EP0694012A1

EP0694012A1 - Packing container

Info

Publication number: EP0694012A1
Application number: EP94902754A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Michael Christoph
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1993-04-16
Filing date: 1993-12-10
Publication date: 1996-01-31
Anticipated expiration: 2013-12-10
Also published as: WO1994024007A1; PL311124A1; ATE156083T1; EP0694012B1; PL174133B1; CZ264095A3

Abstract

The invention pertains to a packing container (1) that consists of at least a base (2) and side pieces (5), where the side pieces can be joined to each other and to the base by means of slide fittings (4) or, at least partially, combined slide fittings and pivoting fittings to form a firm interlocking engagement, so that the packing container can be assembled and disassembled without tools and can be used more than once.

Description

Packaging container

The invention relates to a packaging container, in particular a packaging box or the like, with a bottom part and a plurality of side parts which can be brought into engagement with one another and with the bottom part and with connecting fittings between the side parts and between the side parts and the bottom part.

For a variety of packaging tasks, especially for the dispatch of machine parts and systems, packaging crates, i.e. Packaging containers, which consist of interconnected crate elements, or packaging containers, such as packaging boxes with side walls, optionally stiffened by internal locking elements, usually made of wood, are customary, the packaging containers of this type being assembled with the aid of nails or screws and the packaging being removed Good things often go hand in hand with the destruction of the packaging container. In the case of a conventional packaging box made of stiffened multilayer boards made of wood or wood waste, the individual plate parts of the packaging box are connected to one another by means of metal clips, with the risk of losing the metal clips during transport or after dismantling always being present and requiring a relatively complicated, risk-prone assembly is.

Conventional packaging containers, among which, in the context of this application, both packaging crates, consisting of individual, interconnected crate elements, as well as closed packaging containers, such as Packing boxes with closed side walls, for example for the dispatch of machines or machine parts, are therefore disadvantageous both in the final packaging at the dispatch location and when opening at the recipient location insofar as their assembly and disassembly often requires considerable labor using appropriate tools required. During assembly, moreover, the problem arises that in many cases sufficient intrinsic stability is only achieved after the complete assembly of the box body, while manual assembly of the individual parts before their attachment to one another, possibly by several people, is required during assembly. Moreover, in the case of packaging boxes, the objects to be packaged can often only be inserted into the packaging container from above, since there is no lateral access to the interior of the packaging container or the packaging box.

The removal of the fastening parts when the packaging container or the packaging box or the packaging crate is opened often leads to irreparable damage due to the use of tools, so that a reuse of the packaging container often cannot be thought of or a sensible return of the packaging material to the starting point not possible.

The invention is therefore based on the object of improving a packaging container of the type mentioned at the outset, in such a way that, with the packaging container being highly stable, rapid and uncomplicated, cost-effective assembly or disassembly, even in the partially assembled or disassembled state, is essentially possible without the use of assembly tools. This object is achieved according to the invention in that the connecting fittings are formed by pressure angles which can be brought into locking comb engagement with one another in pairs with a rotary movement and / or a linear relative movement.

With the solution according to the invention, associated pressure angles, e.g. the pressure angles of adjacent side walls extending at right angles to one another, or else the pressure angles interacting with the pressure angles of the base part from opposite side parts are brought into a comb-like locking engagement with one another, so that each element after assembly with the previous element already forms an independently stable unit and an extremely simple assembly of the packaging body with high stability of the same is made possible.

The pressure angles can be formed by fitting elements which are angle pieces, in particular angle plates, angle profile rails or hollow profiles with a free locking leg, wherein these pressure angles can be brought into engagement with similar counter-pressure angles either in that they have a lateral, straight line Relative movement are pushed into each other and in this way produce the locking comb engagement, or else engage in fitting elements which form the pressure angle as a recessed negative form, such fitting elements both a rotational engagement of the pressure angle designed as an angle piece, at the same time, however, comb locking by means of a linear relative movement is also possible. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least one of two adjacent side parts has horizontally and / or vertically arranged engagement angles which are spaced apart by a free locking leg and while leaving a distance to an adjacent one which corresponds at least to the material thickness of the locking leg Flat surface are arranged and the pressure angle at right angles to each other bottom and / or side parts and / or a cover part can be brought in pairs in locking rotational and / or displacement engagement.

The connecting fittings can therefore be formed at all points by means of the same pressure angle, for example angle plates, which are brought into meshing engagement with one another by lateral displacement engagement, or a part of the pressure angle can be formed by U-shaped rails or pieces, which ent ¬ along a side inner surface of the U-profile at least partially have a profile body to form an angle-profiled interior of the U-profile rail or the U-profile piece, so that these, for example, along two opposite edges of the base plate as recessed U-profile rails or U -Profile pieces form counter-shaped elements for the free locking legs of associated angle pieces or angle plates, into which they engage by means of a rotary movement, so that it is not absolutely necessary that a lateral relative movement between the side parts and the Bottom part takes place and, for example, a side part can be erected from the horizontal into the vertical by a pivoting movement and then locked engagement of the free locking leg in the angularly profiled U-profile is connected to the base plate in a self-retaining manner, while, for example, the remaining side parts are fastened by displacement engagement of pairs of free locking legs of angle pieces.

In order to form a counter-pressure angle through such a U-profile rail or a U-profile piece, the profile bodies inserted into the U-profile rails or pieces are preferably profile bars welded to an inner side surface of the U-profile, in particular with a triangular, rectangular, semicircular or half-polygonal cross-section.

If necessary, a U-profile can also be used, one profile leg of which protrudes inwards with the integral formation of a counter-pressure angle as an extruded profile.

Preferably, a U-profile rail or a U-profile piece on a profile leg is provided with a plurality of spaced-apart beads projecting inwards into the U-profile, by means of which a partially angle-profiled interior is formed for engaging the free locking leg of the pressure angle.

The assembly of the individual parts of the packaging body, that is to say both individual crimping elements and also closed plates, with stiffening locking elements provided on the inside thereof, for example, is carried out in such a way that either the free locking legs of the engagement angle provided for comb engagement with one another Contra-angles) after mutual relative Shift come into engagement with one another by the free locking legs of the engagement angles engaging in pairs engaging in the locking gap between the locking leg and the opposite flat surface of the part to which the engagement angle is connected, or, when forming a pair of connecting elements, as a projecting engagement angle a free locking leg and, on the other hand, as a "negative for" this free locking leg in a correspondingly profiled interior of a U-profile rail or a U-profile piece, in that the free locking leg locks into the "negative shape" by rotating movement by approximately 90 ° intervenes.

Preferably, these U-profile rails or U-profile pieces prepared for the twist-lock engagement of free locking legs of pressure angles are designed in such a way that a lateral displacement engagement of the free locking leg is also possible, so that these narrowed U from an inner side surface Profile rails or U-profile pieces can be used both as part of a rotating fitting and as a sliding fitting, in which a free locking leg of an engagement angle engages from one end.

According to a first, preferred embodiment of the invention, in which all combing interventions are brought into engagement with one another by straight relative movement, the free locking leg of pressure angles is used to assemble a packaging body, such as a packaging stopper (consisting of interconnected, spaced spacing impact elements) or a packaging box (closed wall parts) by simple displacement intervention, ie a relative displacement of engagement angles provided in pairs for mutual locking, which are fastened to the side parts, the base part and an optionally provided cover part.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, in which the packaging body consists of a packaging crate, i.e. consists of individual crimping elements, the bottom part consists of a plurality of spaced-apart crimping elements with pressure angles arranged on opposite sides, which are provided for locking engagement (comb engagement) with associated pressure angles of crimping elements forming the side parts.

According to a further exemplary embodiment of the invention, each side part has an outer wall plate, with a frame rectangle formed from locking elements on an inside of the wall plate.

According to a further preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention, the locking elements of the side parts form closed frame quadrilaterals made of horizontal and vertical bars, wherein at least on the vertical bars pressure angles are arranged.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, two opposite side parts of the packaging container are of identical design, two opposite side parts engaging angles along the circumference of the closed frame rectangle both on the upper and lower horizontal bars and on the Have vertical bars, while the other two remaining side parts have pressure angles only on the vertical bars for locking with the complementary pressure angles on the vertical bars of the two other side parts.

For the preferred embodiment of the packaging body as a packaging container or packaging box with closed walls, according to a further exemplary embodiment of the invention it is provided that the base part forms a base plate which can be fastened, for example, on a pallet, and that runs along two opposite sides The outer edges of the base plate are arranged in mutually opposing pressure angles, the free locking legs of which extend adjacent and essentially parallel to the top of the base plate. With a base plate of this type, by inserting the corresponding free locking legs, the associated pressure angle of side walls into the locking gap between the free locking legs of the side plate-side engagement angle and the top side of the base plate, two opposite side walls can be mounted, while the remaining front side walls can also be mounted their vertical pressure angles with the corresponding counter pressure angles on the vertical bars of the two first side walls are hooked by a displacement engagement.

For the production of such a packaging box, therefore, according to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, each side part is designed with an outer wall plate and an inner frame rectangle formed from locking elements, that on the inside the wall plate is provided, the frame quadrilaterals being offset inwards with respect to the outer contour of the associated wall plate and bearing the engagement angles, adjacent side parts each being mountable at right angles to one another, and after assembly of the side parts on the base plate and below one another which is flush with the outer surfaces of the side parts.

In many cases it is desirable to close the packaging body by a cover part, in particular when configured as a packaging box. According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, a cover part is provided for this purpose, which has a cover plate with two locking parts arranged along opposite outer edges (parallel to those two opposite side walls, each of which carries pressure angles along their upper horizontal bars) and pressure angles attached to them , for locking engagement with the upper, horizontally arranged engagement angles of two opposite side walls.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, which leads to increased wear resistance of the connection of the side parts to the bottom part or the side parts to the lid of the packaging container and which further simplifies assembly and disassembly, it is provided that the pressure angle is at an angle NEN arranged, in particular welded to them and the angle rails are attached to the locking elements, in particular the horizontal or vertical bars. Here, the locking gap between the free locking leg of the pressure angle or the pressure angle and the opposite outer surface of one leg of the angle rail.

In such an embodiment, the locking engagement is therefore carried out exclusively by metal surfaces engaging with one another, so that both the locking of the side parts with the base part or with the cover by means of a metal-metal sliding connection is simplified and the position and the dimensional stability of the engagement angle is increased, so that even after a large number of assembly or disassembly processes, the engagement angles that come into meshing engagement can be assembled and disassembled reliably and easily in a displacement engagement.

A plurality of pressure angles is preferably arranged on a common angle rail and the angle rail is connected to a locking part, in particular a horizontal or vertical bar.

In a further development of this embodiment of the invention, the pressure angle or the pressure angles are integrally formed in one piece with the angle rail and in particular are formed by a continuous F-profile-shaped extruded profile. In this case, the leg of the angle rail is opposed by a continuous, free locking leg, possibly interrupted in the region of fastening bores in the leg of the angle rail, forming the locking gap, while the remaining legs of the angle rail and the pressure angle coincide.

In yet another embodiment of the invention, additional locking elements for formation can also be used a square frame or as a mounting part for the pressure angle can be completely dispensed with and the pressure angle or angles can be attached directly to the wall, floor or cover plate, in particular using a U-profile as a support profile, the free locking legs or a continuous free locking leg parallel run to one leg of the U-profile and leave the locking gap thereon.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, square hollow profiles are preferably used, with which a free locking leg is connected either integrally in one piece or as a welded-on angle piece or welded-on angle rail, these square hollow profile rails each directly on the inner surfaces of the side parts and the cover part or along opposite edge areas of the base plate, optionally also along additionally provided locking elements on the cover or side parts, so that the respective free locking legs of the square hollow profiles of side parts and / with little assembly effort and high rigidity or the base or cover part are brought into displacement engagement with one another and can be locked in this way.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the previously described connection fittings can also be changed such that a pair of connection fittings provided for meshing engagement each consist of a pressure angle with a free locking leg and a receiving counterpart, formed by essentially a " Negative "counterform of this free locking bar kels, in particular formed by U-profile rails or U-profile pieces, the inner cross section of which is narrowed from a side wall and leaving the floor area free, so that the ^" negative" pressure angle thus formed as an L-shaped receiving space has the free pressure angle The locking leg of the projecting pressure angle can engage from the side with a pivoting movement and can be locked by passing through an approximately 90 ° pivoting angle.

At the same time, such a pressure angle, which is formed by a specially internally profiled U-profile rail or a correspondingly specifically internally profiled U-profile piece, also allows the above-described lateral displacement engagement between the free locking leg and the inner profile of this unilaterally narrowed U-profile rail or this U-profile piece narrowed on one side, so that the free locking leg of a pressure angle can also be inserted from one end face into the U-profile rail, which is profiled to a pressure angle, with displacement engagement, while at the same time producing a meshing engagement.

Both types of locking and combinations of fittings can also be used together on a packaging container, so that, for example, one side wall of the packaging container can be pivoted onto the base plate, while the other side walls are locked by displacement movements. Furthermore, it is also possible that the U-profile rails or U-profile pieces profiled to form a pressure angle also permit the meshing engagement by relative longitudinal movement in relation to a free locking leg of an associated pressure angle. sen to provide these U-profile rails or pieces profiled as pressure angles on the side walls or the lid part of the packaging container.

Further preferred embodiments of the subject matter of the invention are set out in the remaining subclaims.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments and associated drawings. In these show:

1 is a perspective assembly view for a packaging box with a base plate, a longitudinal wall and an end wall,

2 shows a detail of a comb engagement between associated pressure angles of a side part and the base plate in an enlarged representation in section,

3 is an enlarged, perspective detail of the comb engagement of two associated pressure angles,

4 shows an inside of a cover part for the packaging box according to FIG. 1,

5 shows an assembly position of an end wall with a longitudinal wall in a corner region, seen from above,

6 shows a packaging box in the closed, fully assembled state,

7 is an angle rail with an attached to this handle angles in perspective,

8 shows an extruded profile for forming the one locking leg of the pressure angle in connection with an angle rail in an integrally integral design,

Fig. 9 is an extruded profile with formation of the free

Locking leg of the pressure angle in an integrally one-piece design with a U-profile for direct connection of a plurality of locking elements (packaging crate) or for direct attachment to wall, floor or cover plates (without stiffening locking elements),

10 shows an extruded profile as a square hollow profile with an angled rail welded to it for forming the free locking leg of a pressure angle,

11 an end wall with pressure angles mounted on angle rails in a perspective representation,

12 shows a longitudinal wall with pressure angles mounted on angle rails in a perspective representation,

13 shows a representation similar to that in FIG. 2 for the further exemplary embodiment of the invention,

14 is an illustration similar to that in Fig. 1, the pressure angles being formed by respective square hollow profiles with angle pieces welded to them, comparable to the extruded profile according to FIG. 10,

15 shows a representation similar to that in FIG. 1 for a further exemplary embodiment with rotary fittings embedded in the base part and direct attachment of pressure angles to the wall plates,

16 is a plan view of the bottom part of the packaging container according to FIG. 15,

17a shows a detail of a rotary fitting connected to the base part in a sectional view at the beginning of the engagement of a pressure angle connected to a side wall, the rotary fitting being placed on the base part,

17b shows a representation similar to that in FIG. 17a for a side wall shown in the fully locked position with the base part, the rotary fitting being shown here as recessed in the base part,

18a-18e are perspective representations of different embodiments of engagement angles which are provided as rotary fittings and / or sliding fittings and as counter-engagement angles and receiving parts for meshing engagement angles provided with free locking legs, wherein in the 18a - 18c profile bars in U-profiles to form a win- 18a, an integral U-extruded profile with a side inner wall of a U-leg projecting on one side in accordance with the embodiment according to FIG. 18a is shown, and FIG. 18e shows a U-profile with a plurality of inwardly bent beads to form the angle-profiled interior ¬ room is provided,

19a-19c cross-sectional representations of the U-profile pieces for the formation of rotary fittings and / or sliding fittings according to FIGS. 18a-18c,

19d is a sectional view taken along line A-A in Fig. 18e,

20 shows an angle plate as an exemplary embodiment of a pressure angle for forming a rotating and / or sliding fitting according to FIGS. 17a and 17b,

21 shows a schematic illustration of a rotating and / or sliding fitting connection between a longitudinal wall and an end wall of the packaging container as seen from above,

22 shows a longitudinal sectional illustration of a closing locking device for the cover part of the packaging container, and

23 is a front view of the locking device in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 22.

In the following exemplary embodiments, Packing container explains a cuboid packing box 1, 100, which can be assembled and disassembled practically without assembly tools, is at the same time completely transport-stable and transport-safe without additional fastening elements and can be disassembled without damage, with the individual elements of the packing box 1 also being returned after the disassembly thereof the packaging location is possible.

A first exemplary embodiment is explained below with reference to FIGS. 1-13.

The basic element of the packaging box 1 is a base plate 2, which determines the basic dimensions of the packaging box 1 and, in the present exemplary embodiment, has a rectangular geometry with long sides 2a, 2b and end faces 2c, 2d.

In the present exemplary embodiment (see FIGS. 1 and 2), the base plate 2 is firmly connected to a pallet 3, without this being absolutely necessary. However, this creates a very stable transport unit for forklift transport and increases the overall stability of the assembled packaging box 1. Pallet 3 can be a Euro pallet or can e.g. by runners which are integrally formed with the base plate 2, which have a similar function, e.g. for unimpeded forklift transport. In this exemplary embodiment, the base plate 2 consists of a multilayer composite plate made of plywood layers glued together with a thickness of approximately 20 mm.

The base plate 2 is mounted on the pallet 3 that the circumference of the base plate 2 is offset inwards with respect to the circumference of the pallet 3, to be precise with a dimension which essentially corresponds to the thickness of wall plates 6 of the side parts 5 which are explained further below, so that these are flush with the packaging box 1 after assembly complete the pallet bottom 3.

In the present exemplary embodiment, pressure angles 4 are screwed along the longitudinal sides 2a, 2b in the region of the support blocks of the pallet 3, as is also the case in FIG. 2, which shows a detail for a locking comb engagement between a pressure angle 4 of the base plate 2 and a Pressure angle 4 of a side part 5 is shown.

The pressure angle 4, the dimensions of which depend on the overall dimensions of the packaging box 1 and which e.g. consist of 2 mm angle iron, are screwed or riveted to a fastening leg 4a on the outside on the long side 2a or 2b of the base plate 2, such that the other leg of the pressure angle, hereinafter referred to as the free locking leg 4b, remains in place a distance from the top of the bottom plate 2 from the longitudinal side 2a or 2b inwards to form a locking gap 7. In the present case, the width of the locking leg 4b is approximately 20 mm.

As shown in FIG. 1, the base plate 2 in this embodiment has a rectangular shape with the two long sides 2a, 2b and the two end faces 2c, 2d, so that the end faces 2c, 2d are shorter than the long sides 2a, 2b . Along the opposite longitudinal sides 2a, 2b, longitudinal walls 8 are used as side parts 1, only one of which is shown in FIG. 1, the opposite longitudinal wall preferably having the same structure.

The longitudinal walls 8, of which only one is shown in FIG. 1, have the same structure and are first mounted on the base plate 2 and its pressure angles 4.

In the present exemplary embodiment, the side parts 5 and thus also the longitudinal walls 8 each consist of a wall plate 6, on the inside of which is offset inwards, a frame rectangle 9 made of locking elements 10 is fastened, these locking elements 10 horizontal bars 11 or Form vertical bars 12. On the upper and lower horizontal spar 11 of each longitudinal wall 8, at a distance corresponding to the distance between the pressure angle 4 on the base plate 2, also engagement angles 4 with their fastening legs 4 are fastened on the inside, for example screwed, in such a way that the free locking leg 4b each pressure angle at a distance above or below the horizontal bar 11 extends to the wall plate 6, with a locking gap 7 remaining on the top and bottom of the horizontal bar 11 as that between the corresponding free locking legs 4b the pressure angles 4 fastened to the base plate 2 and the upper side of the base plate 2 are provided. In this way, the longitudinal wall 8 shown in FIG. 1 can be attached to the base plate 2 in a very simple manner and in a further stabilizing manner during the assembly, in that the longitudinal wall 8 is placed on the base plate 2 such that shown in Fig. 1, the coming into a comb engagement Handle angle 4 are next to each other and then the longitudinal wall 8 is simply moved to the left in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 1, so that the free locking legs 4b of the pressure angle 4 of the longitudinal wall 8 and base plate 2 come into meshing engagement with one another on the longitudinal side 2a , as is shown schematically in section in FIG. 2 and in perspective representations in FIG. 3.

After this displacement intervention, in which the longitudinal wall 8 is additionally supported with its lower edge practically on the support blocks of the pallet 3 or with the outer sides of the locking legs 4b lying on the base plate 2, the longitudinal wall 8 becomes stable in assembly and without any further Support or bracket is required, the pressure angle 4 is already held firmly on the base plate 2 via the free locking legs 4b which are in engagement with one another. The second longitudinal wall 8, not shown here and opposite the longitudinal wall 8, is designed in the same way and is received in a corresponding manner on the other longitudinal side 2b of the base plate 2.

As illustrated in FIG. 1, the longitudinal walls 8 on their vertical bars 12 have further, here in each case two, engagement angles 4, which are screwed to the square frame 9 with their fastening legs 4a, while their free locking legs 4b to the left or right Top of the vertical spar 12 leaves a distance, the locking gap 7 (see also Fig. 5). To close the box on the end faces, end walls 13 are provided, of which only the rear end wall 13 is also shown in FIG. 1, which likewise has a quadrangular frame 9 made of horizontal and vertical bars 11, 12 has, the upper horizontal spar 11 serves here essentially to support locking elements 10 of a cover part which will be explained below, while the lower horizontal spar 11 limits the insertion of the end wall 13 downwards and rests on the base plate 2 in the fully assembled state. On the upper horizontal beam 11, an end strip 14 is attached.

The vertical bars 12 each carry in pairs corresponding to the arrangement of the pressure angles 4 on the vertical bars 12 of the longitudinal walls 8 pressure angles 4, the free locking legs 4b of which point inwards and leave a locking gap 7 with the adjacent vertical bar 12.

5 schematically shows the process of inserting and locking an end wall 13 on a longitudinal wall 8 for a corner area, the locking gap 7 being shown enlarged. In fact, the locking gap 7 essentially corresponds to the material thickness of the pressure angle 4, so that the free locking legs 4b which engage with one another tightly engage in the respectively associated locking gap 7. The end wall 13 thus already connects the longitudinal walls 8 ready for assembly and it is possible to use the interior of the packaging box 1 which has already been formed in this way for the lateral reception of packaged goods from the front end thereof.

The front end wall 13 has a structure corresponding to the end wall 13 shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, with the exception of a smaller notch on the upper edge of the upper horizontal spar 11 for inserting one shown in a bottom view in FIG. 4 Ceiling, left part 14.

The end wall 13 is thus assembled, as shown in FIG. 5, by attaching it to the already mounted, opposing longitudinal walls 8 in such a way that its engagement angles 4 come into meshing engagement with the pressure angles 4 of the longitudinal walls 8 by the engage the respective free locking leg in the associated locking column, the end wall 13 being pushed vertically downwards until the lower horizontal bar 11 is seated on the base plate 2. The end wall 13 provided for forming the front end of the packaging box 1, not shown here, is mounted in a corresponding manner, so that the packaging box 1 is stably closed on all sides on the circumference.

In the event that, as is often desired, the packaging box 1 is also to be closed on the cover side, a cover part 14 is provided, which is shown in a schematic bottom view in FIG. 4 and, in addition to a cover plate 15, two bars running in the longitudinal direction Parts 10, on which pressure angle 4 are fixed with inwardly projecting, free locking legs 4b in a distribution which corresponds to that of the pressure angle 4 on the upper horizontal bars 11 of the two longitudinal walls 8. In this way, the cover plate 15 can simply be pushed from the front end wall 13 onto the upper horizontal spars 11 of the two longitudinal walls 8, the cover plate 15 resting on the upper edge of the wall plates 6 and the packaging box 1 ending at a completely closed one Body forms as shown in Fig. 6.

The packaging box 1 forms an integral packaging Kungseinheit, which requires no further fastening elements or securing elements for transport. If necessary, a securing element which additionally secures the cover part 14 in its closed position, for example a locking pin which can be brought into engagement with an adjacent locking element and which is secured against unintentional loosening, can be provided.

The packaging box can be mounted by the locking engagement of the pressure angle 4 by simply plugging the side parts to one another and with regard to the longitudinal walls 8 with the base plate 2 and can be closed simply by pushing in the cover part, again with locking engagement of the corresponding pressure angle 4 become. Both assembly and disassembly can be carried out without special tools and can be carried out by a mechanic in each case without additional holding means or additional workers being required for this. The packaging box 1 can be easily disassembled into its individual parts and is easily reusable. If individual parts of the packaging box 1 are destroyed or damaged in a way that prevents further use, the packaging box 1 can be easily recycled, since a separation of wood and metal parts is easily possible by means of appropriate metal separators.

Another exemplary embodiment of the invention is explained below with reference to FIGS. 7 and 11 to 13.

This exemplary embodiment differs from the previously explained exemplary embodiment essentially in that by that the pressure angle 4 is not directly attached to the locking elements 10 (so that the engagement gap 7 is formed between the free locking leg 4b and the opposite plane surface (surface) of the locking element 10), but that along one side of the Bottom plate 2, the side part 5 or the cover part 14 arranged pressure bracket 4 attached to an angle rail 16, preferably welded thereto, such that the free locking leg 4b of the pressure angle 4 a leg 17 screwed to the associated locking element 10 is opposite the angle rail 16, so that the locking gap 7 is always formed between two metal surfaces and for the displacement engagement of the free locking legs 4b the pressure angle is always a metallic sliding guide, formed by the leg 17 of the angle rail 16. In this way, there is practically no wear even with frequent assembly or disassembly; the durability of the engagement angles 4 and their protection against external damage, also in connection with their fastening, is significantly improved, and a metal sliding connection is always provided for locking the individual box walls. A sectional illustration of an engagement connection between the base plate 2 and a longitudinal wall 8 according to this further exemplary embodiment is shown in FIG. 13. The lower horizontal spar is provided with a cutout in which one leg of the angled rail 16 runs and on which a fastening leg of the pressure angle 4 is fastened, preferably welded on. The remaining leg 17 of the angle rail 16 encompasses the lower horizontal bar 11 on the underside. In the longitudinal direction, as shown in FIG. 7, several pressure angles 4 are on the angular rail 16 attached. The locking gap 7 is formed between the free locking leg 4b and the opposite leg 17 of the angle rail. The associated counter-pressure angle 4, which is fastened on an angle rail 16 along the side edge of the base plate 2, engages in a corresponding manner.

For clarification, such an angle rail 16 with pressure angles 4 welded onto it is shown in perspective in FIG. 7. Fastening bores 18 (for the further leg of the angle rail 16 these are not shown here) serve to fasten the angle rail 16 to a locking element 10.

FIG. 11 shows an end wall with angle rails 16 fastened vertically thereon and pressure angles 4 welded to the angle rails 16. Such an end wall is provided for a lidless packaging box 1.

Fig. 12 shows the corresponding attachment of three angle rails 16 with associated pressure angles 4 on a horizontal spar 11 and the vertical spars 12 of a longitudinal wall 8, which is shown here with its top down, ie upside down, and to form a lidless packaging box serves. The pressure angles 4 connected to the upper, horizontally arranged angle rail 16 thus serve in practical use for locking engagement with corresponding pressure angles of a base plate 2 in a manner corresponding to the first exemplary embodiment. Of course, for a packaging box with a lid, the horizontal spar 11 lower in FIG. 12 could also be provided with an angle rail 16 and engagement angles 4 welded to it. For a flush engagement, the upper horizontal spar 11 or the vertical spars 12 are provided with a step milling on the side, so that the legs of the pressure angle 4 welded to the angle rails 16 are flush with their top side with the top side of the adjacent locking elements 10. The locking gap 7 is again formed between the free locking legs 4b and the leg 17 of the angle rails 16.

Further modifications with regard to the design of the pressure angle 4 or their integral union with an associated angle rail 16 or a U-profile rail 19 are shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 as examples of extruded profiles, which also form the locking gap 7 serve.

For reasons of accessibility and attachment e.g. 8, the locking leg 4b of the integral pressure angle 4 can have one or more recesses.

9 shows an extruded profile which provides the engagement angle 4 or the free locking leg 4b in an integral design with a U-shaped rail 19, such an engagement and fastening element also being able to form packaging containers without this Has locking elements 10. That is to say, U-shaped rails and the pressure angle 4 welded to them or integrally formed therewith could directly as fastening and mounting elements the outer wall plates 6 or the base plate 2 or the cover plate 15 according to the first embodiment are screwed or connected to them without the corresponding plate parts then having to have an inner frame square or horizontal or vertical bars forming locking elements. The locking gap 7 is then formed in one piece between a leg 17 of the U-profile and the free locking leg 4b. Here, too, recesses (not shown in more detail in FIG. 9) can be provided in certain sections of the free locking leg 4b or the leg 18 of the U-profile, in order to facilitate the fastening of the profile to corresponding plate parts.

Of course, such solutions, i.e. the connection of pressure angles 4 and profile rails 16 or extruded profiles including the use of U-profiles, as shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, are also used for the formation of packaging containers which consist only of crimping elements (packaging crates) and no closed sides ¬ have walls, top or bottom walls.

The pressure angle 4 can preferably also consist of a square hollow profile 20 with an angle profile 21 continuously welded to it, as shown in FIG. 10, which forms the locking gap 7 to the square hollow profile 20 and forms the free locking leg 4b is connected to this with its mounting leg 4a. If necessary (similar to what has already been explained with reference to the use of an angle rail 16 in FIG. 7), individual angle pieces can also be used as the pressure angle with formation of the free locking pivot between these and one side of the square hollow profile 20 (see FIG. 14).

An exemplary embodiment of this type, in which the packaging box 1 is used on all sides using such a square hollow profile 20 with welded-on angle profiles 21, is shown in FIG. 14. The square hollow profiles 20 are in each case parallel to the short and long sides of the side parts 5 and along the opposite longitudinal sides of the base plate 2 and along the vertical outer sides of the end walls 13 either directly on the respective wall plates 6 (in relation to each other) attached to the side parts 5) or to the relevant locking elements 10 of frame quadrilaterals 9 each provided on the side parts 5.

In this way, the assembly effort for the individual pressure angle 4 can be significantly reduced, while at the same time the rigidity of the locking arrangement is high. In this exemplary embodiment, a cover part for the packaging box 1 is not shown, but this could be provided in a corresponding manner with square hollow profiles 20 which have angle profiles 21 for forming free locking legs 4b and come into engagement with those along the top sides of the longitudinal walls 8 provided, corresponding pressure angles 4th

A further exemplary embodiment is explained below with reference to FIGS. 15-23, this exemplary embodiment differing from the previous exemplary embodiments insofar as it includes the possibility of at least a part of the connecting fittings consisting of interlocking engagements - Handle angles 4, which are locked together by lateral, linear displacement engagement, to be replaced by combined connecting fittings, which not only permit a comb engagement by lateral relocation, but also form rotary fittings, that is to say, for example, that a side part 5 is replaced by a pure one Rotational movement can be mounted in a stable manner on the base plate 2 without any lateral relative displacement between the side part 5 and the base plate 2 being necessary at all. This makes it possible, for example, to mount a side wall on the bottom part of the packaging box 1 by a pure rotary movement or pivoting movement, the same fitting also being able to be used on the side parts themselves, so that an assembly Pivoting movement about a vertical vertical axis can be provided depending on the use and packaging purpose of the packaging box.

For an explanation, reference is first made to FIGS. 17-19, while a representation of this exemplary embodiment corresponding to the representation according to FIG. 1 is shown in FIG. 15, with a plan view of a base plate according to this exemplary embodiment in FIG. 16 .

In this case, to form a rotary fitting, on the one hand, angle plates as pressure angles 104 are connected (screwed) directly to the side parts 105 (wall plate 106) along the lower longitudinal sides thereof and along the vertical sides, in such a way that a relatively short, free locking leg 104b is arranged at a distance from the underside of the wall plate 106 at a distance which is fixed to a profile width of a U-profile rail or U-profile piece 120 provided as a counter-pressure angle. The U profile rail or the U-profile piece 320 forms a counter-pressure angle through an angle-profiled interior as a "negative form" for locking comb engagement with the free locking leg 104b of the angle plate 104 in that along an inner surface of the U-profile rail or the U- Profile piece 120, at least partially, a profile bar 121 fastened, in particular welded to this leg of the U-profile rail or the U-profile piece 120, the profile bar 121 having a geometry which allows the angled area of the Angled plate 104 with the free locking leg 104b while standing up from a horizontal position shown in FIG. 17a into a vertical locking position, which is shown in FIG. 17b. 17a and 17b, the profile rod 121 has a triangular cross-sectional configuration. This allows the pressure angle 104 not only to be brought into locking engagement with the counter-pressure angle, formed by the U-profile rail or U-profile piece 120 having an angle-profiled interior, under the pivoting movement shown, but rather in a corresponding manner to that Displacement intervention according to the first exemplary embodiment of the free locking leg 104b of the angle plate 104 can also be brought into the same locking engagement by a displacement engagement in the longitudinal direction of the U-profile rail or of the U-profile piece 120, so that a connecting fitting is obtained in this way can be used both as a rotating fitting and the above-described displacement engagement between the free locking leg 104b of an engagement angle 104 and the engagement angle formed by the specially profiled angle rail or the specially internally profiled U-profile piece 120 (as a sliding fitting) permitted.

17a shows a structure in partial section, in which a plurality of U-profile pieces 121 are placed in the longitudinal direction along an outer side of the base part on the base plate 102, which in turn is connected to the pallet 103. A strip 122 is provided as an assembly aid and additional support along the inside of the U-profile pieces 120, without this being absolutely necessary.

Although this is not shown here, in such a case the distances between adjacent U-profile pieces 121 along the longitudinal side of the base plate 102 are lined with profiled bars of appropriate height, since otherwise a flat support of the in their mounting position (see Fig. 17b ) vertically erected wall plate 106 would not be given. 17b shows an alternative embodiment which makes this unnecessary, in that the U-shaped piece, as also shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, is embedded in the bottom plate 102 of the bottom part and is flush with the surface thereof , so that in the areas in which no U-profile pieces 121 are provided, the wall plate 106 is supported on the top of the base plate 102. The pallet is designated 103 in FIG. 17b.

Alternatively, with regard to the assembly according to FIG. 17 a, a continuous U-profile line 120 could of course also be selected.

18a-18d show various embodiments of U-shaped rails 120 with angle profiles Interiors shown, wherein in Fig. 18a - 18c welded profile bars 121 of different geometry, namely with a triangular, semicircular or rectangular cross section are shown. As an alternative to this, it is of course also possible to design the U-profile piece or the profile rail 121 itself as an extruded profile with a leg that is profiled on one side as an integral profile, which has a sliding engagement of a free locking leg 104b in the longitudinal direction as well as a turning handle of one Such locking leg 104b allows without having to use separate profile bars 121 (see FIG. 18d).

Instead of overall profiling of the leg of the U-profile rail 120 that is profiled on one side, it is of course also possible to provide the U-profile rail 120 on one side with a plurality of spaced-apart, inwardly projecting beads 121a, to form an angle-profiled interior, in which the free locking leg 104b of the associated pressure angle 104 (see FIG. 20) can engage both in a displacement engagement and in a rotational engagement. 19d shows a cross section in the region of such a bead 121a to form the angle-profiled interior 104 ′ of the U-shaped rail 120.

19a-19c, cross-sectional shapes of the U-profile rails or U-profile pieces 120 are again provided with profile bars 121 incorporated into them to form angularly profiled interiors, the angular profile of the interiors being designated in each case by 104 ', and in In this position, the pressure angle 104 is arranged with its free locking leg 104b are when the meshing between the two engagement angles 104 is complete.

FIG. 20 shows an angle plate 104 as the pressure angle, as it is fastened to the side parts 105 in each case without further stiffening elements or locking elements, as is shown in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 15, which shows a packaging box without a lid part in one Representation similar to that in Fig. 1 shows.

Due to the usability of the engagement angles formed by the angle-profiled U-profile rails 120 both as a sliding fitting and as a rotating fitting, it is possible to use such internally profiled U-profile rails or pieces 120 in wall plates 106, so that, as in FIG. 21 shown in sections, e.g. a longitudinal wall 108 with a pressure angle 104 can be brought into rotary engagement about a vertical vertical axis (if the front wall 113 is already present) or the front wall 113 can be pushed in from above after appropriate mounting of the wall plate 106 (see FIG. 15, front wall 113 with U-profile rails 120 vertically along the side edges with inserted profile bars 121), in the same way as in the first exemplary embodiment, although in this case the specially internally profiled pressure angle formed by the U-profile rail 120 with the free locking leg 104b of the pressure angle 104 of the longitudinal wall 106 engages.

Otherwise, another profile bar geometry is indicated in broken lines in FIG. 21 (rectangular profile), while the three-dimensional line shown in solid lines is generally corner profile is preferred.

The aforementioned exemplary embodiment makes it possible to also open and close side walls on the crate and to pivot them without requiring a straight relative movement of the parts to be locked together, in particular the longitudinal side walls 108 and the base plate 102.

16 shows a top view of the base plate 102 with rotary fittings embedded in it in the form of pressure angles which are formed by the internally profiled U-profile pieces 120, in which case the insertion of the longitudinal walls 108 by Ver¬ pivot from a horizontal position to the vertical position, as shown in FIGS. 17a and 17b. When installing the U-shaped rails 120, which would also allow a lateral insertion of free locking legs 104b associated pressure angle 104, stops can be provided within the U-shaped rails, which have a relative longitudinal movement of the free locking legs 104b and U - Also exclude the profile piece relative to one another in the longitudinal direction.

It is also pointed out that, without this being shown in detail here, an additional locking device (swivel plate) can be provided within the assembled packaging box so that it can pivot on either a longitudinal wall 8, 108 or an end wall 13, 113 near the corner area, which can be provided in a slot of interacting fitting parts (engagement angle 4, 104, 120) engages so that after mounting the end walls 13, 113 and pivoting the locking plate, the end walls can no longer be pulled out, but disassembly of the end walls 13, 113 is only possible after the locking plate has been pivoted back. The packaging box 1, 100 according to the previously described exemplary embodiments is referred to as an "mc box".

As already explained above, it is preferred for many packaging boxes 1, 100 to close them with a cover part 14, 114. To lock the position of the cover part 14, 114 in the closed state of the packaging box 1, 100, a locking locking device 30 is provided on the cover part 14, 114, which is shown schematically in a sectional side view and front view in FIGS. 22 and 23 is shown. Here, a hollow profile piece 31 is screwed to the cover plate 15 at the front end, which has a projecting inner stop 32 at its inner end. On the other hand, in this exemplary embodiment, the hollow profile piece 31 is pivotably supported by a pin 33 at the front end of the hollow profile piece 31, a closure clip 34 which, after the cover part 14, 114 has been pushed in, into its final position, which closes the packaging box 1, 100, from the position shown in FIG 23, the preparation position shown in broken lines can be brought into the swiveled-down end position shown in solid lines, in which the locking clip 34 bears against the outside of the end wall 13, 113, while on the other hand against a locking element 10 inside the Support inner stop 32. In this way, the cover part 14, 114 is locked captively and can be opened just as easily by pivoting the locking clip 35 up. The end wall 13, 113 has in the area of the hollow profile Piece 31 a recess, as shown in Fig. 23.

The packaging container according to the present invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments shown; e.g. it is also possible to form a packaging crate in this way, the engagement angles 4, 104, 120 each being arranged at the ends of locking elements which mesh with one another and optionally connected to one another via stiffening longitudinal and transverse bars are.

The previously described exemplary embodiments were explained with reference to a packaging box 1, which essentially consists of wooden parts with the metal pressure angles provided for locking.

As an alternative to this, it is of course also possible to provide completely different materials for the packaging box, such as metal, in particular aluminum, or combinations of wooden parts provided with metal fittings. It is also conceivable to form the engagement angle integrally in one piece with the associated locking parts or frame quadrilaterals and / or to provide them in one piece with the outer plate parts. The free locking legs 4b of the pressure angle can also be provided as integral nose projections of metal profiles which form the locking parts, or can be designed, for example, in plastic as an integral extruded profile. What is essential is the comb-like locking engagement of the free locking legs with one another, which leads to a completely inherently stable design of the packaging body. In a further embodiment of the invention, it is also possible in a simple manner to provide dividing walls within the packaging box 1, which would have to be mounted in a corresponding manner on the opposite longitudinal walls 8 as the end walls 13. In this case, the frame quadrilaterals 10 of the longitudinal walls 8 would be provided with a further, vertical locking part, to which the corresponding pressure angle would be attached while leaving the locking gap. To insert the partition, the horizontal bars 11 would then have an interruption or notch corresponding to the thickness of the partition.

Claims

Patent claims

1. Packaging container with a bottom part and a plurality of side parts which can be brought into engagement with one another and with the bottom part and with connecting fittings between the side parts and between the side parts and the bottom part, characterized in that the connecting fittings are provided by pressure angles (4, 104, 120) are formed, which can be brought into locking comb engagement with one another in pairs under rotational movement and / or rectilinear relative movement.

2. Packaging container according to claim 1, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the pressure angle (4, 104) on side and / or bottom and / or cover parts (5, 2, 14) be¬ angle pieces, in particular angle plates, angle profile rails or hollow profiles (20) with a free locking leg (4b, 104b).

3. Packaging container according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one of two adjacent side parts (5) has horizontally and / or vertically arranged pressure angle (4, 104) which beabstan¬ with a free locking leg (4b, 104b) det and at least a distance (7) corresponding to the material thickness of the locking leg (4b) to an adjacent plane surface are arranged, and the pressure angles (4, 104, 120) are arranged at right angles to each other bottom and / or Lid and / or side parts (2, 14, 5) can be brought into locking locking and / or displacement engagement in pairs.

4. Packaging container according to claim 1, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the pressure angle by U-shaped rails or pieces (120) are formed which have an inner space (104 ') with a professional angle.

5. Packaging container according to claim 4, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the U-profile rails or pieces (120) along a side inner surface of the U-profile at least partially have a profile body (121) to form the angle-profiled interior (104 ').

6. Packaging container according to claim 5, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the profile body (121) with a Seitenin¬ nenfläche the U-profile welded profile bars, in particular with triangular, rectangular, semicircular or semi-polygonal cross-section.

7. Packaging container according to claim 4, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the U-profile rails or pieces (120) extruded profiles with an inwardly protruding profiled U-leg to form a cross-sectionally profiled interior (104 ') of the U- Profile rails or pieces (120) are.

8. Packaging container according to claim 4, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the U-profile rails or pieces (120) have a U-leg with a plurality of spaced, inwardly projecting beads (121a), for forming an angularly profiled in cross section Interior (104 ') of the U-shaped rails or pieces (120).

9. Packaging container according to at least one of the preceding claims 4 to 8, characterized in that the U-shaped rails or pieces (120) are embedded in opposite edge sections of the base part (2).

10. Packaging container according to at least one of the preceding claims 4 to 8, characterized in that the U-shaped rails or pieces (120) on the bottom, side or cover parts (2, 5, 14) formed by plates or crimping elements are applied, for the engagement free locking leg (104b) associated pressure angle (104).

11. Packaging container according to at least one of the preceding claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the bottom part (2, 102), at least one side part (5,

105) or a cover part (14), as a plate or from parallel crimping elements.

12. Packaging container according to claim 11, characterized in that the base part forms a base plate (2, 102) or consists of parallel cradle elements, fixedly arranged on a base, in particular a pallet (3, 103).

13. Packaging container according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the bottom part forms a base plate (2) and along two opposite outer edges (2a, 2b) of which the same are arranged in pairs mutually opposing pressure angle (4), de ¬ ren free locking leg (4b) spaced apart and extend substantially parallel to the top of the Boden¬ plate (2).

14. Packaging container according to at least one of the preceding claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the side parts (105) each consist of a wall plate (106) with which the engagement bracket (104) is connected directly. they are.

15. Packaging container according to at least one of the preceding claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the cover part (14) consists of a cover plate (15) with which the pressure angle (104) are directly connected.

16. Packaging container according to at least one of the preceding claims 1 to 15, characterized in that each side part (5) has an outer wall plate (6) with a frame rectangle (9) formed from locking elements (10) on the inside thereof Wall plate

(6).

17. Packaging container according to claim 16, characterized ge indicates that locking elements (10) of the side parts (5) form closed frame rectangles (9) from horizontal and vertical bars (11, 12), with at least along the vertical bars (12) pressure angle (4th ) are arranged.

18. Packaging container according to claim 17, characterized in that two opposing longitudinal walls (8) on the frame rectangles (9) along the circumference thereof on the horizontal and vertical bars (11, 12) arranged pressure angle (4) exhibit.

19. Packaging container according to at least one of the preceding claims 16 to 18, characterized in that the frame rectangle or opposite side parts are stiffened by further locking elements.

20. Packaging container according to at least one of the preceding claims 16 to 18, characterized in that that the frame quadrilaterals (9) with the pressure angles (4) of adjacent side parts (5) which can be mounted at right angles to one another, in particular of longitudinal and end walls

(8, 13), inwardly offset from an outer edge of the associated wall plate (6), such that after the side parts (5) have been installed on the base plate

(2) and with adjacent side parts (5) the outer surfaces of the side parts (5) are flush with each other.

21. Packaging container according to at least one of the preceding claims 16 to 20, characterized in that a cover part (14) a cover plate (15) with two along opposite outer edges arranged Rie¬ gelteile (10) and attached to these Engagement angles (4 ), intended for locking engagement with upper, horizontally arranged pressure angles (4) of two opposite side walls (5), in particular opposite longitudinal walls (8).

22. Packaging container according to claim 1, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the bottom part has a plurality of spaced-apart crimping elements with pressure angles arranged along opposite sides.

23. Packaging container according to claim 21, characterized ge indicates that a cover part has a plurality of beabstan¬ determinant locking elements with pressure angles arranged along opposite sides.

24. Packaging container according to at least one of the preceding claims 1 to 23, characterized in that the pressure angle (4) on angular rails (16) angeord¬ net, in particular welded thereto, and the angular rails (16) on the locking elements (10 ), especially special the horizontal or vertical bars (11, 12) are attached.

25. Packaging container according to claim 24, characterized in that a plurality of pressure angles (4) are arranged on a common angle rail (16) and the angle rail (16) with a locking element (10), in particular a horizontal or vertical bar (11th ,

12), is connected.

26. Packaging container according to claim 24 or 25, characterized in that the locking gap (7) between the free locking leg (4b) of the engagement angle (4) and one leg (17) of the angle rail (16) is formed.

27. Packaging container according to at least one of the preceding claims 1 to 26, characterized in that the pressure angle (4) is integrally formed in one piece with the angle rail (16) by an F-extruded profile.

28. Packaging container according to at least one of the preceding claims 1 to 27, characterized in that the pressure angle is formed by an extruded profile which connects directly to the wall, base or cover plate, including a U-profile (19).

29. Packaging container according to claim 27, characterized in that the pressure angle (4) on U-shaped rails (19) are fixed, in particular welded to them, and the U-shaped rails (19) directly with the wall, floor or Cover plates (6, 2, 15) are connected.

30. Packaging container according to claim 29, characterized in that a plurality of crimping elements are connected to one another by an angular or extruded profile rail and with each angular or extruded profile rail at least one pressure angle is fixed to form a locking gap or is integrally formed integrally therewith.

31. Packaging container according to at least one of the preceding claims 1 to 30, characterized in that with a square hollow profile (20) at least one engagement angle (4) is welded and the square hollow profiles (20) directly with plates or crates ¬ elements and / or with stiffening locking elements (10).

32. Packaging container according to claim 3, characterized in that a locking device (30) is connected to the cover plate.

33. Packaging container according to claim 32, characterized in that the closing locking device (30) has a bearing body (31) provided on the inside in an end region of the cover plate (14, 114) with an internal stop (32) projecting therefrom and a front end , pivotally mounted closure clip (33), the distance between the inner stop (32) and the closure clip (33) corresponding to the thickness of the end wall (13, 113) of the packaging container in this area in a cover locking position.