EP0693306B1 - Procédé de fabrication des matières secondaires brutes à partir des déchets - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication des matières secondaires brutes à partir des déchets Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0693306B1
EP0693306B1 EP95110496A EP95110496A EP0693306B1 EP 0693306 B1 EP0693306 B1 EP 0693306B1 EP 95110496 A EP95110496 A EP 95110496A EP 95110496 A EP95110496 A EP 95110496A EP 0693306 B1 EP0693306 B1 EP 0693306B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
waste
glass
gas
process according
starting material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95110496A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0693306A1 (fr
Inventor
Rainer Dipl.-Ing. Zwick
Wolfgang Dr. Habil. Rettkowski
Frank-Michael Dr.-Ing. Müller
Hans-Georg Rückel
Rolf Dr.-Ing. Götz
Wilfried Dipl.-Ing. Lissack
Holger Schöne
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde Gas AG
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19520197A external-priority patent/DE19520197A1/de
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Publication of EP0693306A1 publication Critical patent/EP0693306A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0693306B1 publication Critical patent/EP0693306B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
    • A62D3/30—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents
    • A62D3/33—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents by chemical fixing the harmful substance, e.g. by chelation or complexation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
    • A62D2101/08—Toxic combustion residues, e.g. toxic substances contained in fly ash from waste incineration
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
    • A62D2101/20—Organic substances
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
    • A62D2101/40—Inorganic substances
    • A62D2101/41—Inorganic fibres, e.g. asbestos
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
    • A62D2101/40—Inorganic substances
    • A62D2101/43—Inorganic substances containing heavy metals, in the bonded or free state

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for recycling waste materials by introduction the waste materials together with at least one glass and / or ceramic Self-combustible additive containing substances directly into the flame one with technical oxygen or with a higher oxygen content than air having gas operated burner, wherein a combustion gas and Molten combustion particles are formed, which then cool down a glass-like and / or basalt-like and / or ceramic-like mass are transferred.
  • waste is incinerated Furnace slag and boiler dust as residues.
  • Waste incineration downstream of a flue gas cleaning system in the further fixed Residues arise.
  • this includes filter dust, Evaporation residues from flue gas scrubbing water or Flue gas cleaning residues. Airborne dust that is retained in filter systems must be disposed of safely due to the fact that they can be eluted.
  • the object of the present invention is a method for recycling to provide waste materials with which the waste materials can be used for economic purposes Can be converted into a fully usable product.
  • This object is achieved in that the waste with self-combustible additive to an educt mixture with a Mixing ratio of waste to additive from 20 to 40 to 80 to 60 Mass percent are mixed, and the educt mixture in the flame Temperatures of 1250 to 1500 ° C and ambient pressure is completely burned.
  • the proposed procedure is for waste, for the limited or there are no recycling options, an unrestricted repatriation in opened the economic cycle.
  • the invention is based on the finding that a particularly effective implementation of the waste into a basalt-like product, in which the contained in the waste Pollutants are safely trapped when the waste is in a certain mixing ratio together with glass-forming substances directly into the flame of a burner, especially one for the combustion of Solids provided solid burner and are introduced Ambient pressure can be completely oxidized. Because the glass-forming reactions are direct take place in the flame, compared to traditionally direct or indirectly heated melting furnaces achieved much higher sales.
  • the technical oxygen is expediently in an air separator or Pressure swing adsorption system (PSA system) manufactured.
  • PSA system Pressure swing adsorption system
  • the combination of technical oxygen with the solid fuel burner also enables the use of low-energy additives for automatic melting in the Flame without additional fuel.
  • the preferred waste materials are heavy metal contaminated, not leach-resistant, where appropriate, organically contaminated residues from waste treatment plants are used.
  • Such substances should be used as additives that are independent are flammable and ensure the desired product properties.
  • the silicon and aluminum compounds contain. Low calorific value waste and / or residues with glass and / or are particularly advantageous ceramic-forming ash content.
  • Dry sewage sludge which is disposed of anyway, is particularly suitable for this have to.
  • the energy required for melting the waste can can only be obtained from sewage sludge incineration.
  • An additional Another fuel is supplied to the burner after the start-up phase energetically not required.
  • the sewage sludge contains glass-forming substances sufficient amount to also look at residues Hazardous waste incineration plants that contain little glass-forming substances to be able to manufacture glass-like product with high quality. Additional emissions are avoided when using sewage sludge as additives, because the Sewage sludge must be incinerated anyway in the future for disposal.
  • Pyrolysis residues have a calorific value that for a conventional one Combustion is too low, but this is too low for the melting process according to the invention Use of the one operated with technical oxygen or with oxygen enriched gas operated burner is completely sufficient. Also included Pyrolysis residues enough glass-forming substances, so that from the disposal waste an unrestrictedly usable glass-like product can be manufactured.
  • Lignite ashes are in terms of calorific value and content comparable to pyrolysis residues in glass-forming substances.
  • the Rust diarrhea from domestic waste incineration plants or finely crushed Shredder waste can be used as an additive.
  • a further development of the inventive idea provides, in addition to the glass-forming and / or additive containing ceramic-forming substances at least one additional aggregate, especially asbestos waste, into the flame of the burner to introduce, which improves the quality of the vitreous melt.
  • the share of this Additive to the educt mixture should preferably not 10 percent by mass exceed.
  • the educt mixture is expediently in a rotary tube furnace in the flame of the Brenner burned completely.
  • the rotary kiln is preferably formed with a small cross section and a large axial length, so a sufficient retention time for the waste and additives is achieved.
  • the melted reaction products are deposited on the furnace wall.
  • the substances that are not incorporated into the glassy melt, accumulate in the exhaust gas and are via a flue gas treatment device, which is preferably essentially from a quench, a hot gas dust separation and a harmful gas separation exists, deducted.
  • the resulting melt is preferably in the liquid Condition discharged through a discharge opening of the rotary kiln.
  • a rotary drum oven or, preferably, a standing cyclone are used instead of a rotary kiln.
  • the waste and additives are expediently blown in using a Gas introduced into the flame of the burner.
  • Low nitrogen is preferred Gases used, which prevents excessive nitrogen oxide formation. It can also a fuel gas, especially natural gas, propane or butane can be used.
  • contaminated gas is e.g. out Landfills or polluted exhaust air e.g. from tank systems for blowing in Waste and additives used in the flame.
  • gases have to to be disposed of so that two can be treated simultaneously with the waste Disposal problems or when using materials to be disposed of as Additives such as Sewage sludge or pyrolysis residues, even three Disposal problems can be solved at the same time.
  • To blow the waste and additives into the flame of the burner preferably uses a dispersing and metering device.
  • the method according to the invention is suitable for the treatment of all conceivable Waste, especially from industrial waste and especially from residues Waste incineration plants.
  • the procedure for the treatment of is very special Residues from hazardous waste incineration plants are suitable.
  • residues e.g. Filter dusts from the flue gas cleaning of the special waste system show high Pollutant concentrations on and can with conventional glazing can only be treated with increased effort.
  • the filter dust contains hardly any glass-forming substances. With the method according to the invention, straight such residues can also be recovered in an economical manner.
  • Airborne dusts retained in filter systems of a special waste incineration plant which contain pollutants such as mobilizable heavy metals, easily soluble neutral salts and organic pollutants, such as dioxins, furans, are fed to a rotary kiln.
  • the rotary kiln has a ratio of axial length to diameter of at least 5 (L / D ⁇ 5).
  • a solid fuel burner for technical oxygen is used in the rotary kiln.
  • an air separator or a PSA system can be provided for the oxygen supply.
  • the dusts are removed from the rotary kiln with rotten, dry Sewage sludge from an industrial sewage plant is mixed intensively.
  • the resulting The mixture of substances is created by means of exhaust air contaminated with pollutants in a pendulum gas device of a nearby tank farm for liquid hazardous waste, with one Flow rate of 9 m / s into the flame of the solid fuel burner using a Blown in the dispersing device. Due to the high prevailing in the flame Temperatures of over 1300 ° C set in the filter dust Substances and the glass-forming substances present in the sewage sludge, in particular Silicon oxide, calcium oxide and aluminum oxide, with high reaction speed around, whereby the filter dust is integrated into a glass-like matrix. This creates a basalt-like product, in which the pollutants are trapped in a safe manner are.
  • the feed materials are mixed with the gas flow in the rotary kiln entrained, react on the path running axially to the rotary kiln and the melted products are finally deposited on the furnace wall.
  • the thus formed melt is continuously via a discharge opening of the Rotary kiln carried out.
  • Connect the melt treatment process e.g. defined cooling in predetermined time units and / or mechanical processing.
  • the flue gas cleaning essentially consists of a quench, a hot gas dust separator, a gas washer, a fixed bed adsorber and a blower.
  • the glass-like products produced in the process are in the street and Road construction, for recultivation purposes, as aggregates in the concrete industry and brick manufacturing industry, as inert mining supplies or as Thermal insulation can be used.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Procédé de récupération de déchets par introduction directe des déchets, conjointement à au moins un additif auto-combustible, contenant des substances de formation de verre et/ou de céramique, dans la flamme d'un brûleur fonctionnant à l'aide d'oxygène technique ou à l'aide d'un gaz présentant une proportion d'oxygène plus élevée que l'air, un gaz de combustion et des particules de combustion en fusion se formant, lesquelles sont converties ensuite par refroidissement en une masse du type vitreux et/ou basaltique et/ou céramique, caractérisé en ce que les déchets sont mélangés à un additif auto-combustible pour former un mélange de produits de départ ayant un rapport de mélange de déchets à additif allant de la valeur de 20 à 40 à la valeur de 80 à 60 pour cent en masse, et que le mélange de produits de départ est brûlé complètement dans la flamme à des températures de 1250 à 1500°C et à la pression ambiante.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise, en tant que déchets, des résidus en provenance d'installations de traitement des déchets, non résistants au lessivage, contaminés de métaux lourds, le cas échéant contaminés de matières organiques.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'on utilise, en tant qu'additif auto-combustible, un déchet ou un résidu à faible valeur calorifique ayant une proportion de cendres formant un verre et/ou une céramique, en particulier des boues de curage sèches et/ou des résidus de pyrolyse secs et/ou des cendres de lignite non complètement brûlées et/ou des déchets de déchiqueteur finement broyés.
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'on ajoute par mélange, au mélange de produits de départ, au moins un additif supplémentaire, en particulier un déchet d'amiante, de préférence dans une quantité allant jusqu'à 10 pour cent en masse, qui améliore la qualité de la masse vitreuse et/ou céramique.
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le mélange de produits de départ est complètement brûlé dans un four rotatif.
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le mélange de produits de départ est introduit dans la flamme du brûleur à l'aide d'un gaz pauvre en azote.
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le mélange de produits de départ est introduit dans la flamme du brûleur à l'aide d'un gaz à mettre au rebut.
EP95110496A 1994-07-19 1995-07-05 Procédé de fabrication des matières secondaires brutes à partir des déchets Expired - Lifetime EP0693306B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4425544 1994-07-19
DE4425544 1994-07-19
DE19520197A DE19520197A1 (de) 1994-07-19 1995-06-01 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Sekundärrohstoffen aus Abfällen
DE19520197 1995-06-01

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0693306A1 EP0693306A1 (fr) 1996-01-24
EP0693306B1 true EP0693306B1 (fr) 1998-10-07

Family

ID=25938488

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95110496A Expired - Lifetime EP0693306B1 (fr) 1994-07-19 1995-07-05 Procédé de fabrication des matières secondaires brutes à partir des déchets

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP0693306B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE171877T1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19716214C2 (de) * 1997-04-18 1999-08-05 Claus Hans Dieter Dr Verwendung eines aus quecksilberhaltigem Ölschlamm aus der Erdölförderung erhaltenen Produktes zur Herstellung von keramischen Erzeugnissen

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4111917C2 (de) 1991-04-12 1994-12-08 Noell Dbi Energie Entsorgung Verfahren zur Verwertung schwermetallbelasteter brennbarer Rückstände durch Partialoxydation
US5340372A (en) * 1991-08-07 1994-08-23 Pedro Buarque de Macedo Process for vitrifying asbestos containing waste, infectious waste, toxic materials and radioactive waste
NO176648C (no) * 1991-11-07 1995-05-10 Elkem Technology Fremgangsmåte for behandling av brukte katodebunner
DE4208124C2 (de) * 1992-03-12 1997-07-31 Peter Dr Koecher Verfahren zur Inertisierung fester Rückstände, insbesondere aus der Abfallverbrennung und Rauchgasreinigung, durch Schmelzen
DE4230062C2 (de) * 1992-09-07 1998-07-16 Griesbach Dienstleistungen Gmb Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Immobilisierung und Rückgewinnung von Schwermetallen
US5273566A (en) * 1993-01-26 1993-12-28 International Environmelting Corporation Process for producing an environmentally acceptable abrasive product from hazardous wastes

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE171877T1 (de) 1998-10-15
EP0693306A1 (fr) 1996-01-24

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