EP0704874B1 - Differential circuit breaker associated with one or more circuit protection elements such as fuse units or circuit breakers - Google Patents
Differential circuit breaker associated with one or more circuit protection elements such as fuse units or circuit breakers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0704874B1 EP0704874B1 EP19950410094 EP95410094A EP0704874B1 EP 0704874 B1 EP0704874 B1 EP 0704874B1 EP 19950410094 EP19950410094 EP 19950410094 EP 95410094 A EP95410094 A EP 95410094A EP 0704874 B1 EP0704874 B1 EP 0704874B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- switch
- protection elements
- terminals
- circuit
- differential
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
- H01H71/08—Terminals; Connections
- H01H71/082—Connections between juxtaposed circuit breakers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H83/00—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current
- H01H83/20—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current operated by excess current as well as by some other abnormal electrical condition
- H01H83/22—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current operated by excess current as well as by some other abnormal electrical condition the other condition being unbalance of two or more currents or voltages
- H01H83/226—Protective switches, e.g. circuit-breaking switches, or protective relays operated by abnormal electrical conditions otherwise than solely by excess current operated by excess current as well as by some other abnormal electrical condition the other condition being unbalance of two or more currents or voltages with differential transformer
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
- H01H11/0006—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches for converting electric switches
- H01H11/0031—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches for converting electric switches for allowing different types or orientation of connections to contacts
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a differential switch connected in series to one or more protective elements such as fuse or circuit breaker circuit breakers, the switch and the aforementioned protective elements being housed in housings having two narrow faces opposite with input or output connection terminals, and two side walls opposite by which said boxes are joined two by two, the downstream connection terminals of the switch being electrically connected to the upstream connection terminals of the protection.
- protective elements such as fuse or circuit breaker circuit breakers
- the power supply of the switch and of the protective elements of the kind previously mentioned is carried out in a known manner. from above or below depending on the country of use, via cables. And, when all of these are arranged on a same rail, the connection of the switch output terminals to the input terminals of the protective elements, require a delicate passage of the cables from the bottom to the top (or inversely from the top to the bottom, in the case of feeding from the bottom), which results in a large overall size and not very easy to assemble.
- Document FR-A-2 375 740 describes an electrical protection system comprising a differential device fitted in series with several protection devices.
- the housing of the differential device comprises on one of its lateral faces, two input terminals and two output terminals, said terminals being located on the same side, relative to the rail, as the protection device input terminals. So in this document. the downstream connection of the differential device can only be carried out on one side of the rail.
- the present invention solves these problems and proposes a differential switch associated with a or several protective elements, of reduced size and facilitating the work of the fitter.
- the downstream connection of the switch can be made on either side of the rail.
- the present invention relates to a switch according to claim 1.
- the output terminals of the switch and the protective element input terminals are located on the supply side of the switch.
- the switch housing has the same number of terminals of outlet on its two opposite sides, so as to allow connection to the comb of a either side of the boxes.
- the housing of the switch further comprises a same number of input terminals on its two opposite narrow faces.
- the aforementioned protective elements comprise at least a fuse circuit breaker and / or at least one circuit breaker.
- the switch and the protective elements are of the type unipolar and neutral.
- Figure 1 illustrates in a schematic view, a unipolar differential switch and neutral associated with two single-pole and neutral circuit breakers, in accordance with one embodiment particular of the invention.
- FIGS 2, 3 and 4 respectively illustrate, also in schematic views, three other embodiments of the differential switch of the invention.
- FIG 1 we see a unipolar and neutral switch I of the type generally used for the protection of several electrical circuits, associated with two single-pole circuit breakers and neutral D, E.
- This switch I and its associated circuit breakers D, E are each housed in a housing 1, 2, 3 of parallelepiped shape having two opposite narrow faces 1a, 1b; 2a, 2b; 3a, 3b on which connection terminals are located, and two side faces opposite 1c, 1d; 2c, 2d; 3c, 3d by which the different elements are coupled.
- the two circuit breakers D, E have two connection terminals for phase input and neutral 4.5 and 6.7 located on their upper narrow face 2a, 3a and two connection terminals of phase and neutral output 8, 9 and 10, 11 located on their lower narrow face 2b, 3b.
- the upper face 1a of the housing 1 of the switch I has two input terminals 12, 13 respectively for phase and neutral and two output terminals 14, 15 also of phase and neutral, and these two terminals of outputs 14 and 15 are separated by a distance (a) corresponding to the distance between the input terminals 4, 5 and 6, 7 of circuit breakers D, E, which terminals are located on the narrow upper faces 2a, 3a of the boxes 2, 3.
- the assembly is placed on a DIN rail (not shown).
- the electrical connection between the output terminals 14, 15 of the switch I and the input terminals 4, 5 and 6, 7 of the circuit breakers E, D is produced by via a standard unipolar and neutral connection comb P connected to the output terminals 14, 15 of switch I and input terminals 4 to 7 of circuit breakers E, D.
- the output terminals 8 to 11 of the circuit breakers E, D are connected to the corresponding terminals electrical equipment located downstream (not shown), and the input terminals 12, 13 of switch I are connected to power cables C.
- the differential switch I has four connection terminals 12 to 15 on its upper narrow face 1a and 4 connection terminals 12a to 15a on its lower narrow face 1b, so as to allow supply of said switch I and of circuit breakers E, D, optionally from the top or from the bottom.
- This embodiment of a double-bound switch allows quick connection by modular cabinet.
- the differential switch I has two input terminals 12, 13 and two output terminals 14, 15 on the upper face narrow the housing 1, as well as two output terminals 14a, 15a on the narrow underside 1b of said housing 1.
- the connection of the comb P and therefore the supply of the circuit breakers E, D can be made either from above or from below.
- circuit breakers could have been used in combination with a differential switch, such as for example fuse holders or other.
Description
La présente invention concerne un interrupteur différentiel relié en série à un ou plusieurs éléments de protection tels des coupe-circuits à fusibles ou disjoncteurs, l'interrupteur et les éléments de protection précités étant logés dans des boítiers présentant deux faces étroites opposées comportant des bornes de connexion d'entrée ou de sortie, et deux parois latérales opposées par lesquelles lesdits boítiers sont accolés deux à deux, les bornes de connexion aval de l'interrupteur étant reliées électriquement aux bornes de connexion amont des éléments de protection.The present invention relates to a differential switch connected in series to one or more protective elements such as fuse or circuit breaker circuit breakers, the switch and the aforementioned protective elements being housed in housings having two narrow faces opposite with input or output connection terminals, and two side walls opposite by which said boxes are joined two by two, the downstream connection terminals of the switch being electrically connected to the upstream connection terminals of the protection.
L'alimentation de l'interrupteur et des éléments de protection du genre précédemment mentionné s'effectue de manière connue. par le haut ou par le bas en fonction du pays d'utilisation, par l'intermédiaire de câbles. Et, lorsque tous ces éléments sont disposés sur un même rail, le raccordement des bornes de sortie de l'interrupteur aux bornes d'entrée des éléments de protection, nécessitent un passage délicat des câbles du bas vers le haut (ou inversement du haut vers le bas, en cas d'alimentation par le bas), d'où il résulte un encombrement important de l'ensemble et un montage peu aisé.The power supply of the switch and of the protective elements of the kind previously mentioned is carried out in a known manner. from above or below depending on the country of use, via cables. And, when all of these are arranged on a same rail, the connection of the switch output terminals to the input terminals of the protective elements, require a delicate passage of the cables from the bottom to the top (or inversely from the top to the bottom, in the case of feeding from the bottom), which results in a large overall size and not very easy to assemble.
Le document FR-A-2 375 740 décrit un système de protection électrique comprenant un appareil différentiel monté en série avec plusieurs dispositifs de protection. Le boítier de l'appareil différentiel comporte sur l'une de ses faces latérales, deux bornes d'entreé et deux bornes de sortie, lesdites bornes étant situées d'un même côté, par rapport au rail, que les bornes d'entrée des dispositifs de protection. Ainsi, dans ce document. le raccordement aval de l'appareil différentiel ne peut être réalisé que d'un seul côté du rail.Document FR-A-2 375 740 describes an electrical protection system comprising a differential device fitted in series with several protection devices. The housing of the differential device comprises on one of its lateral faces, two input terminals and two output terminals, said terminals being located on the same side, relative to the rail, as the protection device input terminals. So in this document. the downstream connection of the differential device can only be carried out on one side of the rail.
La présente invention résout ces problèmes et propose un interrupteur différentiel associé à un ou plusieurs éléments de protection, d'encombrement réduit et facilitant le travail du monteur. le raccordement aval de l'interrupteur pouvant être réalisé d'un côté ou de l'autre du rail.The present invention solves these problems and proposes a differential switch associated with a or several protective elements, of reduced size and facilitating the work of the fitter. the downstream connection of the switch can be made on either side of the rail.
A cet effet, la présente invention a pour objet un interrupteur selon la revendication 1. To this end, the present invention relates to a switch according to
Selon une réalisation particulière de l'invention, les bornes de sortie de l'interrupteur et les bornes d'entrée des éléments de protection sont situées du côté d'alimentation de l'interrupteur.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the output terminals of the switch and the protective element input terminals are located on the supply side of the switch.
Avantageusement, le boítier de l'interrupteur comporte un même nombre de bornes de sortie sur ses deux faces opposées, de manière à permettre le raccordement au peigne d'un côté ou de l'autre des boítiers.Advantageously, the switch housing has the same number of terminals of outlet on its two opposite sides, so as to allow connection to the comb of a either side of the boxes.
Selon une caractéristique particulière, le boítier de l'interrupteur comporte en outre un même nombre de bornes d'entrée sur ses deux faces étroites opposées.According to a particular characteristic, the housing of the switch further comprises a same number of input terminals on its two opposite narrow faces.
Selon une autre caractéristique, les éléments de protection précités comprennent au moins un coupe-circuit à fusibles et/ou au moins un disjoncteur.According to another characteristic, the aforementioned protective elements comprise at least a fuse circuit breaker and / or at least one circuit breaker.
Selon une autre caractéristique, l'interrupteur et les éléments de protection sont du type unipolaire et neutre.According to another characteristic, the switch and the protective elements are of the type unipolar and neutral.
Mais d'autres avantages et caractéristiques de l'invention apparaítront mieux dans la description détaillée qui suit et se réfère aux dessins annexés donnés uniquement à titre d'exemple et dans lesquels :But other advantages and characteristics of the invention will appear better in the detailed description which follows and refers to the appended drawings given only as a example and in which:
La figure 1 illustre dans une vue schématique, un interrupteur différentiel unipolaire et neutre associé à deux disjoncteurs unipolaires et neutres, conformément à une réalisation particulière de l'invention.Figure 1 illustrates in a schematic view, a unipolar differential switch and neutral associated with two single-pole and neutral circuit breakers, in accordance with one embodiment particular of the invention.
Les figures 2, 3 et 4 illustrent respectivement, également dans des vues schématiques, trois autres réalisations de l'interrupteur différentiel de l'invention.Figures 2, 3 and 4 respectively illustrate, also in schematic views, three other embodiments of the differential switch of the invention.
Sur la figure 1, on voit un interrupteur unipolaire et neutre I du genre généralement utilisé
pour la protection de plusieurs circuits électriques, associé à deux disjoncteurs unipolaire et
neutre D, E. Cet interrupteur I et ses disjoncteurs associés D, E sont logés chacun dans un
boítier 1, 2, 3 de forme parallélépipédique comportant deux faces étroites opposées 1a, 1b;
2a, 2b; 3a, 3b sur lesquelles sont situées des bornes de connexion, et deux faces latérales
opposées 1c, 1d; 2c, 2d; 3c, 3d par lesquelles les différents éléments sont accouplés. Ainsi,
les deux disjoncteurs D, E comportent deux bornes de connexion d'entrée de phase et de
neutre 4,5 et 6,7 situées sur leur face étroite supérieure 2a, 3a et deux bornes de connexion
de sortie de phase et de neutre 8, 9 et 10, 11 situées sur leur face étroite inférieure 2b, 3b.
Conformément à une réalisation de l'invention, la face supérieure 1a du boítier 1 de
l'interrupteur I comporte deux bornes d'entrée 12, 13 respectivement de phase et de neutre
et deux bornes de sortie 14, 15 également de phase et de neutre, et ces deux bornes de
sortie 14 et 15 sont séparées d'une distance (a) correspondant à la distance séparant les
bornes d'entrée 4, 5 et 6, 7 des disjoncteurs D, E, lesquelles bornes sont situées sur les
faces étroites supérieures 2a, 3a des boítiers 2, 3. Lors du montage, l'ensemble est placé sur
un rail DIN (non représenté). La liaison électrique entre les bornes de sortie 14, 15 de
l'interrupteur I et les bornes d'entrée 4, 5 et 6, 7 des disjoncteurs E, D est réalisée par
l'intermédiaire d'un peigne P de raccordement unipolaire et neutre standard branché sur les
bornes de sortie 14, 15 de l'interrupteur I et les bornes d'entrée 4 à 7 des disjoncteurs E, D.
Les bornes de sortie 8 à 11 des disjoncteurs E, D sont reliées aux bornes correspondantes
des appareillages électriques situés en aval (non représentés), et les bornes d'entrée 12, 13
de l'interrupteur I sont reliées à des câbles d'alimentation C.In Figure 1, we see a unipolar and neutral switch I of the type generally used
for the protection of several electrical circuits, associated with two single-pole circuit breakers and
neutral D, E. This switch I and its associated circuit breakers D, E are each housed in a
Sur la figure 2, on voit un interrupteur différentiel dont les deux bornes d'entrée 12, 13 et
les deux bornes de sortie 14, 15 sont disposées sur la face étroite inférieure 1b du boítier 1,
permettant un branchement du peigne P et une alimentation dudit interrupteur I par le bas.In Figure 2, we see a differential switch whose two
Sur la figure 3, selon une autre réalisation de l'invention, l'interrupteur différentiel I
comporte quatre bornes de connexion 12 à 15 sur sa face étroite supérieure la et quatre
bornes de connexion 12a à 15a sur sa face étroite inférieure 1b, de manière à permettre une
alimentation dudit interrupteur I et des disjoncteurs E, D, au choix par le haut ou par le bas.
Cette réalisation d'un interrupteur à double bornage permet un raccordement rapide en
coffret modulaire.In FIG. 3, according to another embodiment of the invention, the differential switch I
has four
Sur la figure 4, selon encore une autre réalisation de l'invention, l'interrupteur différentiel I
comporte deux bornes d'entrée 12, 13 et deux bornes de sortie 14, 15 sur la face supérieure
étroite la du boítier 1, ainsi que deux bornes de sortie 14a, 15a sur la face inférieure étroite
1b dudit boítier 1. Ainsi, si l'alimentation de l'interrupteur I s'effectue obligatoirement par
la haut, le branchement du peigne P et donc l'alimentation des disjoncteurs E, D peuvent
être réalisés au choix par le haut ou bien par le bas.In FIG. 4, according to yet another embodiment of the invention, the differential switch I
has two
On notera que d'autres éléments de protection que des disjoncteurs auraient pu être utilisés en association avec un interrupteur différentiel, tels que par exemple des porte-fusibles ou autres.It should be noted that other protective elements than circuit breakers could have been used in combination with a differential switch, such as for example fuse holders or other.
On a donc réalisé grâce à l'invention, un interrupteur différentiel associé à des éléments de protection de circuit permettant l'utilisation de peignes existants standard sans l'aide d'autres liaisons difficiles à câbler, ce qui diminue l'encombrement de l'ensemble et facilite le travail du monteur.Thanks to the invention, therefore, a differential switch associated with elements of circuit protection allowing the use of standard existing combs without assistance other connections difficult to wire, which reduces the overall size and facilitates the work of the fitter.
Bien entendu l'invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de réalisation décrits et illustrés qui n'ont été donnés qu'à titre d'exemple.Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described and illustrated which have been given by way of example only.
Claims (5)
- A differential switch (I) designed to be connected in series to one or more protection elements (2, 3), in particular fuse cut-outs or circuit breakers, the switch (I) and the protection elements (2, 3) being housed in cases presenting two opposite narrow faces (1a, 1b; 2a, 2b) comprising input connection terminals (12, 13; 4, 5) or output connection terminals (14, 15; 8, 9), and two opposite side walls (1c, 1d; 2c, 2d) by which said cases are adjoined two by two, the output terminals (14, 15) of the switch (I) being electrically connected to the input terminals (4, 5) of the protection elements, characterized in that the case (1) of the switch (I) comprises the same number of output terminals (14, 15 and 14a, 15a) on its two opposite faces (1a, 1b), these output terminals (14, 15, 14a, 15a) being separated two by two by a preset distance (a) corresponding to the distance separating the input terminals (4 to 7) from the protection elements (E, D), so as to enable connection of said output terminals (14, 15, 14a, 15a) to said input terminals (4 to 7) by means of a standard comb (P) situated on one side or the other of the cases (1, 2, 3).
- The switch according to claim 1, characterized in that the case (1) of the switch (I) comprises in addition the same number of input terminals (12, 13, 12a, 13a) on its two opposite narrow faces (1a, 1b).
- The switch according to either one of the foregoing claims, characterized in that the above-mentioned protection elements (E, D) comprise at least one fuse-holder.
- The switch according to any one of the foregoing claims, characterized in that the above-mentioned protection elements comprise at least one circuit breaker (E, D).
- The switch according to any one of the foregoing claims, characterized in that the switch (I) and protection elements (E, D) are of the single-pole plus neutral type.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9411700 | 1994-09-28 | ||
| FR9411700A FR2725071B1 (en) | 1994-09-28 | 1994-09-28 | DIFFERENTIAL SWITCH ASSOCIATED WITH ONE OR MORE CIRCUIT PROTECTIVE ELEMENTS SUCH AS FUSE OR CIRCUIT BREAKERS |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0704874A1 EP0704874A1 (en) | 1996-04-03 |
| EP0704874B1 true EP0704874B1 (en) | 1999-12-01 |
Family
ID=9467450
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19950410094 Expired - Lifetime EP0704874B1 (en) | 1994-09-28 | 1995-09-05 | Differential circuit breaker associated with one or more circuit protection elements such as fuse units or circuit breakers |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0704874B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1054232C (en) |
| AU (1) | AU703732B2 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69513613T2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2139864T3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2725071B1 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2177668C2 (en) |
| TR (1) | TR199501178A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2787917B1 (en) * | 1998-12-23 | 2001-03-16 | Schneider Electric Ind Sa | ELECTRICAL APPARATUS SUCH AS A CIRCUIT BREAKER OR MODULAR SWITCH |
| EP1901328B1 (en) * | 2006-09-18 | 2012-09-12 | Hager Electro S.A.S. | Protection unit |
| FR2920911B1 (en) * | 2007-09-11 | 2010-02-19 | Schneider Electric Ind Sas | ELECTRICAL DEVICE WITH DIFFERENTIAL PROTECTION |
| KR200477244Y1 (en) * | 2011-02-22 | 2015-05-22 | 엘에스산전 주식회사 | Circuit breaker |
| CN102523709B (en) * | 2011-11-23 | 2015-05-13 | 波普电气有限公司 | Electronic device with shell equipped with input and output terminals on same side |
| FR3103626B1 (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2022-07-08 | Hager Electro Sas | Electromechanical system for interrupting an electric current |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NL7614248A (en) * | 1976-12-22 | 1978-06-26 | Nl Weber Mij | SCHEME FOR PROTECTION OF AN ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION IN A BUILDING. |
| FR2427679A1 (en) * | 1978-05-29 | 1979-12-28 | Merlin Gerin | LV multipole circuit breaker - has modules, two per pole and interconnected on side opposite to input and output cables |
| DE2842427A1 (en) * | 1978-09-29 | 1980-04-17 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | INSTALLATION DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM |
| DE2843858A1 (en) * | 1978-10-07 | 1980-04-17 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | BUSBAR SYSTEM FOR CONNECTING ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION EQUIPMENT |
| FR2537358A1 (en) * | 1982-12-07 | 1984-06-08 | Telemecanique Electrique | OMNIBUS BAR CONNECTION DEVICE |
| DE8801539U1 (en) * | 1988-02-08 | 1988-03-31 | Baer Elektrowerke Gmbh & Co Kg, 5885 Schalksmuehle, De | |
| FR2644300B1 (en) * | 1989-03-10 | 1991-05-10 | Merlin Gerin | DEVICE FOR ASSEMBLING AND COMBINING MODULAR ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES |
| DE4013223C2 (en) * | 1990-04-26 | 1999-02-11 | Abb Patent Gmbh | Power supply terminal |
| FR2685563B1 (en) * | 1991-12-18 | 1994-05-20 | Legrand | OMNIBUS BAR FOR PARALLEL SUPPLY OF MODULAR ELECTRICAL APPLIANCES. |
| CN1331017C (en) * | 2005-03-23 | 2007-08-08 | 联想(北京)有限公司 | Safety chip |
-
1994
- 1994-09-28 FR FR9411700A patent/FR2725071B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1995
- 1995-09-05 DE DE1995613613 patent/DE69513613T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-09-05 ES ES95410094T patent/ES2139864T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-09-05 EP EP19950410094 patent/EP0704874B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-09-26 AU AU32894/95A patent/AU703732B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1995-09-27 RU RU95116584/09A patent/RU2177668C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-09-28 TR TR95/01178A patent/TR199501178A2/en unknown
- 1995-09-28 CN CN95117704A patent/CN1054232C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE69513613T2 (en) | 2000-05-31 |
| RU2177668C2 (en) | 2001-12-27 |
| AU3289495A (en) | 1996-04-18 |
| TR199501178A2 (en) | 1996-06-21 |
| ES2139864T3 (en) | 2000-02-16 |
| FR2725071A1 (en) | 1996-03-29 |
| AU703732B2 (en) | 1999-04-01 |
| CN1054232C (en) | 2000-07-05 |
| EP0704874A1 (en) | 1996-04-03 |
| FR2725071B1 (en) | 1996-12-13 |
| CN1127929A (en) | 1996-07-31 |
| DE69513613D1 (en) | 2000-01-05 |
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