EP0693616B1 - Device for catalytic purification or decomposition of hot exhaust gases - Google Patents

Device for catalytic purification or decomposition of hot exhaust gases Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0693616B1
EP0693616B1 EP95107130A EP95107130A EP0693616B1 EP 0693616 B1 EP0693616 B1 EP 0693616B1 EP 95107130 A EP95107130 A EP 95107130A EP 95107130 A EP95107130 A EP 95107130A EP 0693616 B1 EP0693616 B1 EP 0693616B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
housing
catalyst support
ceramic catalyst
accordance
ceramic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP95107130A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0693616A1 (en
Inventor
Rainer Diez
Volkmar Dipl.-Ing. Knipps
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Friedrich Boysen GmbH and Co KG
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Friedrich Boysen GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP0693616A1 publication Critical patent/EP0693616A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2839—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration
    • F01N3/2853—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration using mats or gaskets between catalyst body and housing
    • F01N3/2857—Arrangements for mounting catalyst support in housing, e.g. with means for compensating thermal expansion or vibration using mats or gaskets between catalyst body and housing the mats or gaskets being at least partially made of intumescent material, e.g. unexpanded vermiculite
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F01N13/0097—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/14—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having thermal insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/02—Metallic plates or honeycombs, e.g. superposed or rolled-up corrugated or otherwise deformed sheet metal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/02—Metallic plates or honeycombs, e.g. superposed or rolled-up corrugated or otherwise deformed sheet metal
    • F01N2330/04—Methods of manufacturing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for the catalytic purification or decomposition of hot exhaust gases, in particular an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, with a tubular housing arranged or to be arranged in the exhaust gas flow and at least one ceramic catalyst carrier through which gas flows, such as those e.g. in US-A-4 163 041.
  • the exhaust systems of internal combustion engines of today's motor vehicles are practically without exception equipped with devices for catalytic cleaning or decomposition of the exhaust gases.
  • the exhaust gases flow through a ceramic or metallic catalyst carrier in order to enable decomposition and / or chemical changes, eg oxidation, of harmful or toxic components of the exhaust gases by interaction with the catalyst material.
  • ceramic catalyst carriers are advantageous with a high exhaust gas throughput.
  • Metallic catalyst supports have the advantage that they can be heated relatively quickly by the hot exhaust gases to the operating temperature at which the catalyst material is optimally effective. In this way, effective dismantling or cleaning of the exhaust gases can be achieved shortly after the start of a motor vehicle.
  • the object of the invention is now to provide a new, advantageous construction for a device for catalytic cleaning or decomposition of hot exhaust gases, with which a quick response of the catalytic converter after starting the vehicle and good continuous operation behavior can be achieved at comparatively low manufacturing costs.
  • the housing projects axially beyond the ceramic catalyst carrier at the input end and, with the release of an annular air gap, accommodates a metallic catalyst carrier, the tubular jacket of which at its end facing the ceramic catalyst carrier is axially extended by means of an extension is supported on the facing end face of the ceramic catalyst carrier or an envelope arranged between the ceramic catalyst carrier and the housing and / or radially on the inner wall of the housing and at the other axial end with the inner part of a double-walled inlet funnel or the like. is connected, which connects the housing on the input side to an exhaust pipe.
  • the invention is based on the general idea of accommodating metallic and ceramic catalyst carriers in a common housing in such a way that the exhaust gases first flow through a metallic catalyst carrier and then after mixing on the output side of the metallic catalyst carrier, a ceramic catalyst carrier, the metallic catalyst carrier due to its being removed from the housing spaced arrangement can reach an optimal operating temperature particularly quickly.
  • the inner part of the inlet funnel can thus be designed as an extension of the tubular jacket of the metallic catalyst carrier and accordingly serve as a holder for the metallic catalyst carrier.
  • the other holder of the metallic catalyst carrier is formed by an extension of its jacket, which is supported on the adjacent ceramic catalyst carrier or on the inside of the housing and which produces the space required for the mixing of the exhaust gases between the metallic and ceramic catalyst carriers.
  • a tubular, cylindrical housing 1 is arranged in the exhaust gas flow, which runs from left to right in the example shown, the cross section of which can in principle be of any shape, for example circular or elliptical.
  • the housing 1 At the output end (right in FIG. 1), the housing 1 has an inwardly bent edge 1 '.
  • two ceramic catalyst carriers 2 are arranged axially one behind the other, which are separated from the inside of the housing 1 by swelling mats 3, which are made of a material that swells in heat, so that the annular space between the housing 1 and the catalyst carriers 2 is filled gas-tight becomes.
  • spacer ring 5 Between the ceramic catalyst carriers 2 there is a spacer ring 5, likewise encased by a swelling mat 4, through which a spacer 6 is formed axially between the ceramic catalyst carriers 2 and serves as a mixing chamber for the exhaust gases.
  • the end edges of the source mats 3 are covered by knitted steel rings 7 arranged there and thus protected against destructive pulsations of the exhaust gases.
  • a double-walled outlet funnel 8 is arranged, the outer part 8 'of which continues the housing 1 and is connected to the same in a gastight manner, as a rule by welding.
  • the inner part 8 ′′ of the outlet funnel 8 is axially supported on the facing steel knitted ring 7.
  • the space between the outer and inner parts 8 'and 8' 'used for heat insulation can be designed as an air gap or filled with a heat-insulating material.
  • the left end of the tubular housing 1 in FIG. 1 projects beyond the left end face of the left ceramic catalyst carrier 2 by a larger amount and is connected to the outer part 9 'of a double-walled inlet funnel 9 in a gas-tight manner, for example by welding.
  • the inner part 9 ′′ of the inlet funnel 9 is inserted with its right end, which is enlarged in cross section, axially into the tubular jacket 10 ′ of a metallic catalyst carrier 10 arranged in the inlet end of the housing 1, which has an outer diameter that is smaller than the inner diameter of the housing 1, so that between the housing 1 and the metallic catalyst carrier 10 or its jacket 10 ', an annular space remains free.
  • the smaller diameter end of a transition funnel 11 is axially inserted, the other End with an outwardly bent edge sits firmly on the steel knitted ring 7 of the adjacent ceramic catalyst carrier 2.
  • the metallic catalyst carrier 10 is thus held by the inner part 9 ′′ of the inlet funnel 9 and the transition funnel 11 within the housing 1 at a distance from the wall thereof.
  • the exhaust gases flowing through the inlet funnel 9 first penetrate the metallic catalyst carrier 10 and then the ceramic sator carriers 2 in succession, with mixing of the exhaust gases after passage within the spacing space 12 formed by the transition funnel 11 and within the spacing space 6 formed by the spacing ring 5 through the metallic catalyst carrier 10 or through the left ceramic catalyst carrier 2.
  • the arrangement shown in FIG. 1 can be produced, for example, by placing the ceramic catalyst carrier 2 together with the associated swelling mats 3 and the steel knitted rings 7 and the spacer ring 5 together with the associated swelling mat 4 in succession or together in a tube section forming the housing 1 Type of a plug from the left into the tubular housing 1 with axial pressure until the right steel knitted ring 7 is tight against the edge 1 'of the housing 1. Then the inlet funnel 9 is attached to the housing 1 together with the metallic catalyst carrier 10 placed on its inner part 9 ′′ and the transition funnel 11 attached thereto, such that the transition funnel 11 bears tightly against the left steel knitted ring 7 and the metallic catalyst carrier 10 is held with axial pressure between the inner part 9 ′′ of the inlet funnel 9 and the transition funnel 11.
  • the outer part 9 'of the inlet funnel 9 can be firmly connected or welded to the housing 1. Subsequently, the output funnel 8 is pushed axially onto the housing 1 until the inner part 8 ′′ sits firmly on the right steel knitted ring 7. Now the outer part 8 'of the output funnel 8 is firmly connected or welded to the housing 1.
  • the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 differs from the embodiment according to FIG. 1 first in that the tubular housing 1 has a longer right section with a larger diameter and a comparatively shorter left section with a reduced diameter, these sections having an annular step 1 ' 'merge into one another in the housing wall.
  • the right section of the housing 1 accommodates the ceramic catalyst carrier with the associated swelling mats 3 and the steel knitted rings 7 and the spacer ring 5 and its swelling mat 4 and has an axial length adapted to these elements.
  • the ceramic catalyst carrier 2, together with its swelling mats 3 and the steel knitted rings 7, as well as the spacer ring 5 with its swelling mat 4, can be inserted into the housing 1 from the right, in such a way that the left steel knitted ring 7 lies firmly against the ring step 1 ′′.
  • the outlet funnel 8 can then be attached to the housing 1 in such a way that its inner part 8 ′′ sits firmly on the right steel knitted ring 7. Then the outer part 8 'of the output funnel 8 and the housing 1 can be connected or welded to one another.
  • the left section of the housing 1 accommodates the metallic catalyst carrier 10, the jacket 10 'of which is extended at the right end and forms the transition funnel 11 by appropriate expansion, which can be supported axially on the left steel knitted ring 7 with its right end edge and there the inside diameter of the Housing 1 has a corresponding outer diameter, so that a good radial support on the housing 1 is guaranteed. Otherwise, the left end of the casing 10 'in turn receives the facing end of the inner part 9' 'of the inlet funnel 9, the outer part 9' of which is connected or welded to the housing 1 in basically the same way as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the metallic catalyst carrier 10 is therefore separated from the wall of the housing 1 by an annular space.
  • the transition funnel 11 in FIG. 1 can be designed in principle in the same way as in FIG. 2 as part of the jacket 10 ′ of the metallic catalyst carrier 10. It is also fundamentally possible, in the embodiment according to FIG. 2, in the same way as in the embodiment of FIG. 1 to provide a transition funnel 11 which is separate or separable from the casing 10 '.
  • the annular spacing spaces between the housing 1 and the metallic catalyst carrier 10 form an air gap.
  • the metallic catalyst carrier 10 can be held within the same without any great effort when mounting the inlet funnel 9 on the housing 1, since the jacket 10 'of the catalyst carrier 10 forms a continuation of the inner part 9' 'of the inlet funnel 9.

Abstract

The exhaust gases are passed through a two stage catalyst comprising a metal catalyst (10) which rapidly reaches the operating temperature after starting the engine and a ceramic catalyst (2) for normal operation. The metal catalyst is mounted on an inner support wall spaced from the outer wall of the catalyst by an air space to minimise thermal conduction. The inlet end of the catalyst housing is made of two concentric cone sections to form the insulating air space. The rear end of the inner wall is supported on a shaped insert ring (11) braced on the front lip of the ceramic catalyst support. The ceramic catalyst is slid axially into the housing and locates against a stop prior to sealing the housing. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur katalytischen Reinigung bzw. Zerlegung von heißen Abgasen, insbesondere eines Verbrennungsmotors eines Kraftfahrzeuges, mit einem im Abgasstrom angeordneten bzw. anzuordnenden rohrartigen Gehäuse und zumindest einem darin angeordneten, gasdurchströmten, keramischen Katalysatorträger, wie sie z.B. in der US-A-4 163 041 gezeigt ist.The invention relates to a device for the catalytic purification or decomposition of hot exhaust gases, in particular an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, with a tubular housing arranged or to be arranged in the exhaust gas flow and at least one ceramic catalyst carrier through which gas flows, such as those e.g. in US-A-4 163 041.

Die Abgassysteme von Verbrennungsmotoren heutiger Kraftfahrzeuge sind praktisch ausnahmslos mit Vorrichtungen zur katalytischen Reinigung bzw. Zerlegung der Abgase ausgerüstet. Dabei durchströmen die Abgase einen keramischen oder metallischen Katalysatorträger, um durch Wechselwirkung mit dem Katalysatormaterial eine Zerlegung und/oder chemische Veränderung, z.B. Oxydation, schädlicher oder giftiger Bestandteile der Abgase zu ermöglichen.The exhaust systems of internal combustion engines of today's motor vehicles are practically without exception equipped with devices for catalytic cleaning or decomposition of the exhaust gases. The exhaust gases flow through a ceramic or metallic catalyst carrier in order to enable decomposition and / or chemical changes, eg oxidation, of harmful or toxic components of the exhaust gases by interaction with the catalyst material.

Unter Kostengesichtspunkten sind keramische Katalysatorträger bei hohem Abgasdurchsatz vorteilhaft.From a cost point of view, ceramic catalyst carriers are advantageous with a high exhaust gas throughput.

Metallische Katalysatorträger bieten den Vorzug, daß sie sich von den heißen Abgasen vergleichsweise schnell auf die Betriebstemperatur aufheizen lassen, bei der das Katalysatormaterial optimal wirksam wird. Auf diese Weise kann bereits kurz nach dem Start eines Kraftfahrzeuges eine wirksame Zerlegung bzw. Reinigung der Abgase erreicht werden.Metallic catalyst supports have the advantage that they can be heated relatively quickly by the hot exhaust gases to the operating temperature at which the catalyst material is optimally effective. In this way, effective dismantling or cleaning of the exhaust gases can be achieved shortly after the start of a motor vehicle.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es nun, für eine Vorrichtung zur katalytischen Reinigung bzw. Zerlegung von heißen Abgasen eine neue, vorteilhafte Konstruktion zu schaffen, mit der ein schnelles Ansprechen des Katalysators nach dem Start des Fahrzeuges sowie ein gutes Dauerbetriebsverhalten bei vergleichsweise geringen Herstellungskosten erreichbar sind.The object of the invention is now to provide a new, advantageous construction for a device for catalytic cleaning or decomposition of hot exhaust gases, with which a quick response of the catalytic converter after starting the vehicle and good continuous operation behavior can be achieved at comparatively low manufacturing costs.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einer Vorrichtung der eingangs angegebenen Art erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß das Gehäuse am eingangsseitigen Ende den keramischen Katalysatorträger axial überragt und unter Freilassung eines ringförmigen Luftspaltes einen metallischen Katalysatorträger aufnimmt, dessen rohrförmiger Mantel an seinem dem keramischen Katalysatorträger zugewandten Ende mittels einer Verlängerung axial auf der zugewandten Stirnseite des keramischen Katalysatorträgers oder einer zwischen dem keramischen Katalysatorträger und dem Gehäuse angeordneten Umhüllung und/oder radial auf der Innenwand des Gehäuses abgestützt ist und am anderen axialen Ende mit dem Innenteil eines doppelwandigen Eingangstrichters od. dgl. verbunden ist, der das Gehäuse eingangsseitig an eine Abgasleitung anschließt.This object is achieved according to the invention in a device of the type mentioned at the outset in that the housing projects axially beyond the ceramic catalyst carrier at the input end and, with the release of an annular air gap, accommodates a metallic catalyst carrier, the tubular jacket of which at its end facing the ceramic catalyst carrier is axially extended by means of an extension is supported on the facing end face of the ceramic catalyst carrier or an envelope arranged between the ceramic catalyst carrier and the housing and / or radially on the inner wall of the housing and at the other axial end with the inner part of a double-walled inlet funnel or the like. is connected, which connects the housing on the input side to an exhaust pipe.

Die Erfindung beruht auf dem allgemeinen Gedanken, metallische und keramische Katalysatorträger in einem gemeinsamen Gehäuse unterzubringen, derart, daß die Abgase zunächst einen metallischen Katalysatorträger und sodann nach Durchmischung auf der Ausgangsseite des metallischen Katalysatorträgers einen keramischen Katalysatorträger durchströmen, wobei der metallische Katalysatorträger aufgrund seiner vom Gehäuse beabstandeten Anordnung besonders schnell eine optimale Betriebstemperatur erreichen kann.The invention is based on the general idea of accommodating metallic and ceramic catalyst carriers in a common housing in such a way that the exhaust gases first flow through a metallic catalyst carrier and then after mixing on the output side of the metallic catalyst carrier, a ceramic catalyst carrier, the metallic catalyst carrier due to its being removed from the housing spaced arrangement can reach an optimal operating temperature particularly quickly.

Hinsichtlich der Halterung des metallischen Katalysatorträgers wird bei der Erfindung die Tatsache ausgenutzt, daß der die Eingangsseite des Gehäuses mit der von der Abgasquelle bzw. dem Motor kommenden Abgasleitung verbindende Eingangstrichter zur Verminderung von Wärmeabstrahlung doppelwandig ausgebildet sein sollte. Damit kann der Innenteil des Eingangstrichters als Fortsatz des rohrförmigen Mantels des metallischen Katalysatorträgers ausgebildet sein und dementsprechend als eine Halterung des metallischen Katalysatorträgers dienen. Die andere Halterung des metallischen Katalysatorträgers wird durch eine Verlängerung seines Mantels gebildet, die am benachbarten keramischen Katalysatorträger bzw. an der Innenseite des Gehäuses abgestützt ist und den für die Durchmischung der Abgase zwischen metallischem und keramischem Katalysatorträger notwendigen Abstandsraum herstellt.With regard to the mounting of the metallic catalyst carrier, the fact that the input funnel connecting the input side of the housing with the exhaust pipe coming from the exhaust gas source or the engine should be double-walled to reduce heat radiation is used in the invention. The inner part of the inlet funnel can thus be designed as an extension of the tubular jacket of the metallic catalyst carrier and accordingly serve as a holder for the metallic catalyst carrier. The other holder of the metallic catalyst carrier is formed by an extension of its jacket, which is supported on the adjacent ceramic catalyst carrier or on the inside of the housing and which produces the space required for the mixing of the exhaust gases between the metallic and ceramic catalyst carriers.

Im übrigen wird hinsichtlich bevorzugter Merkmale der Erfindung auf die Ansprüche sowie die nachfolgende Erläuterung besonders bevorzugter Ausführungsformen verwiesen, die anhand der Zeichnung beschrieben werden.For the rest, with regard to preferred features of the invention, reference is made to the claims and the following explanation of particularly preferred embodiments, which are described with reference to the drawing.

Dabei zeigt

Fig. 1
einen Axialschnitt einer ersten Ausführungsform und
Fig. 2
einen gleichartigen Axialschnitt einer zweiten Ausführungsform.
It shows
Fig. 1
an axial section of a first embodiment and
Fig. 2
a similar axial section of a second embodiment.

Gemäß Fig. 1 ist im Abgasstrom, welcher im dargestellten Beispiel von links nach rechts verläuft, ein rohrförmiges, zylindrisches Gehäuse 1 angeordnet, dessen Querschnitt prinzipiell beliebig, beispielsweise kreis- oder ellipsenförmig, ausgebildet sein kann. Am ausgangsseitigen (in Fig. 1 rechten) Ende besitzt das Gehäuse 1 einen nach einwärts umgebogenen Rand 1'.According to FIG. 1, a tubular, cylindrical housing 1 is arranged in the exhaust gas flow, which runs from left to right in the example shown, the cross section of which can in principle be of any shape, for example circular or elliptical. At the output end (right in FIG. 1), the housing 1 has an inwardly bent edge 1 '.

Innerhalb des Gehäuses 1 sind axial hintereinander zwei keramische Katalysatorträger 2 angeordnet, welche von der Innenseite des Gehäuses 1 durch Quellmatten 3 getrennt sind, die aus einem bei Hitze aufquellenden Material bestehen, so daß der ringförmige Abstandsraum zwischen dem Gehäuse 1 und den Katalysatorträgern 2 gasdicht ausgefüllt wird.Within the housing 1, two ceramic catalyst carriers 2 are arranged axially one behind the other, which are separated from the inside of the housing 1 by swelling mats 3, which are made of a material that swells in heat, so that the annular space between the housing 1 and the catalyst carriers 2 is filled gas-tight becomes.

Zwischen den keramischen Katalysatorträgern 2 ist ein ebenfalls von einer Quellmatte 4 umhüllter Abstandsring 5 angeordnet, durch den axial zwischen den keramischen Katalysatorträgern 2 ein Abstandsraum 6 gebildet wird, welcher als Mischraum für die Abgase dient.Between the ceramic catalyst carriers 2 there is a spacer ring 5, likewise encased by a swelling mat 4, through which a spacer 6 is formed axially between the ceramic catalyst carriers 2 and serves as a mixing chamber for the exhaust gases.

An den voneinander abgewandten Stirnenden der keramischen Katalysatorträger 2 sind die Stirnränder der Quellmatten 3 durch dort angeordnete Stahlgestrickringe 7 abgedeckt und damit gegen zerstörerische Pulsationen der Abgase geschützt.At the ends of the ceramic catalyst carriers 2 facing away from one another, the end edges of the source mats 3 are covered by knitted steel rings 7 arranged there and thus protected against destructive pulsations of the exhaust gases.

Am ausgangsseitigen Ende des Gehäuses 1 ist ein doppelwandiger Ausgangstrichter 8 angeordnet, dessen Außenteil 8' das Gehäuse 1 fortsetzt und mit demselben gasdicht, in der Regel durch Verschweißung, verbunden ist. Der Innenteil 8'' des Ausgangstrichters 8 ist axial auf dem zugewandten Stahlgestrickring 7 abgestützt. Der zur Wärmeisolierung dienende Abstandsraum zwischen Außen- und Innenteil 8' und 8'' kann als Luftspalt ausgebildet oder mit einem wärmeisolierenden Material ausgefüllt sein.At the output end of the housing 1, a double-walled outlet funnel 8 is arranged, the outer part 8 'of which continues the housing 1 and is connected to the same in a gastight manner, as a rule by welding. The inner part 8 ″ of the outlet funnel 8 is axially supported on the facing steel knitted ring 7. The space between the outer and inner parts 8 'and 8' 'used for heat insulation can be designed as an air gap or filled with a heat-insulating material.

Das in Fig. 1 linke Ende des rohrförmigen Gehäuses 1 überragt die linke Stirnseite des linken keramischen Katalysatorträgers 2 um ein größeres Maß und ist an dem Außenteil 9' eines doppelwandigen Eingangstrichters 9 gasdicht, beispielsweise durch Verschweißung, angeschlossen. Der Innenteil 9'' des Eingangstrichters 9 ist mit seinem rechten, im Querschnitt erweiterten Ende axial in den rohrförmigen Mantel 10' eines im eingangsseitigen Ende des Gehäuses 1 angeordneten metallischen Katalysatorträgers 10 eingeschoben, der einen gegenüber dem Innendurchmesser des Gehäuses 1 verkleinerten Außendurchmesser besitzt, so daß zwischen dem Gehäuse 1 und dem metallischen Katalysatorträger 10 bzw. dessen Mantel 10' ein ringförmiger Abstandsraum freibleibt. In das in Fig. 1 rechte Ende des Mantels 10' des metallischen Katalysatorträgers 10 ist das im Durchmesser kleinere Ende eines Übergangstrichters 11 axial eingeschoben, dessen anderes Ende mit einem nach außen umgebogenen Rand fest auf dem Stahlgestrickring 7 des benachbarten keramischen Katalysatorträgers 2 aufsitzt.The left end of the tubular housing 1 in FIG. 1 projects beyond the left end face of the left ceramic catalyst carrier 2 by a larger amount and is connected to the outer part 9 'of a double-walled inlet funnel 9 in a gas-tight manner, for example by welding. The inner part 9 ″ of the inlet funnel 9 is inserted with its right end, which is enlarged in cross section, axially into the tubular jacket 10 ′ of a metallic catalyst carrier 10 arranged in the inlet end of the housing 1, which has an outer diameter that is smaller than the inner diameter of the housing 1, so that between the housing 1 and the metallic catalyst carrier 10 or its jacket 10 ', an annular space remains free. In the right end in FIG. 1 of the jacket 10 'of the metallic catalyst carrier 10, the smaller diameter end of a transition funnel 11 is axially inserted, the other End with an outwardly bent edge sits firmly on the steel knitted ring 7 of the adjacent ceramic catalyst carrier 2.

Der metallische Katalysatorträger 10 wird also durch den Innenteil 9'' des Eingangstrichters 9 sowie den Übergangstrichter 11 innerhalb des Gehäuses 1 mit Abstand von dessen Wandung gehalten.The metallic catalyst carrier 10 is thus held by the inner part 9 ″ of the inlet funnel 9 and the transition funnel 11 within the housing 1 at a distance from the wall thereof.

Beim Betrieb durchsetzen die durch den Eingangstrichter 9 einströmenden Abgase zunächst den metallischen Katalysatorträger 10 und sodann nacheinander die keramischen satorträger 2, wobei jeweils innerhalb des durch den Obergangstrichter 11 gebildeten Abstandsraumes 12 und innerhalb des durch den Abstandsring 5 gebildeten Abstandsraumes 6 eine Durchmischung der Abgase nach Durchtritt durch den metallischen Katalysatorträger 10 bzw. durch den linken keramischen Katalysatorträger 2 stattfindet.During operation, the exhaust gases flowing through the inlet funnel 9 first penetrate the metallic catalyst carrier 10 and then the ceramic sator carriers 2 in succession, with mixing of the exhaust gases after passage within the spacing space 12 formed by the transition funnel 11 and within the spacing space 6 formed by the spacing ring 5 through the metallic catalyst carrier 10 or through the left ceramic catalyst carrier 2.

Die Herstellung der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Anordnung kann beispielsweise dadurch erfolgen, daß in einen das Gehäuse 1 bildenden Rohrabschnitt die keramischen Katalysatorträger 2 zusammen mit den zugehörigen Quellmatten 3 und den Stahlgestrickringen 7 sowie der Abstandsring 5 zusammen mit der zugehörigen Quellmatte 4 nacheinander oder gemeinsam nach Art eines Pfropfens von links in das rohrförmige Gehäuse 1 mit axialem Druck eingeschoben werden, bis der rechte Stahlgestrickring 7 fest am Rand 1' des Gehäuses 1 anliegt. Sodann wird der Eingangstrichter 9 zusammen mit dem auf dessen Innenteil 9'' aufgesetzten metallischen Katalysatorträger 10 und dem daran angesetzten Übergangstrichter 11 an das Gehäuse 1 angesetzt, derart, daß der Übergangstrichter 11 fest am linken Stahlgestrickring 7 anliegt und der metallische Katalysatorträger 10 mit axialem Druck zwischen dem Innenteil 9'' des Eingangstrichters 9 und dem Übergangstrichter 11 gehalten wird. Nunmehr kann der Außenteil 9' des Eingangstrichters 9 fest mit dem Gehäuse 1 verbunden bzw. verschweißt werden. Nachfolgend wird der Ausgangstrichter 8 auf das Gehäuse 1 axial aufgeschoben, bis der Innenteil 8'' fest auf dem rechten Stahlgestrickring 7 aufsitzt. Nunmehr wird der Außenteil 8' des Ausgangstrichters 8 mit dem Gehäuse 1 fest verbunden bzw. schweißt.The arrangement shown in FIG. 1 can be produced, for example, by placing the ceramic catalyst carrier 2 together with the associated swelling mats 3 and the steel knitted rings 7 and the spacer ring 5 together with the associated swelling mat 4 in succession or together in a tube section forming the housing 1 Type of a plug from the left into the tubular housing 1 with axial pressure until the right steel knitted ring 7 is tight against the edge 1 'of the housing 1. Then the inlet funnel 9 is attached to the housing 1 together with the metallic catalyst carrier 10 placed on its inner part 9 ″ and the transition funnel 11 attached thereto, such that the transition funnel 11 bears tightly against the left steel knitted ring 7 and the metallic catalyst carrier 10 is held with axial pressure between the inner part 9 ″ of the inlet funnel 9 and the transition funnel 11. Now the outer part 9 'of the inlet funnel 9 can be firmly connected or welded to the housing 1. Subsequently, the output funnel 8 is pushed axially onto the housing 1 until the inner part 8 ″ sits firmly on the right steel knitted ring 7. Now the outer part 8 'of the output funnel 8 is firmly connected or welded to the housing 1.

Die in Fig. 2 dargestellte Ausführungsform unterscheidet sich von der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 1 zunächst dadurch, daß das rohrförmige Gehäuse 1 einen längeren rechten Abschnitt mit größerem Durchmesser und einen vergleichsweise kürzeren linken Abschnitt mit vermindertem Durchmesser aufweist, wobei diese Abschnitte über eine Ringstufe 1'' in der Gehäusewandung ineinander übergehen.The embodiment shown in FIG. 2 differs from the embodiment according to FIG. 1 first in that the tubular housing 1 has a longer right section with a larger diameter and a comparatively shorter left section with a reduced diameter, these sections having an annular step 1 ' 'merge into one another in the housing wall.

Der rechte Abschnitt des Gehäuses 1 nimmt die keramischen Katalysatorträger mit den zugehörigen Quellmatten 3 sowie den Stahlgestrickringen 7 und den Abstandsring 5 sowie dessen Quellmatte 4 auf und besitzt eine diesen Elementen angepaßte axiale Länge.The right section of the housing 1 accommodates the ceramic catalyst carrier with the associated swelling mats 3 and the steel knitted rings 7 and the spacer ring 5 and its swelling mat 4 and has an axial length adapted to these elements.

Die keramischen Katalysatorträger 2 können zusammen mit ihren Quellmatten 3 und den Stahlgestrickringen 7 ebenso wie der Abstandsring 5 mit seiner Quellmatte 4 von rechts in das Gehäuse 1 eingeschoben werden, derart, daß der linke Stahlgestrickring 7 fest an der Ringstufe 1'' anliegt. Sodann kann der Ausgangstrichter 8 an das Gehäuse 1 angesetzt werden, derart, daß sein Innenteil 8'' fest auf dem rechten Stahlgestrickring 7 aufsitzt. Danach können der Außenteil 8' des Ausgangstrichters 8 und das Gehäuse 1 miteinander verbunden bzw. verschweißt werden.The ceramic catalyst carrier 2, together with its swelling mats 3 and the steel knitted rings 7, as well as the spacer ring 5 with its swelling mat 4, can be inserted into the housing 1 from the right, in such a way that the left steel knitted ring 7 lies firmly against the ring step 1 ″. The outlet funnel 8 can then be attached to the housing 1 in such a way that its inner part 8 ″ sits firmly on the right steel knitted ring 7. Then the outer part 8 'of the output funnel 8 and the housing 1 can be connected or welded to one another.

Der linke Abschnitt des Gehäuses 1 nimmt den metallischen Katalysatorträger 10 auf, dessen Mantel 10' am rechten Ende verlängert ist und durch entsprechende Aufweitung den Übergangstrichter 11 bildet, der mit seinem rechten Stirnrand axial am linken Stahlgestrickring 7 abgestützt sein kann und dort einen dem Innendurchmesser des Gehäuses 1 entsprechenden Außendurchmesser besitzt, so daß eine gute radiale Abstützung am Gehäuse 1 gewährleistet wird. Im übrigen nimmt das linke Ende des Mantels 10' wiederum das zugewandte Ende des Innenteiles 9'' des Eingangstrichters 9 auf, dessen Außenteil 9' in grundsätzlich gleicher Weise wie bei der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Ausführungsform mit dem Gehäuse 1 verbunden bzw. verschweißt ist.The left section of the housing 1 accommodates the metallic catalyst carrier 10, the jacket 10 'of which is extended at the right end and forms the transition funnel 11 by appropriate expansion, which can be supported axially on the left steel knitted ring 7 with its right end edge and there the inside diameter of the Housing 1 has a corresponding outer diameter, so that a good radial support on the housing 1 is guaranteed. Otherwise, the left end of the casing 10 'in turn receives the facing end of the inner part 9' 'of the inlet funnel 9, the outer part 9' of which is connected or welded to the housing 1 in basically the same way as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 .

Auch bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 2 ist also der metallische Katalysatorträger 10 von der Wandung des Gehäuses 1 durch einen ringförmigen Abstandsraum getrennt.In the embodiment according to FIG. 2, the metallic catalyst carrier 10 is therefore separated from the wall of the housing 1 by an annular space.

Abweichend von den dargestellten Ausführungsformen kann der Übergangstrichter 11 in Fig. 1 in grundsätzlich gleicher Weise wie in Fig. 2 als Teil des Mantels 10' des metallischen Katalysatorträgers 10 ausgebildet sein. Ebenso ist es grundsätzlich möglich, bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 2 in gleicher Weise wie bei der Ausführungsform der Fig. 1 einen vom Mantel 10' gesonderten bzw. trennbaren Übergangstrichter 11 vorzusehen.In a departure from the illustrated embodiments, the transition funnel 11 in FIG. 1 can be designed in principle in the same way as in FIG. 2 as part of the jacket 10 ′ of the metallic catalyst carrier 10. It is also fundamentally possible, in the embodiment according to FIG. 2, in the same way as in the embodiment of FIG. 1 to provide a transition funnel 11 which is separate or separable from the casing 10 '.

In der Regel bilden die ringförmigen Abstandsräume zwischen dem Gehäuse 1 und dem metallischen Katalysatorträger 10 einen Luftspalt. Grundsätzlich ist es jedoch auch möglich, diesen Abstandsraum mit einem wärme- und/oder schalldämmenden Material auszufüllen.As a rule, the annular spacing spaces between the housing 1 and the metallic catalyst carrier 10 form an air gap. In principle, however, it is also possible to fill this space with a heat and / or soundproofing material.

Bei allen dargestellten Ausführungsformen ist vorteilhaft, daß sich der metallische Katalysatorträger 10 ohne größeren Aufwand bei der Montage des Eingangstrichters 9 am Gehäuse 1 innerhalb desselben haltern läßt, da der Mantel 10' des Katalysatorträgers 10 eine Fortsetzung des Innenteiles 9'' des Eingangstrichters 9 bildet.In all the illustrated embodiments, it is advantageous that the metallic catalyst carrier 10 can be held within the same without any great effort when mounting the inlet funnel 9 on the housing 1, since the jacket 10 'of the catalyst carrier 10 forms a continuation of the inner part 9' 'of the inlet funnel 9.

Claims (8)

  1. Apparatus for the catalytic cleaning or decomposition of hot exhaust gases, in particular of a combustion engine of a motor vehicle, having a tubular housing arranged in, or to be arranged in the exhaust flow and having at least one ceramic catalyst support through which gas flows,
    characterised in that,
    the housing (1) projects axially beyond the ceramic catalyst support (2) or supports (2) at its inlet end and contains a metallic catalyst support (10) while leaving free an annular air gap or space, the tubular jacket (10') of the metallic catalyst support being supported axially at its end facing the neighbouring ceramic catalyst support (2) by means of an extension (11) on the confronting end face of the ceramic catalyst support (2) or on a sleeve (3,7) arranged between the ceramic catalyst support (2) and the housing (1) and/or radially on the inside wall of the housing (1) and being connected at the other axial end with the inner part (9") of a double-walled inlet cone (9) or similar, which connects the housing (1) on the inlet side to an exhaust gas line.
  2. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1, characterised in that the ceramic catalyst support (2) or supports (2) are insertable from the inlet side of the housing (1) into the same as far as an abutment (1'), which is arranged or formed at the outlet end of the housing (1).
  3. Apparatus in accordance with claim 2, characterised in that an end margin (1') bent around towards the inside forms the abutment.
  4. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1, characterised in that the ceramic catalyst support (2) or supports (2) can be inserted from the outlet end of the housing (1) into the same as far as an abutment (1"), which is remote from the end of the housing on the inlet side of the housing (1).
  5. Apparatus in accordance with claim 4, characterised in that a ring step (1") forms the abutment.
  6. Apparatus in accordance with one of the claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the exterior part (9') of an inlet cone (9) or the like is axially insertable onto or into the housing (1) - prior to the connection of the inlet cone (9) or similar with the housing (1) - until the extension (11) of the metallic catalyst support (10) supported at, or to be supported at the inner part (9"), contacts the confronting end face of the adjacent ceramic catalyst support (2) and /or at the end margin of a sleeve (3,7) of this ceramic catalyst support (2).
  7. Apparatus in accordance with one of the claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the extension is formed in the manner of a transition cone (11) widening towards the adjacent ceramic catalyst support (2).
  8. Apparatus in accordance with one of the claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the extension (11) passes in one piece into the jacket (10') of the metallic catalyst support (10).
EP95107130A 1994-07-22 1995-05-11 Device for catalytic purification or decomposition of hot exhaust gases Expired - Lifetime EP0693616B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4425995A DE4425995C2 (en) 1994-07-22 1994-07-22 Device for the catalytic cleaning or decomposition of hot exhaust gases
DE4425995 1994-07-22

Publications (2)

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EP0693616A1 EP0693616A1 (en) 1996-01-24
EP0693616B1 true EP0693616B1 (en) 1997-10-22

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AT (1) ATE159565T1 (en)
DE (1) DE4425995C2 (en)
ES (1) ES2109030T3 (en)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19528947A1 (en) * 1995-08-07 1997-02-13 Boysen Friedrich Gmbh Co Kg Device for the catalytic cleaning or decomposition of hot exhaust gases
DE19627289A1 (en) * 1996-06-16 1997-12-18 Andreas Dipl Ing Gifhorn Catalyst assembly for e.g. exhaust gas purification
DE19826284B4 (en) * 1997-06-19 2009-07-30 Volkswagen Ag Arrangement for a vehicle exhaust system with catalytic converter
DE19918301C1 (en) * 1999-04-22 2000-10-26 Zeuna Staerker Kg Vehicle exhaust system comprises a catalytic exhaust gas cleansing unit, a gas inlet pipe, an outlet pipe and a catalyst
GB0407806D0 (en) * 2004-04-06 2004-05-12 Catalytic Support Systems Ltd A separator for a catalytic converter
US7323030B2 (en) 2004-10-28 2008-01-29 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Apparatus and method for an exhaust aftertreatment device
JP5146777B2 (en) * 2009-03-11 2013-02-20 本田技研工業株式会社 Catalyst holding structure

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4163041A (en) * 1974-05-29 1979-07-31 J. Eberspacher Support for elastically mounting a ceramic honeycomb catalyst
US4413392A (en) * 1980-08-22 1983-11-08 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Method of making two-stage catalytic converter
EP0316637B1 (en) * 1987-11-13 1990-11-28 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft, Patentabteilung AJ-3 Housing for an exhaust gas-cleaning device
JPH01147109A (en) * 1987-11-30 1989-06-08 Calsonic Corp Catalytic converter
DE3834403A1 (en) * 1988-10-10 1990-04-12 Zeuna Staerker Kg DEVICE FOR THE CATALYTIC PURIFICATION OF EXHAUST GAS FROM COMBUSTION ENGINES
DE4035971A1 (en) * 1990-11-12 1992-05-14 Emitec Emissionstechnologie HEATABLE CATALYST ARRANGEMENT FOR THE EXHAUST GAS PURIFICATION OF COMBUSTION ENGINES
DE4117364A1 (en) * 1991-05-28 1992-12-03 Duerrwaechter E Dr Doduco Accelerating start-up IC engine exhaust gas purificn. catalyst - by catalytic oxidn. of carbon mon:oxide just before main catalyst and transferring heat to gas stream

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Publication number Publication date
EP0693616A1 (en) 1996-01-24
DE4425995C2 (en) 1996-10-24
DE4425995A1 (en) 1996-01-25
ATE159565T1 (en) 1997-11-15
ES2109030T3 (en) 1998-01-01

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