EP0694755A1 - Explosive projectile - Google Patents

Explosive projectile Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0694755A1
EP0694755A1 EP95401646A EP95401646A EP0694755A1 EP 0694755 A1 EP0694755 A1 EP 0694755A1 EP 95401646 A EP95401646 A EP 95401646A EP 95401646 A EP95401646 A EP 95401646A EP 0694755 A1 EP0694755 A1 EP 0694755A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile according
explosive
charge
mass
intermediate charge
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95401646A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0694755B1 (en
Inventor
Jacques Nicolas
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Manurhin Defense SA
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Manurhin Defense SA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F42B12/201—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type characterised by target class
    • F42B12/204—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type characterised by target class for attacking structures, e.g. specific buildings or fortifications, ships or vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F42B12/208—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type characterised by a plurality of charges within a single high explosive warhead
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/44—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information of incendiary type

Definitions

  • the field of the present invention is that of explosive projectiles, in particular that of explosive projectiles of medium caliber, which are initiated on impact by a pyrotechnic rocket comprising at least one incendiary composition placed in a deformable warhead.
  • This delay results in a reduction of the close-up effects on the target relative to the firing point (impact on the target), and a slow revving.
  • the invention makes it possible to significantly improve the operation of projectiles initiated on impact by a pyrotechnic rocket comprising at least one incendiary composition placed in a deformable warhead.
  • the invention is also applicable to projectiles initiated by a conventional rocket (mechanical or electronic) comprising a primer ensuring firing by thermal effect (generation of a hot plasma). It also allows in this case to improve the initiation of the explosive charge, ensuring a faster passage in detonating mode.
  • the subject of the invention is an explosive projectile, in particular a medium caliber projectile, comprising a burst generator body inside which is placed an explosive and / or incendiary charge initiated by a means initiation, characterized in that it comprises an intermediate charge disposed between the initiating means and the explosive charge and consisting of a mixture of an explosive and a first pyrotechnic composition comprising the combination of at least an oxidant and at least one reducing agent.
  • Such an arrangement provides a means of initiation with increased sensitivity favoring the rapid initiation of the explosive charge.
  • the intermediate charge will for example comprise a homogeneous mixture of 20 to 70% by mass of the first pyrotechnic composition and from 80% to 30% by mass of explosive.
  • the explosive of the intermediate charge will comprise a secondary explosive associated with a metallic powder.
  • the explosive of the intermediate charge may for example comprise 70 to 90% by mass of secondary explosive, 10 to 30% of metallic powder, 0 to 3% of binder.
  • the secondary explosive of the intermediate charge will be chosen from the following compounds: Hexogen, Octogen.
  • the metal powder is an aluminum powder with a particle size between 300 and 500 micrometers.
  • the first pyrotechnic composition of the intermediate charge comprises 40% to 80% by mass of oxidant and 60% to 20% by mass of reducing agent.
  • the oxidant will be chosen in particular from the following compounds or their mixtures: Barium nitrate, Potassium nitrate, Barium chlorate, Potassium perchlorate, Barium perchlorate, Barium peroxide.
  • the reducing agent will be chosen from the following compounds, their mixtures or their intermetallic alloys: aluminum powder, magnesium powder, uranium powder, silicon powder.
  • the first pyrotechnic composition of the intermediate charge comprises: 30 to 50% by mass of Barium Nitrate, 10 to 30% by mass of Barium Chlorate. 10 to 30% by mass of an Aluminum / Magnesium alloy 10 to 30% by mass of sieved Magnesium (fine particle size, for example less than 300 microns)
  • the explosive charge comprises at least one axial cavity into which the intermediate charge penetrates, a cavity intended to increase the contact surface between the explosive charge and the intermediate charge.
  • Such a configuration by increasing the contact surfaces between the intermediate charge and the explosive charge, makes it possible to reduce the delay in initiating the explosive charge.
  • the intermediate load can be placed loose or slightly packed in the axial cavity.
  • the intermediate charge can also be poured or compressed and will include at least one axial hole positioned opposite the priming means.
  • This configuration increases the contact surfaces between the intermediate charge and the plasma supplied by the initiating means, which also makes it possible to reduce the delay in initiating the explosive charge.
  • a second pyrotechnic composition is placed in the axial hole or holes of the intermediate charge.
  • This second pyrotechnic composition is advantageously arranged loose or not very compacted in the axial hole or holes.
  • the presence of a loosely packed composition also makes it possible to increase the contact surface between the plasma and the second pyrotechnic composition.
  • the second pyrotechnic composition has the same formulation as the intermediate charge.
  • a screen made of combustible material is interposed between the priming means and the intermediate load.
  • the presence of a screen ensures confinement which allows a rise in pressure of the plasma from the initiation means.
  • the screen also improves the security of the projectile by preventing any contact between particles of the intermediate composition and the initiating means.
  • the screen will have a thickness of between 0.05 and 0.3mm and it will be made of nitrofilm, propellant or craft paper.
  • the screen has the shape of a disc, or it has at least one concave zone penetrating at least partially into the axial hole or holes of the intermediate load.
  • the splinter-generating body will advantageously have undergone a structural treatment promoting the formation of splinters, for example quenching and tempering, electronic bombardment or localized heating by laser.
  • the priming means consists of a pyrotechnic rocket comprising at least one incendiary composition placed in a deformable warhead.
  • a projectile 1 according to the invention comprises a metallic body 2 carrying at its rear part a belt 3 and at its front part an initiating means 4, constituted by a pyrotechnic rocket fixed to the body by thread.
  • the pyrotechnic rocket comprises two incendiary compositions 5a, 5b arranged in a deformable warhead 6. Such a rocket is described in detail in patent FR9009111 and its structure will not be specified further here.
  • the body 2 made of steel or aluminum, will preferably have undergone a structural treatment promoting the formation of splinters, for example quenching followed by tempering, electronic bombardment or localized heating by laser. Bombardment and heating will be carried out on longitudinal and circular generators in order to define a mesh of the desired fragments (such a process is described in patent FR7829211).
  • the body 2 could also include preformed flakes.
  • the body 2 of the projectile contains an explosive charge 7 of known type, comprising for example a secondary explosive such as hexogen or octogen, and which may advantageously include a charge of metallic powder (such as aluminum) to reinforce its pyrophoric capacities (such mixtures combining hexogen or octogen with aluminum are marketed under the names Hexal or Octal respectively).
  • a secondary explosive such as hexogen or octogen
  • metallic powder such as aluminum
  • the explosive charge will be put in place by casting, compression or injection.
  • the height and diameter of the cavity will usually be between half and one sixth of the diameter of the bore 2a of the body 2.
  • the body 2 also contains an intermediate charge 9 disposed between the initiating means 4 and the explosive charge 7.
  • This intermediate charge consists of a mixture of an explosive and a first pyrotechnic composition comprising the combination of at least one oxidant and at least one reducing agent.
  • a homogeneous mixture of 30% to 70% by mass of pyrotechnic composition and from 10% to 30% by mass of explosive will preferably be chosen to carry out the intermediate charge.
  • the explosive may be a secondary explosive known as hexogen or octogen or an explosive charged with a metallic powder such as aluminum (Hexal or Octal).
  • the same explosive will be chosen as that constituting the load 7.
  • the first pyrotechnic composition will for example comprise 40% to 80% by mass of oxidant and 60% to 20% by mass of reducing agent.
  • this composition is to facilitate the initiation of the secondary explosive with which it is mixed. This initiation results from a significant rise in temperature, causing the speed of movement of the wavefront to go from a lower speed 2000m / s to another higher than 2000m / s, and thus causing a detonation of all or part of the secondary explosive.
  • the oxidant can be chosen from the following compounds or their mixtures: Barium Nitrate, Potassium Nitrate, Barium Chlorate, Potassium Perchlorate, Barium Perchlorate, Barium Peroxide.
  • the reducing agent can be chosen from the following compounds, their mixtures or their intermetallic alloys: aluminum powder, magnesium powder, uranium powder, silicon powder.
  • a first pyrotechnic composition comprising: 30 to 50% by mass of Barium Nitrate, 10 to 30% by mass of Barium Chlorate. 10 to 30% by mass of an Aluminum / Magnesium alloy 10 to 30% by mass of sieved Magnesium (fine particle size, for example less than 300 microns)
  • An intermediate charge comprising 30% to 70% by mass of this composition mixed with 70% to 30% by mass of Hexal is particularly well suited for initiating an Hexal type explosive.
  • the intermediate load can be put in place by casting or compression. It will fill the axial cavity 8 of the explosive charge.
  • the intermediate load 9 has an axial hole 10 which is disposed opposite the initiating means 4 and which here has substantially the same diameter as the cavity 8.
  • This hole 10 could for example be obtained during the compression of the intermediate load 9 by means of a punch of particular shape.
  • This hole is to increase the surface of the charge 9 which will be subjected to the plasma generated by the priming means.
  • the height and diameter of the hole 10 will usually be between half and one sixth of the diameter of the bore 2a of the body 2.
  • a screen 11 made of combustible material is placed on the intermediate charge 9.
  • This screen could for example be made of nitrofilm, nitrocellulose, propellant or craft paper.
  • the screen is kept pinched between the lower face 13 of the priming means 4 and a shoulder 12 of the body 2.
  • This screen isolates the intermediate charge 9 from the priming means 4. It provides temporary confinement which increases the pressure of the plasma (hot gases and glowing particles) coming from the initiation means 4.
  • the screen 11 also improves the security of the projectile by preventing any contact between particles detached from the intermediate charge 9 and the priming means 4 (particles which can detach as a result of the constraints of storage, transport and placing of the projectile).
  • this concave shape ensures the confinement of the ignition plasma inside the same.
  • the ignition of the load 9 is thus produced in a homogeneous manner over the entire surface of the hole, which increases the reliability and reproducibility of the ignition.
  • FIG. 2 represents another embodiment of a projectile according to the invention.
  • This mode differs from the previous one in that the hole 10 is completely filled with a second pyrotechnic composition 15 arranged in bulk.
  • This pyrotechnic composition 15 is chosen with a formulation identical to that of the intermediate charge 9.
  • Such an arrangement makes it possible to increase the contact surface between the plasma generated by the priming means and the second pyrotechnic composition, which makes it possible to obtain an even shorter delay in lighting the intermediate charge 9.
  • the number of hot particles (aluminum grains of composition 15) which impact the internal surface of the hole 10 is thus increased.
  • the multiplication of incandescent impacts on the intermediate charge 9 improves the ignition of the latter.
  • the screen 11 has the shape of a flat disc pinched between the lower face 13 of the priming means 4 and the shoulder 12 of the body 2.
  • the second composition 15 another formulation than that of the intermediate charge 9.
  • a composition more or less sensitive to flame It is thus possible to precisely regulate the instant of ignition of the intermediate charge.
  • the invention can also be implemented when the priming means is of a different nature, for example when it is constituted by a mechanical or electronic rocket comprising a primer ensuring firing by thermal effect (generation of a plasma hot). An initiation of the explosive for loading in detonating regime is then ensured from a deflagrant thermal effect provided by the priming means as indicated above.

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Abstract

An explosive projectile (1) of medium calibre, which comprises a generator explosive body (2) in which are distributed an explosive and/or incendiary charge (7) initiated by means of a primer (4). The device also comprises an intermediate charge (9) situated between the primer (4) and explosive charge (7) consisting of a mixt. of an explosive and a prim. pyrotechnic compsn. consisting of the association of at least one oxidant and one reducing agent. <IMAGE>

Description

Le domaine de la présente invention est celui des projectiles explosifs, notamment celui des projectiles explosifs de moyen calibre, qui sont initiés à l'impact par une fusée pyrotechnique comprenant au moins une composition incendiaire disposée dans une ogive déformable.The field of the present invention is that of explosive projectiles, in particular that of explosive projectiles of medium caliber, which are initiated on impact by a pyrotechnic rocket comprising at least one incendiary composition placed in a deformable warhead.

On connaît par le brevet FR9009111 un tel projectile explosif. La coiffe de ce projectile contient des compositions incendiaires qui sont initiées lors de l'impact sur une cible et qui assurent la mise à feu d'un chargement explosif.We know from patent FR9009111 such an explosive projectile. The cap of this projectile contains incendiary compositions which are initiated upon impact on a target and which set off an explosive charge.

Le problème d'un tel projectile est que l'initiation du chargement explosif se trouve retardée par la lenteur de l'expansion du régime déflagrant des compositions incendiaires.The problem with such a projectile is that the initiation of the explosive charge is delayed by the slow expansion of the blast regime of the incendiary compositions.

Ce retard entraîne une diminution des effets rapprochés sur la cible par rapport au point de mise à feu (impact sur la cible), et une montée en régime lente.This delay results in a reduction of the close-up effects on the target relative to the firing point (impact on the target), and a slow revving.

C'est le but de la présente invention que de pallier de tels inconvénients en permettant de diminuer le retard d'initiation du chargement explosif et en améliorant le régime transitoire, ce qui assure une explosion plus rapide du projectile donc une formation des éclats également plus rapide consécutivement à l'impact sur la cible.It is the object of the present invention to overcome such drawbacks by making it possible to reduce the initiation delay of the explosive charge and by improving the transient regime, which ensures a faster explosion of the projectile therefore a formation of splinters also more rapid following impact on the target.

L'invention permet d'améliorer notablement le fonctionnement des projectiles initiés à l'impact par une fusée pyrotechnique comprenant au moins une composition incendiaire placée dans une ogive déformable.The invention makes it possible to significantly improve the operation of projectiles initiated on impact by a pyrotechnic rocket comprising at least one incendiary composition placed in a deformable warhead.

L'invention est également appliquable aux projectiles initiés par une fusée conventionnelle (mécanique ou électronique) comportant une amorce assurant une mise à feu par effet thermique (génération d'un plasma chaud). Elle permet également dans ce cas d'améliorer l'initiation du chargement explosif, assurant un passage plus rapide en mode détonant.The invention is also applicable to projectiles initiated by a conventional rocket (mechanical or electronic) comprising a primer ensuring firing by thermal effect (generation of a hot plasma). It also allows in this case to improve the initiation of the explosive charge, ensuring a faster passage in detonating mode.

Ainsi l'invention a pour objet un projectile explosif, notamment projectile de moyen calibre, comprenant un corps générateur d'éclats à l'intérieur duquel est disposé un chargement explosif et/ou incendiaire initié par un moyen d'amorçage, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une charge intermédiaire disposée entre le moyen d'amorçage et le chargement explosif et constituée d'un mélange d'un explosif et d'une première composition pyrotechnique comportant l'association d'au moins un oxydant et d'au moins un réducteur.Thus, the subject of the invention is an explosive projectile, in particular a medium caliber projectile, comprising a burst generator body inside which is placed an explosive and / or incendiary charge initiated by a means initiation, characterized in that it comprises an intermediate charge disposed between the initiating means and the explosive charge and consisting of a mixture of an explosive and a first pyrotechnic composition comprising the combination of at least an oxidant and at least one reducing agent.

Une telle disposition fournit un moyen d'amorçage à sensibilité accrue favorisant l'initiation rapide du chargement explosif.Such an arrangement provides a means of initiation with increased sensitivity favoring the rapid initiation of the explosive charge.

La charge intermédiaire comprendra par exemple un mélange homogène de 20 à 70% en masse de première composition pyrotechnique et de 80% à 30% en masse d'explosif.The intermediate charge will for example comprise a homogeneous mixture of 20 to 70% by mass of the first pyrotechnic composition and from 80% to 30% by mass of explosive.

Avantageusement, l'explosif de la charge intermédiaire comportera un explosif secondaire associé à une poudre métallique.Advantageously, the explosive of the intermediate charge will comprise a secondary explosive associated with a metallic powder.

L'explosif de la charge intermédiaire pourra par exemple comporter 70 à 90% en masse d'explosif secondaire, 10 à 30% de poudre métallique, 0 à 3% de liant.The explosive of the intermediate charge may for example comprise 70 to 90% by mass of secondary explosive, 10 to 30% of metallic powder, 0 to 3% of binder.

On choisira notamment l'explosif secondaire de la charge intermédiaire parmi les composés suivants: Hexogène, Octogène.In particular, the secondary explosive of the intermediate charge will be chosen from the following compounds: Hexogen, Octogen.

De préférence la poudre métallique est une poudre d'aluminium de granulomètrie comprise entre 300 et 500 micromètres.Preferably, the metal powder is an aluminum powder with a particle size between 300 and 500 micrometers.

Avantageusement, la première composition pyrotechnique de la charge intermédiaire comprend 40% à 80% en masse d'oxydant et 60% à 20% en masse de réducteur.Advantageously, the first pyrotechnic composition of the intermediate charge comprises 40% to 80% by mass of oxidant and 60% to 20% by mass of reducing agent.

On choisira notamment l'oxydant parmi les composés suivants ou leurs mélanges: Nitrate de Baryum, Nitrate de Potassium, Chlorate de Baryum, Perchlorate de Potassium, Perchlorate de Baryum, Peroxyde de Baryum.The oxidant will be chosen in particular from the following compounds or their mixtures: Barium nitrate, Potassium nitrate, Barium chlorate, Potassium perchlorate, Barium perchlorate, Barium peroxide.

On choisira par exemple le réducteur parmi les composés suivants, leurs mélanges ou leurs alliages intermétalliques: poudre d'aluminium, poudre de magnesium, poudre d'uranium, poudre de silicium.For example, the reducing agent will be chosen from the following compounds, their mixtures or their intermetallic alloys: aluminum powder, magnesium powder, uranium powder, silicon powder.

Selon un exemple concret de réalisation, la première composition pyrotechnique de la charge intermédiaire comprend:
   30 à 50% en masse de Nitrate de Baryum,
   10 à 30% en masse de Chlorate de Baryum.
   10 à 30% en masse d'un alliage Aluminium/Magnésium
   10 à 30% en masse de Magnésium tamisé (granulomètrie fine, par exemple inférieure à 300 microns)According to a concrete embodiment, the first pyrotechnic composition of the intermediate charge comprises:
30 to 50% by mass of Barium Nitrate,
10 to 30% by mass of Barium Chlorate.
10 to 30% by mass of an Aluminum / Magnesium alloy
10 to 30% by mass of sieved Magnesium (fine particle size, for example less than 300 microns)

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, le chargement explosif comporte au moins une cavité axiale dans laquelle pénètre la charge intermédiaire, cavité destinée à augmenter la surface de contact entre le chargement explosif et la charge intermédiaire.According to another characteristic of the invention, the explosive charge comprises at least one axial cavity into which the intermediate charge penetrates, a cavity intended to increase the contact surface between the explosive charge and the intermediate charge.

Une telle configuration, en augmentant les surfaces de contact entre la charge intermédiaire et le chargement explosif, permet de diminuer le retard d'initiation du chargement explosif.Such a configuration, by increasing the contact surfaces between the intermediate charge and the explosive charge, makes it possible to reduce the delay in initiating the explosive charge.

La charge intermédiaire pourra être disposée en vrac ou légèrement tassée dans la cavité axiale.The intermediate load can be placed loose or slightly packed in the axial cavity.

La charge intermédiaire pourra également être coulée ou comprimée et comportera au moins un trou axial disposé en regard du moyen d'amorçage.The intermediate charge can also be poured or compressed and will include at least one axial hole positioned opposite the priming means.

Cette configuration augmente les surfaces de contact entre la charge intermédiaire et le plasma fourni par le moyen d'amorçage, ce qui permet aussi de diminuer le retard d'initiation du chargement explosif.This configuration increases the contact surfaces between the intermediate charge and the plasma supplied by the initiating means, which also makes it possible to reduce the delay in initiating the explosive charge.

Selon une autre caractéristique, une deuxième composition pyrotechnique est disposée dans le ou les trous axiaux de la charge intermédiaire.According to another characteristic, a second pyrotechnic composition is placed in the axial hole or holes of the intermediate charge.

Cette deuxième composition pyrotechnique est avantageusement disposée en vrac ou peu tassée dans le ou les trous axiaux.This second pyrotechnic composition is advantageously arranged loose or not very compacted in the axial hole or holes.

La présence d'une composition peu tassée permet également d'augmenter la surface de contact entre le plasma et la deuxième composition pyrotechnique.The presence of a loosely packed composition also makes it possible to increase the contact surface between the plasma and the second pyrotechnic composition.

Selon un mode de réalisation particulier, la deuxième composition pyrotechnique a la même formulation que la charge intermédiaire.According to a particular embodiment, the second pyrotechnic composition has the same formulation as the intermediate charge.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, un écran en matériau combustible est interposé entre le moyen d'amorçage et la charge intermédiaire.According to another characteristic of the invention, a screen made of combustible material is interposed between the priming means and the intermediate load.

La présence d'un écran assure un confinement qui permet une montée en pression du plasma issu du moyen d'initiation.The presence of a screen ensures confinement which allows a rise in pressure of the plasma from the initiation means.

Une telle disposition permet d'améliorer l'allumage de la charge intermédiaire.Such an arrangement improves the ignition of the intermediate charge.

L'écran améliore aussi la sécurité du projectile en empêchant tout contact entre des particules de la composition intermédiaire et le moyen d'amorçage.The screen also improves the security of the projectile by preventing any contact between particles of the intermediate composition and the initiating means.

Pratiquement, l'écran aura une épaisseur comprise entre 0,05 et 0,3mm et il sera réalisé en nitrofilm, propergol ou papier craft.In practice, the screen will have a thickness of between 0.05 and 0.3mm and it will be made of nitrofilm, propellant or craft paper.

Selon des variantes d'exécution, l'écran a une forme de disque, ou il présente au moins une zone concave pénétrant au moins partiellement dans le ou les trous axiaux de la charge intermédiaire.According to alternative embodiments, the screen has the shape of a disc, or it has at least one concave zone penetrating at least partially into the axial hole or holes of the intermediate load.

Le corps générateur d'éclats aura avantageusement subi un traitement structurel favorisant la formation d'éclats, par exemple trempe et revenu, bombardement électronique ou échauffements localisés par laser.The splinter-generating body will advantageously have undergone a structural treatment promoting the formation of splinters, for example quenching and tempering, electronic bombardment or localized heating by laser.

Selon un mode de réalisation préféré, le moyen d'amorçage est constitué par une fusée pyrotechnique comprenant au moins une composition incendiaire disposée dans une ogive déformable.According to a preferred embodiment, the priming means consists of a pyrotechnic rocket comprising at least one incendiary composition placed in a deformable warhead.

D'autres avantages apparaîtront à la lecture de la description qui va suivre de divers modes de réalisation de l'invention, description faite en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels:

  • la figure 1 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'un projectile suivant un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention,
  • la figure 2 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'un projectile suivant un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention.
Other advantages will appear on reading the description which follows of various embodiments of the invention, description made with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • FIG. 1 is a view in longitudinal section of a projectile according to a first embodiment of the invention,
  • Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a projectile according to a second embodiment of the invention.

Si on se reporte à la figure 1, un projectile 1 selon l'invention comporte un corps 2 métallique portant à sa partie arrière une ceinture 3 et à sa partie avant un moyen d'amorçage 4, constitué par une fusée pyrotechnique fixée au corps par filetage.Referring to FIG. 1, a projectile 1 according to the invention comprises a metallic body 2 carrying at its rear part a belt 3 and at its front part an initiating means 4, constituted by a pyrotechnic rocket fixed to the body by thread.

La fusée pyrotechnique comporte deux compositions incendiaires 5a,5b disposées dans une ogive déformable 6. Une telle fusée est décrite en détail dans le brevet FR9009111 et sa structure ne sera pas précisée d'avantage ici.The pyrotechnic rocket comprises two incendiary compositions 5a, 5b arranged in a deformable warhead 6. Such a rocket is described in detail in patent FR9009111 and its structure will not be specified further here.

Le corps 2, réalisé en acier ou en aluminium, aura de préférence subi un traitement structurel favorisant la formation d'éclats, par exemple une trempe suivie d'un revenu, un bombardement électronique ou des échauffements localisés par laser. Bombardement et échauffements seront effectués sur des génératrices longitudinales et circulaires afin de définir un maillage des éclats souhaités (un tel procédé est décrit dans le brevet FR7829211).The body 2, made of steel or aluminum, will preferably have undergone a structural treatment promoting the formation of splinters, for example quenching followed by tempering, electronic bombardment or localized heating by laser. Bombardment and heating will be carried out on longitudinal and circular generators in order to define a mesh of the desired fragments (such a process is described in patent FR7829211).

Le corps 2 pourrait également comporter des éclats préformés.The body 2 could also include preformed flakes.

Le corps 2 du projectile contient un chargement explosif 7 de type connu, comprenant par exemple un explosif secondaire comme l'hexogène ou l'octogène, et qui pourra avantageusement comporter une charge de poudre métallique (comme l'aluminium) pour renforcer ses capacités pyrophoriques (de tels mélanges associant l'hexogène ou l'octogène avec de l'aluminium sont commercialisés respectivement sous les noms d'Hexal ou Octal).The body 2 of the projectile contains an explosive charge 7 of known type, comprising for example a secondary explosive such as hexogen or octogen, and which may advantageously include a charge of metallic powder (such as aluminum) to reinforce its pyrophoric capacities (such mixtures combining hexogen or octogen with aluminum are marketed under the names Hexal or Octal respectively).

Le chargement explosif sera mis en place par coulée, compression ou injection.The explosive charge will be put in place by casting, compression or injection.

On aménagera à sa partie supérieure une cavité axiale 8 cylindrique. Dans le cas d'une mise en forme par compression, il suffira d'utiliser pour la dernière étape de compression un poinçon présentant une forme appropriée.There will be fitted at its upper part a cylindrical axial cavity 8. In the case of compression shaping, it will suffice to use for the last compression step a punch having an appropriate shape.

Dans le cas d'une coulée on usinera la cavité.In the case of casting, the cavity will be machined.

La hauteur et le diamètre de la cavité seront compris habituellement entre la moitié et le sixième du diamètre de l'alésage 2a du corps 2.The height and diameter of the cavity will usually be between half and one sixth of the diameter of the bore 2a of the body 2.

Le corps 2 contient également une charge intermédiaire 9 disposée entre le moyen d'amorçage 4 et le chargement explosif 7.The body 2 also contains an intermediate charge 9 disposed between the initiating means 4 and the explosive charge 7.

Cette charge intermédiaire est constituée d'un mélange d'un explosif et d'une première composition pyrotechnique comportant l'association d'au moins un oxydant et d'au moins un réducteur.This intermediate charge consists of a mixture of an explosive and a first pyrotechnic composition comprising the combination of at least one oxidant and at least one reducing agent.

On choisira de préférence pour réaliser la charge intermédiaire un mélange homogène de 30% à 70% en masse de composition pyrotechnique et de 10% à 30% en masse d'explosif.A homogeneous mixture of 30% to 70% by mass of pyrotechnic composition and from 10% to 30% by mass of explosive will preferably be chosen to carry out the intermediate charge.

L'explosif pourra être un explosif secondaire connu comme l'hexogène ou l'octogène ou encore un explosif chargé d'une poudre métallique comme l'aluminium (Hexal ou Octal).The explosive may be a secondary explosive known as hexogen or octogen or an explosive charged with a metallic powder such as aluminum (Hexal or Octal).

Avantageusement et afin de simplifier le produit on choisira le même explosif que celui constituant le chargement 7.Advantageously and in order to simplify the product, the same explosive will be chosen as that constituting the load 7.

La première composition pyrotechnique comprendra par exemple 40% à 80% en masse d'oxydant et 60% à 20% en masse de réducteur.The first pyrotechnic composition will for example comprise 40% to 80% by mass of oxidant and 60% to 20% by mass of reducing agent.

Cette composition a pour fonction de faciliter l'initiation de l'explosif secondaire auquel elle est mêlée. Cette initiation résulte d'une élévation importante de la température, faisant passer la vitesse de déplacement du front d'onde d'un régime inférieur 2000m/s à un autre supérieur à 2000m/s, et provoquant ainsi une détonation de tout ou partie de l'explosif secondaire.The purpose of this composition is to facilitate the initiation of the secondary explosive with which it is mixed. This initiation results from a significant rise in temperature, causing the speed of movement of the wavefront to go from a lower speed 2000m / s to another higher than 2000m / s, and thus causing a detonation of all or part of the secondary explosive.

Elle donne également un effet incendiaire complémentaire au projectile.It also gives an incendiary effect complementary to the projectile.

On pourra choisir l'oxydant parmi les composés suivants ou leurs mélanges: Nitrate de Baryum, Nitrate de Potassium, Chlorate de Baryum, Perchlorate de Potassium, Perchlorate de Baryum, Peroxyde de Baryum.The oxidant can be chosen from the following compounds or their mixtures: Barium Nitrate, Potassium Nitrate, Barium Chlorate, Potassium Perchlorate, Barium Perchlorate, Barium Peroxide.

On pourra choisir le réducteur parmi les composés suivants, leurs mélanges ou leurs alliages intermétalliques: poudre d'aluminium, poudre de magnesium, poudre d'uranium, poudre de silicium.The reducing agent can be chosen from the following compounds, their mixtures or their intermetallic alloys: aluminum powder, magnesium powder, uranium powder, silicon powder.

On pourra par exemple adopter une première composition pyrotechnique comprenant:
   30 à 50% en masse de Nitrate de Baryum,
   10 à 30% en masse de Chlorate de Baryum.
   10 à 30% en masse d'un alliage Aluminium/Magnésium
   10 à 30% en masse de Magnésium tamisé (granulomètrie fine, par exemple inférieure à 300 microns)We could for example adopt a first pyrotechnic composition comprising:
30 to 50% by mass of Barium Nitrate,
10 to 30% by mass of Barium Chlorate.
10 to 30% by mass of an Aluminum / Magnesium alloy
10 to 30% by mass of sieved Magnesium (fine particle size, for example less than 300 microns)

Une charge intermédiaire comprenant 30% à 70% en masse de cette composition mélangé à 70% à 30% en masse d'Hexal est particulièrement bien adaptée pour initier un explosif de type Hexal.An intermediate charge comprising 30% to 70% by mass of this composition mixed with 70% to 30% by mass of Hexal is particularly well suited for initiating an Hexal type explosive.

La charge intermédiaire pourra être mise en place par coulée ou compression. Elle remplira la cavité axiale 8 du chargement explosif.The intermediate load can be put in place by casting or compression. It will fill the axial cavity 8 of the explosive charge.

Une telle disposition permet d'accroître la surface de contact entre la charge 9 et le chargement 7 ce qui améliore l'initiation de ce dernier par la charge intermédiaire 9.Such an arrangement makes it possible to increase the contact surface between the load 9 and the load 7 which improves the initiation of the latter by the intermediate load 9.

La charge intermédiaire 9 comporte un trou axial 10 qui est disposé en regard du moyen d'amorçage 4 et qui présente ici sensiblement le même diamètre que la cavité 8.The intermediate load 9 has an axial hole 10 which is disposed opposite the initiating means 4 and which here has substantially the same diameter as the cavity 8.

Ce trou 10 pourra par exemple être obtenu lors de la compression de la charge intermédiaire 9 au moyen d'un poinçon de forme particulière.This hole 10 could for example be obtained during the compression of the intermediate load 9 by means of a punch of particular shape.

La fonction de ce trou est d'accroître la surface de la charge 9 qui sera soumise au plasma engendré par le moyen d'amorçage.The function of this hole is to increase the surface of the charge 9 which will be subjected to the plasma generated by the priming means.

On améliore ainsi l'allumage de la charge 9 tout en diminuant le temps nécessaire pour réaliser cet allumage.This improves the ignition of the load 9 while reducing the time required to achieve this ignition.

Il est possible à titre de variante de donner un diamètre différent au trou 10 et à la cavité 8. On jouera ainsi sur le diamètre et/ou la profondeur du trou 10 pour régler le retard d'initiation de la charge intermédiaire 9. On pourrait également aménager plusieurs trous 10.It is possible, as a variant, to give a different diameter to the hole 10 and to the cavity 8. We will thus play on the diameter and / or the depth of the hole 10 to adjust the initiation delay of the intermediate charge 9. We could also install several holes 10.

La hauteur et le diamètre du trou 10 seront compris habituellement entre la moitié et le sixième du diamètre de l'alésage 2a du corps 2.The height and diameter of the hole 10 will usually be between half and one sixth of the diameter of the bore 2a of the body 2.

Il sera également possible d'adapter une charge intermédiaire 9 donnée à un chargement explosif 7 donné en jouant sur le diamètre et/ou la profondeur de la cavité 8. On pourrait également aménager plusieurs cavités 8.It will also be possible to adapt an intermediate charge 9 given to an explosive charge 7 given by varying the diameter and / or the depth of the cavity 8. It would also be possible to arrange several cavities 8.

Un écran 11 réalisé en matériau combustible est placé sur la charge intermédiaire 9. Cet écran pourra par exemple être réalisé en nitrofilm, nitrocellulose, propergol ou papier craft.A screen 11 made of combustible material is placed on the intermediate charge 9. This screen could for example be made of nitrofilm, nitrocellulose, propellant or craft paper.

L'écran est maintenu pincé entre la face inférieure 13 du moyen d'amorçage 4 et un épaulement 12 du corps 2.The screen is kept pinched between the lower face 13 of the priming means 4 and a shoulder 12 of the body 2.

Il présente une zone centrale concave 14 qui pénètre dans le trou axial 10 de la charge intermédiaire 9.It has a concave central zone 14 which penetrates into the axial hole 10 of the intermediate load 9.

Cet écran isole la charge intermédiaire 9 du moyen d'amorçage 4. Il permet d'assurer un confinement temporaire qui assure une montée en pression du plasma (gaz chauds et particules incandescentes) issu du moyen d'initiation 4.This screen isolates the intermediate charge 9 from the priming means 4. It provides temporary confinement which increases the pressure of the plasma (hot gases and glowing particles) coming from the initiation means 4.

Lorsque la pression et l'effet calorifique sont suffisants, le plasma traverse l'écran et vient en contact avec la charge intermédiaire 9. Cette action de l'écran permet d'améliorer l'allumage de la charge intermédiaire, on accroit ainsi la fiabilité de cet allumage et la reproductibilité de l'instant d'allumage d'un projectile à l'autre.When the pressure and the calorific effect are sufficient, the plasma crosses the screen and comes into contact with the intermediate charge 9. This action of the screen makes it possible to improve the ignition of the intermediate charge, thereby increasing reliability. of this ignition and the reproducibility of the instant of ignition from one projectile to another.

On choisira de préférence une épaisseur d'écran comprise entre 0,05 et 0,3mm.We will preferably choose a screen thickness between 0.05 and 0.3mm.

De par l'isolement qu'il procure, l'écran 11 améliore aussi la sécurité du projectile en empêchant tout contact entre des particules détachées de la charge intermédiaire 9 et le moyen d'amorçage 4 (particules pouvant se détacher comme suite aux contraintes de stockage, transport et mise à poste du projectile).Because of the isolation it provides, the screen 11 also improves the security of the projectile by preventing any contact between particles detached from the intermediate charge 9 and the priming means 4 (particles which can detach as a result of the constraints of storage, transport and placing of the projectile).

La forme concave particulière donnée à l'écran permet à celui ci d'assurer un maintien mécanique des particules de la charge 9 éventuellement détachées au niveau du trou 10.The particular concave shape given to the screen allows the latter to ensure mechanical retention of the particles of the filler 9 possibly detached at the level of the hole 10.

En couvrant sensiblement l'ensemble de la surface interne du trou 10, cette forme concave assure le confinement du plasma d'allumage à l'intérieur même de celui-ci.By covering substantially the whole of the internal surface of the hole 10, this concave shape ensures the confinement of the ignition plasma inside the same.

On réalise ainsi l'allumage de la charge 9 d'une façon homogène sur l'ensemble de la surface du trou ce qui augmente fiabilité et reproductibilité de l'allumage.The ignition of the load 9 is thus produced in a homogeneous manner over the entire surface of the hole, which increases the reliability and reproducibility of the ignition.

La figure 2 représente un autre mode de réalisation d'un projectile selon l'invention.FIG. 2 represents another embodiment of a projectile according to the invention.

Ce mode diffère du précédent en ce que le trou 10 est complètement rempli d'une deuxième composition pyrotechnique 15 disposée en vrac.This mode differs from the previous one in that the hole 10 is completely filled with a second pyrotechnic composition 15 arranged in bulk.

Cette composition pyrotechnique 15 est choisie avec une formulation identique à celle de la charge intermédiaire 9.This pyrotechnic composition 15 is chosen with a formulation identical to that of the intermediate charge 9.

Une telle disposition permet d'augmenter la surface de contact entre le plasma engendré par le moyen d'amorçage et la deuxième composition pyrotechnique, ce qui permet d'obtenir un délai d'allumage de la charge intermédiaire 9 encore plus bref.Such an arrangement makes it possible to increase the contact surface between the plasma generated by the priming means and the second pyrotechnic composition, which makes it possible to obtain an even shorter delay in lighting the intermediate charge 9.

La mise en place d'une composition 15 en vrac à l'intérieur du trou 10 permet de favoriser la formation du plasma d'allumage.The introduction of a composition 15 in bulk inside the hole 10 makes it possible to promote the formation of the ignition plasma.

De plus on augmente ainsi le mombre de particules chaudes (grains d'aluminium de la composition 15) qui viennent impacter la surface interne du trou 10. La multiplication des impacts incandescents sur la charge intermédiaire 9 améliore l'allumage de cette dernière.In addition, the number of hot particles (aluminum grains of composition 15) which impact the internal surface of the hole 10 is thus increased. The multiplication of incandescent impacts on the intermediate charge 9 improves the ignition of the latter.

Dans ce mode de réalisation, l'écran 11 a la forme d'un disque plan pincé entre la face inférieure 13 du moyen d'amorçage 4 et l'épaulement 12 du corps 2.In this embodiment, the screen 11 has the shape of a flat disc pinched between the lower face 13 of the priming means 4 and the shoulder 12 of the body 2.

Il assure comme précédemment le confinement du plasma issu du moyen d'amorçage et il empêche également tout contact entre les particules de la deuxième composition 15 et le moyen d'amorçage 4.As previously, it ensures the confinement of the plasma originating from the priming means and it also prevents any contact between the particles of the second composition 15 and the priming means 4.

A titre de variante il est possible de choisir pour réaliser la deuxième composition 15 une autre formulation que celle du chargement intermédiaire 9. Par exemple une composition plus ou moins sensible à la flamme. Il est ainsi possible de régler précisément l'instant d'allumage de la charge intermédiaire.As a variant, it is possible to choose to make the second composition 15 another formulation than that of the intermediate charge 9. For example a composition more or less sensitive to flame. It is thus possible to precisely regulate the instant of ignition of the intermediate charge.

Il est possible également de remplir partiellement le trou 10 avec cette composition. On utilisera alors un écran présentant une zone centrale concave afin d'assurer avec celui-ci le maintien de la deuxième composition 15.It is also possible to partially fill the hole 10 with this composition. A screen having a concave central zone will then be used in order to maintain the second composition 15 with it.

Il est possible enfin de modifier la sensibilité de la deuxième composition 15 en la tassant légèrement.It is finally possible to modify the sensitivity of the second composition 15 by compacting it slightly.

A titre de variante de l'invention il est possible de mettre en place toute la charge 9 en vrac ou légèrement tassée. Elle remplira alors la cavité 8 comme décrit précédemment et sera maintenue par un écran plan comme celui représenté figure 2.As a variant of the invention it is possible to set up all of the load 9 in bulk or slightly packed. It will then fill the cavity 8 as described above and will be maintained by a flat screen like the one shown in FIG. 2.

Une telle variante permet de simplifier les opérations de chargement. Le recours au vrac permet d'accroître la surface de contact du plasma d'amorçage avec la charge intermédiaire.Such a variant simplifies the loading operations. The use of bulk makes it possible to increase the contact surface of the initiating plasma with the intermediate charge.

L'invention peut aussi être mise en oeuvre lorsque le moyen d'amorçage est de nature différente, par exemple lorsqu'il est constitué par une fusée mécanique ou électronique comportant une amorce assurant une mise à feu par effet thermique (génération d'un plasma chaud). On assure alors une initiation de l'explosif de chargement en régime détonant à partir d'un effet thermique déflagrant fourni par le moyen d'amorçage comme indiqué précédemment.The invention can also be implemented when the priming means is of a different nature, for example when it is constituted by a mechanical or electronic rocket comprising a primer ensuring firing by thermal effect (generation of a plasma hot). An initiation of the explosive for loading in detonating regime is then ensured from a deflagrant thermal effect provided by the priming means as indicated above.

Claims (22)

1-Projectile explosif (1), notamment projectile de moyen calibre, comprenant un corps (2) générateur d'éclats à l'intérieur duquel est disposé un chargement (7) explosif et/ou incendiaire initié par un moyen d'amorçage (4), caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une charge intermédiaire (9) disposée entre le moyen d'amorçage (4) et le chargement explosif (7) et constituée d'un mélange d'un explosif et d'une première composition pyrotechnique comportant l'association d'au moins un oxydant et d'au moins un réducteur. 1- Explosive projectile (1), in particular a medium-caliber projectile, comprising a body (2) generating shards inside which is placed an explosive and / or incendiary charge (7) initiated by an initiating means (4 ), characterized in that it comprises an intermediate charge (9) disposed between the initiating means (4) and the explosive charge (7) and consisting of a mixture of an explosive and a first pyrotechnic composition comprising the combination of at least one oxidant and at least one reducing agent. 2-Projectile selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la charge intermédiaire (9) comprend un mélange homogène de 20 à 70% en masse de première composition pyrotechnique et de 80% à 30% en masse d'explosif. 2- Projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the intermediate charge (9) comprises a homogeneous mixture of 20 to 70% by mass of first pyrotechnic composition and from 80% to 30% by mass of explosive. 3-Projectile selon une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'explosif de la charge intermédiaire (9) comporte un explosif secondaire associé à une poudre métallique. 3- Projectile according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the explosive of the intermediate charge (9) comprises a secondary explosive associated with a metal powder. 4-Projectile selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'explosif de la charge intermédiaire (9) comporte 70 à 90% en masse d'explosif secondaire, 10 à 30% de poudre métallique, 0 à 3% de liant. 4- Projectile according to claim 3, characterized in that the explosive of the intermediate charge (9) comprises 70 to 90% by mass of secondary explosive, 10 to 30% of metallic powder, 0 to 3% of binder. 5-Projectile selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que l'explosif secondaire de la charge intermédiaire (9) est choisi parmi les composés suivants: Hexogène, Octogène. 5- Projectile according to claim 4, characterized in that the secondary explosive of the intermediate charge (9) is chosen from the following compounds: Hexogen, Octogen. 6-Projectile selon une des revendications 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce que la poudre métallique est une poudre d'aluminium de granulomètrie comprise entre 300 et 500 micromètres. 6- Projectile according to one of claims 4 or 5, characterized in that the metal powder is an aluminum powder with a particle size between 300 and 500 micrometers. 7-Projectile selon une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la première composition pyrotechnique de la charge intermédiaire (9) comprend 40% à 80% en masse d'oxydant et 60% à 20% en masse de réducteur. 7- Projectile according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the first pyrotechnic composition of the intermediate charge (9) comprises 40% to 80% by mass of oxidant and 60% to 20% by mass of reducing agent. 8-Projectile selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que l'oxydant est choisi parmi les composés suivants ou leurs mélanges: Nitrate de Baryum, Nitrate de Potassium, Chlorate de Baryum, Perchlorate de Potassium, Perchlorate de Baryum, Peroxyde de Baryum. 8- Projectile according to claim 7, characterized in that the oxidant is chosen from the following compounds or their mixtures: Barium nitrate, Potassium nitrate, Barium chlorate, Potassium perchlorate, Barium perchlorate, Barium peroxide. 9-Projectile selon une des revendications 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que le réducteur est choisi parmi les composés suivants, leurs mélanges ou leurs alliages intermétalliques: poudre d'aluminium, poudre de magnesium, poudre d'uranium, poudre de silicium. 9- Projectile according to one of claims 7 or 8, characterized in that the reducing agent is chosen from the following compounds, their mixtures or their intermetallic alloys: aluminum powder, magnesium powder, uranium powder, silicon powder. 10-Projectile selon une des revendications 7 à 9, caractérisé en ce que la première composition pyrotechnique de la charge intermédiaire (9) comprend:
   30 à 50% en masse de Nitrate de Baryum,
   10 à 30% en masse de Chlorate de Baryum.
   10 à 30% en masse d'un alliage Aluminium/Magnésium
   10 à 30% en masse de Magnésium tamisé (granulomètrie fine, par exemple inférieure à 300 microns) 10- Projectile according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the first pyrotechnic composition of the intermediate charge (9) comprises:
30 to 50% by mass of Barium Nitrate,
10 to 30% by mass of Barium Chlorate.
10 to 30% by mass of an Aluminum / Magnesium alloy
10 to 30% by mass of sieved Magnesium (fine particle size, for example less than 300 microns) 11-Projectile selon une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que le chargement explosif (7) comporte au moins une cavité axiale (8) dans laquelle pénètre la charge intermédiaire (9), cavité destinée à augmenter la surface de contact entre le chargement explosif (7) et la charge intermédiaire (9). 11- Projectile according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the explosive charge (7) comprises at least one axial cavity (8) into which the intermediate charge (9) penetrates, a cavity intended to increase the contact surface between the explosive charge (7) and intermediate charge (9). 12-Projectile selon une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que la charge intermédiaire (9) est disposée en vrac ou légèrement tassée. 12- Projectile according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the intermediate charge (9) is arranged in bulk or slightly packed. 13-Projectile selon une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que la charge intermédiaire (9) est coulée ou comprimée et comporte au moins un trou axial (10) disposé en regard du moyen d'amorçage (4). 13- Projectile according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the intermediate charge (9) is cast or compressed and comprises at least one axial hole (10) disposed opposite the initiating means (4). 14-Projectile selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce qu'une deuxième composition pyrotechnique (15) est disposée dans le ou les trous axiaux (10) de la charge intermédiaire (9). 14- Projectile according to claim 13, characterized in that a second pyrotechnic composition (15) is disposed in the axial hole or holes (10) of the intermediate charge (9). 15-Projectile selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que la deuxième composition pyrotechnique (15) est disposée en vrac ou peu tassée dans le ou les trous axiaux (10). 15- Projectile according to claim 14, characterized in that the second pyrotechnic composition (15) is arranged loose or slightly packed in the axial hole or holes (10). 16-Projectile selon une des revendications 14 ou 15, caractérisé en ce que la deuxième composition pyrotechnique (15) a la même formulation que la charge intermédiaire (9). 16- Projectile according to one of claims 14 or 15, characterized in that the second pyrotechnic composition (15) has the same formulation as the intermediate charge (9). 17-Projectile selon une des revendications 1 à 16, caractérisé en ce qu'un écran (11) en matériau combustible est interposé entre le moyen d'amorçage (4) et la charge intermédiaire (9). 17- Projectile according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that a screen (11) of combustible material is interposed between the initiating means (4) and the intermediate charge (9). 18-Projectile selon la revendication 17, caractérisé en ce que l'écran (11) a une épaisseur comprise entre 0,05 et 0,3mm et qu'il est réalisé en nitrofilm, propergol ou papier craft. 18- Projectile according to claim 17, characterized in that the screen (11) has a thickness between 0.05 and 0.3mm and that it is made of nitrofilm, propellant or craft paper. 19-Projectile selon une des revendications 17 ou 18 caractérisé en ce que l'écran (11) a une forme de disque. 19- Projectile according to one of claims 17 or 18 characterized in that the screen (11) has a disc shape. 20-Projectile selon une des revendications 17 ou 18, caractérisé en ce que l'écran (11) présente au moins une zone concave (14) pénétrant au moins partiellement dans le ou les trous axiaux (10) de la charge intermédiaire (9). 20- Projectile according to one of claims 17 or 18, characterized in that the screen (11) has at least one concave zone (14) penetrating at least partially in the axial hole or holes (10) of the intermediate load (9) . 21-Projectile selon une des revendications 1 à 20, caractérisé en ce que le corps (2) générateur d'éclats a subi un traitement structurel favorisant la formation d'éclats, par exemple trempe et revenu, bombardement électronique ou échauffements localisés par laser. 21- Projectile according to one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that the body (2) splinter generator has undergone a structural treatment promoting the formation of splinters, for example quenching and tempering, electronic bombardment or localized heating by laser. 22-Projectile selon une des revendications 1 à 21, caractérisé en ce que le moyen d'amorçage (4) est constitué par une fusée pyrotechnique comprenant au moins une composition incendiaire (5a,5b) disposée dans une ogive déformable (6). 22- Projectile according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that the initiating means (4) consists of a pyrotechnic rocket comprising at least one incendiary composition (5a, 5b) disposed in a deformable warhead (6).
EP95401646A 1994-07-22 1995-07-07 Explosive projectile Expired - Lifetime EP0694755B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9409081 1994-07-22
FR9409081A FR2722876B1 (en) 1994-07-22 1994-07-22 EXPLOSIVE PROJECTILE

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EP0694755A1 true EP0694755A1 (en) 1996-01-31
EP0694755B1 EP0694755B1 (en) 1999-09-15

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EP95401646A Expired - Lifetime EP0694755B1 (en) 1994-07-22 1995-07-07 Explosive projectile

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US (1) US5652408A (en)
EP (1) EP0694755B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE184697T1 (en)
DE (1) DE69512158T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2138166T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2722876B1 (en)

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EP0848228A3 (en) * 1996-12-10 2000-04-26 Diehl Stiftung &amp; Co. Ballistic high-explosive type projectile without a fuze

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US8122833B2 (en) 2005-10-04 2012-02-28 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Reactive material enhanced projectiles and related methods
USRE45899E1 (en) 2000-02-23 2016-02-23 Orbital Atk, Inc. Low temperature, extrudable, high density reactive materials
US20050199323A1 (en) * 2004-03-15 2005-09-15 Nielson Daniel B. Reactive material enhanced munition compositions and projectiles containing same
US20030140811A1 (en) * 2001-12-14 2003-07-31 General Dynamics Ordnance & Tactical Systems, Inc. Medium caliber high explosive dual-purpose projectile with dual function fuze
US20030183111A1 (en) * 2002-04-02 2003-10-02 Tasson Brian B. Mechanically fuzed high explosive projectile using pryotechnic initiation delay
US6805055B1 (en) * 2003-06-25 2004-10-19 Gamma Recherches & Technologies Patent Sa Plasma firing mechanism and method for firing ammunition
DE102005011638A1 (en) * 2004-03-15 2005-10-06 Alliant Techsystems Inc., Edina Reactive material enriched projectiles and related processes
FR2878320B1 (en) * 2004-11-22 2009-05-08 Giat Ind Sa AMMUNITION OR COMPONENT OF AMMUNITION COMPRISING A STRUCTURAL ENERGETIC MATERIAL
US8813652B2 (en) * 2010-09-17 2014-08-26 Amtec Corporation Pyrophoric projectile
US9068441B2 (en) * 2011-09-02 2015-06-30 Baker Hughes Incorporated Perforating stimulating bullet
US10436557B2 (en) * 2016-04-18 2019-10-08 Ammo Technologies, Inc. Armor-piercing projectile
DE102016008391B4 (en) 2016-07-09 2018-05-24 Diehl Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg bullet
RU174313U1 (en) * 2017-06-20 2017-10-11 Федеральное Государственное Бюджетное Образовательное Учреждение Высшего Образования "Новосибирский Государственный Технический Университет" High-explosive fragmentation projectile
DE102018104333A1 (en) * 2018-02-26 2019-08-29 Rwm Schweiz Ag Projectile with pyrotechnic active charge

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US2780995A (en) * 1952-07-09 1957-02-12 Bombrini Parodi Delfino S P A Projectile with extra-sensitive head
US4237787A (en) * 1977-11-26 1980-12-09 Diehl Gmbh & Co. Incendiary projectile
EP0068533A1 (en) * 1981-06-24 1983-01-05 Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon-Bührle AG Highly explosive shell with armour-piercing core having an incendiary effect
FR2587329A1 (en) * 1985-09-19 1987-03-20 Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale BINDER-LOADING ADHESION AGENT AND PROPULSIVE COMPOSITION CONTAINING THE SAME
US4648324A (en) * 1985-10-01 1987-03-10 Olin Corporation Projectile with enhanced target penetrating power
EP0399907A1 (en) * 1989-05-26 1990-11-28 Thomson-Brandt Armements Ammunition for spreading an incendiary mixture
FR2678262A1 (en) * 1991-06-26 1992-12-31 Poudres & Explosifs Ste Nale Low-sensitivity component of explosive ammunition comprising a dual composition explosive charge and process for obtaining a fragmentation effect

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0848228A3 (en) * 1996-12-10 2000-04-26 Diehl Stiftung &amp; Co. Ballistic high-explosive type projectile without a fuze

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5652408A (en) 1997-07-29
EP0694755B1 (en) 1999-09-15
FR2722876B1 (en) 1996-09-13
ES2138166T3 (en) 2000-01-01
FR2722876A1 (en) 1996-01-26
DE69512158T2 (en) 2000-01-20
DE69512158D1 (en) 1999-10-21
ATE184697T1 (en) 1999-10-15

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