EP0700234A1 - Device for supporting a composite self-baking electrode for an electric arc furnace - Google Patents

Device for supporting a composite self-baking electrode for an electric arc furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0700234A1
EP0700234A1 EP95420249A EP95420249A EP0700234A1 EP 0700234 A1 EP0700234 A1 EP 0700234A1 EP 95420249 A EP95420249 A EP 95420249A EP 95420249 A EP95420249 A EP 95420249A EP 0700234 A1 EP0700234 A1 EP 0700234A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
column
ferrule
support
nipples
electrode
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Granted
Application number
EP95420249A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0700234B1 (en
Inventor
Maurice Sales
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Ferropem SAS
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Pechiney Electrometallurgie SAS
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Publication of EP0700234A1 publication Critical patent/EP0700234A1/en
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Publication of EP0700234B1 publication Critical patent/EP0700234B1/en
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B7/00—Heating by electric discharge
    • H05B7/02—Details
    • H05B7/10—Mountings, supports, terminals or arrangements for feeding or guiding electrodes
    • H05B7/107—Mountings, supports, terminals or arrangements for feeding or guiding electrodes specially adapted for self-baking electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B7/00—Heating by electric discharge
    • H05B7/02—Details
    • H05B7/06—Electrodes
    • H05B7/08—Electrodes non-consumable
    • H05B7/085—Electrodes non-consumable mainly consisting of carbon
    • H05B7/09—Self-baking electrodes, e.g. Söderberg type electrodes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of electrodes for electric arc furnaces and, more particularly, self-baking electrodes, called SODERBERG electrodes, for carbothermal reduction furnaces, such as furnaces for producing metallurgical silicon.
  • this support piece is a column forming a precooked carbon or graphite electrode, made up of elements assembled by means of nipples, that is to say of fittings with double conical thread, made of the same material, and screwed onto the two elements to be assembled.
  • the mechanical force necessary to compensate for the weight of the electrode is transmitted to the column by a system of clamps.
  • This force can reach significant values, of the order of 50,000 to 75,000 N. It is therefore necessary to exert a very high clamping pressure on the clamp, because the coefficient of friction between carbon and steel is low.
  • this type of assembly results in degradation of the surface of the graphite column which increases the risk of rupture due to the tensile force to which it is subjected.
  • this rupture can have serious consequences on the electrode itself as well as on the furnace where it is mounted.
  • the positioning of the clamps of the column does not allow large amplitude displacements. It is therefore necessary to frequently reposition the clamps on the column as the electrode is consumed, which contributes to aggravating the damage caused to the column by the clamps.
  • the subject of the invention is a device for mounting a self-cooking electrode, provided with a cylindrical metallic ferrule and a central column in graphite or precooked carbon made up of elements assembled by nipples, not having the drawbacks. mentioned above.
  • the central column is suspended from a support which is movable in the vertical direction relative to the shell over a length greater than that of the elements.
  • the displacement of the support can be obtained using jacks.
  • the column can be fixed to the mobile support using a threaded piece, integral with the support and whose thread is identical to that of the nipples for assembling the elements of the column.
  • the composite electrode (1) consists of a ferrule cylindrical metal (2) used to contain the carbonaceous paste introduced at the top and which will gradually cook down in the oven.
  • a central column (3) cylindrical with the same axis as the ferrule, is made up of identical elements in pre-baked carbon or in graphite, provided at their two ends with conical threaded holes and assembled one above the other by nipples ( 4).
  • the column (3) is retained at its top by a metal piece (5) reproducing at its end the threading of the nipples (4).
  • the part (5) is directly screwed onto the upper element of the column (3).
  • This part (5) is supported by a frame (6) whose relative position relative to the ferrule (2) and to the frame (7) to which it is integral, is controlled by two jacks (8) whose stroke is greater than the length of the elements forming the column (3).
  • This assembly makes it possible to slide the electrode (1) of a length equal to or greater than that of an element of the column (3) without having to resume fixing between the column (3) and the part (5).
  • the stroke of the jacks (8) is sufficient to make it possible to lengthen the length of the column (3) by one element, having only to do one recovery operation on the column (3).
  • the surface of the carbon or graphite elements is not damaged by any clamping system and the tensile strength of the column (3) is fully preserved.
  • the column (3) consists of elements of unit length 1700 mm and diameter 450 mm assembled by nipples (4).
  • the upper element of the column (3) is fixed to a piece (5) of steel ending in a shape identical to that of a nipple (4).
  • Mobile equipment consisting of a frame (6) supporting the part (5) and jacks (8) allows the electrode to be supported and positioned over a length of 1850 mm by acting only on the volume of oil injected into the cylinders.
  • This assembly made it possible to note that the surface of the elements constituting the column (3) remained intact and that the operation was carried out without difficulty, despite a tensile force of 75,000 N exerted on the column (3), measured force by means of oil pressure on the cylinders (8).

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)
  • Discharge Heating (AREA)

Abstract

The composite electrode(1) has a metallic ferrule(2), a graphite or carbon central column(3) composed of elements assembled by nipples(4) and a carbon paste(3) between the ferrule(2) and the column(3). The column(3) is suspended from a support(6) which can move in the vertical direction, with respect to the ferrule(2), over a length greater than the length of each of the elements. The relative movement of the support(6) with respect to the column(3) is made by the use of screws(8). The column(3) is fixed to the support(6) by means of a piece(5) whose end shape is the same as that of the nipples(4).

Description

Domaine techniqueTechnical area

L'invention concerne le domaine des électrodes pour four électrique à arc et, plus spécialement, des électrodes à autocuisson, dites électrodes SODERBERG, pour fours de réduction carbothermique, tels que les fours de production de silicium métallurgique.The invention relates to the field of electrodes for electric arc furnaces and, more particularly, self-baking electrodes, called SODERBERG electrodes, for carbothermal reduction furnaces, such as furnaces for producing metallurgical silicon.

Etat de la techniqueState of the art

Le principe des électrodes à autocuisson, qui consiste à introduire une pâte carbonée crue dans le four à l'intérieur d'une virole cylindrique et à cuire cette pâte de manière continue au cours de son utilisation dans le four, est connu depuis le brevet déposé en 1917 par C.W. SODERBERG, G. SEM et J. WESTLY au nom de la société Det Norske Aktielselkap for Elektrokemisk Industri (correspondant à FR 488778).The principle of self-baking electrodes, which consists in introducing a raw carbonaceous paste into the oven inside a cylindrical shell and baking this paste continuously during its use in the oven, has been known since the patent filed in 1917 by CW SODERBERG, G. SEM and J. WESTLY on behalf of the company Det Norske Aktielselkap for Elektrokemisk Industri (corresponding to FR 488778).

Cette technique aujourd'hui largement utilisée conduit à constituer des électrodes continues qui contiennent, si on ne fait rien pour le prévenir, environ 2,5% de fer provenant de la virole en acier.This widely used technique today leads to the creation of continuous electrodes which contain, if nothing is done to prevent it, about 2.5% of iron from the steel shell.

Pour constituer des électrodes continues à plus faible teneur en fer, plusieurs solutions ont été proposées, qui consistent toutes à désolidariser mécaniquement l'électrode et sa virole, de façon à pouvoir glisser l'électrode sans allonger d'autant la virole. On utilise alors, au lieu de la virole munie d'ailettes internes pour le soutien de l'électrode prévue dans le dispositif initial, une virole lisse sans ailettes. Cette disposition a d'ailleurs été testée par ELEKTROKEMISK dès 1917 (cf. Sôderberg Electrode 75 Year Anniversary Seminar, Kristiansand, 6-8 Juin 1994, G. SEM "The conception and birth of the Söderberg Electrode.")To constitute continuous electrodes with a lower iron content, several solutions have been proposed, which all consist in mechanically separating the electrode and its ferrule, so as to be able to slide the electrode without lengthening the ferrule accordingly. Instead of the ferrule provided with internal fins for supporting the electrode provided in the initial device, a smooth ferrule without fins is then used. This arrangement was moreover tested by ELEKTROKEMISK in 1917 (cf. Sôderberg Electrode 75 Year Anniversary Seminar, Kristiansand, June 6-8, 1994, G. SEM "The conception and birth of the Söderberg Electrode.")

La suppression des ailettes ne permettant plus de supporter le poids de l'électrode par l'intermédiaire de sa virole, il faut alors avoir recours à un montage différent du montage Söderberg classique et consistant à supporter le poids de l'électrode au moyen d'une pièce prisonnière de la pâte cuite, qui se consomme en même temps que l'électrode elle-même.The elimination of the fins no longer making it possible to support the weight of the electrode by means of its ferrule, it is then necessary to have recourse to a mounting different from the conventional Söderberg mounting and consisting in supporting the weight of the electrode by means of a captive part of the cooked dough, which is consumed at the same time as the electrode itself.

Dans le brevet italien 606568 déposé en 1959 par la société EDISON, cette pièce est une bande d'acier perforée.In Italian patent 606568 filed in 1959 by the company EDISON, this part is a perforated steel strip.

Dans le brevet US 4575856 de J.A. PERSSON délivré le 11/03/1986, cette pièce de support est une colonne formant une électrode précuite en carbone ou en graphite, constituée d'éléments assemblés au moyen de nipples, c'est à dire de raccords à double filetage cônique, réalisés dans le même matériau, et vissés sur les deux éléments à assembler. Le brevet FR 2683421 déposé par la société espagnole CARBUROS METALLICOS, revendique diverses adaptations de cette technique.In the patent US 4575856 of JA PERSSON issued on 03/11/1986, this support piece is a column forming a precooked carbon or graphite electrode, made up of elements assembled by means of nipples, that is to say of fittings with double conical thread, made of the same material, and screwed onto the two elements to be assembled. Patent FR 2683421 filed by the Spanish company CARBUROS METALLICOS, claims various adaptations of this technique.

Le montage proposé dans ces deux derniers brevets présente un certain nombre d'inconvénients.The arrangement proposed in these last two patents has a number of drawbacks.

D'une part, l'effort mécanique nécessaire pour compenser le poids de l'électrode est transmis à la colonne par un système de pinces. Cet effort peut atteindre des valeurs importantes, de l'ordre de 50000 à 75000 N. Il faut donc exercer sur la pince une pression de serrage très importante, car le coefficient de frottement entre le carbone et l'acier est faible. En exploitation, ce type de montage entraîne une dégradation de la surface de la colonne de graphite qui augmente les risques de rupture du fait de l'effort de traction auquel elle est soumise. Or, cette rupture peut avoir des conséquences graves sur l'électrode elle-même ainsi que sur le four où elle est montée.On the one hand, the mechanical force necessary to compensate for the weight of the electrode is transmitted to the column by a system of clamps. This force can reach significant values, of the order of 50,000 to 75,000 N. It is therefore necessary to exert a very high clamping pressure on the clamp, because the coefficient of friction between carbon and steel is low. In operation, this type of assembly results in degradation of the surface of the graphite column which increases the risk of rupture due to the tensile force to which it is subjected. However, this rupture can have serious consequences on the electrode itself as well as on the furnace where it is mounted.

D'autre part, le positionnement des pinces de serrage de la colonne ne permet pas des déplacements de grande amplitude. Il faut donc repositionner fréquemment les pinces sur la colonne au fur et à mesure que se consomme l'électrode, ce qui contribue à aggraver les dommages causés à la colonne par les pinces.On the other hand, the positioning of the clamps of the column does not allow large amplitude displacements. It is therefore necessary to frequently reposition the clamps on the column as the electrode is consumed, which contributes to aggravating the damage caused to the column by the clamps.

Objet de l'inventionSubject of the invention

L'invention a pour objet un dipositif de montage d'une électrode à autocuisson, munie d'une virole métallique cylindrique et d'une colonne centrale en graphite ou en carbone précuit constituée d'éléments assemblés par des nipples, ne présentant pas les inconvénients mentionnés ci-dessus.The subject of the invention is a device for mounting a self-cooking electrode, provided with a cylindrical metallic ferrule and a central column in graphite or precooked carbon made up of elements assembled by nipples, not having the drawbacks. mentioned above.

Selon l'invention, la colonne centrale est suspendue à un support qui est mobile dans le sens vertical par rapport à la virole sur une longueur supérieure à celle des éléments. Le déplacement du support peut être obtenu à l'aide de vérins. La colonne peut être fixée au support mobile à l'aide d'une pièce filetée, solidaire du support et dont le filetage est identique à celui des nipples d'assemblage des éléments de la colonne.According to the invention, the central column is suspended from a support which is movable in the vertical direction relative to the shell over a length greater than that of the elements. The displacement of the support can be obtained using jacks. The column can be fixed to the mobile support using a threaded piece, integral with the support and whose thread is identical to that of the nipples for assembling the elements of the column.

Description de l'inventionDescription of the invention

Un mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention sera décrit à l'aide de la figure unique représentant une vue en coupe axiale de l'électrode composite et de son dispositif de montage.L'électrode composite (1) est constituée d'une virole cylindrique métallique (2) servant à contenir la pâte carbonée introduite à son sommet et qui va cuire progressivement en descendant dans le four. Une colonne centrale (3), cylindrique de même axe que la virole, est constituée d'éléments identiques en carbone précuit ou en graphite, munis à leurs deux extrêmités de trous côniques filetés et assemblés les uns au-dessus des autres par des nipples (4). La colonne (3) est retenue à son sommet par une pièce métallique (5) reproduisant à son extrêmité le filetage des nipples (4) . La pièce (5) est directement vissée sur l'élément supérieur de la colonne (3).A particular embodiment of the invention will be described using the single figure showing an axial sectional view of the composite electrode and its mounting device. The composite electrode (1) consists of a ferrule cylindrical metal (2) used to contain the carbonaceous paste introduced at the top and which will gradually cook down in the oven. A central column (3), cylindrical with the same axis as the ferrule, is made up of identical elements in pre-baked carbon or in graphite, provided at their two ends with conical threaded holes and assembled one above the other by nipples ( 4). The column (3) is retained at its top by a metal piece (5) reproducing at its end the threading of the nipples (4). The part (5) is directly screwed onto the upper element of the column (3).

Cette pièce (5) est supportée par un châssis (6) dont la position relative par rapport à la virole (2) et au bâti (7) dont elle est solidaire, est commandée par deux vérins (8) dont la course est supérieure à la longueur des éléments formant la colonne (3).This part (5) is supported by a frame (6) whose relative position relative to the ferrule (2) and to the frame (7) to which it is integral, is controlled by two jacks (8) whose stroke is greater than the length of the elements forming the column (3).

Ce montage permet de glisser l'électrode (1) d'une longueur égale ou supérieure à celle d'un élément de la colonne (3) sans avoir à reprendre la fixation entre la colonne (3) et la pièce (5). La course des vérins (8) est suffisante pour permettre d'allonger d'un élément la longueur de la colonne (3) en n'ayant à faire qu'une seule opération de reprise sur la colonne (3). Ainsi, la surface des éléments en carbone ou graphite n'est pas endommagée par un quelconque système de serrage et la résistance à la traction de la colonne (3) est intégralement conservée.This assembly makes it possible to slide the electrode (1) of a length equal to or greater than that of an element of the column (3) without having to resume fixing between the column (3) and the part (5). The stroke of the jacks (8) is sufficient to make it possible to lengthen the length of the column (3) by one element, having only to do one recovery operation on the column (3). Thus, the surface of the carbon or graphite elements is not damaged by any clamping system and the tensile strength of the column (3) is fully preserved.

ExempleExample

Sur un four de production de silicium métallurgique de 20 MW, équipé à l'origine d'électrodes précuites de diamètre 1250 mm, on a monté, à titre d'essai sur l'une des électrodes un dispositif de montage selon l'invention. La colonne (3) est constituée d'éléments de longueur unitaire 1700 mm et de diamètre 450 mm assemblés par des nipples (4).On a furnace for producing metallurgical silicon of 20 MW, originally equipped with pre-baked electrodes with a diameter of 1250 mm, a mounting device according to the invention was mounted as a test. The column (3) consists of elements of unit length 1700 mm and diameter 450 mm assembled by nipples (4).

L'élément supérieur de la colonne (3) est fixé à une pièce (5) en acier terminée par une forme identique à celle d'un nipple (4). Un équipement mobile constitué d'un châssis (6) supportant la pièce (5) et de vérins (8) permet de supporter et de positionner l'électrode sur une longueur de 1850 mm en agissant uniquement sur le volume d'huile injecté dans les vérins.The upper element of the column (3) is fixed to a piece (5) of steel ending in a shape identical to that of a nipple (4). Mobile equipment consisting of a frame (6) supporting the part (5) and jacks (8) allows the electrode to be supported and positioned over a length of 1850 mm by acting only on the volume of oil injected into the cylinders.

Ce montage a permis de constater que la surface des éléments constituant la colonne (3) était restée intacte et que l'exploitation se faisait sans difficulté, malgré un effort de traction de 75000 N s'exerçant sur la colonne (3), effort mesuré au moyen de la pression d'huile sur les vérins (8).This assembly made it possible to note that the surface of the elements constituting the column (3) remained intact and that the operation was carried out without difficulty, despite a tensile force of 75,000 N exerted on the column (3), measured force by means of oil pressure on the cylinders (8).

Claims (3)

1) Dispositif de montage d'une électrode composite (1) à autocuisson pour four électrique, comprenant une virole métallique (2), une colonne centrale(3) en graphite ou en carbone précuit constituée d'éléments assemblés par des nipples (4) et une pâte carbonée entre la virole (2) et la colonne (3), caractérisé en ce que la colonne (3) est suspendue à un support (6) qui est mobile dans le sens vertical par rapport à la virole (2) sur une longueur supérieure à celle de chacun des éléments. 1) Device for mounting a self-cooking composite electrode (1) for an electric oven, comprising a metallic ferrule (2), a central column (3) of graphite or precooked carbon made up of elements assembled by nipples (4) and a carbonaceous paste between the ferrule (2) and the column (3), characterized in that the column (3) is suspended from a support (6) which is movable in the vertical direction relative to the ferrule (2) on a length greater than that of each of the elements. 2) Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le mouvement relatif du support (6) par rapport à la colonne (3) est obtenu à l'aide de vérins (8). 2) Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the relative movement of the support (6) relative to the column (3) is obtained using jacks (8). 3) Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la colonne (3) est fixée au support (6) à l'aide d'une pièce filetée (5) dont le filetage est identique à celui des nipples (4). 3) Device according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the column (3) is fixed to the support (6) using a threaded piece (5) whose thread is identical to that of the nipples (4).
EP95420249A 1994-09-05 1995-09-04 Device for supporting a composite self-baking electrode for an electric arc furnace Expired - Lifetime EP0700234B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9410774 1994-09-05
FR9410774A FR2724219B1 (en) 1994-09-05 1994-09-05 DEVICE FOR MOUNTING A SELF-COOKING COMPOSITE ELECTRODE FOR ELECTRIC ARC OVEN

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0700234A1 true EP0700234A1 (en) 1996-03-06
EP0700234B1 EP0700234B1 (en) 1999-10-13

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EP95420249A Expired - Lifetime EP0700234B1 (en) 1994-09-05 1995-09-04 Device for supporting a composite self-baking electrode for an electric arc furnace

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5577065A (en)
EP (1) EP0700234B1 (en)
DE (1) DE69512732T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2139165T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2724219B1 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998051129A1 (en) * 1997-05-02 1998-11-12 Silicium Becancour Inc. Electrode type söderberg for making silicon alloys and silicon metal
US5854807A (en) * 1997-05-02 1998-12-29 Skw Canada Inc. Electrode for silicon alloys and silicon metal
FR2770079A1 (en) * 1997-10-22 1999-04-23 Action Finances Ind Composite electrode for electric metallurgical furnace

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BR9900253A (en) 1999-02-02 2000-08-29 Companhia Brasileira Carbureto Aluminum and stainless steel container forming self-cooking electrodes for use in electric reduction furnaces
BR9900252A (en) 1999-02-02 2000-08-29 Companhia Brasileira Carbureto Stainless steel container for forming self-baking electrodes for use in electric reduction blast furnaces
FR2797739B1 (en) * 1999-08-19 2001-09-21 Invensil SELF-COOKING COMPOSITE ELECTRODE MOUNTING DEVICE FOR ELECTRIC ARC OVEN
WO2019233549A1 (en) * 2018-06-04 2019-12-12 Rheinfelden Carbon Gmbh & Co. Kg Self-baking electrode

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US4575856A (en) * 1984-05-18 1986-03-11 Pennsylvania Engineering Corporation Iron free self baking electrode
DE4010353A1 (en) * 1990-03-28 1991-10-02 Mannesmann Ag Operating metallurgical furnace with self-baking electrode - lockable traction rod within electrode

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US4349910A (en) * 1979-09-28 1982-09-14 Union Carbide Corporation Method and apparatus for orientation of electrode joint threads
DE3324692A1 (en) * 1983-07-08 1985-01-17 Sigri Elektrographit Gmbh, 8901 Meitingen CONNECTION BETWEEN SECTIONS OF A CARBON OR GRAPHITE ELECTRODE
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US4725161A (en) * 1986-09-05 1988-02-16 Union Carbide Corporation Electrode joint
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4575856A (en) * 1984-05-18 1986-03-11 Pennsylvania Engineering Corporation Iron free self baking electrode
DE4010353A1 (en) * 1990-03-28 1991-10-02 Mannesmann Ag Operating metallurgical furnace with self-baking electrode - lockable traction rod within electrode

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998051129A1 (en) * 1997-05-02 1998-11-12 Silicium Becancour Inc. Electrode type söderberg for making silicon alloys and silicon metal
US5854807A (en) * 1997-05-02 1998-12-29 Skw Canada Inc. Electrode for silicon alloys and silicon metal
FR2770079A1 (en) * 1997-10-22 1999-04-23 Action Finances Ind Composite electrode for electric metallurgical furnace

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2139165T3 (en) 2000-02-01
FR2724219B1 (en) 1996-10-25
DE69512732D1 (en) 1999-11-18
DE69512732T2 (en) 2000-03-02
US5577065A (en) 1996-11-19
FR2724219A1 (en) 1996-03-08
EP0700234B1 (en) 1999-10-13

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