Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
  • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
  • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
  • E06B3/32—Arrangements of wings characterised by the manner of movement; Arrangements of movable wings in openings; Features of wings or frames relating solely to the manner of movement of the wing
  • E06B3/48—Wings connected at their edges, e.g. foldable wings
  • E06B3/485—Sectional doors
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
  • E05D—HINGES OR SUSPENSION DEVICES FOR DOORS, WINDOWS OR WINGS
  • E05D15/00—Suspension arrangements for wings
  • E05D15/16—Suspension arrangements for wings for wings sliding vertically more or less in their own plane
  • E05D15/24—Suspension arrangements for wings for wings sliding vertically more or less in their own plane consisting of parts connected at their edges
  • E05D15/242—Hinge connections between the parts
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
  • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
  • E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
  • E06B9/02—Shutters, movable grilles, or other safety closing devices, e.g. against burglary
  • E06B9/08—Roll-type closures
  • E06B9/11—Roller shutters
  • E06B9/15—Roller shutters with closing members formed of slats or the like
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
  • E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
  • E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
  • E05Y2900/10—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for buildings or parts thereof
  • E05Y2900/106—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for buildings or parts thereof for garages

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a hinge arrangement for a hoist door leaf, made up from several, horizontally extending sections, two by two pivotally connected by means of the hinge arrangement.
• Hoist door leaves of this type have hitherto been assembled by means of hinges formed by two links revolving about a common shaft.
• the links are fixed to each side of two, hingewise connected sections, a hinge being arranged at each end of said sections together with a suitable number being distributed along the distance therebetween.
• the door leaf is guided by rails extending vertically upwards along the sides of the frame contiguous, via a curved section, with a horizontal or inclined section.
• the hinges are usually arranged on the rear side of the door leaf; when the sections, during hoisting or lowering pass the curved section and rotate relative to one another, a gap may open up between two hinged sections, this gap having a size allowing a person to introduce his or her fingers at no hindrance. This may happen accidentally, but may also occur in an attempt to close the door by pulling one section downwards. If this attempt succeeds, the edges of the sections will close around the fingers, causing injury or crushing them.
• European patent application no. 0 326 131 suggest the use of rearwardly extending wings for shielding off the dangerous (squeezing) hinge along the sides thereof.
• This solution leads to a rather complicated and expensive hinge structure, which at the same time is vulnerable, the wings being exposed to bending during the daily operation, resulting in a blocking of the hinge.
• the hinge being mounted on the rear side of the sections, the size of the radii of the cylindrical surfaces is essentially of the same magnitude as the width as the edges; these comparatively large radii results in the cylindrical surfaces joining the sides of the sections at an acute angle forming thin and fragile noses that are easily deformed when subjected to occasional external, mechanical loads. If such a fragile nose is forced inwards, the result may be that the door will not open or close at all, or only with difficulty.
• Another structure comprises stepped edges and offset hinges, displacing the axis of swinging a small distance towards the interior of the sections, relative to their rear side.
• the rear sides of the superjacent sections have been extended all the way down to the sockets of the hinges to ensure that fingers may not be inserted behind the dangerous (squeezing) hinge and get caught when closing the door.
• the axis of swinging is this manner has been displaced towards the interior of the sections, the particular stepping of the opposite faces of the sections lead to very pointed and vulnerable noses forming at the transition between the edges and the sides.
• the hoist leaf is hoisted or lowered using a wire system acting on the lowermost section of the door.
• the force required to open the door is subsequently transmitted from section to section via the hinges. Consequently, the hinges are exposed to significant loads, requiring heavy dimensions or causing limited service life.
• the sections are generally produced from generally thin sheets of aluminium carrying an intermediate, foamed layer.
• This sandwich-structure does not by itself provide a reliable hold for the links of the hinges. Consequently, the hinge joints are generally considered a weak part in door structures of this type.
• hinge joints have been devised, whereby the edges themselves fully, or partially form the hinge.
• the hub is provided with a cut-out portion that allowing the shaft to be moved laterally into the bearing part, when the two sections to be joined by the hinge form a relatively large included angle. Consequently, this door structure is mounted and dismounted with difficulty Moreover, since the bearing part, to allow for such a mounting, extends for a little more than 180° only, in section, there is a risk of the shaft being forced out of engagement with the bearing part when the door leaf is exposed to external loads, due to e.g.. wind forces.
• the hinged connection may be fully finger (squeezing) -safe but in this case too, there is a gap that may become full of dirt and cleaning involves a great effort.
• the present invention provides a hinge arrangement as mentioned in the introduction, which at one time imparts to a hoist door leaf the properties of being safe against fingers getting caught and squeezed, is not prone to be restrained by dirt accumulating between the adjacent edges of hinged sections, is strong and stable in all positions when subjected to external as well as internal forces, and at the same time is easily mounted and dismounted.
• the hinge arrangement in combination comprises: a lateral hinge arranged at the edge at the ends of each of the two sections, said hinges connecting the two sections and in combination defining an axis of swinging in the area between their side planes; a concave and a convex, cylindrical surface, the two having generally identical radii of curvature and axes coincident with the axis of swinging, and being formed on each of the edges of opposite sections, said concave cylindrical surface extending over an angle of less than 180° along at least a greater part of the width of the respective edge; and one or several slideways connecting, along the distance between the lateral hinges, the rear part of the two sections, said slideways each comprising at least one track and at least one guiding element slidably engaging the track to perform a backwards and forwards movement relative thereto, as the sections are caused to swing relative to one another during the hoisting and lowering of the door leaf.
• the axis of swinging may be arranged in an area close to the central plane of the sections, but slightly off-set relative to said plane, towards their rear.
• the axis of swinging is determined by the lateral hinges arranged at the edges at the ends of the sections, together with the bearing formed by the cylindrical surfaces.
• the axis of swinging is fixed in the vicinity of the edges at the ends of the sections by the lateral hinges; this effect, however, fades out depending upon the distance from the lateral hinges, the sections being somewhat flexible.
• the bearing formed by the cylindrical surface itself is not sufficient to provide for a stable, determined structure at all angular positions. This stability is ensured by means of the slideways fixing the sections mutually at all positions of swinging.
• the guiding track of each slideway may comprise a groove or a slit formed in a protruding part of one of the two sections and guided by a pin or a roller being directly or indirectly connected to the other section.
• the slideway may comprise a bracket extending outwardly from the rear side of one of the two sections and having a groove or slit forming the guiding track, the slideway further comprising a hinge having a first link secured to the other section and a second link carrying a pin or a roller forming the guide.
• a supporting member may be arranged on the bracket.
• This supporting member may take the form of a supporting pin, or a supporting roller.
• a supporting surface may be arranged on the free link of the hinge, said surface being configured to contact the supporting member, preferably at all the mutual angular positions that the two sections may take relative to one another.
• the slideway may comprise two brackets formed as segments projecting one above the other from the rear side of each of two sections, respectively, each having a guiding track formed as a groove or slit extending along a curved path centred at the axis of swinging, the slideway further comprising a holder carrying to guides formed as pins or rollers engaging each guiding track.
• each hinge comprising, for this purpose, two links attached to a respective end of the two sections. From these respective ends, the links project past one another, extending into a region where they overlap. In this region of overlap, the links are provided with bearings with axes coincident with the axis of swinging and in which a shaft is accommodated, rotatably relative to both or just one of the bearings.
• a .bearing joint is formed which becomes particularly strong and resistant when the links of the hinge are formed as sheets or plates each provided with circular recesses in the region of overlap, the axes of said recesses being coincident with the axis of swinging, said recesses being inserted into one another such that the innermost recess forms a pivot while the outermost recess provides a bearing for said pivot.
• this cylindrical surface is placed on the upper, and the convex cylindrical surface on the lower, of the adjoining edges of the two sections.
• the sections are normally manufactured carrying an external skin made of metal, e.g.. aluminium, which could give rise to a significant frictional force when the two cylindrical surfaces slide on one another.
• a shell made of e.g.. a plastics material having a low frictional coefficient may be placed on one or both of the cylindrical surfaces.
• an elastomeric sealing strip may be fixed onto at least one of said surfaces.
• Fig. 1 shows schematically a perspective view of a hoist door having a hinge arrangement according to the invention
• fig. 2 shows a side view of the door leaf, illustrated on fig. i,
• fig. 3a, 3b, 3c shows, enlarged, a vertical section through a fragment of a first embodiment of a hinge arrangement according to the present invention
• fig. 4a, 4b, 4c show a vertical section through a fragment of another embodiment of a hinge arrangement according to the present invention
• fig. 5 shows a horizontal section through an end part of a hinge arrangement according to the present invention
• fig. 6 a section along the line VI-VI of fig. 5.
• Fig. 1 shows a hoist door generally designated 1.
• the hoist door comprises a door leaf 2 with rollers (not shown) along the edges, running in rails 3 mounted on each side of the door frame.
• the rails extend below the ceiling of the building where the rails are attached by means of fittings 4.
• the door leaf is hoisted and lowered using wires 5, fixed to the lowermost part of the door leaf and, via pulleys 6, connected to wiredrums 7 on a driving axis 8.
• This driving axis is connected via a transmission 9 to a motor 10, activatable from below by means of an electronic activator 11, when the door is to be opened or closed.
• the door leaf of fig. 1 is shown in a partially hoisted position. In fully opened position, the door leaf reaches biasing springs 12. Torsion springs 13 arranged around the shaft 8 serve to balance the net weight of the door leaf. The two halves of shaft 8 are joined by a shaft coupling 14. The door leaf is divided into a number of sections 15, mutually joined by means of the hinge arrangement according to the invention and thereby allowing the door leaf 2 to move from a vertical position to a horizontal, or inclined position through a curved section.
• Fig. 2 shows in an enlarged scale a side view of the door leaf 2 of fig. l.
• Sections 15 are joined at the edges of their ends by means of lateral hinges 17, while slideways 18 are arranged along the • free distance between said edges to provide a support for the sections in this area, as they rotate in passing the curved region between the vertical and horizontal sections of the guiding rails 3 during the hoisting and lowering of the door leaf.
• the 5 individual sections are formed as a sandwich structure having a foremost panel 19, and a rearmost panel 20.
• These panels are made from sheets of aluminium of e.g.. 0.5 mm thickness; different materials may be employed as required, e.g.. galvanised iron or plastic.
• a bearing shell 25 is inserted and fixed to an undercut groove 27 formed in the upper concave and cylindrical surface 21, be way of a bead.
• This bearing shell may be
• the cylindrical surfaces 21, 22 do not, at any position during their swinging movement, form a gap wherein dirt may gather and accumulate and get caught between opposite edges during the closure of the door leaf. This would prevent a correct closure and possibly cause deformations of the sections in the area of their edges.
• the concave, cylindrical surface 21 is arranged on top, causing the superjacent section to repel rainwater and accompanying dirt, running down the door leaf. If some dirt, nevertheless, reach the area between the cylindrical surfaces, the cylindrical surface 21 carrying the bearing shell 25 closely contacting the cylindrical surface 22 will be self-cleaning, and eventually work out the dirt as the sections swing relatively.
• the axis of swinging 23 being arranged within the section between the panels 19, 20, leads to much smaller radii of curvature as compared to if the axis of swinging were located at the rear side of the section.
• the sections hereby attain a relatively sizeable strength and the transitions between the cylindrical surfaces and the side planes of the sections extend through a relatively sizeable angle, whereby, for example, the highly exposed foremost nose 30 of the superjacent section is able to resist external mechanical loads due to, e.g.. strokes or forces more efficiently as compared to conventional structures.
• the absence of any gap between the bearing shell 25 of the upper section and the cylindrical surface 22 of the lower section makes it is impossible for a person, inadvertently or deliberately, to introduce his fingers between the surfaces.
• Fig. 5 and 6 show in greater details the design of the structure at the edges of the door leaf.
• the sections are guided by means of rollers 31 mounted on the rear side of the respective section by means of fittings 32.
• the rollers move in the tracks 3 attached to angled tracks 33 mounted on the inside of the door leaf frame (not shown) .
• a rubber lip 35 providing a seal against the front of the sections, is attached to an inwardly turned flange 34 of the angled track 33.
• Each end of the sections is closed by means of a U-shaped casing 36 formed from a metal sheet.
• the lateral hinges 17 are fixed to the outside of these casings.
• Each lateral hinge comprises an upper, angled link 37 and a lower, angled link 38, pivotally arranged on a pin 39 inserted through aligned bearings 40, 41 formed in the upper and lower link 37, 38 respectively in an area where they overlap, the upper link 37 being cranked or bend over the lower link 38.
• the upper and lower links, 37, 38 are provided with circular recesses 42 and 43 respectively, extending coaxially aligned with the pin, and inserted into one another, whereby the innermost recess 43 of the lower link 38 forms a shaft and the outermost recess 42 of the upper link 37 forms a bearing for said shaft.
• the complete inventive hinge arrangement comprises three main constituents, namely the cylindrical surfaces 21, 22 with bearing shell 25, the lateral hinges 17 and the slideways 18.
• the wire tension for the hoisting and lowering of the door leaf is transmitted via the lowermost section, from where the required force is transmitted upwards section by section in the series through the hinge arrangement.
• this force is being conveyed exclusively by the relatively delicate hinges.
• the hinge arrangement according to the present invention however, the principal part of this force is conveyed by the cylindrical surfaces 21, 22 and the intermediate bearing shell 25.
• the bearing areas of this bearing connection are large, leading to a low specific load on the bearing and thus to a superior durability and long service life.
• the axis of swinging 23 is established in a precise manner at the edges at the ends of the sections, by means of the lateral hinges 17 together with the cylindrical surfaces 21, 22 with the intermediary bearing shell 25.
• These two components of the hinge arrangement are, however, not capable of fixing the axis of swinging along the entire distance between the edges at the ends of the sections, with the required certainty. This is owing to the sections only to some degree resisting bending, and the cylindrical surfaces alone are not being capable of defining a stable, statically determined structure. The required stability is, however, brought about by providing slideways along this distance.
• Figs. 3a, b, c show such a slideway in a first embodiment, illustrated in three swingpositions.
• the slideway comprises an angled bracket 45 mounted on the rear side of the lowermost section.
• This bracket has an outwardly extending flange 46 with a vertical slit 47.
• the slideway furthermore comprises a hinge 48 whose uppermost link 49 is attached to the rear side of the uppermost section, relative to which its lower link 50 pivots freely.
• a supporting roller 52 is mounted on the outwardly extending flange 46 of the bracket 45, a supporting surface 53 being provided on the lowermost link 50 of the hinge 48 and configured to contact the supporting roller 52 in any swingposition.
• Figs. 4a, b, c show yet another embodiment of a slideway according to the present invention.
• a bracket 54, 55 each formed with a respective slit 58, 59 extending along a curved path centred at the axis of swinging, is arranged on each adjoining section.
• Pins 61, 62 are arranged on a holder 60 which firmly grips around the outwardly extending flanges 56, 57 of the brackets 54, 55 respectively, said pins slidably engaging a respective curved slit 58, 59 in a displaceable manner.
• the brackets comprise a single, outwardly extending flange. They may, however, comprise further flanges, depending upon the situation, the hinge on the holder being adapted to the configuration.
• the upper, concave cylindrical surface 21 extends, in section, through an angle of curvature of less than 180°. In this way, the door leaf may be mounted in an easy and quick manner by simply stacking the sections one above the other, whereby they assume their correct mutual position from the start.
• the door leaf Due to the concave cylindrical surface of the upper section arching down and below the convex cylindrical surface 22 of the lower section, and contacting it, lateral forces of considerable magnitude may be transmitted and conveyed between the sections; consequently, the door leaf is capable of taking up considerable transversal forces, due to e.g.. wind pressure, when the door is closed, without deforming or the connections between the sections separating.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Wing Frames And Configurations (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=8093519

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Families Citing this family (8)

Family Cites Families (2)

• 1993
  • 1993-04-19 DK DK43693A patent/DK43693A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
• 1994
  • 1994-04-18 EP EP94913045A patent/EP0701650A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1994-04-18 WO PCT/DK1994/000153 patent/WO1994024397A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1994-04-18 AU AU65352/94A patent/AU6535294A/en not_active Abandoned

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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