EP0715322A1 - Transformatoren - Google Patents

Transformatoren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0715322A1
EP0715322A1 EP95308585A EP95308585A EP0715322A1 EP 0715322 A1 EP0715322 A1 EP 0715322A1 EP 95308585 A EP95308585 A EP 95308585A EP 95308585 A EP95308585 A EP 95308585A EP 0715322 A1 EP0715322 A1 EP 0715322A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layers
transformer
insulating material
conductor tracks
planar
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95308585A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0715322B1 (de
Inventor
Peter D. Conboy
Roger R. Simpson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MTL Instruments Group Ltd
Original Assignee
MTL Instruments Group Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MTL Instruments Group Ltd filed Critical MTL Instruments Group Ltd
Publication of EP0715322A1 publication Critical patent/EP0715322A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0715322B1 publication Critical patent/EP0715322B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/2804—Printed windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F17/00—Fixed inductances of the signal type 
    • H01F17/0006—Printed inductances
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
    • H01F27/2804—Printed windings
    • H01F2027/2819—Planar transformers with printed windings, e.g. surrounded by two cores and to be mounted on printed circuit

Definitions

  • This invention relates to transformers and is particularly concerned with planar intrinsically safe transformers.
  • Intrinsically safe transformers must comply with various standard which are set down for intrinsically safe equipment, in order to guarantee the integrity of the isolation between the electronic circuits.
  • En 50 020 is such a standard and it defines a need for a minimum of lmm of solid insulation between individual circuits and therefore between the windings of a transformer which straddle the circuits. There is also a need to maintain 6mm clearance through air, and 10mm over surfaces between the exposed conductors of circuits.
  • EP-A-0267108 describes a miniaturised transformer in which a plurality of substrate boards are stacked on top of each other, with conductors on the boards, and with the boards separated from each other by insulator layers.
  • the conductors are arranged in the shape of a spiral so as to serve as the turns of the transformer windings.
  • the substrate boards and the insulation layers are all very thin and the aim is to maximise magnetic coupling.
  • GB-A-2087656 describes another miniaturised planar transformer using an E-core format with spiral windings printed on a ceramic printed circuit board. Two or more of these stacked inside the ferrite constitute the transformer.
  • the aim here is a rugged, compact construction. It is not concerned with creepage and clearance distances with safety considerations in mind.
  • EP-A-0608127 describes a transformer where the winding means consists of a number of individual annular turns deposited on a flexible polyimide substrate and then stacked to form the whole winding.
  • EP-A-0542445 describes a flat transformer having planar windings of which at least one is contained in an electrically-insulating flat box sealed everywhere except at the exit points for the lead-out wires. It is designed particularly for switched mode power supplies.
  • WO88/09042 describes a high coupling transformer with a plurality of layers of printed circuits which carry conducting tracks.
  • PCB printed circuit board
  • the transformer in accordance with the present invention requires very simple constructional techniques, thus making it easy to manufacture and avoiding the need for winding consolidation.
  • the design also optimises the core ferrite cross-section and therefore the magnetic properties of the transformer.
  • planar, intrinsically safe transformer comprising:
  • the multilayer PCB itself consists of bonded layers of conductor tracks and insulators. If the insulators are made of standard PCB material, e.g. fibreglass, of sufficient thickness, then one can achieve the necessary standard for the isolation of the windings and also satisfy the criteria for the transformer to be intrinsically safe.
  • standard PCB material e.g. fibreglass
  • each face of the bonded assembly may comprise a conductor track or may be a layer of insulating material.
  • the said first-mentioned layers are preferably at least 1mm thick.
  • none of the conductor tracks extends to within lmm of the edge of the multilayer printed circuit board.
  • Fig. 1 shows the general construction of the planar transformer.
  • the design is based upon the use of a multilayer printed circuit board, indicated generally at 10, and low profile RM ferrite cores, indicated generally at 12.
  • the PCB is made as a multilayer product, with more than one layer giving more than one winding and hence forming a transformer.
  • the transformers of the present invention use low profile RM cores. This style of core maintains a large winding window, sufficient to make it 3 port (i.e. 3 isolated windings) with the full 1mm circuit separation and printed circuit windings.
  • the RM core has two large openings in the ferrite which encloses the windings, through which the winds of the isolated circuits can be brought while still maintaining the necessary circuit segregation.
  • Each of the core pieces 12 has a cylindrical stub 14 which extends into a hole 16 formed centrally through the multilayer PCB 10. The core pieces 12 are held in place in relation to the PCB 10 by a pair of securing members 18 which fit around the core pieces and snap into place thereon.
  • FIG. 2 shows a section through an 8-track layer PCB set within the ferrite core 12.
  • the PCB is here made up of three lmm thick layers of insulator 20a, 20b, 20c. Between each of these insulator layers and on the outer face of the outer layers 20a and 20c there is provided a thin insulator 22a, 22b, 22c, 22d. These thin layers are kept as thin as possible.
  • Eight track layers TL1 to TL8, indicated by broken lines in Fig. 2, are provided.
  • the track layers TL1, TL2 and TL7, TL8 arranged on each side of the thin insulators 22a and 22d respectively constitute a split primary, for low leakage inductance.
  • the track layers TL3 to TL6 associated with the thin insulators 22b and 22c constitute buried secondaries.
  • no track extends to within a predetermined distance from the edge of the board, here 1mm from the edge of the PCB, in order to give the necessary segregation. This predetermined distance is indicated as t in Fig. 2.
  • the tracks TL3 to TL6 forming the winding can extend up to 1mm from the edge of the PCB provided that the layers of insulation are sufficiently bonded.
  • the relatively thick insulator layers 20a, 20b and 20c which carry conductor tracks on both sides, have a thickness which is at least equal to said predetermined distance between the edge of the board and any buried conductor track TL3 to TL6, here 1mm.
  • the conductor tracks TL1, TL2. TL7 and TL8 which constitute the primary can approach more closely to the edge of the board.
  • Fig. 3 shows a modified structure, again utilising three thick insulator layers 20a, 20b and 20c and four thin insulators 22a, 22b, 22c and 22d, and with eight track layers TL1 to TL8.
  • a further insulator layer 24a, 24b is provided at the top and at the bottom respectively of the PCB.
  • These insulator layers 24a, 24b have a minimum thickness of 0.5mm.
  • the printed circuit board has the windings etched as copper spirals around the central core.
  • the track layers indicated at TL1, TL2, TL7 and TL8 typically have tracks which are 0.15mm in width with 0.15mm gaps separating the turns of the spiral.
  • the track layers indicated at TL3, TL4, TL5 and TL6 typically have 0.3mm width tracks with 0.2mm gaps.
  • the PCB shown in Fig. 3 contains four buried vias, from TL1 to TL2, from TL3 to TL4, from TL5 to TL6 and from TL7 to TL8. Again, as in Fig. 2, the buried track layers do not extend to within the distance t from the edge of the board.
  • Fig. 4 there is shown a PCB comprising a 1mm insulator layer 26 with two outer insulator layers 28a and 28b each 0.5mm thick. Between layers 26 and 28a are two track layers TL1 and TL2 separated by a thin insulator 29a, and between insulator layers 26 and 28b are two further track layers TL3 and TL4, again separated by a thin insulator 29b. No track is provided on the outside of the outer insulator layers 28a and 28b.
  • the PCB incorporates four buried vias (not shown).
  • Fig. 5 shows the configuration of the PCB, with the central non-plated hole 16 for the core and with six plated holes for track connections.
  • Fig. 6 shows a typical track 30 and indicates the orientation of the PCB relative to the RM ferrite core 12.
  • Figs. 7 to 9 show an alternative design.
  • This embodiment of PCB has two buried vias and two blind vias.
  • Fig. 8 shows the configuration of the PCB with its different configuration of plated connection holes 34.
  • the PCB is generally L-shaped.
  • a typical track 36 is indicated in Fig. 9, together with the outline of the associated RM ferrite core 12. It is to be noted that in each of the embodiments the conductor track terminations 34 are positioned as far apart as possible from each other and from the ferrite core.
  • the ferrite does not form one of the isolated circuits, it can be electrically floating and then the outermost insulation of the multilayer PCB need only be 0.5mm thick, as in Figs. 3 and 4.
  • the predetermined distance between the edge of the board and any buried conductor track can be reduced, so that the winding tracks can run up to for example 0.5mm from the edge of the PCB. Close coupled windings can be formed by adjacent layers if they are not isolated, but a better arrangement is for two tracks to be wound together to form a bifilar winding, and even a centre tap configuration.
  • planar equivalent which can be used in the embodiments of the present invention is to have the PCB spiral tracks etched as a concentric pair with two buried vias. This principle can be extended to produce centre-tapped windings by laying out a bifilar winding on the PCB and connecting the terminations in an appropriate manner.
  • Figs. 10 and 11 show assembled transformers, each of a different configuration but embodying the principles described above. Again, low profile RM ferrite cores 12 are used. In Fig. 10 the ferrite is equally segregated from the primary and from the secondary, as shown in the circuit diagram. In Fig. 11 the ferrite is not isolated from the primary, but the two secondaries are fully segregated, again as can be seen from the circuit diagram.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Coils Or Transformers For Communication (AREA)
EP19950308585 1994-12-02 1995-11-29 Transformatoren Expired - Lifetime EP0715322B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9424349A GB9424349D0 (en) 1994-12-02 1994-12-02 Transformers
GB9424349 1994-12-02

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0715322A1 true EP0715322A1 (de) 1996-06-05
EP0715322B1 EP0715322B1 (de) 1998-04-08

Family

ID=10765326

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19950308585 Expired - Lifetime EP0715322B1 (de) 1994-12-02 1995-11-29 Transformatoren

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0715322B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69502006T2 (de)
GB (1) GB9424349D0 (de)

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999031681A1 (de) * 1997-12-17 1999-06-24 Trw Nelson Bolzenschweiss-Technik Gmbh & Co. Kg Leistungsübertrager für ein leistungsschaltnetzteil, insbesondere für bolzenschweissgeräte
US8258910B2 (en) 2009-12-11 2012-09-04 Krohne Messtechnik Gmbh Planar transformer
DE102012003364A1 (de) 2012-02-22 2013-08-22 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Planarer Übertrager
DE102012003365A1 (de) 2012-02-22 2013-08-22 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Planarer Übertrager mit Schichtaufbau
WO2013124048A1 (de) 2012-02-22 2013-08-29 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Planarer übertrager mit schichtaufbau
DE102012016568A1 (de) 2012-08-22 2014-02-27 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Planarer Übertrager mit Schichtaufbau
DE102012016570A1 (de) 2012-08-22 2014-02-27 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Planarer Übertrager
DE102012111069A1 (de) 2012-11-16 2014-05-22 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Planarübertrager
US20150235757A1 (en) * 2014-02-19 2015-08-20 General Electric Company System and method for reducing partial discharge in high voltage planar transformers
US9508485B1 (en) 2012-10-04 2016-11-29 Vlt, Inc. Isolator with integral transformer
US9967984B1 (en) 2015-01-14 2018-05-08 Vlt, Inc. Power adapter packaging
US20200211754A1 (en) * 2018-12-30 2020-07-02 Texas Instruments Incorporated Galvanic isolation of integrated closed magnetic path transformer with bt laminate
US10998903B1 (en) 2016-04-05 2021-05-04 Vicor Corporation Method and apparatus for delivering power to semiconductors
WO2022189603A1 (de) 2021-03-12 2022-09-15 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co.Kg Übertrager mit nichtgeschlossenem magnetkern
DE102022113571A1 (de) 2022-05-30 2023-11-30 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Kernloser planarer Übertrager
WO2023232458A1 (de) 2022-05-30 2023-12-07 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co.Kg Kernloser planarer übertrager
US11990848B1 (en) 2010-03-09 2024-05-21 Vicor Corporation Fault tolerant power converter

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2087656A (en) 1980-11-14 1982-05-26 Analog Devices Inc Miniaturized transformer construction
GB2163603A (en) * 1984-08-25 1986-02-26 Stc Plc Miniature transformer or choke
EP0267108A1 (de) 1986-10-31 1988-05-11 Digital Equipment Corporation Miniaturisierter Transformator
EP0267822A1 (de) * 1986-10-15 1988-05-18 Electronique Serge Dassault Hochfrequenztransformator mit gedruckter Schaltungswicklung, insbesondere für sehr hohe Spannungsquelle
WO1988009042A1 (fr) 1987-05-15 1988-11-17 Bull S.A. Transformateur a fort couplage adapte a un circuit d'alimentation a decoupage et circuit d'alimentation a decoupage comportant un tel transformateur
US4873757A (en) * 1987-07-08 1989-10-17 The Foxboro Company Method of making a multilayer electrical coil
WO1991015861A1 (en) * 1990-03-30 1991-10-17 Multisource Technology Corporation Low-profile planar transformer for use in off-line switching power supplies
EP0542445A1 (de) 1991-11-14 1993-05-19 Electrotech Instruments Limited Flacher Transformator
US5321380A (en) * 1992-11-06 1994-06-14 Power General Corporation Low profile printed circuit board
EP0608127A1 (de) 1993-01-22 1994-07-27 AT&T Corp. Isolierungsanordnung für Magnetwindungen mit gestapelten flachen Leitern

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2087656A (en) 1980-11-14 1982-05-26 Analog Devices Inc Miniaturized transformer construction
GB2163603A (en) * 1984-08-25 1986-02-26 Stc Plc Miniature transformer or choke
EP0267822A1 (de) * 1986-10-15 1988-05-18 Electronique Serge Dassault Hochfrequenztransformator mit gedruckter Schaltungswicklung, insbesondere für sehr hohe Spannungsquelle
EP0267108A1 (de) 1986-10-31 1988-05-11 Digital Equipment Corporation Miniaturisierter Transformator
WO1988009042A1 (fr) 1987-05-15 1988-11-17 Bull S.A. Transformateur a fort couplage adapte a un circuit d'alimentation a decoupage et circuit d'alimentation a decoupage comportant un tel transformateur
US4873757A (en) * 1987-07-08 1989-10-17 The Foxboro Company Method of making a multilayer electrical coil
WO1991015861A1 (en) * 1990-03-30 1991-10-17 Multisource Technology Corporation Low-profile planar transformer for use in off-line switching power supplies
EP0542445A1 (de) 1991-11-14 1993-05-19 Electrotech Instruments Limited Flacher Transformator
US5321380A (en) * 1992-11-06 1994-06-14 Power General Corporation Low profile printed circuit board
EP0608127A1 (de) 1993-01-22 1994-07-27 AT&T Corp. Isolierungsanordnung für Magnetwindungen mit gestapelten flachen Leitern

Cited By (29)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999031681A1 (de) * 1997-12-17 1999-06-24 Trw Nelson Bolzenschweiss-Technik Gmbh & Co. Kg Leistungsübertrager für ein leistungsschaltnetzteil, insbesondere für bolzenschweissgeräte
US8258910B2 (en) 2009-12-11 2012-09-04 Krohne Messtechnik Gmbh Planar transformer
US11990848B1 (en) 2010-03-09 2024-05-21 Vicor Corporation Fault tolerant power converter
DE102012003365B4 (de) * 2012-02-22 2014-12-18 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Planarer eigensicherer Übertrager mit Schichtaufbau
WO2013124048A1 (de) 2012-02-22 2013-08-29 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Planarer übertrager mit schichtaufbau
WO2013124049A1 (de) 2012-02-22 2013-08-29 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Planarer übertrager
DE102012003365A1 (de) 2012-02-22 2013-08-22 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Planarer Übertrager mit Schichtaufbau
US9508484B2 (en) 2012-02-22 2016-11-29 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Planar transmitter with a layered structure
DE102012003364A1 (de) 2012-02-22 2013-08-22 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Planarer Übertrager
US9460844B2 (en) 2012-02-22 2016-10-04 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Planar transmitter with a layered structure
DE102012016568A1 (de) 2012-08-22 2014-02-27 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Planarer Übertrager mit Schichtaufbau
DE102012016570A1 (de) 2012-08-22 2014-02-27 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Planarer Übertrager
US9508485B1 (en) 2012-10-04 2016-11-29 Vlt, Inc. Isolator with integral transformer
US9711271B2 (en) 2012-11-16 2017-07-18 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Planar transformer
DE102012111069A1 (de) 2012-11-16 2014-05-22 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Planarübertrager
US20150235757A1 (en) * 2014-02-19 2015-08-20 General Electric Company System and method for reducing partial discharge in high voltage planar transformers
US10236113B2 (en) 2014-02-19 2019-03-19 General Electric Company System and method for reducing partial discharge in high voltage planar transformers
US9967984B1 (en) 2015-01-14 2018-05-08 Vlt, Inc. Power adapter packaging
US10398040B1 (en) 2015-01-14 2019-08-27 Vlt, Inc. Power adapter packaging
US11101795B1 (en) 2016-04-05 2021-08-24 Vicor Corporation Method and apparatus for delivering power to semiconductors
US10998903B1 (en) 2016-04-05 2021-05-04 Vicor Corporation Method and apparatus for delivering power to semiconductors
US11876520B1 (en) 2016-04-05 2024-01-16 Vicor Corporation Method and apparatus for delivering power to semiconductors
US11756718B2 (en) * 2018-12-30 2023-09-12 Texas Instruments Incorporated Galvanic isolation of integrated closed magnetic path transformer with BT laminate
US20200211754A1 (en) * 2018-12-30 2020-07-02 Texas Instruments Incorporated Galvanic isolation of integrated closed magnetic path transformer with bt laminate
WO2022189603A1 (de) 2021-03-12 2022-09-15 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co.Kg Übertrager mit nichtgeschlossenem magnetkern
DE102021106057A1 (de) 2021-03-12 2022-09-15 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Übertrager mit nichtgeschlossenem Magnetkern
DE102022113571A1 (de) 2022-05-30 2023-11-30 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg Kernloser planarer Übertrager
WO2023232458A1 (de) 2022-05-30 2023-12-07 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co.Kg Kernloser planarer übertrager
BE1030569A1 (de) 2022-05-30 2024-01-03 Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co Kernloser planarer Übertrager

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69502006T2 (de) 1998-07-23
EP0715322B1 (de) 1998-04-08
DE69502006D1 (de) 1998-05-14
GB9424349D0 (en) 1995-01-18

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