EP0705669A2 - Screw-press for the extrusion of ceramic masses - Google Patents
Screw-press for the extrusion of ceramic masses Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0705669A2 EP0705669A2 EP95113218A EP95113218A EP0705669A2 EP 0705669 A2 EP0705669 A2 EP 0705669A2 EP 95113218 A EP95113218 A EP 95113218A EP 95113218 A EP95113218 A EP 95113218A EP 0705669 A2 EP0705669 A2 EP 0705669A2
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cylinder
- halves
- wedge
- screw press
- wear inserts
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
- B28B3/20—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein the material is extruded
- B28B3/22—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein the material is extruded by screw or worm
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
- B28B3/20—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein the material is extruded
- B28B3/208—Exchangeable wear parts, e.g. liners
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
- B30B11/22—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor
- B30B11/224—Extrusion chambers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B30—PRESSES
- B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
- B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
- B30B11/22—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor
- B30B11/24—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor using screws or worms
Definitions
- Screw presses for extruding ceramic masses, in particular clay have a screw in a cylindrical housing, the shaft of which is supported and driven in the area of its rear end. It is known to longitudinally split the cylinder of the screw press in order to open it and to be able to clean the inside of the screw press. In the case of horizontal screw presses, it is known for this purpose to have the two cylinder halves about vertical axes to be pivoted so that the cylinder can be opened wide by folding away its two halves.
- the ceramic masses contain abrasive components, it is also known to line the cylinders on the inside of their outer surface with wear inserts; these wear inserts are also referred to as "cylinder jackets". It is known to subsequently fasten such wear inserts in a shell shape with longitudinal edges parallel to the axis to one another on the inside of the cylinder.
- the usual type of fastening uses through screws, which are preferably designed as countersunk screws, the head of which is recessed in the wear inserts and the shaft extends through the cylinder wall and is braced on the outside of the cylinder with a hexagon nut.
- the screw presses are often designed as vacuum extrusion presses in order to be able to degas the ceramic mass.
- the cylinder is part of a vacuum chamber, which is sealed towards the front by the compacted ceramic mass that is jammed in front of the die of the extrusion press and towards the rear, for example, by a stuffing screw.
- the cylinder must be sealed so that a vacuum can build up in between. Since the screws that hold the wear inserts in the cylinder pass through the cylinder wall, the holes for the screws must be sealed.
- There are various known sealing elements for sealing nevertheless, there are always sealing problems, for example because the screw connections loosen during operation of the screw press and then false air can be drawn through the screw holes, which worsens the vacuum.
- the present invention has for its object to provide a screw press in which, on the one hand, the cylinder jackets can be easily dismantled, but on the other hand there is no particular risk that false air is pulled when the screw press is operated as a vacuum extrusion press.
- no ring-shaped wear inserts are used, but rather segments with longitudinal edges parallel to the axis, which are interchangeably attached to the inside of the cylinder halves, in contrast to the conventional art, but not with the aid of screws which penetrate the cylinder, but with the aid of wedge strips that rest on the longitudinal edges of the wear inserts act so that they cannot come loose from the inside of the cylinder and move in the direction of the cylinder axis.
- the wedge ledges prevent the wear inserts from yielding to the torques acting on them, originating from the rotation of the worm and transmitted by the ceramic mass, and from rotating about the longitudinal axis of the cylinder, because the wedge ledges are form-fitting in a suitable, longitudinal wedge groove of the cylinder attached.
- the torques acting on the wear inserts are spread over a large area from the side surfaces of the wedge strips into the Side surfaces of the keyways initiated and hardly stress the fasteners for the key strips.
- the wedge bars can therefore be attached to the cylinder with relatively small screws that do not have to pass through the cylinder but are screwed into blind holes.
- the cylinder therefore has no holes from the inside to the outside through which false air can be drawn.
- the only place that needs to be sealed is the interface between the two cylinder halves.
- axially parallel seals can be provided which, when the two cylinder halves are clamped together, receive the pressure required for a good sealing effect, cannot loosen during operation and can be easily cleaned and replaced as required.
- the wear inserts preferably have a graduated longitudinal edge in such a way that the adjacent longitudinal edges of adjacent wear inserts complement one another to form a keyway, which receive and cover the section of the key strip protruding from the keyway of the cylinder.
- the wedge strip is protected on all sides and in particular is not exposed to the abrasive effect of the ceramic masses, rather the ceramic masses in the cylinder only act on the wear-resistant ones equipped cylinder jackets.
- splines are preferably formed in a corresponding manner for receiving wedge strips, namely in that the longitudinal edges of the cylinder halves are also stepped such that they complement each other to form splines;
- keyways formed in this way there is expediently not only one key strip, but two, preferably identical, key strips next to one another, one of which is screwed to one of the cylinder halves, preferably by tangentially extending screws, the heads of which are countersunk in the key strips. If the two cylinder halves are joined together, the wedge strips lie in pairs on the separating surface of the two cylinder halves and mutually secure the fastening screws against loosening during operation of the screw press.
- the two cylinder halves are separated from each other, they take the wear inserts attached to them so that they are easily lifted off the cohesive mass that is located in the screw flights.
- the wedge strips and their fastening screws which are arranged in the separating surface, are exposed, are easily accessible and can be easily removed. By loosening this in the interface provided wedge strips, the wear inserts are no longer held, but released, and can be easily removed.
- Semi-cylindrical shells can be used as wear inserts, which are held solely by the wedge strips provided in the separating surfaces between the cylinder halves. For reasons of easier handling, however, quarter-cylindrical shells are preferred as wear inserts instead of semi-cylindrical shells; In order to hold this, in addition to the wedge strips, which are located in the separating surfaces between the cylinder halves, a further wedge strip is provided between them, which lies in a longitudinal key groove that runs centrally in the respective cylinder half.
- the wedge ledge located therein is expediently fixed by radial countersunk screws which are screwed into blind holes in the cylinder half.
- This wedge strip is preferably also covered by the wear inserts, in that they also have correspondingly stepped longitudinal edges at this point, which complement each other to form a keyway.
- the wear inserts it would be possible to arrange more than two segments distributed over the circumference of a cylinder half, but the use of wear inserts which extend over a circumferential angle of 90 ° is preferred.
- the inside of the wear inserts facing the cylinder axis can be profiled in a manner known per se, e.g. to form rectangular grooves or to form a sawtooth profile, either longitudinal or helical.
- the inserts can be made of highly wear-resistant cast iron and / or in a rustproof design.
- FIG. 1 An embodiment of the invention is shown in the accompanying drawing, which shows a partially cut and partially broken away front view of a cylinder of a screw press.
- the screw press has a cylinder which is formed from two cylinder halves 1 and 2 which are joined together along a vertical parting surface 3. In order to be able to separate the two cylinder halves 1 and 2 from one another, they are hinged to the base frame 6 of the screw press by means of hinges 4 and 5 and can be pivoted about vertical axes 7 and 8, as a result of which the cylinder can be opened up so that its inner sides are exposed.
- Hinges 4 and 5 are at the rear end of the cylinder.
- the front end of the cylinder which can be seen in the drawing, has an annular flange 9 with axially parallel cylinder bores and threaded bores as well as with two diametrically projecting forks 10 and 11, with the aid of which an unillustrated mouthpiece of the screw press can be flanged to the annular flange.
- the ring flange has partially broken away to make wear inserts 12 to 15 and the way in which they are attached visible.
- the wear inserts 12 to 15 are the same quarter-cylindrical cylinder shells, that is, they extend over a circumferential angle of around 90 °; they have stepped longitudinal edges 16 and 17 which run parallel to the longitudinal axis 18 of the cylinder and complement each other in pairs to form a keyway which is opposite a keyway 19 or 20 in the wall of the cylinder 1, 2.
- the two keyways 19 lying in the area of the separating surface 3 are formed in that the separating surface 3 is designed in a stepped manner, the two steps complementing each other in pairs in the same way as the stepped edges 16 and 17 of the wear inserts 12 to 15 to form the keyway 19.
- the keyways 20 lying in the middle between the keyways 19 are introduced, for example, by milling into the cylinder halves 1 and 2.
- Rectangular key strips 21 lie in the keyways 20; they are screwed to the cylinder halves 1 and 2 by countersunk screws 22, which are screwed into radial blind bores 23 of the cylinder.
- the section of the wedge bar 21 protruding from the keyway 20 lies in the keyway formed by the stepped edges 16 and 17 of the wear inserts 12 to 15 and is thus covered and protected by the wear inserts.
- clamping screws 29 are provided, through which the seals 28 are also pressurized.
- the clamping screws 29 are loosened and the cylinder halves 1 and 2 are pivoted away from one another. Then the wedge strips 24 and 25 and the countersunk screws 26 are exposed. After loosening the Countersunk screws 26, the wedge strips 24 and 25 and the wear inserts 12 to 15 can be easily removed.
- the wear inserts have a sawtooth profile, for example, which counteracts undesired rotation of the ceramic mass under the action of a screw rotating in the cylinder.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung geht aus von einer Schneckenpresse mit den im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 angegebenen Merkmalen. Schneckenpressen zum Extrudieren keramischer Massen, insbesondere von Ton, haben in einem zylindrischen Gehäuse eine Schnecke, deren Welle im Bereich ihres hinterer Endes gelagert und angetrieben ist. Es ist bekannt, den Zylinder der Schneckenpresse längsgeteilt auszubilden, um ihn öffnen und die Schneckenpresse innen reinigen zu können. Bei waagerechten Schneckenpressen ist es zu diesem Zweck bekannt, die beiden Zylinderhälften um senkrechte Achsen verschwenkbar anzubringen, so dass der Zylinder durch Wegklappen seiner beiden Hälften weit geöffnet werden kann. Weil die keramischen Massen abrasive Bestandteile enthalten, ist es ferner bekannt, die Zylinder auf der Innenseite ihrer Mantelfläche mit Verschleißeinsätzen auszukleiden; diese Verschleißeinsätze werden auch als "Zylindermäntel" bezeichnet. Es ist bekannt, solche Verschleißeinsätze in Schalenform mit achsparallelen Längsrändern aneinander anschließend an der Innenseite des Zylinders zu befestigen. Die übliche Befestigungsart verwendet durchgehende Schrauben, die vorzugsweise als Senkschrauben ausgeführt sind, deren Kopf versenkt in den Verschleißeinsätzen liegt und deren Schaft sich durch die Zylinderwand erstreckt und auf der Aussenseite des Zylinders mit einer Sechskantmutter verspannt wird.The invention relates to a screw press with the features specified in the preamble of claim 1. Screw presses for extruding ceramic masses, in particular clay, have a screw in a cylindrical housing, the shaft of which is supported and driven in the area of its rear end. It is known to longitudinally split the cylinder of the screw press in order to open it and to be able to clean the inside of the screw press. In the case of horizontal screw presses, it is known for this purpose to have the two cylinder halves about vertical axes to be pivoted so that the cylinder can be opened wide by folding away its two halves. Because the ceramic masses contain abrasive components, it is also known to line the cylinders on the inside of their outer surface with wear inserts; these wear inserts are also referred to as "cylinder jackets". It is known to subsequently fasten such wear inserts in a shell shape with longitudinal edges parallel to the axis to one another on the inside of the cylinder. The usual type of fastening uses through screws, which are preferably designed as countersunk screws, the head of which is recessed in the wear inserts and the shaft extends through the cylinder wall and is braced on the outside of the cylinder with a hexagon nut.
Die Schneckenpressen sind häufig als Vakuumstrangpressen ausgebildet, um die keramische Masse entgasen zu können. Dann ist der Zylinder Teil einer Vakuumkammer, die nach vorne hin durch die sich vor dem Mundstück der Strangpresse stauende, verdichtete keramische Masse und nach hinten hin z.B. durch eine Stopfschnecke abgeschlossen wird. Damit sich dazwischen ein Vakuum aufbauen kann, muss der Zylinder dicht sein. Da die Schrauben, mit denen die Verschleißeinsätze im Zylinder befestigt sind, durch die Zylinderwand hindurchführen, müssen die Bohrungen für die Schrauben abgedichtet werden. Zur Abdichtung gibt es die unterschiedlichsten bekannten Abdichtungselemente; dennoch gibt es immer wieder Abdichtprobleme, z.B. dadurch, dass sich die Verschraubungen während des Betriebs der Schneckenpresse lockern und dann Falschluft durch die Schraublöcher gezogen werden kann, welche das Vakuum verschlechtert.The screw presses are often designed as vacuum extrusion presses in order to be able to degas the ceramic mass. Then the cylinder is part of a vacuum chamber, which is sealed towards the front by the compacted ceramic mass that is jammed in front of the die of the extrusion press and towards the rear, for example, by a stuffing screw. The cylinder must be sealed so that a vacuum can build up in between. Since the screws that hold the wear inserts in the cylinder pass through the cylinder wall, the holes for the screws must be sealed. There are various known sealing elements for sealing; nevertheless, there are always sealing problems, for example because the screw connections loosen during operation of the screw press and then false air can be drawn through the screw holes, which worsens the vacuum.
Um diesem Nachteil zu begegnen, ist es bekannt, in den Zylinder, wenn dessen beide Hälften miteinander verspannt sind, als Verschleißeinsätze von vorne Ringe einzuschieben, die mittels längs verlaufender Nut- und Federelemente gegen ein Verdrehen im Zylinder gesichert sind. Bohrungen für Befestigungsschrauben, die die Zylinderwand durchqueren, benötigt man bei diesem Aufbau nicht, so dass die damit verbundenen Abdichtprobleme nicht vorhanden sind; dieser Vorteil wird jedoch durch andere schwerwiegende Nachteile erkauft, denn diese Ringe sind nur sehr schwer zu demontieren; wird die Presse durch Wegklappen der Zylinderhälften geöffnet, verbleiben die Ringe auf der Schnecke, und da sie noch kompakt mit verdichtetem Ton gefüllt sind, sitzen sie sehr fest auf der Schnecke, so dass das Abziehen der Ringe umständlich und zeitaufwendig ist.In order to counter this disadvantage, it is known to insert rings from the front as wear inserts into the cylinder, when the two halves are clamped together, which are secured against rotation in the cylinder by means of longitudinal tongue and groove elements. Holes for fastening screws that cross the cylinder wall are not required with this construction, so that the sealing problems associated therewith do not exist; this advantage is, however, bought by other serious disadvantages, because these rings are very difficult to disassemble; If the press is opened by folding away the cylinder halves, the rings remain on the screw, and since they are still compactly filled with compacted clay, they sit very firmly on the screw, so that removing the rings is cumbersome and time-consuming.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Schneckenpresse zu schaffen, bei welcher einerseits die Zylindermäntel leicht demontiert werden können, aber andererseits keine besondere Gefahr besteht, dass Falschluft gezogen wird, wenn die Schneckenpresse als Vakuumstrangpresse betrieben wird.The present invention has for its object to provide a screw press in which, on the one hand, the cylinder jackets can be easily dismantled, but on the other hand there is no particular risk that false air is pulled when the screw press is operated as a vacuum extrusion press.
Diese Aufgabe wird gelöst durch eine Schneckenpresse mit den im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalen. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche.This object is achieved by a screw press with the features specified in claim 1. Advantageous developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.
Erfindungsgemäss werden keine ringförmigen Verschleißeinsätze verwendet, sondern Segmente mit achsparallelen Längsrändern, die auswechselbar an den Innenseiten der Zylinderhälften angebracht sind, im Gegensatz zum üblichen Stand der Technik aber nicht mit Hilfe von Schrauben, welche den Zylinder durchsetzen, sondern mit Hilfe von Keilleisten, die auf die Längsränder der Verschleißeinsätze einwirken, so dass diese sich nicht von der Zylinderinnenseite lösen und in Richtung auf die Zylinderachse bewegen können. Gleichzeitig verhindern die Keilleisten, dass die Verschleißeinsätze den auf sie einwirkenden, von der Rotation der Schnecke ausgehenden und von der keramischen Masse übertragenen Drehmomenten nachgeben und eine Drehbewegung um die Längsachse des Zylinders vollführen, denn die Keilleisten sind formschlüssig in einer passenden, längsverlaufenden Keilnut des Zylinders befestigt. Die auf die Verschleißeinsätze einwirkenden Drehmomente werden auf diese Weise von den Seitenflächen der Keilleisten großflächig in die Seitenflächen der Keilnuten eingeleitet und beanspruchen die Befestigungsmittel für die Keilleisten kaum. Die Keilleisten können deshalb mit relativ kleinen Schrauben, die den Zylinder nicht durchqueren müssen, sondern in Sackbohrungen eingedreht werden, am Zylinder befestigt werden. Der Zylinder weist deshalb keine von innen nach aussen durchgehenden Bohrungen auf, durch die Falschluft gezogen werden könnte. Die einzige Stelle, die abgedichtet werden muss, ist die Trennfläche zwischen den beiden Zylinderhälften. Hier kann man in an sich bekannter Weise achsparallel verlaufende Dichtungen vorsehen, die beim Verspannen der beiden Zylinderhälften miteinander den für eine gute Dichtwirkung erforderlichen Druck erhalten, sich während des Betriebes nicht lockern können und nach Bedarf leicht gereinigt und ausgetauscht werden können.According to the invention, no ring-shaped wear inserts are used, but rather segments with longitudinal edges parallel to the axis, which are interchangeably attached to the inside of the cylinder halves, in contrast to the conventional art, but not with the aid of screws which penetrate the cylinder, but with the aid of wedge strips that rest on the longitudinal edges of the wear inserts act so that they cannot come loose from the inside of the cylinder and move in the direction of the cylinder axis. At the same time, the wedge ledges prevent the wear inserts from yielding to the torques acting on them, originating from the rotation of the worm and transmitted by the ceramic mass, and from rotating about the longitudinal axis of the cylinder, because the wedge ledges are form-fitting in a suitable, longitudinal wedge groove of the cylinder attached. In this way, the torques acting on the wear inserts are spread over a large area from the side surfaces of the wedge strips into the Side surfaces of the keyways initiated and hardly stress the fasteners for the key strips. The wedge bars can therefore be attached to the cylinder with relatively small screws that do not have to pass through the cylinder but are screwed into blind holes. The cylinder therefore has no holes from the inside to the outside through which false air can be drawn. The only place that needs to be sealed is the interface between the two cylinder halves. Here, in a known manner, axially parallel seals can be provided which, when the two cylinder halves are clamped together, receive the pressure required for a good sealing effect, cannot loosen during operation and can be easily cleaned and replaced as required.
Vorzugsweise haben die Verschleißeinsätze einen derart abgestuften Längsrand, dass sich die benachbarten Längsränder benachbarter Verschleißeinsätze zu einer Keilnut ergänzen, welche den aus der Keilnut des Zylinders vorstehenden Abschnitt der Keilleiste aufnehmen und abdecken. Auf diese Weise ist die Keilleiste allseits geschützt und insbesondere der abrasiven Wirkung der keramischen Massen nicht ausgesetzt, vielmehr wirken die keramischen Massen im Zylinder nur auf die verschleißfest ausgerüsteten Zylindermäntel ein.The wear inserts preferably have a graduated longitudinal edge in such a way that the adjacent longitudinal edges of adjacent wear inserts complement one another to form a keyway, which receive and cover the section of the key strip protruding from the keyway of the cylinder. In this way, the wedge strip is protected on all sides and in particular is not exposed to the abrasive effect of the ceramic masses, rather the ceramic masses in the cylinder only act on the wear-resistant ones equipped cylinder jackets.
An den Trennflächen der beiden Zylinderhälften bildet man vorzugsweise auf entsprechende Weise Keilnuten für das Aufnehmen von Keilleisten, nämlich dadurch, dass die Längsränder der Zylinderhälften ebenfalls so abgestuft sind, dass sie sich zu Keilnuten ergänzen; in den so gebildeten Keilnuten liegt dann zweckmässigerweise nicht nur eine Keilleiste, sondern zwei, vorzugsweise gleich ausgebildete, Keilleisten nebeneinander, von denen je eine mit einer der Zylinderhälften verschraubt ist, vorzugsweise durch sich tangential erstreckende Schrauben, deren Köpfe versenkt in den Keilleisten liegen. Werden die beiden Zylinderhälften zusammengefügt, liegen die Keilleisten in der Trennfläche der beiden Zylinderhälften paarweise aufeinander und sichern gegenseitig die Befestigungsschrauben gegen ein Lockern während des Betriebes der Schneckenpresse.On the parting surfaces of the two cylinder halves, splines are preferably formed in a corresponding manner for receiving wedge strips, namely in that the longitudinal edges of the cylinder halves are also stepped such that they complement each other to form splines; In the keyways formed in this way there is expediently not only one key strip, but two, preferably identical, key strips next to one another, one of which is screwed to one of the cylinder halves, preferably by tangentially extending screws, the heads of which are countersunk in the key strips. If the two cylinder halves are joined together, the wedge strips lie in pairs on the separating surface of the two cylinder halves and mutually secure the fastening screws against loosening during operation of the screw press.
Werden die beiden Zylinderhälften voneinander getrennt, dann nehmen sie die an ihnen befestigten Verschleißeinsätze mit, so dass diese leicht von der bindigen Masse, die sich in den Schneckengängen befindet, abgehoben werden. Nach dem Trennen der Zylinderhälften liegen die in der Trennfläche angeordneten Keilleisten und ihre Befestigungsschrauben frei, sind gut zugänglich und können bequem gelöst werden. Durch das Lösen dieser in der Trennfläche vorgesehenen Keilleisten werden die Verschleißeinsätze nicht mehr festgehalten, sondern freigegeben, und lassen sich leicht entnehmen.If the two cylinder halves are separated from each other, they take the wear inserts attached to them so that they are easily lifted off the cohesive mass that is located in the screw flights. After separating the cylinder halves, the wedge strips and their fastening screws, which are arranged in the separating surface, are exposed, are easily accessible and can be easily removed. By loosening this in the interface provided wedge strips, the wear inserts are no longer held, but released, and can be easily removed.
Als Verschleißeinsätze können halbzylindrische Schalen verwendet werden, die allein durch die in den Trennflächen zwischen den Zylinderhälften vorgesehenen Keilleisten gehalten werden. Aus Gründen der leichteren Handhabbarkeit werden jedoch anstelle von halbzylindrischen Schalen viertelzylindrische Schalen als Verschleißeinsätze bevorzugt; um diese zu halten, wird in Ergänzung zu den Keilleisten, welche sich in den Trennflächen zwischen den Zylinderhälften befinden, zwischen ihnen noch eine weitere Keilleiste vorgesehen, welche in einer längs verlaufenden Keilnut liegt, die mittig in der jeweiligen Zylinderhälfte verläuft. Die darin liegende Keilleiste wird zweckmässigerweise durch radiale Senkschrauben fixiert, welche in Sackbohrungen der Zylinderhälfte eingedreht werden. Vorzugsweise wird auch diese Keilleiste von den Verschleißeinsätzen überdeckt, indem diese auch an dieser Stelle entsprechend abgestufte Längsränder haben, die sich zu einer Keilnut ergänzen. Grundsätzlich wäre es möglich, auch mehr als zwei Segmente über den Umfang einer Zylinderhälfte verteilt anzuordnen, doch die Verwendung von Verschleißeinsätzen, die sich über einen Umfangswinkel von 90° erstrecken, wird bevorzugt.Semi-cylindrical shells can be used as wear inserts, which are held solely by the wedge strips provided in the separating surfaces between the cylinder halves. For reasons of easier handling, however, quarter-cylindrical shells are preferred as wear inserts instead of semi-cylindrical shells; In order to hold this, in addition to the wedge strips, which are located in the separating surfaces between the cylinder halves, a further wedge strip is provided between them, which lies in a longitudinal key groove that runs centrally in the respective cylinder half. The wedge ledge located therein is expediently fixed by radial countersunk screws which are screwed into blind holes in the cylinder half. This wedge strip is preferably also covered by the wear inserts, in that they also have correspondingly stepped longitudinal edges at this point, which complement each other to form a keyway. In principle, it would be possible to arrange more than two segments distributed over the circumference of a cylinder half, but the use of wear inserts which extend over a circumferential angle of 90 ° is preferred.
Je nach der Länge des Zylinders können natürlich mehrere einzelne Verschleißeinsätze aufeinanderfolgend eingesetzt sein.Depending on the length of the cylinder, several can of course individual wear inserts can be used in succession.
Die der Zylinderachse zugekehrte Innenseite der Verschleißeinsätze kann in an sich bekannter Weise profiliert sein, z.B. zur Bildung von Rechtecknuten oder zur Bildung eines Sägezahnprofils, entweder längsverlaufend oder wendelförmig verlaufend. Die Einsätze können aus hochverschleißfestem Guß und/oder in rostfreier Ausführungsform eingesetzt werden.The inside of the wear inserts facing the cylinder axis can be profiled in a manner known per se, e.g. to form rectangular grooves or to form a sawtooth profile, either longitudinal or helical. The inserts can be made of highly wear-resistant cast iron and / or in a rustproof design.
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der beigefügten Zeichnung dargestellt, welches eine teilweise geschnittene und teilweise weggebrochene Vorderansicht eines Zylinders einer Schneckenpresse zeigt.An embodiment of the invention is shown in the accompanying drawing, which shows a partially cut and partially broken away front view of a cylinder of a screw press.
Die Schneckenpresse hat einen Zylinder, der aus zwei Zylinderhälften 1 und 2 gebildet ist, die längs einer senkrechten Trennfläche 3 zusammengefügt sind. Um die beiden Zylinderhälften 1 und 2 voneinander trennen zu können, sind sie mittels Scharnieren 4 und 5 am Grundgestell 6 der Schneckenpresse angelenkt und um vertikale Achsen 7 bzw. 8 verschwenkbar, wodurch der Zylinder aufgeklappt werden kann, so dass seine Innenseiten freiliegen.The screw press has a cylinder which is formed from two
Die Scharniere 4 und 5 befinden sich am hinteren Ende des Zylinders. Das vordere Ende des Zylinders, auf welches man in der Zeichnung blickt, hat einen Ringflansch 9 mit achsparallelen Zylinderbohrungen und Gewindebohrungen sowie mit zwei diametral abstehenden Gabeln 10 und 11, mit deren Hilfe an den Ringflansch ein nicht dargestelltes Mundstück der Schneckenpresse angeflanscht werden kann. Der Ringflansch ist teilweise weggebrochen, um Verschleißeinsätze 12 bis 15 und die Art ihrer Befestigung sichtbar zu machen.
Die Verschleißeinsätze 12 bis 15 sind untereinander gleiche viertelzylindrische Zylindermäntel, d.h., sie erstrecken sich über einen Umfangswinkel von rund 90°; sie haben abgestufte Längsränder 16 und 17, welche parallel zur Längsachse 18 des Zylinders verlaufen und sich paarweise zu einer Keilnut ergänzen, welcher eine Keilnut 19 bzw. 20 in der Wand des Zylinders 1, 2 gegenüberliegt. Die beiden im Bereich der Trennfläche 3 liegenden Keilnuten 19 sind dadurch gebildet, dass die Trennfläche 3 abgestuft ausgebildet ist, wobei die beiden Stufen sich in entsprechender Weise wie die abgestuften Ränder 16 und 17 der Verschleißeinsätze 12 bis 15 paarweise zur Keilnut 19 ergänzen. Die in der Mitte zwischen den Keilnuten 19 liegenden Keilnuten 20 sind z.B. durch Fräsen in die Zylinderhälften 1 und 2 eingebracht.The
In den Keilnuten 20 liegen rechteckige Keilleisten 21; sie sind durch Senkschrauben 22, welche in radiale Sackbohrungen 23 des Zylinders eingedreht sind, mit den Zylinderhälften 1 und 2 verschraubt. Der aus der Keilnut 20 vorstehende Abschnitt der Keilleiste 21 liegt in der durch die abgestuften Ränder 16 und 17 der Verschleißeinsätze 12 bis 15 gebildeten Keilnut und wird auf diese Weise von den Verschleißeinsätzen überdeckt und geschützt.
In den Keilnuten 19 liegen jeweils zwei durch die Trennfläche 3 getrennte Keilleisten 24 und 25 nebeneinander; sie sind durch Senkschrauben 26, welche in tangentiale Gewindebohrungen 27 der Zylinderhälften 1 und 2 eingedreht sind, befestigt. Im Bereich zwischen der Keilnut 19 und der Aussenseite des Zylinders 1, 2 befindet sich in der Trennfläche 3 jeweils eine längs verlaufende Dichtung 28, welche den Innenraum des Zylinder in der Trennfläche 3 nach aussen hin wirksam abdichtet.In the
Zum Verspannen der beiden Zylinderhälften 1 und 2 miteinander sind Spannschrauben 29 vorgesehen, durch welche auch die Dichtungen 28 unter Druck gesetzt werden.To clamp the two
Zum Öffnen des Zylinders werden die Spannschrauben 29 gelöst und die Zylinderhälften 1 und 2 voneinander weggeschwenkt. Danach liegen die Keilleisten 24 und 25 sowie die Senkschrauben 26 frei. Nach dem Lösen der Senkschrauben 26 können die Keilleisten 24 und 25 sowie die Verschleißeinsätze 12 bis 15 leicht entnommen werden.To open the cylinder, the
Im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel haben die Verschleißeinsätze beispielsweise ein Sägezahnprofil, welches einem unerwünschten Mitdrehen der keramischen Masse unter der Wirkung einer sich im Zylinder drehenden Schnecke entgegenwirkt.In the exemplary embodiment shown, the wear inserts have a sawtooth profile, for example, which counteracts undesired rotation of the ceramic mass under the action of a screw rotating in the cylinder.
Claims (6)
mit einem Zylinder (1, 2), welcher längs in zwei Hälften (1, 2) geteilt ist, die voneinander trennbar sind,
mit einer im Zylinder (1, 2) koaxial zu dessen Längsachse (18) angeordneten Schnecke,
und mit einem oder mehreren an den Hälften (1, 2) des Zylinders innen auswechselbar angebrachten Verschleißeinsätzen (12 bis 15), die achsparallele Längsränder (16, 17) haben,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verschleißeinsätze (12 - 15) an ihren Längsrändern (16, 17) durch Keilleisten (20; 24, 25) gehalten sind, die gegen Drehbewegungen um die Längsachse (18) des Zylinders (1, 2) formschlüssig in einer passenden Keilnut (19, 20) des Zylinders (1, 2) befestigt sind.Screw press for extruding ceramic masses
with a cylinder (1, 2) which is divided longitudinally into two halves (1, 2) which are separable from each other,
with a screw arranged coaxially to its longitudinal axis (18) in the cylinder (1, 2),
and with one or more wear inserts (12 to 15) which are interchangeably attached to the halves (1, 2) of the cylinder and have axially parallel longitudinal edges (16, 17),
characterized in that the wear inserts (12 - 15) are held at their longitudinal edges (16, 17) by wedge strips (20; 24, 25), which form-fit in one against rotational movements about the longitudinal axis (18) of the cylinder (1, 2) matching keyway (19, 20) of the cylinder (1, 2) are attached.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4435248 | 1994-10-04 | ||
| DE4435248A DE4435248C1 (en) | 1994-10-04 | 1994-10-04 | Worm extruder for ceramic material |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0705669A2 true EP0705669A2 (en) | 1996-04-10 |
| EP0705669A3 EP0705669A3 (en) | 1996-11-20 |
| EP0705669B1 EP0705669B1 (en) | 1999-09-29 |
Family
ID=6529792
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP95113218A Expired - Lifetime EP0705669B1 (en) | 1994-10-04 | 1995-08-23 | Screw-press for the extrusion of ceramic masses |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0705669B1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE4435248C1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2139127T3 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0909633A2 (en) * | 1997-10-14 | 1999-04-21 | Händle Gmbh | Screw-press for the extrusion of ceramic masses |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19744629A1 (en) * | 1997-10-09 | 1999-04-15 | Kema Gmbh Maschinen Umwelttech | Screw press |
| CN114770730B (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-08-23 | 福建省德化嘉辉艺品有限公司 | Ceramic raw material pugging machine for ceramic processing |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE179415C (en) * | ||||
| SU946945A1 (en) * | 1979-03-02 | 1982-07-30 | Харьковский Ордена "Знак Почета" Машиностроительный Завод "Красный Октябрь" | Screw press housing |
| DD243670B1 (en) * | 1985-10-15 | 1989-08-09 | Karl Marx Stadt Maschf | CYLINDER WITH WEARING BUSHING FOR DOUBLE SCREW EXTRUDERS |
| DE4226350A1 (en) * | 1991-08-27 | 1993-03-04 | Barmag Barmer Maschf | Single screw extruder for processing high viscosity thermoplastics - has grooved bush inside pressure resistant sleeve with spiral cooling channel on outer surface covered by two=part jacket |
-
1994
- 1994-10-04 DE DE4435248A patent/DE4435248C1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1995
- 1995-08-23 DE DE59506939T patent/DE59506939D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-08-23 ES ES95113218T patent/ES2139127T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-08-23 EP EP95113218A patent/EP0705669B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| None |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0909633A2 (en) * | 1997-10-14 | 1999-04-21 | Händle Gmbh | Screw-press for the extrusion of ceramic masses |
| EP0909633A3 (en) * | 1997-10-14 | 1999-05-26 | Händle Gmbh | Screw-press for the extrusion of ceramic masses |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE59506939D1 (en) | 1999-11-04 |
| DE4435248C1 (en) | 1995-11-23 |
| ES2139127T3 (en) | 2000-02-01 |
| EP0705669B1 (en) | 1999-09-29 |
| EP0705669A3 (en) | 1996-11-20 |
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