Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
  • A61K9/0019—Injectable compositions; Intramuscular, intravenous, arterial, subcutaneous administration; Compositions to be administered through the skin in an invasive manner
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
  • A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
  • A61K47/08—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing oxygen, e.g. ethers, acetals, ketones, quinones, aldehydes, peroxides
  • A61K47/10—Alcohols; Phenols; Salts thereof, e.g. glycerol; Polyethylene glycols [PEG]; Poloxamers; PEG/POE alkyl ethers
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
  • A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
  • A61K47/22—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. ascorbic acid, tocopherol or pyrrolidones

Definitions

• This invention relates to veterinary compositions for the treatment of helminthiasis in warm-blooded animals, more particularly cattle, sheep, goats, and other domesticated herbivores.
• Helminthiasis is a widely occurring disease in farmed animals. It commonly causes clinical disease and has significant adverse economic effects on farming economies j r j when present at subclinical levels. Over the past twenty-five years a number of initially successful anthelmmtic agents, with relatively specific effects on the metabolism of smaller or larger groups of endoparasites have been discovered, trialled, and used successfully to control helminthiasis on farms. Various groups of compounds have a greater or lesser spectrum of activity - that is to say they are able to destroy a wider or smaller range of parasite.
• ivermectin is active against parasitic roundworms and also against some ectoparasites, yet it is inactive against tapeworms because of a difference ih their biochemical constitution.
• Tericlabendazole is active only against the liver fluke Fasciola hepatica.
• the drug closantel is a useful anthelmintic active agent that gives control over a range 25 of internal parasites including liverfluke in cattle and sheep. For this reason it has been used in aqueous suspension in combination with other anthelmintics such as albendazole and mebendazole.
• This invention is based on the surprising discovery that an anthelmintic solution can be prepared from a combination of closantel and an avermectin or milbemycin like
• anthelmintic for example ivermectin, moxidectin and doramectin.
• ivermectin for example ivermectin, moxidectin and doramectin.
• Glycol based solvents such as polyethylene glycol and propylene glycol are able to dissolve both compounds to produce a stable formulation.
• Such formulations may also be dispersed in water.
• the milbemycins are described in the 11th Edition of the Merck index as a family of novel macrolide antibiotics with Milbemycin D in particular being used as an anthelmintic.
• the avermectins are described in the 11th Edition of the Merck index as a group of broad-spectrum antiparasitic compounds which are derivatives of pentacyclic 16-membered lactones related to the milbemycins.
• the most well known of these avermectins is ivermectin which is a semi-synthetic derivative of abamectin (one of the avermectins).
• the invention comprises a composition including an effective amount of the anthelmintic closantel together with a glycol based solvent and an effective amount of at least one other anthelmintic.
• the invention provides a method for treating helminthiasis in animals with compositions comprising an effective amount of the anthelmintic closantel together with a glycol based solvent and an effective amount of at least one other anthelmintic.
• the other anthelmintic is chosen from the group comprising the avermectins or milbemycins.
• avermectins or milbemycins Such a group includes moxidectin, ivermectin, doramectin, Milbemycin D, as well as other milbemycins.
• compositions of the present invention are used by injection. They may also include trace elements and/or vitamins.
• the closantel and other anthelmintic may be each present at from 0.5 to 15% w/v respectively, and more preferably the closantel is present at from 1 to 2% w/v.
• the invention provides a method of treating animals for helminthiasis by injecting a composition as previously described at the rate of lmL/50kg of the animal's live weight (different dose rates and percentages of active ingredients will become apparent from the examples).
• the closantel and other anthelmintic is dissolved in a mixture selected from at least two of: propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, glycerol formal and water.
• This formulation is suitable for use as an oral drench for sheep which would offer control of parasites resistant to older anthelmintics such as the benzimidazoles and levamisole as well as controlling adult liverfluke.
• This formulation is suitable for use as an injection for sheep and cattle. It gives the advantage of longer action of moxidectin combined with activity against liverfluke.
• This injectable formulation can be applied to cattle at a dose rate of lmL/50kg of live weight, to provide the animal with 2.5mg/kg of closantel whilst at the same time supplying an effective dose of abamectin and a trace element such as selenium.
• This provides another injectable formulation without the trace element by using a combination of polyethylene glycol (PEG 400) and glycerol formal.
• Examples 5 - 7 show other injectable compositions containing different amounts of closantel to be used at a formulation dose rate of 1 mL/25kg of animal live weight.
• compositions of this invention can contain trace elements.
• Example 3 describes a composition containing selenium.
• Other trace elements or vitamins may be included. Examples of trace elements include copper, cobalt, iodine, zinc or the like.
• the vitamins may be for example vitamins A, B, D, or E.
• compositions of this invention are stable and safe to use.
• glycol based solvents used in this invention are non-irritant solvents and can safely be used in injectable compositions.
• the injectable compositions are particularly suited to the control of helminthiasis in cattle.

Landscapes

• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
• Epidemiology (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Molecular Biology (AREA)
• Dermatology (AREA)
• Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

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ID=19924458

Family Applications (1)

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• 1993
  • 1993-08-24 NZ NZ248486A patent/NZ248486A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
• 1994
  • 1994-08-17 ZA ZA946195A patent/ZA946195B/xx unknown
  • 1994-08-22 EP EP94924428A patent/EP0724437A4/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1994-08-22 AU AU74694/94A patent/AU695582B2/en not_active Expired
  • 1994-08-22 WO PCT/NZ1994/000084 patent/WO1995005812A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation

Patent Citations (3)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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