EP0710207A1 - Dispositif pour la production de mousse sur des boissons - Google Patents

Dispositif pour la production de mousse sur des boissons

Info

Publication number
EP0710207A1
EP0710207A1 EP94922949A EP94922949A EP0710207A1 EP 0710207 A1 EP0710207 A1 EP 0710207A1 EP 94922949 A EP94922949 A EP 94922949A EP 94922949 A EP94922949 A EP 94922949A EP 0710207 A1 EP0710207 A1 EP 0710207A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
capsule
liquid
aperture
gas
container
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP94922949A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Peter John 8 The Drift HOUZEGO
Timothy Michael 6 The Lawns WOOD
Peter Erich 1 March Lane COX
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Heineken UK Ltd
Original Assignee
Scottish and Newcastle Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Scottish and Newcastle Ltd filed Critical Scottish and Newcastle Ltd
Publication of EP0710207A1 publication Critical patent/EP0710207A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D85/00—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials
    • B65D85/70—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for materials not otherwise provided for
    • B65D85/72—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for materials not otherwise provided for for edible or potable liquids, semiliquids, or plastic or pasty materials
    • B65D85/73—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for materials not otherwise provided for for edible or potable liquids, semiliquids, or plastic or pasty materials with means specially adapted for effervescing the liquids, e.g. for forming bubbles or beer head
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B31/00—Packaging articles or materials under special atmospheric or gaseous conditions; Adding propellants to aerosol containers
    • B65B31/006—Adding fluids for preventing deformation of filled and closed containers or wrappers

Definitions

  • This invention concerns devices for assisting in the production of a so-called head when packaged beverage, especially alcoholic beverage and particularly beer, stout, ale, lager and lager-beer, is poured from the package.
  • Such devices will be referred to herein as head generating devices.
  • Head generating devices for use with sealed containers such as cans generally comprise small capsules of gas retained at or above internal container pressure.
  • the capsule is usually retained near the base of the container. The action of opening the latter causes the in-container pressure to drop to atmospheric thus allowing gas to escape from the capsule into the beverage so creating a head on the beverage.
  • a head generating device comprises a substantially hollow capsule having a first aperture, a second aperture remote from the first aperture, ballast means within the device selected as regards mass and position therein such that the capsule will float in a liquid with the first aperture above the liquid surface and the other immersed, wherein liquid can enter the capsule through the immersed aperture, the mass of liquid entering the capsule combining with the ballast to cause the capsule to rotate at least to the extent that the respective conditions of the two apertures are reversed and the interior of the capsule forming with the liquid therein a liquid lock when the latter is rotated to inhibit the further ingress of liquid and trap a volume of gas therein, and wherein a head device for generating a head on a beverage in a sealed container, when the container is opened, comprising a substantially hollow capsule having a first aperture, a second aperture remote from the first aperture, ballast means within the device selected as regards mass and position therein such that the capsule will float in a iquid with the first aperture above the liquid surface and the
  • the interior of the capsule will be pressurised by the gas in the headspace above the liquid to the same elevated pressure as that of the headspace. After it at least partially inverts, the trapped gas remains at the elevated pressure and is available to exit from the capsule when the container is opened and the pressure in the container drops.
  • the issuing gas can be arranged to initiate an avalanche effect on the dissolved gases and create a head of fine bubbles on the liquid.
  • the issuing gas it is necessary for the issuing gas to be in the form of a fine jet to achieve significant head production to which end the size of the aperture through which the gas is to issue into the liquid is selected so as to create such a desired jet.
  • Valve means may be provided to create the said liquid lock and prevent gas from escaping except through the jet producing aperture.
  • the valve means may be operated for example by inversion of the capsule or by a timing device or by a temperature sensitive device or by a magnetic field or by relative movement between a flotation member and the capsule wall, or by the entry of liquid into the capsule and the movement of a diaphragm or expansible member thereby within the capsule.
  • the ballast means may be fixed in position within the capsule or may be upwardly movable therein as a consequence of the ingress of liquid to which end the ballast means may be a buoyant member which rises with the rising level of liquid within the capsule so as to raise the centre of gravity of the capsule and create an unstable condition and cause the capsule to invert into a position of stability.
  • the second aperture communicates with the interior of the capsule by means of an elongate open ended tube which extends across the capsule to a position therein which is close to but spaced from a region of the inside surface of the capsule which is diametrically opposite the position of the said second aperture, and the said first aperture is situated in a region of the capsule wall which is close to but not aligned with the open end of the said elongate tube.
  • the tube is preferably packed with the absorbent material which draws liquid up into the tube when the capsule is floating in liquid.
  • the absorbent wick is preferably of a mushroom shape having its head immediately beyond the open end of the tube.
  • the first aperture communicates directly .with the interior of the capsule and is not impeded by the liquid absorbent material therein.
  • a pipe or tube extends from the said first aperture internally of the capsule generally parallel to the first mentioned tube or pipe extending from the said second aperture, the length of the tube or pipe associated with the said first aperture being selected so that when the capsule is inverted and the said first aperture is on the underside of the capsule, the other end of the pipe or tube communicating with the said first aperture is situated in a region of the capsule which contains gas and is above the level of any liquid contained in the capsule as a result of ingress of liquid during the priming step when liquid is drawn into the capsule by means of the wick.
  • the size of the first aperture is in the range 150-300 microns diameter.
  • the ballast comprises an annular weight fitted around the first mentioned pipe or tube which extends from the said second aperture into the capsule and is positioned therealong just below the centre of area and having a mass which is such that the capsule will settle with the small first aperture positioned just above the surface of the liquid.
  • the capsule When initially deposited into liquid such as beer in a container which is partially filled with beer and is thereafter sealed so that the headspace above the beer can be pressurised, the capsule will initially float allowing pressure equalisation to occur as nitrogen and Carbon dioxide pressure is built up within the container as can happen during a pasteurisation process when the temperature of a can is raised.
  • the capsule will remain buoyant for a period of time determined by the capillary properties of the wick material.
  • the wick continues to absorb liquid and as this occurs the buoyancy of the device will change until such time as the capsule is no longer buoyant and sinks. Liquid will continue to be absorbed, further changing the buoyancy of the device until the centre of mass moved above the centre of area (since the absorbing material above the pipe is located only in the upper region of the capsule.
  • the device will turn until the small hole originally at the top of the capsule is now positioned at the bottom. Thereafter the device will remain in this orientation, whatever the orientation of the container, thus preventing any significant further ingress of liquid and preserving the pressure of the internal volume of gas trapped in the capsule.
  • a particular advantage of a device such as described is that by appropriate selection of position and/or direction of jet, the exiting gas from the capsule can cause the latter to rotate within the container thus expelling of gas around the whole of the cross-sectional area of the liquid in the container improving the overall head production performance.
  • the device does not have to sink to the bottom but can be made to work as a non-sinking device remaining on the surface at all times but inverting after the liquid has been drawn into the wick.
  • the function is similar to the sinking device previously described.
  • one way valves are located in the apertures in the capsule and the capsule is weighted to float in a particular orientation with the upper one way valve mechanism allowing flow of gas from the headspace into the device and the lower valve permitting positive pressure inside the device to vent through the submerged hole.
  • a preferred shape of capsule is spherical, but cylindrical, rectilinear- trapezoidal, hemispherical and other shapes may be utilised.
  • the shape of the capsule may affect its stability when floating and enable a more bistable type of operation as between one orientation and the other as compared with the gentle rotation which would normally be associated with a cylindrical or spherical device.
  • a container partially filled with a liquid having gas dissolved therein and a headspace above the liquid containing gas at a pressure greater than atmospheric, and located within the said container a head generating device as aforesaid, so that when the end of the container adjacent the headspace is broached as by severing a weakened tab region and the headspace pressure is relieved to atmosphere the trapped high pressure gas within the capsule will be jetted into the liquid to assist in the generation of an upward avalanche of small bubbles to form a head on the surface of the liquid when the latter is poured into a glass or other drinking vessel.
  • a method of trapping a volume of gas under pressure within a capsule located within a sealed container having liquid therein containing dissolved gases and a headspace containing gas under greater than atmospheric pressure comprises the steps of, causing liquid to enter the capsule and thereby alter the buoyancy and stability thereof and result in a rotation of the capsule so that an aperture through which liquid is entering the capsule rises above the surface of the liquid and a smaller aperture through which gas is to jet when the can is opened is caused to rotate below the level of the liquid within the container.
  • the volume of liquid entering the capsule is arranged to alter the buoyancy thereof to such an extent that the capsule sinks within the liquid either before, after or during inversion so that the device is situated at or near the bottom of the container at the time when the can is broached and the headspace pressure relieved.
  • a key advantage of devices such as aforesaid is the ease with which such capsules can be separated from the bulk and handled at high speed. This is particularly the case where regular shapes and smooth external surfaces such as spherical shapes are involved. This makes the devices particularly suitable for insertion into containers at high speed immediately after filling.
  • capsules waiting to be inserted into cans are preferably maintained in an inert atmosphere typically nitrogen preferably under pressure greater than atmospheric so that the capsules are oxygen free when delivered to the cans so that there is the minimum of oxygen present in the can after sealing to cause unwanted oxidation of beverage in the can.
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view through a can containing a capsule constructed in accordance with the invention
  • Figure 2 is a similar view in which the capsule has inverted and sunk;
  • Figure 3 is similar to Figure 1 and shows a modified capsule
  • Figure 4 shows the modified capsule inverted and sunk
  • Figure 5 is a diagrammatic plan view illustrating how a can filling carousel can be followed by a capsule inserting carousel;
  • Figure 6 illustrates how spherical capsules can be handled prior to insertion into cans
  • Figure 7 shows how spherical capsules can be aligned and fed to cans on a filling line
  • Figure 8 is a perspective diagrammatic view of a can filling line incorporating the arrangements of Figures 6 and 7.
  • a sealed container 10 contains beer 12 having nitrogen and carbon diodide gas dissolved therein.
  • the can 10 is pressurised so that the headspace 14 contains nitrogen and carbon dioxide.
  • Floating in the beer is a generally spherical capsule 16 the interior of which is hollow and contains an upstanding tube 18 which communicates through its open upper end 20 with the interior of the capsule and at its lower end through a passage 22 with the beer 12.
  • a second much smaller aperture 24 is located generally diametrically opposite the passage 22 but not in alignment with the open end 20 of the tube 18.
  • ballast weight 26 Situated around the tube is an annular ballast weight 26. This is situated so that its centre of mass is located below the centre of area of the capsule 16 and by making the capsule and tube from very low density material and selecting a high density material for the ballast ring 26, the latter will largely influence the buoyancy and orientation of the capsule 16 when floating in the liquid.
  • ballast ring 26 By locating the ballast ring 26 just below the centre of area of the capsule 16, the latter will tend to float in the orientation shown in Figure 1 and the depth at which the capsule floats will be determined by the weight of the ring 26 and this is selected so that when initially dropped into the can, the capsule will tend to float in the position shown in Figure 1 with the aperture 26 just above the surface.
  • the size of the aperture 24 is typically in the range 130300 microns.
  • the interior of the capsule 16 will rise to the same pressure of headspace 14 by virtue of the communication between the capsule and the headspace through the aperture 24.
  • the tube 18 is filled with a porous material 28 and the latter also fills the upper region of the spherical interior of the capsule in the form of a mushroom as at 30.
  • a space is left around the interior surface below the aperture 24 so that the latter can communicate with the lower part of the interior of the capsule as denoted by reference numeral 32.
  • the porous material 28, 30 serves as a wick and beer is drawn by the wick into the tube 18 through the passage 22 causing the wick 28 to become saturated with the beer.
  • the weight of the liquid within the wick in combination with the weight 26 is sufficient to cause the capsule 16 to lose buoyancy and sink .
  • the gas in the space 32 within the capsule will be at the same pressure as the rest of the can typically 3 or 4 atmospheres in the case of carbonated and nitrogenated beer.
  • the contents of the can can be poured out by creating an opening in the lid of the can typically by deforming inwardly a defined flap 13 leaving an aperture in the lid through which the contents can be poured.
  • this aperture is formed, the pressure of the headspace 14 drops to atmospheric and the gas in the space 32 in the capsule will attempt to leave the capsule to balance the pressure within the capsule to atmospheric pressure by leaving the capsule through the small hole 24 as a stream of fine bubbles.
  • an avalanche of small bubbles is formed as the jet of bubbles causes more gas in solution within the liquid to form and rise to the surface thus producing the desired head on the surface of the liquid.
  • Figures 3 and 4 are similar to Figures 1 and 2 except that here an additional tube 34 is shown communicating with the small aperture 24 so that the latter only communicates with the gaseous content of the interior of the spherical capsule particularly when the latter is orientated as shown in Figure 4 after it has become submerged.
  • containers exiting a filler carousel 40 along line 42 pass directly into a second carousel 44 where capsules are inserted into the containers. These leave carousel 44 on path 46 to a seamer (not shown) where the can is dosed with liquid nitrogen and the lid is affixed and sealed in place.
  • Figure 6 illustrates how a capsule filling carousel such as 44 can be fed with spherical capsules.
  • a purge chamber 48 is supplied with assembled spherical capsules. When filled, the purge chamber is sealed and evacuated using a vacuum pump 50. After evacuation, the chamber is filled with nitrogen from a suitable supply along line 52 so that the capsules are now in a nitrogen environment and the interiors will be filled with nitrogen.
  • the contents of the purge chamber 48 can be transferred to a holding tank 54 when required so that a fresh purging process can be carried out on a fresh batch of capsules.
  • the holding tank 54 is supplied with nitrogen at a pressure slightly in excess of atmospheric and periodically capsules in the holding tank are transferred to the filler dispenser 56 by lowering a bell valve 58.
  • a similar device (bell valve) is used for transferring capsules between the purge chamber and the holding tank.
  • Capsules in the filler dispenser 56 are maintained in a nitrogen atmosphere thereby preserving atmospheric integrity and from the filler dispenser 56 are allowed to roll into radially positioned escapement shoots 60 and 62 to be deposited into cans such as 64 and 66. The latter are supported on a lifting table 68.
  • the system is configured to carry out further purging of the container headspace as by evacuation, purging with nitrogen and liquid nitrogen dosing.
  • FIG. 7 An alternative arrangement is shown in Figure 7 in which purged capsules from stock such as the filler dispenser 56 of Figure 6, are supplied via a feed line 70 to an auger feed generally designated 72.
  • the auger rotates about the axis 74 and the pitch of the auger varies along the axial length of the feed so that capsules such as 76 are captured by the auger and separated and spaced apart with movement along the table 78 until they reach the drop-off point 80.
  • the latter is situated above a conveyor 82 on which cans are located and the conveyor and line of cans moves in the direction of the arrow 84 and is synchronised with the movement of the auger feed 72 so that capsules arrive at the drop-off point in synchronism with the arrival of the next empty can below the drop-off point 80.
  • capsule 86 is shown just about to drop into can 88.
  • the next capsule 90 will arrive at the drop-off point 80 when can 92 arrives below the point 80. In this way capsules are separated and fed individually to the cans.
  • each of the cans has previously been filled with beverage and the level of the beverage in the cans is denoted by reference numeral 94.
  • the capsule 98 floats in the beverage with the majority of the capsule below the level of the surf ce such as is shown in Figures 1 and 3.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates a fully integrated on-line insertion plant.
  • the cans are supplied along a conveyor path 100 to a filling carousel 102.
  • Filled cans are supplied to the capsule loading auger 104 fed from the feed hopper 106.
  • a bell valve 108 releases capsules into the hopper 106 from a purge chamber 110 itself fed from a hopper 112.
  • Capsules supplied to the auger 104 are transferred individually' into the cans in the manner previously described in relation to Figure 7 and the cans are immediately transferred to the seamer (not shown) .
  • FIG. 8a A perspective overview of the complete system showing where the capsule insertion stage would be located is shown in Figure 8a.
  • FIG. 8 Also shown in Figure 8 is the vacuum pump 114 for evacuating the purge chamber 110 via pipe 116. Not shown is the nitrogen input to the purge chamber and feed hopper.
  • the headspace is purged in the normal way which may involve evacuation, nitrogen blanketing, nitrogen dosing and the like prior to seaming.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Vacuum Packaging (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Making Beverages (AREA)

Abstract

Un appareil pour la production de mousse sur un liquide contenu dans une boîte fermée et pressurisée lors de l'ouverture de la boîte comporte une capsule creuse (16) qui flotte initialement sur le liquide de telle sorte que des ouvertures (22, 24) de la capsule soient initialement disposées l'une au-dessus du niveau du liquide et l'autre en dessous. Du liquide est attiré dans le récipient par l'ouverture immergée à l'aide d'une mèche absorbante (28, 30) et, en coopération avec des moyens de lestage (26), provoque finalement le renversement au moins partiel de la capsule dans laquelle du gaz sous pression se trouve alors piégé, prêt à être libéré lorsque la boîte sera ouverte et à sortir dans le liquide par une petite ouverture, sous la forme d'un fin jet qui formera des bulles à la surface du liquide.
EP94922949A 1993-07-30 1994-08-01 Dispositif pour la production de mousse sur des boissons Withdrawn EP0710207A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9315830 1993-07-30
GB939315830A GB9315830D0 (en) 1993-07-30 1993-07-30 Improvements in and relating to head generation on beverages
PCT/GB1994/001658 WO1995003982A2 (fr) 1993-07-30 1994-08-01 Dispositif pour la production de mousse sur des boissons

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0710207A1 true EP0710207A1 (fr) 1996-05-08

Family

ID=10739724

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94922949A Withdrawn EP0710207A1 (fr) 1993-07-30 1994-08-01 Dispositif pour la production de mousse sur des boissons

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0710207A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU7267694A (fr)
GB (1) GB9315830D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1995003982A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DK0712368T3 (da) * 1993-08-12 1997-09-15 Whitbread & Co Ltd Indsats til beholder til kulsyreholdige drikkevarer
CA2167049C (fr) * 1993-08-12 2000-06-27 Timothy Wright Contenant pour boisson gazeuse
AU1459395A (en) * 1994-01-21 1995-08-08 Heineken Technical Services B.V. Beverage container
GB2285792A (en) * 1994-01-21 1995-07-26 Whitbread & Co Ltd Beverage container with insert
NZ308159A (en) * 1995-05-19 1999-03-29 Scottish & Newcastle Plc Gas jetting device for beverage container with orifices and internal standpipe
GB2305159A (en) * 1995-09-14 1997-04-02 Ryford Ltd A floating device for generating froth, a container for the device, and a method of filling the container
GB2321042B (en) 1997-01-08 2001-03-28 Guinness Brewing Worldwide A method of packaging a beverage containing gas in solution and a beverage package
CA2397291A1 (fr) * 2000-01-12 2001-07-19 Michael Wright Conditionnement pour boisson
DE10258791B4 (de) 2002-12-16 2007-03-22 Ball Packaging Europe Gmbh Flüssigkeitsbehälter-Einsatz mit zeitdeterminierter Positionierung in einer unter Gasdruck stehenden Flüssigkeit
EP1614638A1 (fr) 2004-07-09 2006-01-11 Ball Packaging Europe GmbH Insert multichambre pour un conteneur à liquide

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3449134A (en) * 1965-06-30 1969-06-10 Mira Pak Inc Method for packaging in deoxygenated environment
GB2086834B (en) * 1980-11-11 1984-07-18 Abbott Lab Packaging particulate material in an inert atmosphere
GB2183592B (en) * 1985-11-29 1989-10-04 Guinness Son & Co Ltd A A beverage package and a method of packaging a beverage containing gas in solution
IE70665B1 (en) * 1989-11-22 1996-12-11 Whitbread & Co Plc Carbonated beverage container
GB2240960A (en) * 1990-02-15 1991-08-21 Guinness Brewing Worldwide Carbonated beverage container

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9503982A3 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1995003982A2 (fr) 1995-02-09
WO1995003982A3 (fr) 1995-03-30
GB9315830D0 (en) 1993-09-15
AU7267694A (en) 1995-02-28

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
RU2116948C1 (ru) Герметичная открываемая емкость для жидкости и способ ее изготовления
WO1995003982A2 (fr) Dispositif pour la production de mousse sur des boissons
AU674985B2 (en) Beverage enhancer
AU730356B2 (en) A method of packaging a beverage containing gas in solution and a beverage package
US3282306A (en) Process and apparatus for the charging of containers
EP0481019B1 (fr) Procede de remplissage d'un boisson
CA2308811C (fr) Emballage de breuvages contenant une solution gazeuse
EP1185465B1 (fr) Recipient a boisson
WO1995004688A2 (fr) Ameliorations concernant la maniere de produire un volume de tete au-dessus de boissons
EP0833787B1 (fr) Dispositif pour faire mousser une boisson
EP0833788B1 (fr) Contenants pour liquides sous pression avec dispositif generateur de mousse
JP4162382B2 (ja) 容器内サシェー
JP3260938B2 (ja) 発泡性飲料のためのパッケージ及びそのパッケージ方法
WO1994021533A1 (fr) Conteneur pour boisson avec dispositif pour faire mousser la boisson
EP0719230B1 (fr) Insert de moussage pour recipient de boisson
JPH08507028A (ja) 炭酸飲料用容器
GB2353265A (en) Beverage frothing device
GB2305159A (en) A floating device for generating froth, a container for the device, and a method of filling the container
NZ273657A (en) Beverage can insert; capsule for generating foam when can is opened has a resiliently deformable wall section
WO1995019925A1 (fr) Reservoir de boisson
GB2285792A (en) Beverage container with insert

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19951230

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19960531

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 19961011