EP0698727A1 - Method of manufacturing a tappet for an internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Method of manufacturing a tappet for an internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0698727A1 EP0698727A1 EP95810122A EP95810122A EP0698727A1 EP 0698727 A1 EP0698727 A1 EP 0698727A1 EP 95810122 A EP95810122 A EP 95810122A EP 95810122 A EP95810122 A EP 95810122A EP 0698727 A1 EP0698727 A1 EP 0698727A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tappet
- internal combustion
- combustion engine
- manufacturing
- top wall
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/11—Making porous workpieces or articles
- B22F3/1103—Making porous workpieces or articles with particular physical characteristics
- B22F3/1109—Inhomogenous pore distribution
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
- F01L1/14—Tappets; Push rods
- F01L1/143—Tappets; Push rods for use with overhead camshafts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L2301/00—Using particular materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L2303/00—Manufacturing of components used in valve arrangements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a tappet for use in a direct acting type valve operating mechanism for an internal combustion engine, and in particular, to a method of forming a tappet to increase density at the upper and lower ends to which larger stress act, thereby improving strength and wear resistance.
- a direct acting type valve operating mechanism in an internal combustion engine is generally constructed as shown in Fig. 2.
- a guide bore 2 formed in a cylinder head 1 there is provided a roughly H-sectioned tappet 3 having a circumferential wall 3a and a disc-shaped top wall 3b, the tappet being slidable in an axial direction of the bore 2.
- a stem 4a of an engine valve 4 In the center of the circumferential wall 3a of the tappet 3, there is provided a stem 4a of an engine valve 4, the axial end of the stem 4a being engaged with the middle of the lower surface of the top wall 3b.
- a spring receiver 5 is engaged via a pair of cotters 6, and an engine valve 4 is energized upwards by a valve spring 7 under the lower surface of the spring receiver 5 in the cylinder head 1.
- a disc-shaped shim 8 is provided in a recess on the upper surface of the upper wall 3b, and a rotary cam 9 contacts the upper surface of the shim 8.
- the foregoing tappet 3 is generally formed by cold forging of soft steel such as low carbon steel. Deviated load “F” acts to the tappet 3 at the beginning of pressing by the rotary cam 9, and by bending moment, the upper and lower ends of the tappet are subjected to larger stress “F1” and “F2” which act horizontally by the cylinder head 1. The upper and lower ends of the tappets need high compressive strength and wear resistance.
- a method of manufacturing a tappet for an internal combustion engine comprising the steps of filling powdered metal into a cavity having an inner diameter which coincides with an outer diameter of the tappet to be formed in a die; compressing the powdered metal by upper and lower punches to form a top wall and a body of the tappet such that density is increased at the top wall and upper and lower ends of the body; and sintering the powdered metal.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view which shows main part of a compression molding machine for carrying out the present invention.
- a cavity 22 which has an inner diameter corresponding to an outer diameter of a tappet to be molded, and a lower punch 23 is slidably inserted in axial direction.
- a smaller diameter portion 24 At the upper end of the lower punch 23, there is provided a smaller diameter portion 24 to form a cylindrical body of the tappet.
- An upper punch 25 on the die 21 has a diameter equal to and the same axis as the lower punch 23, and moves in an axial direction between a position which is spaced from the die 21 upwards and a position where it is fitted in the cavity 22.
- a smaller diameter portion 26 At the lower end of the upper punch 25, there is provided a smaller diameter portion 26 to form a recess in which a shim fits.
- the lower punch 23 goes down to a predetermined height in the cavity 22, and the upper punch 25 goes up.
- a required amount of powdered metal "P" is filled into the cavity 22 on the smaller diameter portion 24 of the lower punch 23.
- the upper punch 25 goes down, while the lower punch 23 goes up to compress the powdered metal "P", so that compressed powdered metal which has nearly the same form as the tappet to be manufactured is molded in a space formed by the wall of the cavity 22, by the upper end 24 of the lower punch 23 and by the lower end 26 of the upper punch 25.
- the molded compressed powder 27 After the molded compressed powder 27 is pulled out of the die 21, it is sintered to form a tappet having higher density at the upper and lower ends of the body 27b, thereby increasing strength and wear resistance of the upper and lower ends of the tappet to which higher stress acts during operation of an engine.
- the smaller diameter portion 26 is projected on the lower end of the upper punch 25, but a flat surface may be formed at the lower end of the upper punch 25 to provide a tappet having no such recess.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a tappet for use in a direct acting type valve operating mechanism for an internal combustion engine, and in particular, to a method of forming a tappet to increase density at the upper and lower ends to which larger stress act, thereby improving strength and wear resistance.
- A direct acting type valve operating mechanism in an internal combustion engine is generally constructed as shown in Fig. 2. In a guide bore 2 formed in a cylinder head 1, there is provided a roughly H-sectioned tappet 3 having a
circumferential wall 3a and a disc-shapedtop wall 3b, the tappet being slidable in an axial direction of the bore 2. In the center of thecircumferential wall 3a of the tappet 3, there is provided astem 4a of anengine valve 4, the axial end of thestem 4a being engaged with the middle of the lower surface of thetop wall 3b. At the axial end of thestem 4a, aspring receiver 5 is engaged via a pair of cotters 6, and anengine valve 4 is energized upwards by avalve spring 7 under the lower surface of thespring receiver 5 in the cylinder head 1. A disc-shaped shim 8 is provided in a recess on the upper surface of theupper wall 3b, and a rotary cam 9 contacts the upper surface of the shim 8. - When the cam 8 rotates, the
engine valve 4 is driven up and down via the shim 8 and the tappet 3 to open and close inlet and exhaust ports of the cylinder head 1. - The foregoing tappet 3 is generally formed by cold forging of soft steel such as low carbon steel. Deviated load "F" acts to the tappet 3 at the beginning of pressing by the rotary cam 9, and by bending moment, the upper and lower ends of the tappet are subjected to larger stress "F₁" and "F₂" which act horizontally by the cylinder head 1. The upper and lower ends of the tappets need high compressive strength and wear resistance.
- However, in the conventional method of manufacturing the tappet 3 from soft steel which is suitable for cold forging, it is difficult to increase strength of the upper and lower ends locally, but what has totally average strength is only manufactured.
- To overcome the disadvantage, it is suggested to make a tappet by cold-forging of high strength material such as high carbon steel and high chromium steel, but there is disadvantage that such material has low moldablity and products have cracks to involve unstable quality because the material is rigid.
- It is an object of the present invention to overcome the disadvantage and to provide a method of manufacturing a tappet for an internal combustion engine to increase strength of the upper and lower ends of the tappet by simple means.
- According to the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a tappet for an internal combustion engine, the method comprising the steps of filling powdered metal into a cavity having an inner diameter which coincides with an outer diameter of the tappet to be formed in a die; compressing the powdered metal by upper and lower punches to form a top wall and a body of the tappet such that density is increased at the top wall and upper and lower ends of the body; and sintering the powdered metal.
- The feature and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following description with respect to drawings wherein:
- Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view which shows a compression molding machine for carrying out the present invention and a process for molding powdered material; and
- Fig. 2 is a sectional view which shows a known direct acting type valve operating mechanism in an internal combustion engine.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view which shows main part of a compression molding machine for carrying out the present invention.
- There is provided a
cavity 22 which has an inner diameter corresponding to an outer diameter of a tappet to be molded, and alower punch 23 is slidably inserted in axial direction. At the upper end of thelower punch 23, there is provided a smaller diameter portion 24 to form a cylindrical body of the tappet. Anupper punch 25 on thedie 21 has a diameter equal to and the same axis as thelower punch 23, and moves in an axial direction between a position which is spaced from thedie 21 upwards and a position where it is fitted in thecavity 22. At the lower end of theupper punch 25, there is provided asmaller diameter portion 26 to form a recess in which a shim fits. - To mold the tappet under compression, the
lower punch 23 goes down to a predetermined height in thecavity 22, and theupper punch 25 goes up. A required amount of powdered metal "P" is filled into thecavity 22 on the smaller diameter portion 24 of thelower punch 23. - As shown in Fig, 1, the
upper punch 25 goes down, while thelower punch 23 goes up to compress the powdered metal "P", so that compressed powdered metal which has nearly the same form as the tappet to be manufactured is molded in a space formed by the wall of thecavity 22, by the upper end 24 of thelower punch 23 and by thelower end 26 of theupper punch 25. - In the compressed
powdeed metal 27 after molding, owing to frictional resistance of powder to each other during compression, higher density is made at atop wall 27a and the upper and lower ends of abody 27b close to the upper andlower punches body 27b. - After the molded compressed
powder 27 is pulled out of thedie 21, it is sintered to form a tappet having higher density at the upper and lower ends of thebody 27b, thereby increasing strength and wear resistance of the upper and lower ends of the tappet to which higher stress acts during operation of an engine. - In the embodiment, to form the recess in which the shim fits on the upper surface of the tappet, the
smaller diameter portion 26 is projected on the lower end of theupper punch 25, but a flat surface may be formed at the lower end of theupper punch 25 to provide a tappet having no such recess. - The foregoings merely relate to an embodiment of the present invention, but various changes and modifications may be made by person skilled in the art without departing from the scope of claims wherein:
Claims (2)
- A method of manufacturing a tappet for an internal combustion engine, the method comprising the steps of:
filling powdered metal into a cavity having an inner diameter which coincides with an outer diameter of the tappet to be formed in a die;
compressing the powdered metal by upper and lower punches to form a top wall and a body of the tappet such that density is increased at the top wall and upper and lower ends of the body; and
sintering the powdered metal. - A method as defined in claim 1 wherein a smaller diameter portion is provided at a lower surface of the upper punch to form a recess at an upper surface of the top wall.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP6199547A JPH0860205A (en) | 1994-08-24 | 1994-08-24 | Production of tappet for internal combustion engine |
JP199547/94 | 1994-08-24 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0698727A1 true EP0698727A1 (en) | 1996-02-28 |
EP0698727B1 EP0698727B1 (en) | 1998-05-06 |
Family
ID=16409647
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95810122A Expired - Lifetime EP0698727B1 (en) | 1994-08-24 | 1995-02-24 | A tappet for use in an internal combustion engine |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0698727B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH0860205A (en) |
DE (1) | DE69502363T2 (en) |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3802849A (en) * | 1969-01-31 | 1974-04-09 | Toyoda Chuo Kenkyusho Kk | Method for making a sintered body having integral portions of different density |
EP0015520A1 (en) * | 1979-03-02 | 1980-09-17 | David T. Smith | Method of forming valve lifters |
JPS58107401A (en) * | 1981-12-18 | 1983-06-27 | Mitsubishi Metal Corp | Apparatus for powder molding |
JPH0223214A (en) * | 1988-07-12 | 1990-01-25 | Teikoku Piston Ring Co Ltd | Valve lifter and manufacture thereof |
EP0399400A1 (en) * | 1989-05-26 | 1990-11-28 | FIAT AUTO S.p.A. | Process to manufacture a sintered metallic product and product thus obtained |
-
1994
- 1994-08-24 JP JP6199547A patent/JPH0860205A/en active Pending
-
1995
- 1995-02-24 EP EP95810122A patent/EP0698727B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-02-24 DE DE69502363T patent/DE69502363T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3802849A (en) * | 1969-01-31 | 1974-04-09 | Toyoda Chuo Kenkyusho Kk | Method for making a sintered body having integral portions of different density |
EP0015520A1 (en) * | 1979-03-02 | 1980-09-17 | David T. Smith | Method of forming valve lifters |
JPS58107401A (en) * | 1981-12-18 | 1983-06-27 | Mitsubishi Metal Corp | Apparatus for powder molding |
JPH0223214A (en) * | 1988-07-12 | 1990-01-25 | Teikoku Piston Ring Co Ltd | Valve lifter and manufacture thereof |
EP0399400A1 (en) * | 1989-05-26 | 1990-11-28 | FIAT AUTO S.p.A. | Process to manufacture a sintered metallic product and product thus obtained |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 14, no. 164 (M - 957) 30 March 1990 (1990-03-30) * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 7, no. 211 (M - 243)<1356> 17 September 1983 (1983-09-17) * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69502363D1 (en) | 1998-06-10 |
EP0698727B1 (en) | 1998-05-06 |
JPH0860205A (en) | 1996-03-05 |
DE69502363T2 (en) | 1999-01-07 |
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