EP0695861B1 - Internal combustion engine with at least one intermittently non-fired operating cylinder - Google Patents

Internal combustion engine with at least one intermittently non-fired operating cylinder Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0695861B1
EP0695861B1 EP95108115A EP95108115A EP0695861B1 EP 0695861 B1 EP0695861 B1 EP 0695861B1 EP 95108115 A EP95108115 A EP 95108115A EP 95108115 A EP95108115 A EP 95108115A EP 0695861 B1 EP0695861 B1 EP 0695861B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
exhaust
cylinder
cylinders
fresh gas
fired
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EP95108115A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0695861A1 (en
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Jan Velthuis
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02DCONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D17/00Controlling engines by cutting out individual cylinders; Rendering engines inoperative or idling
    • F02D17/02Cutting-out
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/22Control of additional air supply only, e.g. using by-passes or variable air pump drives
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2430/00Influencing exhaust purification, e.g. starting of catalytic reaction, filter regeneration, or the like, by controlling engine operating characteristics
    • F01N2430/02Influencing exhaust purification, e.g. starting of catalytic reaction, filter regeneration, or the like, by controlling engine operating characteristics by cutting out a part of engine cylinders

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an internal combustion engine, in particular a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, with multiple cylinders, at least one of which can be operated at times without fire to the exhaust gas of the fired cylinder Add fresh gas, several of which are located on the outlet channels in the Internal combustion engine cylinder head connecting cylinder-specific exhaust pipes are merged.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a remedial measure for this problem.
  • a fresh gas line which is provided in addition to the associated exhaust gas line merged with the other exhaust gas lines, branches off from the outlet channel or from the exhaust gas line near the exhaust channel of the cylinder, which can be operated at times without firing, at least one other in the exhaust channel or in the exhaust gas line near the exhaust channel fired cylinder opens.
  • this is from the non-fired cylinder in the exhaust system the fresh gas pumped to the internal combustion engine is not alone the exhaust pipe of this cylinder continues to the exhaust gas flow of the rest fired cylinder, but can be directly on the proposed additionally provided fresh gas line as close as possible to the outlet valve or led to the exhaust valves of the still fired cylinders become.
  • the fresh gas line is in or near of the exhaust port of the cylinder that opens in the firing order Internal combustion engine on the temporarily unfired cylinder follows. This ensures that directly downstream of the exhaust valve of the fired cylinder fresh gas is available if this Exhaust valve opens. At the same time, this ensures that the fresh gas line actually fresh gas into the exhaust port of a fired cylinder can arrive, because with this vote described in the individual Exhaust pipes prevailing pressure conditions are such that Fresh gas from the unfired cylinder through the fresh gas line in the exhaust pipe of a fired cylinder can flow.
  • the opening of the fresh gas line in the Area of the always fired cylinder preferably the exhaust valve facing away from that cylinder to make sure that the pre-exhaust blow is essentially without negative influence remains.
  • Fresh gas line can be divided into several lines branch and then in the exhaust pipes or exhaust ducts several cylinders open. This allows the cylinders that act as an air pump and are not fired several other cylinders still fired on the exhaust side supply with fresh gas. On the other hand, if it is temporarily not fired operable cylinder fired itself, so it can it may be advisable to take measures to prevent that its exhaust gas via the fresh gas line in the Exhaust pipes of the other cylinder arrives. Such Measure can be provided in the fresh gas line, switchable check valve.
  • each in the exhaust pipes of three cylinders are combined.
  • the exhaust pipes 11, 12, 13 of the cylinders with the numbers 1, 2, 3 form the first exhaust manifold 20, the Exhaust pipes 14, 15, 16 are to the second exhaust manifold 21 summarized.
  • Each of the exhaust pipes closes 11 to 16 on the assigned, cylinder-specific, Exhaust port 21-26 provided in the cylinder head 10 cylinder 1 to 6.
  • every outlet channel 21 - 26 towards the cylinder combustion chamber not shown limited by an outlet valve 31-36.
  • Cylinder No. 2 and Cylinder No. 5 are temporary operable without fire, these cylinders over a suction system, not shown, however, still fresh gas suck in and expel in the outlet channels 22, 25, so that the exhaust gas flow of the still fired cylinder no. 1, 3, 4, 6 fresh gas is added. In this exhaust gas stream an afterburn can be caused. However, since that is from the non-fired cylinders No. 2, 5 fresh gas ejected as close as possible the exhaust valves of the still fired cylinders and especially near the exhaust valves 33, 34 which continue fired cylinders No. 3, 4 added to their exhaust gas flow there are two fresh gas lines 17, 18 intended.
  • the fresh gas line 17 protrudes with the at times unfired Cylinder 2 facing end in the exhaust port 22 into, the corresponding opening 19 ' aligned with the outlet valve 32 of this cylinder 2 is, d. H. the mouth opening 19 'is this outlet valve 32 facing. In the same way, this applies to the Mouth opening 19 'of the fresh gas line 18, which is in the outlet channel 25 of the other temporarily operable without fire Cylinder No. 5 lies.
  • the orifices opposite the orifices 19 ' 19 '' of the two fresh gas lines 17, 18, those in the exhaust pipes 13, 14 of the always fired cylinders Nos. 3, 4 are the exhaust valves 33, 34 facing away from these cylinders 3, 4, d. H. from the exhaust valves 33, 34 directed away. With the described Orientation / alignment of the mouth openings 19 ', 19' ' the two fresh gas lines 17, 18 are optimal Flow conditions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine, mit mehreren Zylindern, von denen zumindest einer zeitweise unbefeuert betreibbar ist, um dem Abgas der befeuerten Zylinder Frischgas beizumengen, wobei mehrere der sich an die Auslaßkanäle im Brennkraftmaschinen-Zylinderkopf anschließenden zylinderindividuellen Abgasleitungen zusammengeführt sind.The invention relates to an internal combustion engine, in particular a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, with multiple cylinders, at least one of which can be operated at times without fire to the exhaust gas of the fired cylinder Add fresh gas, several of which are located on the outlet channels in the Internal combustion engine cylinder head connecting cylinder-specific exhaust pipes are merged.

Beispielsweise aus der US-A-4,075,837 ist es bekannt, einen Zylinder einer mehrzylindrigen Brennkraftmaschine zeitweise nicht zu befeuern, dabei jedoch diesen nicht befeuerten Zylinder weiterhin Frischgas ansaugen zu lassen, welches anschließend komprimiert und danach als unverbranntes Frischgas den Abgasen der befeuerten Zylinder beigemengt wird. Der nicht befeuerte Zylinder wirkt somit als Luftpumpe, mit Hilfe derer u. a. Sauerstoff dem Abgasstrom der befeuerten Zylinder zugeführt werden kann, um eine Nachverbrennung dieses Abgasstromes zu erzielen. Mit einer derartigen Nachverbrennung kann zum einen die Menge von Schadstoffen im Abgasstrom herabgesetzt werden, zum anderen kann eine in der Abgasanlage der Brennkraftmaschine vorgesehene Abgasreinigungsvorrichtung durch die Nachverbrennung im Anschluß an einen Kaltstart der Brennkraftmaschine beschleunigt auf ihre Betriebstemperatur gebracht werden. Der letztgenannte Aspekt ist bei Brennkraftmaschinen mit den bekannten Abgaskatalysatoren von besonderem Interesse.For example from US-A-4,075,837 it is known to form a cylinder Multi-cylinder internal combustion engine temporarily not to fire, however to let this non-fired cylinder continue to draw in fresh gas, which then compresses and then as unburned Fresh gas is added to the exhaust gases from the fired cylinders. The not fired cylinder thus acts as an air pump, with the help of which u. a. oxygen the exhaust gas flow of the fired cylinder can be supplied to a To achieve afterburning of this exhaust gas flow. With such a Afterburning can be the amount of pollutants in the exhaust gas flow on the other hand, one in the exhaust system of the Internal combustion engine provided by the exhaust gas purification device Afterburning after a cold start of the internal combustion engine accelerated to their operating temperature. The latter Aspect is in internal combustion engines with the known exhaust gas catalysts of special interest.

Die größte Wirksamkeit zeigt ein derartiges System mit Nachverbrennung des Abgasstromes durch den vom nicht befeuerten Zylinder geförderten Frischgasstrom bzw. Sauerstoff dann, wenn dieser Frischgasstrom bzw. Sauerstoff den Abgasströmen der weiterhin befeuerten Zylinder möglichst nahe am Auslaßventil bzw. an den Auslaßventilen der weiterhin befeuerten Zylinder zugeführt wird. In diesem dem oder den Auslaßventil(en) nahen Bereich besitzt nämlich der Abgasstrom des oder der befeuerten Zylinder(s) eine deutlich höhere Temperatur als weiter stromabwärts, wo die zylinderindividuellen Abgasleitungen zusammengeführt sind. Das Abgas der befeuerten Zylinder kühlt nämlich auf dem Weg durch die Abgasleitungen bis zur Zusammenführung der verschiedenen Abgasleitungen hin ab. Würde erst im Bereich dieser Zusammenführung ein unverbrannter Luftstrom oder Frischgasstrom, d.h. Sauerstoff, zugeführt, so würde sich aufgrund der dort niedrigeren Temperatur des Abgasstromes eine deutlich schlechtere Nachverbrennung einstellen, als wenn die Sauerstoffzufuhr in dem Bereich erfolgt, wo der Abgasstrom seine Maximaltemperatur besitzt.Such a system with afterburning shows the greatest effectiveness of the exhaust gas flow through that conveyed by the non-fired cylinder Fresh gas flow or oxygen when this fresh gas flow or Oxygen to the exhaust gas streams of the cylinders still fired, if possible close to the exhaust valve or the exhaust valves of those still fired Cylinder is fed. In this area close to the exhaust valve (s) namely, the exhaust gas flow of the fired cylinder (s) has one significantly higher temperature than further downstream, where the cylinder-specific Exhaust pipes are merged. The exhaust of the fired This is because the cylinder cools on the way through the exhaust pipes until it is brought together of the various exhaust pipes. Would only in Area of this merge an unburned airflow or fresh gas flow, i.e. Oxygen, would be added because of the lower there Exhaust gas flow temperature significantly worse afterburning set as if the oxygen supply is in the area where the exhaust gas flow has its maximum temperature.

Bei der bereits genannten US-A-4,075,837 mündet die Abgasleitung des zeitweise unbefeuert betreibbaren Zylinders direkt in die Abgasleitungen der stets befeuerten Zylinder, und zwar jeweils nahe deren Auslaßventile, um den soeben beschriebenen Effekt bestmöglich zu nutzen, d.h. um eine Sauerstoffzufuhr im heißesten Bereich der jeweiligen Abgasströme zu erzielen. Insofern ist diese bekannte Lösung wesentlich vorteilhafter als die aus der DE-A-21 63 537 bekannte Lösung, bei welcher der Frischgasstrom des unbefeuerten Zylinders den Abgasströmen der weiterhin befeuerten Zylinder erst im Bereich der Zusammenführung der einzelnen Abgasströme beigemengt wird, in welchem diese bereits geringfügig abgekühlt sind.In the already mentioned US-A-4,075,837, the exhaust pipe of the temporarily unfired cylinder directly into the exhaust pipes of the always fired cylinders, in each case close to their exhaust valves make the best possible use of the effect just described, i.e. for an oxygen supply to achieve in the hottest area of the respective exhaust gas flows. In this respect, this known solution is much more advantageous than that from the DE-A-21 63 537 known solution in which the fresh gas flow of the unfired Cylinders the exhaust gas flows of the still fired cylinders only added in the area of merging the individual exhaust gas flows in which they have already cooled slightly.

Jedoch besitzt auch die aus der US-A-4,075,837 bekannte Lösung Nachteile, und zwar dann, wenn der zeitweise unbefeuert betreibbare Zylinder befeuert wird, d.h. wenn auch in diesem Zylinder Arbeit verrichtet wird, die als Brennkraftmaschinen-Leistung abgegeben werden soll. In strömungsdynamisch ungünstiger Weise wird nämlich dann der Abgasstrom des zeitweise unbefeuert betreibbaren Zylinders auch dann in die Abgasleitungen der stets befeuerten Zylinder eingeleitet, und zwar in den gleichen Bereich nahe deren Auslaßventile. Abgesehen davon, daß diese bekannte Lösung hierbei dem Abgasstrom des zeitweise unbefeuert betreibbaren Zylinders einen hohen Strömungswiderstand entgegensetzt, ist die Einleitung des Abgasstromes des zeitweise unbefeuerten Zylinders in die Abgasleitungen der stets befeuerten Zylinder nahe deren Auslaßventile auch wegen der in diesen Abgasleitungen anzutreffenden Druckwellen nachteilig. Die sog. Ausschiebebarbeit zum Ausschieben der verbrannten Abgase, die im zeitweise unbefeuerten Zylinder verrichtet werden muß, wenn dieser befeuert wird, ist somit unverhältnismäßig hoch. Dementsprechend schlecht ist dann der Wirkungsgrad dieses zeitweise unbefeuerten Zylinders bei Befeuerung desselben.However, the solution known from US-A-4,075,837 also has disadvantages, and that when the cylinder, which can be operated at times without firing, fires will, i.e. even if work is done in this cylinder, which as Internal combustion engine power is to be delivered. In fluid dynamics In this case, the exhaust gas flow of at times becomes unfavorable Unfire-operated cylinder always in the exhaust pipes fired cylinder initiated, in the same area near their Exhaust valves. Apart from the fact that this known solution to this Exhaust gas flow from the cylinder, which can sometimes be operated without a fire, has a high Opposing flow resistance is the introduction of the exhaust gas flow of the temporarily unfired cylinder in the exhaust pipes of the always fired Cylinder near their exhaust valves also because of the exhaust pipes in these encountered pressure waves disadvantageous. The so-called push-out processing to expel the burned exhaust gases, which are in the sometimes unfired Cylinder must be performed when it is fired is therefore disproportionate high. The efficiency is correspondingly poor this temporarily unfired cylinder when firing the same.

Eine Abhilfemaßnahme für diese Problematik aufzuzeigen ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist vorgesehen, daß vom Auslaßkanal oder von der Abgasleitung nahe des Auslaßkanales des zeitweise unbefeuert betreibbaren Zylinders eine zusätzlich zur zugehörigen, mit den anderen Abgasleitungen zusammengeführten Abgasleitung vorgesehene Frischgasleitung abzweigt, die im Auslaßkanal oder in der Abgasleitung nahe des Auslaßkanales zumindest eines anderen befeuerten Zylinders mündet. Vorteilhafte Ausund Weiterbildungen sind Inhalt der Unteransprüche.
The object of the present invention is to provide a remedial measure for this problem.
To solve this problem, it is provided that a fresh gas line, which is provided in addition to the associated exhaust gas line merged with the other exhaust gas lines, branches off from the outlet channel or from the exhaust gas line near the exhaust channel of the cylinder, which can be operated at times without firing, at least one other in the exhaust channel or in the exhaust gas line near the exhaust channel fired cylinder opens. Advantageous training and further education are included in the subclaims.

Erfindungsgemäß wird das aus dem nicht befeuerten Zylinder in die Abgasanlage der Brennkraftmaschine gepumpte Frischgas nicht alleinig über die Abgasleitung dieses Zylinders dem Abgasstrom der übrigen, weiterhin befeuerten Zylinder zugeführt, sondern kann direkt über die vorgeschlagene zusätzlich vorgesehene Frischgasleitung möglichst nahe an das Auslaßventil bzw. an die Auslaßventile der weiterhin befeuerten Zylinder herangeführt werden. Durch diese möglichst nahe Heranführung von Frischgas an das Auslaßventil eines befeuerten Zylinders, die sich dadurch ergibt, daß die Frischgasleitung im Auslaßkanal oder zumindest nahe dieses Auslaßkanales mündet, wird eine deutlich bessere Nachverbrennung ermöglicht, was bereits erläutert wurde.According to the invention, this is from the non-fired cylinder in the exhaust system the fresh gas pumped to the internal combustion engine is not alone the exhaust pipe of this cylinder continues to the exhaust gas flow of the rest fired cylinder, but can be directly on the proposed additionally provided fresh gas line as close as possible to the outlet valve or led to the exhaust valves of the still fired cylinders become. By bringing fresh gas as close as possible to the Exhaust valve of a fired cylinder, which results from the fact that the Fresh gas line in the outlet channel or at least close to this outlet channel leads to a significantly better afterburning, which is already possible was explained.

Wird jedoch der zeitweise unbefeuerte Zylinder ebenfalls befeuert, so kann der aus diesem ausgestoßene Abgasstrom wie üblich über seine separate weiterhin vorgesehene Abgasleitung bis zur wie üblich gestalteten und daher strömungsgünstigen Zusammenführung mit den Abgasleitungen der anderen Zylinder geführt werden. Die oben geschilderte bei der US-A-4,075,837 auftretende erhöhte Ausschiebearbeit muß bei der erfndungsgemäßen Lösung somit nicht geleistet werden, wodurch der zeitweise unbefeuert betreibbare Zylinder auch im befeuerten Zustand einen guten Wirkungsgrad besitzt.However, if the temporarily unfired cylinder is also fired, it can the exhaust gas stream discharged from this, as usual, via its separate continue to be provided exhaust pipe to the usual designed and therefore aerodynamic merging with the exhaust pipes of the other Cylinders are guided. The one described above occurring in US-A-4,075,837 increased push-out work must be done with the solution according to the invention thus not be performed, which means that it can be operated at times without fire Cylinder has good efficiency even when fired.

Besonders vorteilhaft ist es dabei, wenn die Frischgasleitung im oder nahe des Auslaßkanales desjenigen Zylinders mündet, der in der Zündfolge der Brennkraftmaschine auf den zeitweise unbefeuert betreibbaren Zylinder folgt. Dadurch ist nämlich sichergestellt, daß direkt stromab des Auslaßventiles des befeuerten Zylinders dann Frischgas vorhanden ist, wenn dieses Auslaßventil öffnet. Zugleich ist damit gewährleistet, daß über die Frischgasleitung tatsächlich Frischgas in den Auslaßkanal eines befeuerten Zylinders gelangen kann, da mit dieser beschriebenen Abstimmung die in den einzelnen Abgasleitungen herrschenden Druckverhältnisse derart sind, daß Frischgas vom unbefeuert betriebenen Zylinder über die Frischgasleitung in die Abgasleitung eines befeuerten Zylinders strömen kann.It is particularly advantageous if the fresh gas line is in or near of the exhaust port of the cylinder that opens in the firing order Internal combustion engine on the temporarily unfired cylinder follows. This ensures that directly downstream of the exhaust valve of the fired cylinder fresh gas is available if this Exhaust valve opens. At the same time, this ensures that the fresh gas line actually fresh gas into the exhaust port of a fired cylinder can arrive, because with this vote described in the individual Exhaust pipes prevailing pressure conditions are such that Fresh gas from the unfired cylinder through the fresh gas line in the exhaust pipe of a fired cylinder can flow.

In die Frischgasleitung kann das aus dem nicht befeuerten Zylinder ausgeschobene Frischgas in optimaler Weise einströmen, wenn diese Frischgasleitung im Auslaßbereich dieses Zylinders mit ihrer Mündungsöffnung zum Auslaßventil dieses unbefeuerten Zylinders hin ausgerichtet ist. This can be pushed out of the non-fired cylinder into the fresh gas line Fresh gas flows in optimally when this fresh gas line in the outlet area of this cylinder with its mouth opening Exhaust valve of this unfired cylinder is aligned.

Hingegen ist die Mündungsöffnung der Frischgasleitung im Bereich des stets befeuerten Zylinders bevorzugt dem Auslaßventil dieses Zylinders abgewandt, um sicherzustellen, daß der Vorauslaßstoß im wesentlichen ohne negativen Einfluß bleibt.In contrast, the opening of the fresh gas line in the Area of the always fired cylinder preferably the exhaust valve facing away from that cylinder to make sure that the pre-exhaust blow is essentially without negative influence remains.

Die vom zeitweise unbefeuert betreibbaren Zylinder ausgehende Frischgasleitung kann sich in mehrere Leitungen verzweigen und dann in den Abgasleitungen oder Auslaßkanälen mehrerer Zylinder münden. Hierdurch kann der als Luftpumpe wirkende, unbefeuert betriebene Zylinder mehrere andere, weiterhin befeuerte Zylinder abgasseitig mit Frischgas versorgen. Wird hingegen der zeitweise unbefeuert betreibbare Zylinder selbst befeuert, so kann es empfehlenswert sein, Maßnahmen vorzusehen, die verhindern, daß dessen Abgas über die Frischgasleitung in die Abgasleitungen der anderen Zylinder gelangt. Eine derartige Maßnahme kann ein in der Frischgasleitung vorgesehenes, schaltbares Sperrventil sein.The cylinder that can be operated at times without firing Fresh gas line can be divided into several lines branch and then in the exhaust pipes or exhaust ducts several cylinders open. This allows the cylinders that act as an air pump and are not fired several other cylinders still fired on the exhaust side supply with fresh gas. On the other hand, if it is temporarily not fired operable cylinder fired itself, so it can it may be advisable to take measures to prevent that its exhaust gas via the fresh gas line in the Exhaust pipes of the other cylinder arrives. Such Measure can be provided in the fresh gas line, switchable check valve.

Die folgende Beschreibung eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels dient der näheren Erläuterung der Erfindung. In der einzigen Figurendarstellung gezeigt sind die beiden sog. Abgaskrümmer, in denen jeweils drei Abgasleitungen einer sechszylindrigen Reihen-Brennkraftmaschine zusammengefaßt sind, und die mit Frischgasleitungen gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung versehen sind.The following description of a preferred embodiment serves to explain the invention in more detail. In the only figure representation shows the two So-called exhaust manifold, in each of which three exhaust pipes summarized a six-cylinder in-line internal combustion engine are, and with fresh gas lines according to present invention are provided.

An den lediglich prinzipiell dargestellten Zylinderkopf 10 einer sechszylindrigen Reihen-Brennkraftmaschine sind zwei Abgaskrümmer 20, 21 angeflanscht, in denen jeweils die Abgasleitungen dreier Zylinder zusammengefaßt sind. Die Abgasleitungen 11, 12, 13 der Zylinder mit den Nummern 1, 2, 3 bilden dabei den ersten Abgaskrümmer 20, die Abgasleitungen 14, 15, 16 sind zum zweiten Abgaskrümmer 21 zusammengefaßt. Dabei schließt sich jede der Abgasleitungen 11 bis 16 an den zugeordneten, zylinderindividuellen, im Zylinderkopf 10 vorgesehenen Auslaßkanal 21 - 26 der Zylinder 1 bis 6 an. Wie üblich wird jeder Auslaßkanal 21 - 26 zum nicht gezeigten Zylinder-Brennraum hin von einem Auslaßventil 31 - 36 begrenzt.To the cylinder head shown only in principle 10 are a six-cylinder in-line internal combustion engine flanged two exhaust manifolds 20, 21, each in the exhaust pipes of three cylinders are combined. The exhaust pipes 11, 12, 13 of the cylinders with the numbers 1, 2, 3 form the first exhaust manifold 20, the Exhaust pipes 14, 15, 16 are to the second exhaust manifold 21 summarized. Each of the exhaust pipes closes 11 to 16 on the assigned, cylinder-specific, Exhaust port 21-26 provided in the cylinder head 10 cylinder 1 to 6. As usual, every outlet channel 21 - 26 towards the cylinder combustion chamber, not shown limited by an outlet valve 31-36.

Der Zylinder Nr. 2 sowie der Zylinder Nr. 5 sind zeitweise unbefeuert betreibbar, wobei diese Zylinder über eine nicht gezeigte Sauganlage jedoch weiterhin Frischgas ansaugen und in deren Auslaßkanäle 22, 25 ausstoßen, so daß dem Abgasstrom der weiterhin befeuerten Zylinder Nr. 1, 3, 4, 6 Frischgas beigemengt wird. In diesem Abgasstrom kann somit eine Nachverbrennung hervorgerufen werden. Da jedoch das aus den nicht befeuert betriebenen Zylindern Nr. 2, 5 ausgestoßene Frischgas möglichst nahe an den Auslaßventilen der weiterhin befeuerten Zylinder und insbesondere nahe den Auslaßventilen 33, 34 der weiterhin befeuerten Zylinder Nr. 3, 4 zu deren Abgasstrom beigemengt werden soll, sind zwei Frischgasleitungen 17, 18 vorgesehen.Cylinder No. 2 and Cylinder No. 5 are temporary operable without fire, these cylinders over a suction system, not shown, however, still fresh gas suck in and expel in the outlet channels 22, 25, so that the exhaust gas flow of the still fired cylinder no. 1, 3, 4, 6 fresh gas is added. In this exhaust gas stream an afterburn can be caused. However, since that is from the non-fired cylinders No. 2, 5 fresh gas ejected as close as possible the exhaust valves of the still fired cylinders and especially near the exhaust valves 33, 34 which continue fired cylinders No. 3, 4 added to their exhaust gas flow there are two fresh gas lines 17, 18 intended.

Die Frischgasleitung 17 ragt mit ihrem dem zeitweise unbefeuerten Zylinder 2 zugewandten Ende in den Auslaßkanal 22 hinein, wobei die entsprechende Mündungsöffnung 19' zum Auslaßventil 32 dieses Zylinders 2 hin ausgerichtet ist, d. h. die Mündungsöffnung 19' ist diesem Auslaßventil 32 zugewandt. In gleicher Weise gilt dies für die Mündungsöffnung 19' der Frischgasleitung 18, die im Auslaßkanal 25 des anderen zeitweise unbefeuert betreibbaren Zylinders Nr. 5 liegt.The fresh gas line 17 protrudes with the at times unfired Cylinder 2 facing end in the exhaust port 22 into, the corresponding opening 19 ' aligned with the outlet valve 32 of this cylinder 2 is, d. H. the mouth opening 19 'is this outlet valve 32 facing. In the same way, this applies to the Mouth opening 19 'of the fresh gas line 18, which is in the outlet channel 25 of the other temporarily operable without fire Cylinder No. 5 lies.

Die den Mündungsöffnungen 19' gegenüberliegenden Mündungsöffnungen 19'' der beiden Frischgasleitungen 17, 18, die in den Abgasleitungen 13, 14 der stets befeuerten Zylinder Nr. 3, 4 liegen, sind hingegen den Auslaßventilen 33, 34 dieser Zylinder 3, 4 abgewandt, d. h. von den Auslaßventilen 33, 34 weggerichtet. Mit der beschriebenen Orientierung/Ausrichtung der Mündungsöffnungen 19', 19'' der beiden Frischgasleitungen 17, 18 ergeben sich optimale Strömungsverhältnisse.The orifices opposite the orifices 19 ' 19 '' of the two fresh gas lines 17, 18, those in the exhaust pipes 13, 14 of the always fired cylinders Nos. 3, 4 are the exhaust valves 33, 34 facing away from these cylinders 3, 4, d. H. from the exhaust valves 33, 34 directed away. With the described Orientation / alignment of the mouth openings 19 ', 19' ' the two fresh gas lines 17, 18 are optimal Flow conditions.

Die Zündfolge der erläuterten, jedoch nicht näher dargestellten Brennkraftmaschine lautet 1-5-3-6-2-4, d. h. in den einzelnen Zylindern 1 bis 6 findet in der beschriebenen Abfolge die Verbrennung statt. Selbstverständlich werden in dieser beschriebenen Reihenfolge auch die Abgase über die jeweiligen Auslaßventile 31 - 36 ausgeschoben. Werden nun zeitweise die Zylinder Nr. 2, 5 unbefeuert betrieben, d. h. arbeiten diese Zylinder 2, 5 als Luftpumpe, so wird das von diesen Zylindern 2, 5 ausgeschobene Frischgas über die Frischgasleitungen 17 bzw. 18 dem Abgasströmen der stets befeuerten Zylinder Nr. 3, 4 exakt in dem Augenblick zugeführt, wenn diese Abgasströme in die Auslaßkanäle 23, 24 dieser Zylinder über die jeweiligen Auslaßventile 33, 34 ausgeschoben werden. Dabei wird über die Frischgasleitungen 17, 18 das Frischgas möglichst nahe der Auslaßkanäle 23, 24 in die Abgasleitungen 13, 14 eingeleitet, so daß das Abgas der beiden Zylinder 3, 4 noch ausreichend heiß ist, um eine optimale Nachverbrennung zu erzielen.The firing sequence of the explained, but not shown in detail Internal combustion engine is 1-5-3-6-2-4, i.e. H. in the individual cylinders 1 to 6 take place in the described Sequence the combustion instead. Of course the exhaust gases in this order pushed out via the respective outlet valves 31-36. Now cylinders No. 2, 5 are temporarily not fired operated, d. H. these cylinders 2, 5 work as Air pump, this is pushed out by these cylinders 2, 5 Fresh gas via the fresh gas lines 17 and 18 the exhaust gas flows of the always fired cylinders No. 3, 4 fed exactly at the moment when these exhaust gas flows into the exhaust ports 23, 24 of these cylinders via the respective ones Exhaust valves 33, 34 are pushed out. Here the fresh gas is via the fresh gas lines 17, 18 as close as possible to the exhaust ducts 23, 24 in the exhaust pipes 13, 14 initiated so that the exhaust gas of the two Cylinder 3, 4 is still sufficiently hot to ensure optimal To achieve afterburning.

Selbstverständlich wird bei unbefeuertem Betrieb der Zylinder Nr. 2 und 5 auch den aus den Zylindern 1 und 6 austretenden Abgasströmen Frischluft beigemengt; dies geschieht dabei direkt über die Abgasleitungen 12 sowie 15. Für die Abgasströme der Zylinder 1 und 6 ergibt sich dabei eine weniger effektive Nachverbrennung als für diejenigen der Zylinder 3 und 4, jedoch ist von besonderer Bedeutung, daß zumindest die letztgenannten Zylinder-Abgasströme besonders wirkungsvoll nachverbrannt werden. Dabei ist es durchaus möglich, weitere Frischgasleitungen, die von den vorhandenen Frischgasleitungen abzweigen können, auch in die Auslaßkanäle 21 und 26 der Zylinder Nr. 1 und 6 zu führen. Darüber hinaus sind selbstverständlich weitere Abwandlungen vom gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel möglich, ohne den Inhalt der Patentansprüche zu verlassen.It goes without saying that the cylinder is fired Nos. 2 and 5 also from cylinders 1 and 6 exiting exhaust gas streams mixed with fresh air; this happens directly via the exhaust pipes 12 and 15. This results in the exhaust gas flows of cylinders 1 and 6 a less effective afterburn than for those cylinders 3 and 4, however, is of particular importance that at least the latter cylinder exhaust gas flows be burned particularly effectively. Here it is entirely possible to add fresh gas lines that can branch off from the existing fresh gas lines, also in the exhaust ports 21 and 26 of the cylinders No. 1 and 6 to lead. In addition, there are of course others Modifications from the shown embodiment possible, without leaving the content of the claims.

Claims (7)

  1. An internal combustion engine having a number of cylinders (1 - 6), at least one (2, 5) of which can be intermittently operated when not fired in order to mix fresh gas with the exhaust gas from the fired cylinders (1, 3, 4, 6), wherein a number of exhaust pipes (11, 16) for individual cylinders adjoining the exhaust passages (21 - 26) in the engine cylinder head (10) are brought together,
    characterised in that a fresh gas pipe provided in addition to the associated exhaust pipe (12, 15) brought together with the other exhaust pipes (11, 13, 14, 16) branches off from the exhaust passage (22,25) or exhaust pipe (12, 15) near the exhaust passage (22, 25) of the cylinder (2, 5) which can be intermittently operated without firing, and opens into the exhaust passage (23, 24) or into the exhaust pipe (13, 14) near the exhaust passage (23, 24) of at least one other fired cylinder (3, 4).
  2. An engine according to claim 1, characterised in that the fresh gas pipe (17, 18) opens in or near the exhaust passage (23, 24) of that cylinder (3, 4) which in the engine ignition sequence follows the cylinder (2, 5) which can be intermittently operated without firing.
  3. An engine according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that in the region of the cylinder (2, 5) which can be intermittently operated without firing, the mouth opening (19') of the fresh gas pipe (17, 18) is aligned towards the exhaust valve (32, 35) of the said cylinder (2, 5).
  4. An engine according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the region of the still-fired cylinder (3, 4) the mouth opening (19") of the fresh gas pipe (17, 18) is turned away from the exhaust valve (33, 34) of the said cylinder (3, 4).
  5. An engine according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the fresh gas pipe (17, 18) starting from the cylinder (2, 5) which can be intermittently operated without firing is branched and opens into the exhaust pipes or exhaust passages of a number of cylinders.
  6. An engine according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that a shut-off valve is provided in the fresh gas pipe (17, 18).
  7. An engine, especially an in-line engine, with six cylinders (1 - 6) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the exhaust pipes (11, 12, 13) of the first three cylinders (Nos. 1 - 3) and the exhaust pipes (14, 15, 16) of the second three cylinders (Nos. 4 - 6) are brought together in a respective exhaust manifold (20, 21) and the ignition sequence is 1 - 5 - 3 - 6 - 2 -4,
    characterised in that cylinders Nos. 2 and 5 can be intermittently operated without firing and the fresh gas pipe (17) associated with cylinder No. 2 leads to cylinder No. 4, and the fresh gas pipe (18) associated with cylinder No. 5 leads to cylinder No. 3.
EP95108115A 1994-08-01 1995-05-27 Internal combustion engine with at least one intermittently non-fired operating cylinder Expired - Lifetime EP0695861B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4427214A DE4427214A1 (en) 1994-08-01 1994-08-01 Internal combustion engine with at least one cylinder that can be operated at times without fire
DE4427214 1994-08-01

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EP0695861A1 EP0695861A1 (en) 1996-02-07
EP0695861B1 true EP0695861B1 (en) 1999-01-13

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DE102021115406B3 (en) 2021-06-15 2022-08-11 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Internal combustion engine comprising a secondary air device

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DE2163537A1 (en) 1971-12-21 1973-07-12 Volkswagenwerk Ag PROCEDURE FOR HEATING EXHAUST GAS PURIFICATION SYSTEMS
US4075837A (en) * 1975-06-18 1978-02-28 Toyota Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Exhaust gas purifying system for an internal combustion engine
JPS59211709A (en) * 1983-05-17 1984-11-30 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Exhaust minute-particle disposing apparatus for fuel injection-type multicylinder internal-combustion engine
DE3723703A1 (en) * 1986-01-22 1989-01-26 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Internal combustion engine with at least one soot filter
DE4029672A1 (en) * 1990-09-19 1992-04-02 Daimler Benz Ag Multicylinder IC engine with exhaust catalytic converter - uses cylinders periodically to ventilate exhaust until warm=up is complete

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