilhaft ist die Einrichtung zur Entlastung eine Softwareroutine, welche ein Entlastungselement in Abhängigkeit der Anzugskraft ansteuert (siehe hierzu Anspruch 2). Die bereits vorhandene Software - z.B. zum Gleitschutz - braucht damit lediglich derart modifiziert werden, daß sie aus Fahrtgeschwindigkeit und Erregung eine der Anzugskraft zwischen Bremse und Schiene geeignet entgegenwirkende Entlastungskraft berechnet und in einen Steuerbefehl zur Ansteuerung des Entlastungselementes umsetzt. Das Entlastungselement kann entweder die bereits vorgesehene Hubvorrichtung oder aber ein zusätzliches Entlastungselement sein (z.B. kann als Entlastungselement eine kontinuierlich und/oder mehrstufig be- und entlüftbare Ringbalgeinheit und/oder ein (ggf. zusätzlicher zweiter oder dritter)) Hubzylinder vorgesehen sein (siehe Ansprüche 3 und 4).The device for relief is particularly advantageously a software routine which controls a relief element as a function of the tightening force (see claim 2 in this regard). The existing software - e.g. for anti-skid protection - thus only needs to be modified in such a way that it calculates from the speed of travel and excitation a counteracting force that suitably counteracts the pulling force between the brake and rail and converts it into a control command to control the relief element. The relief element can either be the lifting device already provided or an additional relief element (for example a ring bellows unit that can be ventilated and vented continuously and / or in multiple stages and / or a (possibly additional, second or third)) lifting cylinder can be provided as the relief element (see claims 3 and 4).

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Steuerung einer magnetischen Bremse, insbesondere einer linearen Wirbelstrombremse, kann - und diese Variante ist besonders einfach realisierbar - die Schienenbremse mehrstufig beim Überschreiten bestimmter Anzugskraftwerte (siehe Anspruch 6) und/oder kontinuierlich in Abhängigkeit der Anzugskraftwerte entlasten (siehe Anspruch 7). Die kontiniuerliche Entlastung stellt eine Möglichkeit dar, die Schienenbremse bei einer Bremsung weitgehend optimal zu entlasten. Die Entlastung wird derart gewählt, daß die Bremse nicht unbeabsichtigt von der Schiene gerissen wird.The method according to the invention for controlling a magnetic brake, in particular a linear eddy current brake, can - and this variant is particularly simple to implement - the rail brake in several stages Exceed certain tightening force values (see claim 6) and / or continuously relieve depending on the tightening force values (see claim 7). The continuous relief is one way of relieving the rail brake as much as possible during braking. The relief is chosen so that the brake is not accidentally torn from the rail.

Zur Ermittlung der Entlastungskraft ist es besonders vorteilhaft, die Anzugskraft zwischen Schiene und Bremse zu messen unmd in Abhänigkeit dieser Messung eine entsprechende reduzierte bzw. begrenzte Entlastungskraft zu bestimmen (siehe Anspruch 8). Es ist ferner möglich, die Entlastungskraft über eine Erfassung der Magneterregung unter Einbeziehung der Zugfahrgeschwindigkeit zu bestimmen (siehe Anspruch 8). Beide Varianten sind relativ unkompliziert und ohne höhere Kosten realisierbar.To determine the relief force, it is particularly advantageous to measure the tightening force between the rail and the brake and, depending on this measurement, to determine a correspondingly reduced or limited relief force (see claim 8). It is also possible to determine the relief force by detecting the magnetic excitation, including the train speed (see claim 8). Both variants are relatively uncomplicated and can be implemented without higher costs.

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung unter Bezug auf die Zeichnung anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen näher beschrieben, wobei auch weitere Vorteile und Möglichkeiten der Erfindung deutlich werden. Es zeigt:

  • Fig. 1a und b Seitenansichten eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Wirbelstrombremse im eingebremsten und im gelösten Zustand;
  • Fig. 2 eine Vergrößerung aus Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 ein Diagramm, welches den Verlauf der Anziehungskraft zwischen Bremse und Schiene in Abhängigkeit der Zuggeschwindigkeit illustriert;
  • Fig. 4 ein Diagramm, welches eine Variante zur Realisierung einer erfindungsgemäßen Entlastung illustriert.
The invention is described in more detail below with reference to the drawing using exemplary embodiments, further advantages and possibilities of the invention also becoming clear. It shows:
  • 1a and b side views of a first embodiment of an eddy current brake according to the invention in the braked and in the released state;
  • Fig. 2 is an enlargement of Fig. 1;
  • 3 shows a diagram which illustrates the course of the attractive force between the brake and rail as a function of the train speed;
  • 4 shows a diagram which illustrates a variant for realizing a relief according to the invention.

Begriffe wie "oben", "unten" usw. beziehen sich auf Wirbelstrombremsen und deren Aufhängung in ihrer normalen Einbaustellung und sind nicht einschränkend zu verstehen.Terms such as "above", "below" etc. refer to eddy current brakes and their suspension in their normal installation position and are not to be understood as restrictive.

Zunächst sei das Ausführungsbeispiel der Fig. 1 beschrieben. Fig. 1 zeigt eine Wirbelstrombremse 1, die an einem Drehgestell 2 befestigt ist (siehe z.B. die bereits genannte DE OS 26 14 298). Die Wirbelstrombremse 1 weist Bremsmagnete 3 auf, deren zentrale Elemente jeweils Magnetspule und Magnetkern (nicht dargestellt) sind.First, the embodiment of FIG. 1 will be described. Fig. 1 shows an eddy current brake 1 which is attached to a bogie 2 (see e.g. the already mentioned DE OS 26 14 298). The eddy current brake 1 has brake magnets 3, the central elements of which are magnet coils and magnetic cores (not shown).

Das Drehgestell 2 liegt über Federn 4 auf Achsen 5 der Räder 6 des Schienenfahrzeugs. Ein Träger 7 dient zur Halterung der Wirbelstrombremse 1, eine Hubeinrichtung 8 vermag die Wirbelstrombremse aus der Bremsstellung der Fig. 1a (z.B. 7 mm über der Schiene) in die gelöste Stellung der Fig. 1b anzuheben.The bogie 2 lies on springs 4 on axles 5 of the wheels 6 of the rail vehicle. A carrier 7 serves to hold the eddy current brake 1, a lifting device 8 is able to lift the eddy current brake from the braking position of Fig. 1a (e.g. 7 mm above the rail) into the released position of Fig. 1b.

Gelenkarme 9, 10 des Trägers 9 verbinden die Wirbelstrombremse 1 gelenkig mit der Achse 5 und mit einer Anschlageinheit 11. Sie schaffen eine Verdrehmöglichkeit um eine parallel zur Radsatzwelle liegende Achse. Die Wirbelstrombremse 1 ist damit von den Achslagern 5 in Fahrtrichtung entkoppelt. Eine Stütze 12 stützt beim Bremsen die Bremskraft am Drehgestell 2 ab.Articulated arms 9, 10 of the carrier 9 connect the eddy current brake 1 in an articulated manner to the axis 5 and to a stop unit 11. They create a possibility of rotation about an axis lying parallel to the wheelset shaft. The eddy current brake 1 is thus decoupled from the axle bearings 5 in the direction of travel. A support 12 supports the braking force on the bogie 2 when braking.

Das Hubelement 8 ist - wie in Fig. 2 erkennbar - als Luftbalg ausgeführt, wobei beim Belüften eines Balgabschnittes 13 die Bremse über einen Faltenbalt 14 aus der Bremsstellung der Fig. 1a in die Lösestellung der Fig. 1b bringbar ist. Die Erfindung nutzt die Hubeinrichtung 8 in vorteilhafter Weise als Entlastungselement bei einem Bremsvorgang.The lifting element 8 - as can be seen in FIG. 2 - is designed as an air bellows, wherein when a bellows section 13 is ventilated, the brake can be brought from the braking position of FIG. 1a into the release position of FIG. 1b via a bellows 14. The invention advantageously uses the lifting device 8 as a relief element during a braking operation.

Fig. 3 veranschaulicht die bei einer Bremsung zwischen Schiene und Bremse wirkende Anziehungskraft in Abhängigkeit der Erregung O (Erregung der Bremse) und der Fahrtgeschwindigkeit v. Gut zu erkennen ist die starke Zunahme dieser Kraft bei einer Abnahme der Fahrtgeschwindigkeit (z.B. Anstieg von 10 kN bei 300 km/h auf fast 40 kN bei ca. 50 km/h). Die erhöhte Anziehungskraft führt bei niedrigen Geschwindigkeiten zu einem stärken Durchhängen der Bremse. Diesem Effekt wirkt die Erfindung durch eine Entlastung der Bremse über die Hubeinrichtung 8 entgegen. Die Entlastungskraft wird beispielsweise nach Art der Fig. 4 gewählt, die eine stufenweise Entlastung in Abhängigkeit von Fahrtgeschwindigkeit und Erregung vorschlägt, z.B. bei 10kA < O < 30 kA bei ca. 230 km/h eine Entlastung um 5 kN und bei Unterschreiten einer Geschwindigkeit von 130 km/h um weitere 5 kN. Bei sehr kleinen Erregungen (z.B. < 5 kA) wird die Entlastung abgeschaltet. Alternativ kann die Entlastung - wie oben beschrieben - auch kontinuierlich erfolgen. Bezugszeichenliste Wirbelstrombremse 1 Drehgestell 2 Bremsmagnete 3 Federn 4 Achsen 5 Räder 6 Träger 7 Hubeinrichtung 8 Gelenkarme 9, 10 Anschlagseinheit 11 Stütze 12 Balgabschnitt 13 Faltenbalt 14 3 illustrates the attraction force acting during braking between the rail and the brake as a function of the excitation O (excitation of the brake) and the travel speed v. The strong increase in this force is clearly visible a decrease in the speed of travel (e.g. increase from 10 kN at 300 km / h to almost 40 kN at approx. 50 km / h). The increased attraction leads to a stronger sag of the brake at low speeds. The invention counteracts this effect by relieving the brake on the lifting device 8. The relief force is selected, for example, according to the type of FIG. 4, which suggests a gradual relief depending on the driving speed and excitation, for example at 10kA <O <30 kA at approx. 230 km / h a relief of 5 kN and when the speed falls below 130 km / h for another 5 kN. In the case of very small excitations (eg <5 kA), the discharge is switched off. Alternatively, as described above, the discharge can also take place continuously. Reference list Eddy current brake 1 bogie 2nd Brake magnets 3rd feathers 4th axes 5 bikes 6 carrier 7 Lifting device 8th Articulated arms 9, 10 Stop unit 11 support 12th Bellows section 13 Fold 14

Claims (9)

Magnetische Bremse, insbesondere lineare Wirbelstrombremse (1) für Schienenfahrzeuge mit wenigstens einem Bremsmagneten (3), die über eine Aufhängeinrichtung (7) an einem ungefederten Element, insbesondere an den Achslagern, eines Schienenfahrzeugs angeordnet und über eine Hubvorrichtung (8) in Richtung der Schiene und von dieser wegbewegbar ist, gekennzeichnet durch eine Einrichtung zur Entlastung der Schienenbremse über ihre Aufhängung in direkter oder indirekter Abhängigkeit der Anzugskraft zwischen Schiene und Bremse.Magnetic brake, in particular linear eddy current brake (1) for rail vehicles with at least one brake magnet (3), which is arranged via a suspension device (7) on an unsprung element, in particular on the axle bearings, of a rail vehicle and via a lifting device (8) in the direction of the rail and can be moved away from it, characterized by a device for relieving the rail brake via its suspension in direct or indirect dependence of the tightening force between the rail and the brake. Magnetische Bremse nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einrichtung zur Entlastung eine Softwareroutine ist, welche ein Entlastungselement in Abhängigkeit der Anzugskraft ansteuert.Magnetic brake according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for the relief is a software routine which controls a relief element as a function of the tightening force. Magnetische Bremse nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Entlastungselement eine kontinuierlich und/oder mehrstufig be- und entlüftbare Ringbalgeinheit (13) vorgesehen ist.Magnetic brake according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a continuously and / or multi-stage ventilated and vented ring bellows unit (13) is provided as the relief element. Magnetische Bremse nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Entlastungselement ein Hubzylinder vorgesehen ist.Magnetic brake according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a lifting cylinder is provided as the relief element. Verfahren zur Steuerung einer magnetischen Bremse, insbesondere einer linearen Wirbelstrombremse für Schienenfahrzeuge mit wenigstens einem Bremsmagneten, die über eine Aufhängeinrichtung an einem Drehgestell eines Schienenfahrzeugs angeordnet und über eine Hubvorrichtung in Richtung der Schiene und von dieser wegbewegt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schienenbremse bei einem Bremsvorgang über ihre Aufhängung in direkter oder indirekter Abhängigkeit der Anzugskraft zwischen Schiene und Bremse entlastet wird.Method for controlling a magnetic brake, in particular a linear eddy current brake for rail vehicles with at least one brake magnet, which is arranged on a bogie of a rail vehicle via a suspension device and is moved in the direction of and away from the rail by means of a lifting device, characterized in that the rail brake at one Braking is relieved via its suspension in direct or indirect dependence of the pulling force between rail and brake. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schienenbremse mehrstufig beim Überschreiten bestimmter Anzugskraftwerte entlastet wird.Method according to claim 5, characterized in that the rail brake is relieved in several stages when certain tightening force values are exceeded. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schienenbremse kontinuierlich in Abhängigkeit der Anzugskraftwerte entlastet wird.Method according to claim 5, characterized in that the rail brake is continuously relieved in dependence on the tightening force values. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Entlastungskraft anhand einer Messung der Anzugskraft zwischen Schiene und Bremse ermittelt wird.Method according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the relief force is determined on the basis of a measurement of the tightening force between the rail and the brake. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Entlastungskraft über eine Erfassung der Magneterregung unter Einbeziehung der Zugfahrgeschwindigkeit ermittelt wird.Method according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the relief force is determined by detecting the magnetic excitation taking into account the train speed.
EP95119537A 1995-02-02 1995-12-12 Magnetic brake, especially linear eddy current brake Expired - Lifetime EP0724998B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19503365A DE19503365C2 (en) 1995-02-02 1995-02-02 Linear eddy current brake and method for controlling a linear eddy current brake
DE19503365 1995-02-02

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EP0724998A1 true EP0724998A1 (en) 1996-08-07
EP0724998B1 EP0724998B1 (en) 1999-06-16

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AT (1) ATE181294T1 (en)
DE (2) DE19503365C2 (en)
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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999054184A1 (en) * 1998-04-17 1999-10-28 Knorr-Bremse Systeme für Schienenfahrzeuge GmbH Method for controlling or regulating an eddy-current brake
DE10009331C2 (en) * 2000-02-28 2002-10-24 Knorr Bremse Systeme Magnetic brake with actuators to adjust the distance from the top edge of the rail
WO2003040539A2 (en) * 2001-11-08 2003-05-15 Knorr-Bremse Systeme für Schienenfahrzeuge GmbH Magnet coil assembly for rail vehicles provided for increasing the traction
DE102013213241A1 (en) 2013-07-05 2015-01-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Rail for use of an eddy current brake
DE102014203689A1 (en) 2014-02-28 2015-09-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Suspension for a rail vehicle
US9561808B2 (en) 2012-07-06 2017-02-07 Knorr-Bremse Gesellschaft Mit Beschränkter Haftung Method for controlling a magnetic rail brake device of a rail vehicle
CN116061698A (en) * 2023-04-06 2023-05-05 成都西交华创科技有限公司 High-temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system compatible with existing railway and transformation method

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DK2754599T3 (en) * 2013-01-09 2016-07-18 Bombardier Transp Gmbh Rail bogie equipped with a moving electromagnetic operating or braking device
WO2016015759A1 (en) * 2014-07-30 2016-02-04 Gravity Transport System S.A. Rail vehicle braking system

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FR2249476A1 (en) * 1973-10-24 1975-05-23 Oerlikon Buehrle Ag Braking appts using eddy currents - is for railway brakes working in combination with pneumatic brakes
FR2282362A1 (en) * 1974-08-24 1976-03-19 Knorr Bremse Gmbh BRAKE INSTALLATION FOR VEHICLES ON TRACKS

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FR2314852A1 (en) * 1975-06-18 1977-01-14 Sncf Suspension for linear eddy current brakes - uses slide guidance to connect brake carrier and bogie frame
DE4009449C2 (en) * 1990-03-23 1997-08-07 Knorr Bremse Ag Eddy current rail brake

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2249476A1 (en) * 1973-10-24 1975-05-23 Oerlikon Buehrle Ag Braking appts using eddy currents - is for railway brakes working in combination with pneumatic brakes
FR2282362A1 (en) * 1974-08-24 1976-03-19 Knorr Bremse Gmbh BRAKE INSTALLATION FOR VEHICLES ON TRACKS

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999054184A1 (en) * 1998-04-17 1999-10-28 Knorr-Bremse Systeme für Schienenfahrzeuge GmbH Method for controlling or regulating an eddy-current brake
DE10009331C2 (en) * 2000-02-28 2002-10-24 Knorr Bremse Systeme Magnetic brake with actuators to adjust the distance from the top edge of the rail
WO2003040539A2 (en) * 2001-11-08 2003-05-15 Knorr-Bremse Systeme für Schienenfahrzeuge GmbH Magnet coil assembly for rail vehicles provided for increasing the traction
WO2003040539A3 (en) * 2001-11-08 2003-12-24 Knorr Bremse Systeme Magnet coil assembly for rail vehicles provided for increasing the traction
US9561808B2 (en) 2012-07-06 2017-02-07 Knorr-Bremse Gesellschaft Mit Beschränkter Haftung Method for controlling a magnetic rail brake device of a rail vehicle
DE102013213241A1 (en) 2013-07-05 2015-01-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Rail for use of an eddy current brake
DE102014203689A1 (en) 2014-02-28 2015-09-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Suspension for a rail vehicle
DE102014203689B4 (en) * 2014-02-28 2015-11-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Suspension for a rail vehicle
CN116061698A (en) * 2023-04-06 2023-05-05 成都西交华创科技有限公司 High-temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system compatible with existing railway and transformation method
CN116061698B (en) * 2023-04-06 2023-06-09 成都西交华创科技有限公司 High-temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system compatible with existing railway and transformation method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2133651T3 (en) 1999-09-16
DE19503365C2 (en) 2000-11-02
DE19503365A1 (en) 1996-08-08
ATE181294T1 (en) 1999-07-15
EP0724998B1 (en) 1999-06-16
DE59506235D1 (en) 1999-07-22

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