EP0709867A1 - Electric vacuum interrupter - Google Patents

Electric vacuum interrupter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0709867A1
EP0709867A1 EP95116884A EP95116884A EP0709867A1 EP 0709867 A1 EP0709867 A1 EP 0709867A1 EP 95116884 A EP95116884 A EP 95116884A EP 95116884 A EP95116884 A EP 95116884A EP 0709867 A1 EP0709867 A1 EP 0709867A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coil
switch according
bypass means
cartridge
aforementioned
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95116884A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0709867B1 (en
Inventor
Roger Schneider Electric Bolongeat-Mobleu
Frédéric Schneider Electric Burnaz
Hans Schneider Electric Schellekens
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Original Assignee
Schneider Electric SE
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
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Application filed by Schneider Electric SE, Schneider Electric Industries SAS filed Critical Schneider Electric SE
Publication of EP0709867A1 publication Critical patent/EP0709867A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0709867B1 publication Critical patent/EP0709867B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/664—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings
    • H01H33/6641—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings making use of a separate coil

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrical switch intended to ensure breaking in an electrical circuit, of the type comprising an elongated cartridge under vacuum with a cylindrical envelope closed by two bottoms, in which two arcing contacts are housed, one of which, fixed, is secured to one of the aforementioned funds while the other, mobile, is mounted to slide axially inside the cartridge, and at least one coil intended to produce an axial magnetic field in the zone of formation of the arc , said coil comprising a first end electrically connected to one of the aforementioned arcing contacts and a second end arranged in the current supply range.
  • a known circuit breaker (document FR-2.682.808) of the kind mentioned, comprises a ring-shaped coil placed in an annular housing formed by the bottom associated with the coil so that the latter is arranged coaxially outside the cartridge in line with the arcing contact separation interval.
  • One end of the coil is mechanically and electrically connected to the fixed arcing contact, while the other end is electrically connected to a current supply range while being electrically isolated from the fixed arcing contact.
  • One of the drawbacks of this type of circuit breaker is that, the coil being in series with the arcing contacts, all of the main current flows through the coil. It follows that it is necessary to provide a coil of large section, which therefore has a considerable bulk.
  • the present invention solves these problems and proposes a switch, in particular under vacuum, using a coil for the creation of an axial magnetic field, of simple design and of reduced bulk.
  • the present invention relates to a switch of the aforementioned kind, characterized in that the two aforementioned ends of the coil are electrically connected and in that it comprises a bypass means interposed between the two aforementioned ends, for divert a part of the main current through the coil during cutting, in order to create the above-mentioned axial magnetic field.
  • the two ends of the coil are superimposed.
  • the coil can be constituted by one or more turns of small section.
  • the bypass means comprises a resistive element.
  • this resistive element comprises a resistive washer electrically connecting the two aforementioned ends of the coil.
  • the aforementioned bypass means comprises a magnetic circuit.
  • the magnetic circuit is placed around a conductor electrically connecting the two aforementioned ends of the coil.
  • the magnetic circuit comprises at least one air gap intended to delay the derivation of the current until a certain value of main current intensity.
  • the bypass in the turn is carried out from 8000A.
  • the coil consists of a turn, the two ends of which each extend with an angular offset, parallel to the bottoms of the cartridge.
  • the first end of the coil is mechanically secured and electrically connected to the fixed arcing contact.
  • the aforementioned bypass means drifts between 10 and 60% of the current in the coil.
  • the coil and the bypass means are placed inside or outside the vacuum cartridge.
  • the coil and the bypass means are placed inside the arcing contact between a conductive rod and an electrode of said contact.
  • each of the contacts is associated with a coil and a bypass means, which are placed inside the vacuum cartridge.
  • a vacuum interrupter I mainly comprising a vacuum bulb (or cartridge) 1 and a coil 2 mounted coaxially around said bulb in a manner which will be described through the following .
  • This bulb 1 comprises an envelope 3 consisting of a cylindrical part 3a closed by two opposite bottoms 3b, 3c. Inside the casing 3 are arranged a fixed arcing contact 4 secured to one 3b of the aforementioned bottoms, and a movable arcing contact 5 carried by a control rod (not shown) passing through a watertight the other 3c of the two bottoms.
  • the arcing contacts 4, 5 are disc-shaped in a material of low resistivity.
  • the coil 2 is in the form of a ring arranged coaxially outside the cartridge 1 in line with the separation interval of the arcing contacts 4, 5.
  • This coil 2 is constituted by a turn and comprises a first and a second end 2a, 2b each extending with an angular offset, parallel to said bottom 3b associated with the coil 2.
  • the first end 2a is mechanically and electrically fixed to the fixed contact 4.
  • the second end 2b forms a current supply range connected to that of the circuit breaker, and is mechanically fixed to the fixed contact 4 by any suitable means, such as a screw passing through aligned holes provided in the aforementioned two ends 2a, 2b of the coil 2, and screwing into the fixed arcing contact 4.
  • the switch I further comprises a means M, interposed between the two aforementioned ends 2a, 2b of the coil 2, for deriving part of the current from the current supply range 2b, through the turn 2, while the complementary part of the current crosses the two ends 2a, 2b and the two arcing contacts 4, 5 until the moment of breaking.
  • this means M is a resistive element 6, in the form of a washer, interposed between the two ends 2a, 2b of the coil 2.
  • this means M is a magnetic circuit 7 arranged around a conductor 8 electrically connecting the two aforementioned ends 2a, 2b.
  • This magnetic circuit 7 will advantageously include one or more air gaps depending on the desired performance.
  • This vacuum interrupter I is particularly intended to ensure the vacuum cut in the axial field for a permanent current ranging from 630A to 3150A.
  • the current bypass occurs from the beginning of the current flow, during the cut, and this in a linear fashion.
  • This bypass generates in the separation zone of the arcing contacts, an axial magnetic field necessary for breaking.
  • this element 6 will advantageously be a washer made of a material of high resistivity (stainless steel or other).
  • the magnetic circuit 7 has an air gap and will therefore remain practically inactive up to a certain intensity value. Up to this value, the current bypass through coil 2 will be weak. From this value, the magnetic circuit 7 will activate, which will cause the derivation of a certain amount of current through the coil 2, this derivation creating an axial magnetic field sufficient for obtaining the cut.
  • this activation value of the circuit will advantageously be 8000A, value from which an axial magnetic field is necessary to obtain the cut-off.
  • the turn 2 can remain of small cross section relative to the cross section of the conductor 9 through which the permanent current passes, unlike solutions in which the coil 2 is mounted in series with the contacts arc 4, 5 and conducts almost all of the permanent current.
  • the section of the coil 2 can therefore be reduced, all the more so in the event of a cut, the passage time is short.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a third embodiment of the invention.
  • a vacuum interrupter 1 mainly comprising an insulating casing of cylindrical shape closed by two metallic bottoms 3b, 3c, and containing two arcing contacts 4, 5 respectively fixed and movable extending coaxially to the inside said envelope.
  • the two contacts 4 and 5 have the same structure and are each constituted, as can be seen in FIG. 5, by a conductive rod 10 and a conductive electrode 13 with between the rod and the electrode a coil 12 and a bypass means 11.
  • this bypass means is a resistive element 11. But one could also consider interposing a bypass means consisting of a magnetic circuit.
  • the invention will be advantageously applied to electrical switches belonging to the fields ranging from low voltage to very high voltage.

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  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)

Abstract

The circuit breaker (I) includes an upper static disc (4) and a lower moving disc (5) which are mounted in the upper part of a sealed vacuum unit (1). The lower part of the unit contains the command push rod mechanism. The outside of the unit around the disc circuit breakers has a coil activator (2). The coil has two extension pieces (2a,2b) which curve round to connect to an extension (8) from the upper disc. The extension pieces are separated by a gap, which has a magnetic circuit (7) inserted. When the circuit breaker operates part of the arcing current passes through this extension section, reducing arcing problems.

Description

La présente invention concerne un interrupteur électrique destiné à assurer la coupure dans un circuit électrique, du genre comprenant une cartouche allongée sous vide à enveloppe cylindrique obturée par deux fonds, dans laquelle sont logés deux contacts d'arc dont l'un, fixe, est solidaire de l'un des fonds précités tandis que l'autre, mobile, est monté à coulissement axial à l'intérieur de la cartouche, et au moins une bobine destinée à produire un champ magnétique axial dans la zone de formation de l'arc, ladite bobine comprenant une première extrémité reliée électriquement à l'un des contacts d'arc précités et une seconde extrémité agencée en plage d'amenée du courant.The present invention relates to an electrical switch intended to ensure breaking in an electrical circuit, of the type comprising an elongated cartridge under vacuum with a cylindrical envelope closed by two bottoms, in which two arcing contacts are housed, one of which, fixed, is secured to one of the aforementioned funds while the other, mobile, is mounted to slide axially inside the cartridge, and at least one coil intended to produce an axial magnetic field in the zone of formation of the arc , said coil comprising a first end electrically connected to one of the aforementioned arcing contacts and a second end arranged in the current supply range.

Un disjoncteur connu (document FR-2.682.808) du genre mentionné, comporte une bobine en forme d'anneau placée dans un logement annulaire formé par le fond associé à la bobine de manière que cette dernière soit disposée coaxialement à l'extérieur de la cartouche au droit de l'intervalle de séparation des contacts d'arc. L'une des extrémités de la bobine est solidarisée mécaniquement et électriquement au contact d'arc fixe, tandis que l'autre extrémité est reliée électriquement à une plage d'amenée du courant tout en étant électriquement isolé du contact d'arc fixe. L'un des inconvénients de ce type de disjoncteur tient en ce que, la bobine étant en série avec les contacts d'arc, la totalité du courant principal traverse la bobine. Il en résulte qu'il est nécessaire de prévoir une bobine de section importante, laquelle présente de ce fait un encombrement considérable.A known circuit breaker (document FR-2.682.808) of the kind mentioned, comprises a ring-shaped coil placed in an annular housing formed by the bottom associated with the coil so that the latter is arranged coaxially outside the cartridge in line with the arcing contact separation interval. One end of the coil is mechanically and electrically connected to the fixed arcing contact, while the other end is electrically connected to a current supply range while being electrically isolated from the fixed arcing contact. One of the drawbacks of this type of circuit breaker is that, the coil being in series with the arcing contacts, all of the main current flows through the coil. It follows that it is necessary to provide a coil of large section, which therefore has a considerable bulk.

La présente invention résout ces problèmes et propose un interrupteur notamment sous vide utilisant une bobine pour la création d'un champ magnétique axial, de conception simple et d'encombrement réduit.The present invention solves these problems and proposes a switch, in particular under vacuum, using a coil for the creation of an axial magnetic field, of simple design and of reduced bulk.

A cet effet, la présente invention a pour objet un interrupteur du genre précédemment mentionné, caractérisé en ce que les deux extrémités précitées de la bobine sont reliées électriquement et en ce qu'il comporte un moyen de dérivation interposé entre les deux extrémités précitées, pour dériver une partie du courant principal à travers la bobine pendant la coupure, afin de créer le champ magnétique axial précité. Avantageusement, les deux extrémités de la bobine sont superposées.To this end, the present invention relates to a switch of the aforementioned kind, characterized in that the two aforementioned ends of the coil are electrically connected and in that it comprises a bypass means interposed between the two aforementioned ends, for divert a part of the main current through the coil during cutting, in order to create the above-mentioned axial magnetic field. Advantageously, the two ends of the coil are superimposed.

On voit déjà que grâce à l'invention, la bobine peut être constituée par une ou plusieurs spires de section faible.We already see that thanks to the invention, the coil can be constituted by one or more turns of small section.

Selon une première réalisation de l'invention, le moyen de dérivation comprend un élément résistif.According to a first embodiment of the invention, the bypass means comprises a resistive element.

Selon une caractéristique particulière, cet élément résistif comprend une rondelle résistive reliant électriquement les deux extrémités précitées de la bobine.According to a particular characteristic, this resistive element comprises a resistive washer electrically connecting the two aforementioned ends of the coil.

Selon une autre réalisation, le moyen de dérivation précité comprend un circuit magnétique.According to another embodiment, the aforementioned bypass means comprises a magnetic circuit.

Selon une caractéristique particulière, le circuit magnétique est placé autour d'un conducteur reliant électriquement les deux extrémités précitées de la bobine.According to a particular characteristic, the magnetic circuit is placed around a conductor electrically connecting the two aforementioned ends of the coil.

Selon une autre caractéristique, le circuit magnétique comporte au moins un entrefer destiné à retarder la dérivation du courant jusqu'à une certaine valeur d'intensité de courant principal.According to another characteristic, the magnetic circuit comprises at least one air gap intended to delay the derivation of the current until a certain value of main current intensity.

Avantageusement, la dérivation dans la spire s'effectue à partir de 8000A.Advantageously, the bypass in the turn is carried out from 8000A.

Selon une autre caractéristique, la bobine est constituée par une spire dont les deux extrémités s'étendent chacune avec un décalage angulaire, parallèlement aux fonds de la cartouche.According to another characteristic, the coil consists of a turn, the two ends of which each extend with an angular offset, parallel to the bottoms of the cartridge.

Selon une autre caractéristique, la première extrémité de la bobine est solidarisée mécaniquement et reliée électriquement au contact d'arc fixe.According to another characteristic, the first end of the coil is mechanically secured and electrically connected to the fixed arcing contact.

Avantageusement, le moyen de dérivation précité dérive entre 10 et 60% du courant dans la bobine.Advantageously, the aforementioned bypass means drifts between 10 and 60% of the current in the coil.

La bobine et le moyen de dérivation sont placés à l'intérieur ou à l'extérieur de la cartouche à vide.The coil and the bypass means are placed inside or outside the vacuum cartridge.

Selon une réalisation particulière, la bobine et le moyen de dérivation sont placés à l'intérieur du contact d'arc entre une tige conductrice et une électrode dudit contact.According to a particular embodiment, the coil and the bypass means are placed inside the arcing contact between a conductive rod and an electrode of said contact.

Avantageusement, à chacun des contacts sont associés une bobine et un moyen de dérivation, lesquels sont placés à l'intérieur de la cartouche à vide.Advantageously, each of the contacts is associated with a coil and a bypass means, which are placed inside the vacuum cartridge.

Mais d'autres avantages et caractéristiques de l'invention apparaîtront mieux dans la description détaillée qui suit et se réfère aux dessins annexés donnés uniquement à titre d'exemple et dans lesquels :

  • La figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un interrupteur conforme à l'invention.
  • La figure 2 est une vue en coupe axiale de la figure précédente, illustrant une première réalisation de l'invention.
  • La figure 3 est une vue en coupe axiale de la figure 1, illustrant une seconde réalisation de l'invention,
  • La figure 4 est une vue en coupe axiale, illustrant une troisième réalisation de l'invention et
  • La figure 5 illustre, dans une vue en perspective, l'un des contacts d'arc de la réalisation de la figure 4.
However, other advantages and characteristics of the invention will appear better in the detailed description which follows and which refers to the appended drawings given solely by way of example and in which:
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a switch according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 is an axial sectional view of the previous figure, illustrating a first embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a view in axial section of FIG. 1, illustrating a second embodiment of the invention,
  • FIG. 4 is a view in axial section, illustrating a third embodiment of the invention and
  • FIG. 5 illustrates, in a perspective view, one of the arcing contacts of the embodiment of FIG. 4.

Sur les figures 1, 2 et 3, on voit un interrupteur à vide I comprenant principalement une ampoule (ou cartouche) à vide 1 et une bobine 2 montée coaxialement autour de ladite ampoule d'une manière qui va être décrite à travers ce qui suit. Cette ampoule 1 comporte une enveloppe 3 constituée d'une partie cylindrique 3a fermée par deux fonds opposés 3b, 3c. A l'intérieur de l'enveloppe 3 sont disposés un contact d'arc fixe 4 solidaire de l'un 3b des fonds précités, et un contact d'arc mobile 5 porté par une tige de commande (non représentée) traversant d'une manière étanche l'autre 3c des deux fonds. Les contacts d'arc 4, 5 sont en forme de disque en un matériau de faible résistivité. La bobine 2 est en forme d'anneau disposé coaxialement à l'extérieur de la cartouche 1 au droit de l'intervalle de séparation des contacts d'arc 4, 5. Cette bobine 2 est constituée par une spire et comporte une première et une deuxième extrémité 2a, 2b s'étendant chacune avec un décalage angulaire, parallèlement audit fond 3b associé à la bobine 2. La première extrémité 2a est solidarisée mécaniquement et électriquement au contact fixe 4. La deuxième extrémité 2b forme une plage d'amenée du courant reliée à celle du disjoncteur, et est mécaniquement fixée au contact fixe 4 par tout moyen approprié, telle une vis traversant des trous alignés prévus dans les deux extrémités précitées 2a, 2b de la bobine 2, et se vissant dans le contact d'arc fixe 4.In FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, we see a vacuum interrupter I mainly comprising a vacuum bulb (or cartridge) 1 and a coil 2 mounted coaxially around said bulb in a manner which will be described through the following . This bulb 1 comprises an envelope 3 consisting of a cylindrical part 3a closed by two opposite bottoms 3b, 3c. Inside the casing 3 are arranged a fixed arcing contact 4 secured to one 3b of the aforementioned bottoms, and a movable arcing contact 5 carried by a control rod (not shown) passing through a watertight the other 3c of the two bottoms. The arcing contacts 4, 5 are disc-shaped in a material of low resistivity. The coil 2 is in the form of a ring arranged coaxially outside the cartridge 1 in line with the separation interval of the arcing contacts 4, 5. This coil 2 is constituted by a turn and comprises a first and a second end 2a, 2b each extending with an angular offset, parallel to said bottom 3b associated with the coil 2. The first end 2a is mechanically and electrically fixed to the fixed contact 4. The second end 2b forms a current supply range connected to that of the circuit breaker, and is mechanically fixed to the fixed contact 4 by any suitable means, such as a screw passing through aligned holes provided in the aforementioned two ends 2a, 2b of the coil 2, and screwing into the fixed arcing contact 4.

Conformément à l'invention, l'interrupteur I comporte en outre un moyen M, interposé entre les deux extrémités précitées 2a, 2b de la bobine 2, pour dériver une partie du courant issu de la plage d'amenée du courant 2b, à travers la spire 2, tandis que la partie complémentaire du courant traverse les deux extrémités 2a, 2b et les deux contacts d'arc 4, 5 jusqu'au moment de la coupure.According to the invention, the switch I further comprises a means M, interposed between the two aforementioned ends 2a, 2b of the coil 2, for deriving part of the current from the current supply range 2b, through the turn 2, while the complementary part of the current crosses the two ends 2a, 2b and the two arcing contacts 4, 5 until the moment of breaking.

Suivant une réalisation particulière de l'invention illustrée sur la figure 2, ce moyen M est un élément résistif 6, sous forme de rondelle, interposé entre les deux extrémités 2a, 2b de la spire 2.According to a particular embodiment of the invention illustrated in FIG. 2, this means M is a resistive element 6, in the form of a washer, interposed between the two ends 2a, 2b of the coil 2.

Suivant une autre réalisation particulière de l'invention illustrée sur la figure 3, ce moyen M est un circuit magnétique 7 disposé autour d'un conducteur 8 reliant électriquement les deux extrémités précitées 2a, 2b. Ce circuit magnétique 7 comportera avantageusement un ou plusieurs entrefers en fonction des performances recherchées.According to another particular embodiment of the invention illustrated in FIG. 3, this means M is a magnetic circuit 7 arranged around a conductor 8 electrically connecting the two aforementioned ends 2a, 2b. This magnetic circuit 7 will advantageously include one or more air gaps depending on the desired performance.

Avantageusement pour ces trois réalisations différentes, on dérivera entre 10 et 60% du courant total dans la spire 2, une dérivation inférieure à 10% étant insuffisante pour réaliser la coupure alors qu'une dérivation supérieure à 60% serait susceptible d'engendrer un échauffement indésirable.Advantageously for these three different embodiments, one will derive between 10 and 60% of the total current in the coil 2, a bypass less than 10% being insufficient to make the cut while a bypass greater than 60% would be likely to generate heating. undesirable.

On décrira ci-après brièvement le fonctionnement de l'interrupteur I de l'invention successivement dans ses deux réalisations illustrées respectivement sur les figures 2 et 3.The operation of the switch I of the invention will be described briefly below successively in its two embodiments illustrated respectively in FIGS. 2 and 3.

Cet interrupteur à vide I est particulièrement destiné à assurer la coupure dans le vide en champ axial pour un courant permanent allant de 630A à 3150A.This vacuum interrupter I is particularly intended to ensure the vacuum cut in the axial field for a permanent current ranging from 630A to 3150A.

Selon la réalisation illustrée sur la figure 2, la dérivation du courant se produit dès le début du passage du courant, pendant la coupure, et ce de façon linéaire. Cette dérivation engendre dans la zone de séparation des contacts d'arc, un champ magnétique axial nécessaire à la coupure.According to the embodiment illustrated in Figure 2, the current bypass occurs from the beginning of the current flow, during the cut, and this in a linear fashion. This bypass generates in the separation zone of the arcing contacts, an axial magnetic field necessary for breaking.

On notera que cet élément 6 sera avantageusement une rondelle réalisée en un matériau de forte résistivitée (Inox ou autre).It will be noted that this element 6 will advantageously be a washer made of a material of high resistivity (stainless steel or other).

Selon la réalisation illustrée sur la figure 3, le circuit magnétique 7 comporte un entrefer et restera donc pratiquement inactif jusqu'à une certaine valeur d'intensité. Jusqu'à cette valeur, la dérivation du courant à travers la spire 2 sera faible. A partir de cette valeur, le circuit magnétique 7 s'activera, ce qui entraînera la dérivation d'une certaine quantité de courant à travers la spire 2, cette dérivation créant un champ magnétique axial suffisant pour l'obtention de la coupure.According to the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 3, the magnetic circuit 7 has an air gap and will therefore remain practically inactive up to a certain intensity value. Up to this value, the current bypass through coil 2 will be weak. From this value, the magnetic circuit 7 will activate, which will cause the derivation of a certain amount of current through the coil 2, this derivation creating an axial magnetic field sufficient for obtaining the cut.

On notera également que cette valeur d'activation du circuit sera avantageusement de 8000A, valeur à partir de laquelle un champ magnétique axial est nécessaire pour obtenir la coupure.It will also be noted that this activation value of the circuit will advantageously be 8000A, value from which an axial magnetic field is necessary to obtain the cut-off.

L'un des avantages procurés par l'invention tient en ce que la spire 2 peut rester de section faible par rapport à la section du conducteur 9 traversé par le courant permanent, contrairement aux solutions dans lesquelles la bobine 2 est montée en série des contacts d'arc 4, 5 et conduit la quasi totalité du courant permanent. La section de la spire 2 peut donc être réduite, d'autant qu'en coupure, le temps de passage est court.One of the advantages afforded by the invention is that the turn 2 can remain of small cross section relative to the cross section of the conductor 9 through which the permanent current passes, unlike solutions in which the coil 2 is mounted in series with the contacts arc 4, 5 and conducts almost all of the permanent current. The section of the coil 2 can therefore be reduced, all the more so in the event of a cut, the passage time is short.

La figure 4 illustre une troisième réalisation de l'invention. Sur cette figure, on voit un interrupteur à ampoule sous vide 1 comprenant principalement une enveloppe isolante de forme cylindrique fermée par deux fonds métalliques 3b, 3c, et renfermant deux contacts d'arc 4, 5 respectivement fixe et mobile s'étendant coaxialement à l'intérieur de ladite enveloppe. Les deux contacts 4 et 5 ont la même structure et sont constitués chacun, comme ceci est visible sur la figure 5, par une tige conductrice 10 et une électrode conductrice 13 avec entre la tige et l'électrode une bobine 12 et un moyen de dérivation 11.Figure 4 illustrates a third embodiment of the invention. In this figure, we see a vacuum interrupter 1 mainly comprising an insulating casing of cylindrical shape closed by two metallic bottoms 3b, 3c, and containing two arcing contacts 4, 5 respectively fixed and movable extending coaxially to the inside said envelope. The two contacts 4 and 5 have the same structure and are each constituted, as can be seen in FIG. 5, by a conductive rod 10 and a conductive electrode 13 with between the rod and the electrode a coil 12 and a bypass means 11.

Selon la réalisation illustrée sur la figure 4, ce moyen de dérivation est un élément résistif 11. Mais on pourrait également envisager d'interposer un moyen de dérivation constitué par un circuit magnétique.According to the embodiment illustrated in Figure 4, this bypass means is a resistive element 11. But one could also consider interposing a bypass means consisting of a magnetic circuit.

Ainsi, tous les moyens assurant la génération d'un champ magnétique axial se trouvent à l'intérieur de l' ampoule à vide. Ces moyens de dérivation par un matériau de forte résistivité ou un circuit magnétique dérivent entre 5 % et 60 % du courant dans les bobines. Cette solution est ava ntageuse pour des courants permanents allant de 630 à 3150 A. Elle permet en outre d'une part, d'améliorer considérablement la rigidité mécanique de l'ensemble lorsqu'appliquée dans un disjoncteur et d'autre part, de réduire les coûts de fabrication grâce à une construction des contacts particulièrement simple.Thus, all the means ensuring the generation of an axial magnetic field are located inside the vacuum interrupter. These means of derivation by a material of high resistivity or a magnetic circuit derive between 5% and 60% of the current in the coils. This solution is advantageous for permanent currents ranging from 630 to 3150 A. It also makes it possible, on the one hand, to considerably improve the mechanical rigidity of the assembly when applied in a circuit breaker and, on the other hand, to reduce manufacturing costs thanks to a particularly simple contact construction.

L'invention sera appliquée avantageusement aux interrupteurs électriques appartenant aux domaines allant de la basse tension jusqu'en très haute tension.The invention will be advantageously applied to electrical switches belonging to the fields ranging from low voltage to very high voltage.

Bien entendu l'invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de réalisation décrits et illustrés qui n'ont été donnés qu'à titre d'exemple. Au contraire, l'invention comprend tous les équivalents techniques des moyens décrits ainsi que leurs combinaisons si celles-ci sont effectuées suivant son esprit.Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described and illustrated which have been given only by way of example. On the contrary, the invention includes all the technical equivalents of the means described and their combinations if these are carried out according to the spirit.

Claims (15)

Interrupteur électrique destiné à assurer la coupure dans un circuit électrique, du genre comprenant une cartouche allongée sous vide à enveloppe cylindrique obturée par deux fonds, dans laquelle sont logés deux contacts d'arc dont l'un, fixe, est solidaire de l'un des fonds précités tandis que l'autre, mobile, est monté à coulissement axial à l'intérieur de la cartouche, et au moins une bobine destinée à produire un champ magnétique axial dans la zone de formation de l'arc, ladite bobine comprenant une première extrémité reliée électriquement à l'un des contacts d'arc précités et une seconde extrémité agencée en plage d'amenée du courant,
caractérisé en ce que les deux extrémités précitées (2a, 2b) de la bobine (2) sont reliées électriquement et en ce qu'il comporte un moyen de dérivation (M) interposé entre les deux extrémités précitées (2a, 2b) pour dériver une partie du courant principal à travers la bobine (2) pendant la coupure, afin de créer le champ magnétique axial.Electric switch intended to ensure breaking in an electrical circuit, of the type comprising an elongated cartridge under vacuum with a cylindrical envelope closed by two bottoms, in which two arcing contacts are housed, one of which, fixed, is integral with one aforementioned funds while the other, mobile, is mounted to slide axially inside the cartridge, and at least one coil intended to produce an axial magnetic field in the arc formation zone, said coil comprising a first end electrically connected to one of the aforementioned arcing contacts and a second end arranged in the current supply range,
characterized in that the two aforementioned ends (2a, 2b) of the coil (2) are electrically connected and in that it comprises a bypass means (M) interposed between the two aforementioned ends (2a, 2b) for deriving a part of the main current through the coil (2) during cutting, in order to create the axial magnetic field. Interrupteur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les deux extrémités (2a,2b) de la bobine (2) sont superposées.Switch according to claim 1, characterized in that the two ends (2a, 2b) of the coil (2) are superimposed. Interrupteur selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le moyen de dérivation précité (M) comprend un élément résistif (6).Switch according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the above-mentioned bypass means (M) comprises a resistive element (6). Interrupteur selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le moyen de dérivation précité (M) comprend un circuit magnétique (7).Switch according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the above-mentioned bypass means (M) comprises a magnetic circuit (7). Interrupteur selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'élément résistif (6) comprend une rondelle résistive reliant électriquement les deux extrémités précitées (2a, 2b) de la bobine (2).Switch according to claim 3, characterized in that the resistive element (6) comprises a resistive washer electrically connecting the two aforementioned ends (2a, 2b) of the coil (2). Interrupteur selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le circuit magnétique (7) est placé autour d'un conducteur (8) reliant électriquement les deux extrémités précitées (2a, 2b) de la bobine (2).Switch according to claim 4, characterized in that the magnetic circuit (7) is placed around a conductor (8) electrically connecting the two aforementioned ends (2a, 2b) of the coil (2). Interrupteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 4 et 6, caractérisé en ce que le circuit magnétique (7) comporte au moins un entrefer destiné à retarder la dérivation du courant jusqu'à une certaine valeur d'intensité de courant principal.Switch according to any one of claims 4 and 6, characterized in that the magnetic circuit (7) comprises at least one air gap intended to delay the derivation of the current until a certain value of main current intensity. Interrupteur selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que la dérivation du courant (2) s'effectue à partir de 8000A.Switch according to claim 7, characterized in that the current bypass (2) is effected from 8000A. Interrupteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la bobine (2) est constituée par une spire dont les deux extrémités (2a, 2b) s'étendent chacune avec un décalage angulaire, parallèlement aux fonds (3b, 3c) de la cartouche (1).Switch according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coil (2) consists of a turn whose two ends (2a, 2b) each extend with an angular offset, parallel to the bottoms (3b, 3c) of the cartridge (1). Interrupteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la première extrémité (2a) de la bobine (2) est solidarisée mécaniquement et reliée électriquement au contact d'arc fixe (4).Switch according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first end (2a) of the coil (2) is mechanically secured and electrically connected to the fixed arcing contact (4). Interrupteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le moyen de dérivation (11) précité dérive entre 10 et 60% du courant dans la bobine (2).Switch according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the above-mentioned bypass means (11) drifts between 10 and 60% of the current in the coil (2). Interrupteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la bobine (2) et le moyen de dérivation (M) sont placés à l'extérieur de la cartouche à vide (1).Switch according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coil (2) and the bypass means (M) are placed outside the vacuum cartridge (1). Interrupteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que la bobine (12) et le moyen de dérivation (M) sont placés à l'intérieur de la cartouche à vide (1).Switch according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the coil (12) and the bypass means (M) are placed inside the vacuum cartridge (1). Interrupteur selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que la bobine (12) et le moyen de dérivation (11) sont placés à l'intérieur du contact d'arc (4, 5) entre une tige conductrice (10) et une électrode (13) dudit contact.Switch according to claim 13, characterized in that the coil (12) and the bypass means (11) are placed inside the arcing contact (4, 5) between a conductive rod (10) and an electrode ( 13) of said contact. Interrupteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'à chacun des contacts (4, 5) sont associés une bobine (12) et un moyen de dérivatiaon (11) lesquels sont placés à l'intérieur de la cartouche à vide (1).Switch according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each of the contacts (4, 5) is associated with a coil (12) and a bypass means (11) which are placed inside the cartridge to empty (1).
EP95116884A 1994-10-31 1995-10-26 Electric vacuum interrupter Expired - Lifetime EP0709867B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9413408A FR2726396B1 (en) 1994-10-31 1994-10-31 ELECTRIC VACUUM SWITCH
FR9413408 1994-10-31

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0709867A1 true EP0709867A1 (en) 1996-05-01
EP0709867B1 EP0709867B1 (en) 2001-12-05

Family

ID=9468630

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95116884A Expired - Lifetime EP0709867B1 (en) 1994-10-31 1995-10-26 Electric vacuum interrupter

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5861597A (en)
EP (1) EP0709867B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH08212881A (en)
CN (1) CN1075663C (en)
DE (1) DE69524363T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2167397T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2726396B1 (en)

Cited By (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0794545A1 (en) * 1996-03-08 1997-09-10 Schneider Electric Sa Vacuum switch or circuit breaker
DE19809828C1 (en) * 1998-02-27 1999-07-08 Eckehard Dr Ing Gebauer Vacuum power circuit breaker
US6373675B1 (en) * 1999-01-14 2002-04-16 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Operating apparatus for switching device
NL1017985C2 (en) * 2001-05-03 2002-11-05 Holec Holland Nv Vacuum circuit breaker provided with a coaxial coil for generating an axial magnetic field near the contact members of the circuit breaker.
EP4170692A4 (en) * 2020-06-17 2023-08-09 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Vacuum valve

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7488916B2 (en) * 2005-11-14 2009-02-10 Cooper Technologies Company Vacuum switchgear assembly, system and method
US7772515B2 (en) * 2005-11-14 2010-08-10 Cooper Technologies Company Vacuum switchgear assembly and system
US8450630B2 (en) * 2007-06-05 2013-05-28 Cooper Technologies Company Contact backing for a vacuum interrupter
US7781694B2 (en) * 2007-06-05 2010-08-24 Cooper Technologies Company Vacuum fault interrupter
CN102280304B (en) * 2011-06-17 2013-11-27 孟越峰 Moving contact assembly and intelligent electromagnetic isolation driving switch applying same
CN105510815A (en) * 2015-11-27 2016-04-20 平高集团有限公司 Fault arc test apparatus
CN113161192B (en) * 2021-04-22 2023-01-20 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 Magnetic field enhanced vacuum circuit breaker
CN113327811A (en) * 2021-04-22 2021-08-31 西安交通大学 Arc extinguish chamber structure of oscillating type direct current circuit breaker

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EP0186030A1 (en) * 1984-12-18 1986-07-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Contact disposition of a vacuum switch
EP0329410A2 (en) * 1988-02-16 1989-08-23 Cooper Industries, Inc. Vacuum interrupter
DE3823297A1 (en) * 1988-07-07 1989-05-11 Slamecka Ernst Vacuum switch having an external axial magnetic-field excitation device
EP0538157A1 (en) * 1991-10-17 1993-04-21 Schneider Electric Sa Hybrid circuit-breaker with axial blow-out coil
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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0794545A1 (en) * 1996-03-08 1997-09-10 Schneider Electric Sa Vacuum switch or circuit breaker
FR2745946A1 (en) * 1996-03-08 1997-09-12 Schneider Electric Sa VACUUM ELECTRIC SWITCH OR CIRCUIT BREAKER
US5877466A (en) * 1996-03-08 1999-03-02 Schneider Electric Sa Vacuum electrical switch or circuit breaker
DE19809828C1 (en) * 1998-02-27 1999-07-08 Eckehard Dr Ing Gebauer Vacuum power circuit breaker
US6373675B1 (en) * 1999-01-14 2002-04-16 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Operating apparatus for switching device
NL1017985C2 (en) * 2001-05-03 2002-11-05 Holec Holland Nv Vacuum circuit breaker provided with a coaxial coil for generating an axial magnetic field near the contact members of the circuit breaker.
WO2003056591A1 (en) * 2001-05-03 2003-07-10 Holec Holland N.V. Vacuum circuit breaker with coaxial coil for generating an axial magnetic field in the vicinity of the contact members of the circuit breaker
US7038157B2 (en) 2001-05-03 2006-05-02 Eaton Electric N.V. Vacuum circuit breaker with coaxial coil for generating an axial magnetic field in the vicinity of the contact members of the circuit breaker
EP4170692A4 (en) * 2020-06-17 2023-08-09 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Vacuum valve

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2726396A1 (en) 1996-05-03
DE69524363D1 (en) 2002-01-17
CN1075663C (en) 2001-11-28
DE69524363T2 (en) 2002-08-14
ES2167397T3 (en) 2002-05-16
CN1130797A (en) 1996-09-11
FR2726396B1 (en) 1996-12-13
US5861597A (en) 1999-01-19
JPH08212881A (en) 1996-08-20
EP0709867B1 (en) 2001-12-05

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