EP0717852A1 - Appareil et procede de localisation de telephones cellulaires et d'emetteurs similaires - Google Patents

Appareil et procede de localisation de telephones cellulaires et d'emetteurs similaires

Info

Publication number
EP0717852A1
EP0717852A1 EP95925550A EP95925550A EP0717852A1 EP 0717852 A1 EP0717852 A1 EP 0717852A1 EP 95925550 A EP95925550 A EP 95925550A EP 95925550 A EP95925550 A EP 95925550A EP 0717852 A1 EP0717852 A1 EP 0717852A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
transmitter
phone
determining
portable receiver
predetermined range
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP95925550A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
David L. Herrick
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lockheed Martin Corp
Original Assignee
Lockheed Martin Corp
Lockheed Sanders Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US08/272,724 external-priority patent/US5625364A/en
Priority claimed from US08/272,725 external-priority patent/US5512908A/en
Application filed by Lockheed Martin Corp, Lockheed Sanders Inc filed Critical Lockheed Martin Corp
Publication of EP0717852A1 publication Critical patent/EP0717852A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S1/00—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith
    • G01S1/02—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith using radio waves
    • G01S1/08—Systems for determining direction or position line
    • G01S1/20—Systems for determining direction or position line using a comparison of transit time of synchronised signals transmitted from non-directional antennas or antenna systems spaced apart, i.e. path-difference systems
    • G01S1/24—Systems for determining direction or position line using a comparison of transit time of synchronised signals transmitted from non-directional antennas or antenna systems spaced apart, i.e. path-difference systems the synchronised signals being pulses or equivalent modulations on carrier waves and the transit times being compared by measuring the difference in arrival time of a significant part of the modulations, e.g. LORAN systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W64/00—Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G01S5/06—Position of source determined by co-ordinating a plurality of position lines defined by path-difference measurements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G01S5/12—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves by co-ordinating position lines of different shape, e.g. hyperbolic, circular, elliptical or radial
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M11/00—Telephonic communication systems specially adapted for combination with other electrical systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G01S5/04—Position of source determined by a plurality of spaced direction-finders

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to the function of locating cellular telephones and other mobile transmitters, and particularly, to a method and apparatus which use a two stage approach including a long range, variable accuracy technique in combination with a short range, high accuracy technique.
  • a goal of any such system for use with cellular phones is the use of as much existing equipment as possible or at least compatibility with existing equipment. Examples of this are use with unmodified cellular phones and compatibility with existing cellular base stations.
  • Tdoa techniques do not require any modifications of the transmitters, because they operate on the ordinary signal transmitted. Tdoa techniques are also compatible with existing omnidirectional cell phone, base station antennas.
  • Reflected signals which take a longer and unknown path to the receiver, provide less accurate location information. Similar approach to locating cell phones is described in US Patent No. 5,327,144. This approach employs tdoa techniques by collecting all data transmitted by cell phones on the reverse control channel and cross correlating that data to identify and locate those cell phones. This approach demonstrates an inherent deficit in using the tdoa technique alone with unmodified cell phones in that the signal which is being measured is limited to a 30 KHz transmission channel. This limited bandwidth limits the accuracy of the tdoa measurement under ideal conditions to a theoretical 300 feet. Whenever any sort of multipath or co-channel interference is encountered, this accuracy deteriorates significantly.
  • the present invention provides a method for determining the location of a cellular telephone or similar transmitter, comprising the steps of determining the general location of the phone or transmitter within a predetermined range by receiving transmissions thereof at a plurality of locations and signal processing the received signals, receiving transmission signals from the phone or transmitter with a portable receiver located within the predetermined range of the phone or transmitter, and determining the precise location of the cell phone or transmitter in response to the transmission signals received by the portable receiver.
  • the present invention provides an apparatus for determining the location of a cell phone or similar transmitter, comprising means for determining the general location of the phone or transmitter within a predetermined range thereof including means for receiving transmissions therefrom at a plurality of locations and means for signal processing the received signals, and portable receiver means adapted for movement to within the predetermined range of the phone or transmitter for receiving transmission signals from the phone or transmitter and including means for determining the precise location of the cell phone or transmitter in response to the received transmission signals.
  • Fig. 1 is a system block diagram of an apparatus constructed in accordance with a portion of one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows one embodiment of a cell phone locating system 10 which would take advantage of existing cell phone base stations and antennas.
  • System 10 generally includes a multiplicity of existing cellular base stations 12-14, to which apparatus of the present invention is added.
  • Base stations 12-14 make use of existing transmit and receive antennas 16 which may be identical in form and function.
  • Added to each base station is an additional GPS (Global Positioning System) antenna 18 which receives timing signals from the existing civilian GPS for use in the locating function.
  • GPS Global Positioning System
  • Each of the base stations includes further equipment for performing the locating function.
  • This equipment generally includes means for sampling or digitizing the signals received from the cell phone or transmitter 22 and time stamping the resulting data with signals derived from the received GPS signal.
  • Communication lines 19 are shown connecting at least two remote base stations 12,13 with a central base station 14.
  • Central base station 14 includes equipment not present in the remote base stations 12,13 in the form of tdoa CPU 20 for processing signals received by all base stations 12-14.
  • Tdoa CPU 20 may be located at any one of the base stations or may be located separately from such base stations. Such separate location would include the interconnection of all comm. lines 19 directly between the base stations and tdoa CPU 20.
  • Tdoa CPU 20 receives the digitized, time stamped data from each of the receiving base stations and cross correlates similar data.
  • the time stamps on the correlated data thereupon provide time difference of arrival data between the correlated data and the corresponding base stations, which have known locations.
  • the general location of cell phone or transmitter 22 may then be determined in accordance with well known techniques.
  • the tdoa system described above provides a means for determining a general location of a cell phone or similar transmitter 22 within a predetermined range represented by circle 24.
  • This general location function may be provided by any other suitable technique such as direction finding.
  • One acceptable tdoa method is described in US Patent Application Number 08/272,725 filed July 8, 1994 for APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR LOCATING CELLULAR TELEPHONES by the same inventor hereof, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference herein.
  • a portable receiver 26 may be transported to that area and used for precisely locating the phone or transmitter 22. Where a local police force carries the portable receiver in a number of patroling police cars, such a portable reciever may already be located within the general location of circle 24.
  • the size of circle 24 technically depends upon the accuracy of the location equipment described above. However, it is much more practical if the size of circle 24 is commensurate with the receiving capability of the portable receiver 24. Due to the limited elevation of the portable receiver 26, terrain will have an impact upon receiver performance.
  • the portable receiver 26 may also be of any suitable type and make.
  • One such type is described in US Patent Application No. 08/272,724, Filed July 8, 1994 entitled APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR FINDING A SIGNAL EMISSION SOURCE by David L. Herrick and William F. Matthews III, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference herein.
  • the portable receiver in question uses relative movement between the receiver and the phone or transmitter 22 to determine the general direction thereof.
  • the described technique is useful in high multipath environments such as buildings. Other forms of direction finding may also be suitable.
  • the portable receiver 26 In order for the portable receiver 26 to accurately locate the cell phone or transmitter 22, it will be necessary to determine the transmitting frequency of the phone or transmitter 22 and receive that signal. In the case of a cellular phone 22, the transmission frequency will depend upon a channel allocation from the local cell phone system. To determine the proper channel allocation it may be preferable to establish a communication link between receiver 26 and the local cellular system to receive the channel assignment.
  • the locating system thus provided overcomes any inaccuracies present in the long range system without requiring significant additional expense. Such inaccuracies may even be impossible to avoid in high multipath environments.
  • the addition expense of a high accuracy system located in cellular base stations is significant given the number of operating base stations.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Position Fixing By Use Of Radio Waves (AREA)

Abstract

Le domaine de la localisation de téléphones cellulaires souffre d'environnements urbains à forte propagation par trajets multiples qui affectent la précision. Ce problème peut être surmonté grâce à une approche en deux étapes qui consiste en une détermination générale de la localisation à l'aide d'un système (10) situé dans une station de base cellulaire, et en une localisation ultérieure finie à l'aide d'un récepteur portable (26) capable de fonctionner dans des environnements à forte propagation par trajets multiples. Les applications comprennent les appels d'urgence et les enquêtes criminelles.
EP95925550A 1994-07-08 1995-07-07 Appareil et procede de localisation de telephones cellulaires et d'emetteurs similaires Withdrawn EP0717852A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US272724 1994-07-08
US272725 1994-07-08
US08/272,724 US5625364A (en) 1994-07-08 1994-07-08 Apparatus and method for finding a signal emission source
US08/272,725 US5512908A (en) 1994-07-08 1994-07-08 Apparatus and method for locating cellular telephones
PCT/US1995/008527 WO1996002007A1 (fr) 1994-07-08 1995-07-07 Appareil et procede de localisation de telephones cellulaires et d'emetteurs similaires

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0717852A1 true EP0717852A1 (fr) 1996-06-26

Family

ID=26955698

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95925550A Withdrawn EP0717852A1 (fr) 1994-07-08 1995-07-07 Appareil et procede de localisation de telephones cellulaires et d'emetteurs similaires

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0717852A1 (fr)
KR (1) KR960705222A (fr)
AU (1) AU2964695A (fr)
CA (1) CA2171333A1 (fr)
NZ (1) NZ289719A (fr)
WO (1) WO1996002007A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6741863B1 (en) * 1998-12-18 2004-05-25 Lucent Technologies Inc. Method and apparatus for locating a wireless mobile unit
SE513158C2 (sv) * 1999-03-31 2000-07-17 Satsafe Mls Ab Metod och portabelt system för lokalisering av mobiltelefon
SE522597C2 (sv) * 2001-03-26 2004-02-24 Telia Ab Anordning och metoder för positionering av mobila kommunikationsenheter
GB0117951D0 (en) * 2001-07-24 2001-09-19 Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv Methods and apparatus for determining the position of a transmitter and mobile communitcations device
FI116996B (fi) * 2004-11-02 2006-04-28 Nethawk Oyj Menetelmä matkaviestinlaitteen paikantamiseksi, liikkuva paikannusjärjestelmä, tukiasema ja verkkoelementti
KR101039873B1 (ko) 2011-03-02 2011-06-09 (주)한국전산감리원 전자발찌정보알림시스템 및 전자발찌정보알림방법
RU2594759C1 (ru) * 2015-10-28 2016-08-20 Федеральное государственное казенное военное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "ВОЕННАЯ АКАДЕМИЯ СВЯЗИ имени Маршала Советского Союза С.М. Буденного" Министерства обороны Российской Федерации Способ и устройство определения координат источника радиоизлучения

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5003317A (en) * 1989-07-11 1991-03-26 Mets, Inc. Stolen vehicle recovery system
US5343493A (en) * 1993-03-16 1994-08-30 Hughes Aircraft Company Personal assistance system and method for use with a cellular communication system
US5327144A (en) * 1993-05-07 1994-07-05 Associated Rt, Inc. Cellular telephone location system

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9602007A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1996002007A1 (fr) 1996-01-25
NZ289719A (en) 1997-02-24
CA2171333A1 (fr) 1996-01-25
KR960705222A (ko) 1996-10-09
AU2964695A (en) 1996-02-09

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