EP0696238A1 - Arrangement for connecting a stopper rod for a metallurgical vessel with a lifting device, suitable stopper rod for the arrangement and process for producing the arrangement - Google Patents
Arrangement for connecting a stopper rod for a metallurgical vessel with a lifting device, suitable stopper rod for the arrangement and process for producing the arrangementInfo
- Publication number
- EP0696238A1 EP0696238A1 EP94912483A EP94912483A EP0696238A1 EP 0696238 A1 EP0696238 A1 EP 0696238A1 EP 94912483 A EP94912483 A EP 94912483A EP 94912483 A EP94912483 A EP 94912483A EP 0696238 A1 EP0696238 A1 EP 0696238A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- rod
- stopper rod
- stopper
- holding rod
- round
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- 238000000462 isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 claims 5
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims 2
- 241000251730 Chondrichthyes Species 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000161 steel melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/14—Closures
- B22D41/16—Closures stopper-rod type, i.e. a stopper-rod being positioned downwardly through the vessel and the metal therein, for selective registry with the pouring opening
Definitions
- the invention relates to an arrangement of the type corresponding to the preamble of claim 1 and also includes a method for producing the device.
- refractory stopper rods to control the flow of molten metal from a pan or tundish into a mold
- the stopper rod is moved in the direction of its longitudinal axis by a lifting device adjacent to the outside of the tundish, whereby a pouring opening arranged at the bottom of the tundish, into which the stopper rod engages in the lowered state and flows completely, is opened more or less.
- the flow of the molten metal can thus be regulated.
- this regulation is in principle quite simple, the extreme conditions prevailing in steel processing place special demands on the materials and the technical design of the stopper rod. So the stopper rod must withstand the action of a molten metal for hours.
- the plug rod must also be suitable, the one acting on the plug rod during a casting process to withstand strong temperature fluctuations and the side effects of the forces caused by the buoyancy of the molten metal, which exert a strong bending moment on the stopper rod.
- a breakage of the stopper rod inevitably leads to the fact that the spout can no longer be closed, which results in an uncontrolled outflow of the melt. It therefore poses a significant security risk.
- the stopper rod consists of a threaded steel rod at one end, onto which the actual ceramic stopper is screwed when used later in the outlet opening of the tundish.
- several ceramic stopper tubes which interlock with one another at their end faces via tongue and groove and completely encase the steel rod, are pushed on from the side of the steel rod opposite the stopper, such that the tundish filled with the molten steel and the stopper rod completely lowered with the stopper tube sheathed part of the plug rod protrudes from the melt with a certain length. With the upper end of the steel rod, the stopper rod is stored in the lifting device.
- this plug rod composed of several parts (plugs, plug pipes) must be particularly careful that the connections between the individual parts are against the penetration of molten steel.
- the connection points are therefore additionally cemented.
- the prepared stopper rods are dried in a drying oven at approx. 100 ° C for approx. Two days before being used.
- a disadvantage of this early embodiment is that the provision of the plug rods requires a relatively high amount of material and labor on site.
- the steel rods also tend to warp due to the temperature gradients and fluctuations that occur during casting, which can easily cause the sheathing to break and thus destroy the plug rod can lead.
- Such plug rods are usually produced by isostatic pressing of powdered ceramic material into a blank, which is then fired, i.e. is subjected to a temperature treatment for the purpose of sintering.
- a one-piece retaining rod which extends over a certain area into the stopper rod and is firmly connected to it.
- a gas channel is incorporated into the holding rod, which communicates on the one hand with the longitudinal bore of the stopper rod and on the other hand with a connecting device for the gas supply line. It is particularly important that the connection between the holding rod and the plug rod prevents ambient air from getting into the interior of the plug rod and thus into the molten steel, since this would lead to increased oxidation and thus to a deterioration in the steel quality .
- connection between the ceramic stopper rod and the metallic retaining rod is particularly due to the high thermal and mechanical see loads on the connection problematic.
- connection is made by a ceramic insert adapted to the holding rod, which thread can be screwed into a working thread from above into the stopper rod by isostatic pressing in the upper region of the stopper rod.
- a disadvantage of this device is that the wall thickness of the plug rod is greatly reduced in the area of the thread used, as a result of which it breaks easily in this area. Furthermore, this device is relatively complex to manufacture due to the use of separately manufactured ceramic thread inserts.
- a threaded bore is machined into the upper end of the stopper rod by isostatic pressing, into which the holding rod is screwed directly into the stopper rod with its thread provided at the lower end.
- a gas-tight connection between plugs and holding rods is possible with this device, but the different thermal expansion coefficients of ceramic Mik and steel to form tensions in the thread, which can lead to breakage of the plug rod, especially at higher temperatures.
- a further development of the above-mentioned embodiments is a device according to EP 0 358 535 A2.
- a metallic threaded bushing is pressed isostatically in the upper area of the longitudinal bore, which is engaged on the outside by means of alternately arranged round grooves and all-round webs ceramic plug rod material is located.
- An annular sealing surface is formed in the stopper rod above the threaded bushing by increasing the diameter of the longitudinal bore.
- the holding rod provided with a corresponding thread can be screwed into the threaded bushing from above until a sealing collar arranged above the thread is supported on the sealing surface of the annular sealing seat.
- an external thread is provided on the holding rod above the sealing collar in order to counter the stopper by means of a holding plate and a screwed-on nut.
- a disadvantage of this embodiment is that the metallic threaded bushing can easily scale during firing, which can make it difficult to screw in the holding rod.
- the tightening of the lock nut which acts against the contact pressure of the sealing collar of the holding rod on the annular sealing surface of the stopper rod, can lead to a lifting of both sealing surfaces from one another due to the different thermal expansion coefficients of the materials.
- This device is also relatively complex to manufacture.
- the sealing collar provided on the holding rod and the thread required for screwing on the lock nut require the machining of the holding rod from a blank which has at least the outer diameter of the sealing collar.
- the resulting material loss during processing is of the order of 50%. In particular, it therefore represents a significant cost factor represents, because the service life of the handrail is relatively short, in particular due to a rapid scaling in the lower area exposed to the strongest temperature.
- the invention has for its object to develop a gat device according to the arrangement so that it is a fold and inexpensive to manufacture and economical in its use and that a worn plug rod by the staff can be exchanged for a new one with just a few hand movements.
- the support rod By dividing the support rod into a lower part protruding into the stopper rod and an upper part that can be attached to the lever mechanism and using a quick-coupling device with which the two parts of the support rod can be firmly and gas-tightly connected to one another, worn plug rods including the lower part can be worn replace the handrail easily.
- the lower part of the stopper rod is provided for single use in the arrangement according to the invention, material can be saved in comparison with previous embodiments. Since the lower part of the handrail, in particular, is exposed to high thermal loads, it will scale after a short period of use.
- the support rod can be produced particularly cost-effectively if it is made from a metal material.
- the part of the holding rod which is connected to the stopper rod is provided for single use only, in the preferred embodiment according to claim 3 it is made from a low-alloy steel.
- the stability of the upper part of the handrail can be significantly extended if it is made of stainless steel (claim 4).
- a preferred embodiment of the quick coupling device is the subject of claim 5. It is formed that a conical sealing surface is arranged on the lower end face of the upper part of the support rod, which extends over a flange forming a circumferential projection, supporting union nut, which mi mi from the upper end of the lower part of the Haltestan ge over a certain length of thread in a handle can be brought and with which the lower part of the holding rod with its top face forming the counter-sealing surface can be pressed into the conical sealing surface.
- a particularly good sealing effect is achieved if, according to claim 6, the surface of the upper end face of the lower part of the holding rod forming the counter-sealing surface has an upward curvature, such that the sealing contact surface of the upper end face of the lower part of the holding rod and the lower end face of the upper part of the support rod has the shape of a closed circular line.
- an expandable graphite ring which can be inserted into the all-round groove or a metal ring which rests in the all-round groove (.Claims 8 to 10) is particularly suitable for forming the peripheral sealing ring.
- the engagement means consist of a plurality of successive all-round grooves and all-round webs formed at the lower end of the support rod, and one or more, approximately in parallel to the longitudinal axis of the arrangement there are key surfaces which are in engagement with all-round grooves and all-round webs formed in the upper part of the longitudinal recess of the stopper rod and one or more flat projections and thereby form a labyrinth seal between the two parts, as a result of which the material-intensive molding of a sealing collar can be dispensed with.
- a particularly good sealing effect of the connection can be produced if, according to claim 13, at least one of the all-round grooves of the lower part of the holding rod carries a flexible, fire-resistant sealing ring which interacts with an all-round web of the stopper rod.
- the already firm, substantially gas-tight fit of the support rod in the stopper rod can be further improved in accordance with claim 14 in the case of particularly high requirements in that the lower part of the support rod has an external thread extending upwards from the upper end face of the stopper rod over a certain length has from above a nut which is supported by means of a thrust washer provided between the nut and the upper end face of the stopper rod on the end face, so that the upper flanks of the all-round webs of the lower part of the holding rod against the lower flanks of the all-round webs of the Plug rod to be pressed.
- the area between the lower end of the external thread and the upper all-round web of the handrail can Elastic absorption of longitudinal stresses serve if, according to claim 15, the distance between the lower end of the external thread and the upper all-round web carries at least 1.4 times the external diameter of the non-profiled part of the holding rod projecting into the stopper rod.
- a method which is particularly suitable for producing a device according to one of the previous claims is the subject of claim 18.
- a secure, insoluble and essentially sealing seat of the holding rod in the stopper rod is achieved in that the holding rod during isostatic pressing of the stopper rod is pressed into it in such a way that the engagement means of the holding rod are completely surrounded by the ceramic material which engages in them and that the stopper rod is fired together with the holding rod after the isostatic pressing.
- FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a first embodiment of the device according to the invention
- Fig. 2 shows a view along the line II-II in Fig.
- FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal section through a further embodiment of the device according to the invention.
- FIG. 4 shows a view of the arrangement along the line IV-IV in FIG. 3.
- top or bottom the information relates to the hanging operating position of the device shown in FIGS. 1 and 3.
- the arrangement designated 100 in the drawing as a whole consists of a two-part, metallic holding rod 10, 10 ', the lower part 1, 1' of which protrudes over a certain length into the refractory, ceramic plug rod 2.
- the lower part 1, 1 'of the holding rod 10, 10' protruding into the stopper rod 2 there are a plurality of successive all-round grooves 3, 3 'and all-round ridges 4, 4' and one extending parallel to the longitudinal axis L of the arrangement 100 Key surface 35 arranged.
- connection is further increased in that a flexible, fire-resistant sealing ring 36 is used in one of the all-round grooves 3,3 'of the lower part 1,1' of the holding rod 10,10 ', which cooperates with an all-round web 6 of the stopper rod 2.
- the lower part 1, 1 'of the holding rod 10, 10' comprises an external thread 41, which extends upwards over a certain length from the upper end face 40 of the plug rod 2, onto which an upper thread extends from above by means of a nut 38, 38 'and the upper end face 40 of the stopper rod 2 provided pressure plate 37,37 'on the end face 40 supporting nut 38,38' is screwed on, so that the upper flanks 43,43 'of the circumferential webs 4,4' of the lower part 1, 1 'of the holding rod 10.10' are pressed against the lower flanks 42 of the all-round webs 6 of the stopper rod.
- the area between the lower end of the external thread 41 and the upper one of the all-round webs 4, 4 'of the lower part 1, 1' of the holding rod 10, 10 ', the length of which corresponds to at least its 1.4 times the external diameter, serves for the elastic absorption of longitudinal ones Tensions which occur in particular due to the tightening of the nut 38, 38 'and change in their strength due to the effect of temperature on the arrangement.
- the region of the lower part 1, 1 'projecting into the plug rod becomes Before the pressing, the holding rod 10, 10 'is coated with a material which evaporates during the subsequent firing which serves to sinter the ceramic material, so that after the firing, in particular at low temperatures, between the lateral surface of the lower part of the holding rod and the inner wall the plug rod has a certain gap 7.
- a longitudinal recess 8 continues in the stopper rod 2, which serves to supply gas to the gas outlet channels which are arranged in the lower part of the stopper rod 2 and are not shown in the drawing.
- the lower part 1 of the holding rod 10 extending upwards in the direction of the longitudinal axis L above the plug rod 2 is provided with two mutually parallel flat flats 9, 11 or with a circular recess 12 which corresponds to the Attack serve a wrench or a hook wrench.
- An external thread 14 extends downward over a certain length from the upper end face 13 of the lower part 1 of the holding rod 10, which is designed as a conical, annular sealing surface and can be brought into engagement with an internal thread 16 arranged in a coupling nut 15.
- the union nut 15 which has a step-like reduction in its inner diameter in its upper region and thus comprises an annular bearing surface 17, is pushed from above onto the upper part 18 of the holding rod 10 and is supported on a near the lower end of the upper part 18 of the FIG Holding rod 10 arranged circumferential projection 19 from.
- the lower end face 20 of the upper part 18 of the holding rod 10 forms the counter-sealing surface to the annular sealing surface 13 of the lower part 1 of the holding rod 10 and has an upward curvature such that the sealing contact surface of the upper end face 13 of the lower part 1 the holding rod 10 and the lower end face 20 of the upper part 18 of the holding rod 10 has the shape of a closed circular line.
- the two parts 1, 18 of the holding rod 10 can be connected to one another in a fixed and sealing manner, so that at the connection point 21 there is no gas from which along the longitudinal axis L through the entire holding element rod 10 extending gas channel 22 can penetrate to the outside.
- the upper part 18 of the holding rod 10 is provided with an external thread 23, which is used to attach the arrangement 100 to a lifting device arranged on the outside of the tundish and used to displace the arrangement.
- two parallel, opposite recesses of semicircular cross section running perpendicular to the longitudinal axis L are machined into the outer circumference of the lower part 1 'of the holding rod 10' at a certain distance from the end face 24.
- an all-round groove 26 is provided in the lower part 1', which is used to hold a sealing ring 27 made of temperature-resistant glass fiber material, graphite or metal.
- the upper part 18 'of the holding rod 10' is formed by a rod provided with an external thread 23 'from its upper side over a certain length, on which a sleeve-shaped Shaped extension 29 integrally formed or pushed over a non-threaded area and is connected on its upper side by means of a circumferential weld seam 30 with the upper part 18 'of the support rod 10'.
- the part of the extension 29 which extends beyond the lower end face 31 is formed on the inside in such a way that the upper end of the lower part 1 'of the holding rod 10' can be pushed into the extension 29, forming a sliding fit, which is indicated by an inside at the lower end of the extension arranged chamfer is facilitated.
- the extension 29 has in its area projecting beyond the end face 31 two mutually parallel bores 33, 33 'arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal axis L, the spacing of which relative to the center of the bores corresponds exactly to the inside diameter of the extension 29 and which are in the inserted state of the lower part 1 'communicate with the recesses 25, 25'.
- the lower part 1 ' is inserted into the sleeve-shaped extension 29 of the upper part 18' of the holding rod 10 'and through a U-shaped, with the open ends of its legs in the bores 33,33 'insertable and engaging in the recesses 25,25' securing bracket 34 secured against slipping out.
- a worn plug rod can thus be replaced in a simple manner without the use of tools.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
- Gasket Seals (AREA)
- Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
- Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4313427 | 1993-04-26 | ||
DE4313427A DE4313427C1 (en) | 1993-04-26 | 1993-04-26 | Arrangement for connecting a stopper-rod for a metallurgical vessel to its lifting device, and stopper-rod suitable for the arrangement, and method for producing the arrangement |
PCT/DE1994/000452 WO1994025204A1 (en) | 1993-04-26 | 1994-04-25 | Arrangement for connecting a stopper rod for a metallurgical vessel with a lifting device, suitable stopper rod for the arrangement and process for producing the arrangement |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0696238A1 true EP0696238A1 (en) | 1996-02-14 |
EP0696238B1 EP0696238B1 (en) | 1997-03-12 |
Family
ID=6486261
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP94912483A Expired - Lifetime EP0696238B1 (en) | 1993-04-26 | 1994-04-25 | Arrangement for connecting a stopper rod for a metallurgical vessel with a lifting device, suitable stopper rod for the arrangement and process for producing the arrangement |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5681497A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0696238B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP3266263B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR960701716A (en) |
BR (1) | BR9406277A (en) |
CZ (1) | CZ282555B6 (en) |
DE (2) | DE4313427C1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2098931T3 (en) |
HU (1) | HU217931B (en) |
NO (1) | NO306607B1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL177977B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1994025204A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB9613810D0 (en) * | 1996-07-02 | 1996-09-04 | Foseco Int | Stopper rod |
GB9917888D0 (en) * | 1999-07-30 | 1999-09-29 | Foseco Int | Stopper rod |
JP3831168B2 (en) * | 2000-01-19 | 2006-10-11 | 株式会社シマノ | Drag reel washer for fishing reel and fishing reel using the same |
GB0507939D0 (en) * | 2005-04-20 | 2005-05-25 | Foseco Int | Stopper red |
AT524495A1 (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2022-06-15 | Sheffield Hi Tech Refractories Germany Gmbh | Plug |
CN115106518B (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2023-06-27 | 山东汇金股份有限公司 | Coupler for lifting bottom pouring type ladle plug rod |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1004740A (en) * | 1908-09-22 | 1911-10-03 | Peabody A Brown | Electric alarm. |
US2005311A (en) * | 1934-07-06 | 1935-06-18 | American Sheet & Tin Plate | Stopper rod for ladles |
GB1004740A (en) * | 1962-07-05 | 1965-09-15 | Morganite Res & Dev Ltd | Improvements in and relating to metal pouring ladle nozzle stopper |
NL296127A (en) * | 1962-12-14 | |||
US3331539A (en) * | 1966-09-08 | 1967-07-18 | Southwire Co | Metering device for controlling molten metal flow |
US3632026A (en) * | 1969-01-27 | 1972-01-04 | Vesuvius Crucible Co | Stopper structure and combination of bottom pour receptacle and stopper |
US3848781A (en) * | 1973-02-20 | 1974-11-19 | J Springer | Quick release stopper rod for steel mill ladle |
US4271994A (en) * | 1979-11-09 | 1981-06-09 | Combustion Engineering, Inc. | Flex rod assembly for a stopper valve in a bottom pour ladle |
US4946083A (en) * | 1988-12-29 | 1990-08-07 | Vesuvius Crucible Company | One-piece stopper rod |
DE4040189C1 (en) * | 1990-12-15 | 1992-01-02 | Didier-Werke Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden, De | Ceramic plug for outlet from metallurgical vessel - has supporting pipe with annular space to form sealing face, and nut is screwed onto it through which gas is delivered |
DE4212450A1 (en) * | 1991-11-26 | 1993-05-27 | Didier Werke Ag | DEVICE FOR HOLDING A PLUG AND PLUG |
-
1993
- 1993-04-26 DE DE4313427A patent/DE4313427C1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1994
- 1994-04-25 PL PL94311200A patent/PL177977B1/en unknown
- 1994-04-25 ES ES94912483T patent/ES2098931T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-04-25 BR BR9406277A patent/BR9406277A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-04-25 EP EP94912483A patent/EP0696238B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-04-25 HU HU9503071A patent/HU217931B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-04-25 JP JP52373894A patent/JP3266263B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-04-25 US US08/535,186 patent/US5681497A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-04-25 KR KR1019950704654A patent/KR960701716A/en active IP Right Grant
- 1994-04-25 WO PCT/DE1994/000452 patent/WO1994025204A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1994-04-25 DE DE59402078T patent/DE59402078D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-04-25 CZ CZ952650A patent/CZ282555B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1995
- 1995-10-24 NO NO954251A patent/NO306607B1/en unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9425204A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP3266263B2 (en) | 2002-03-18 |
NO954251D0 (en) | 1995-10-24 |
KR960701716A (en) | 1996-03-28 |
EP0696238B1 (en) | 1997-03-12 |
HU217931B (en) | 2000-05-28 |
HU9503071D0 (en) | 1995-12-28 |
PL311200A1 (en) | 1996-02-05 |
ES2098931T3 (en) | 1997-05-01 |
CZ282555B6 (en) | 1997-08-13 |
WO1994025204A1 (en) | 1994-11-10 |
CZ265095A3 (en) | 1996-02-14 |
HUT73478A (en) | 1996-08-28 |
PL177977B1 (en) | 2000-02-29 |
US5681497A (en) | 1997-10-28 |
NO954251L (en) | 1995-12-22 |
NO306607B1 (en) | 1999-11-29 |
DE59402078D1 (en) | 1997-04-17 |
DE4313427C1 (en) | 1994-08-18 |
BR9406277A (en) | 1996-01-02 |
JPH08509424A (en) | 1996-10-08 |
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