EP0693163B1 - Combined rivet/nail components and methods for using same - Google Patents

Combined rivet/nail components and methods for using same Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0693163B1
EP0693163B1 EP95908307A EP95908307A EP0693163B1 EP 0693163 B1 EP0693163 B1 EP 0693163B1 EP 95908307 A EP95908307 A EP 95908307A EP 95908307 A EP95908307 A EP 95908307A EP 0693163 B1 EP0693163 B1 EP 0693163B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rivet
nail
hollow
fact
head
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EP95908307A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0693163A1 (en
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Horst Jakob
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Aser SARL
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Aser SARL
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B19/00—Bolts without screw-thread; Pins, including deformable elements; Rivets
    • F16B19/04—Rivets; Spigots or the like fastened by riveting
    • F16B19/08—Hollow rivets; Multi-part rivets
    • F16B19/10—Hollow rivets; Multi-part rivets fastened by expanding mechanically
    • F16B19/1027—Multi-part rivets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J15/00—Riveting
    • B21J15/02—Riveting procedures

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a rivet, characterized in that it is made up of two parts, forming two separate parts, one of which is a hollow rivet comprising a head, a rod cylindrical and if necessary a peripheral shoulder on the outside of its cylindrical rod, and the other part of which is a cylindrical nail headless hollow, one end of which is tapered and preferably pointed, the other end, hollow, having an internal dimension such that it authorizes the fitted threading of the hollow nail on the part forming a hollow rivet up to the shoulder thereof or to the head of this one.
  • the invention also relates to various variants of rivets according to the invention as well as methods of using the rivets according to the invention.
  • the present invention relates to rivets intended for the assembly of strip products, or in sheets and in particular that of joining clips or other joining means for conveyor belts with the ends of these.
  • Various kinds of rivets have been used so far for this purpose.
  • rivets in one piece with one end has a preformed head, these rivets being capable of being threaded in holes previously made in sheet materials or in a strip to be assembled, as well as in the staples of joining or in the other joining means, the end having no preformed head protruding from the other side of the materials to be assembled, being hammered to form a head of this other side.
  • the head of the hollow rivet is then beaten against the anvil which after crossing the materials is inserted into the holes made in a support plate, according to the drawing of the holes made in the materials to be assembled, the anvil circular being supported on the support thanks to a flange of which the other side, generally conical, serves as an anvil surface.
  • the cylindrical end, opposite hollow rivet is pushed against the inclined walls on the upper side of the anvil collar and forms a head which clamps the materials to be assembled in conjunction with the head of the rivet made in advance, located on the other side of the set of materials to to assemble.
  • the anvil is then released and can be discarded.
  • This rivet has been used a lot, but it has many drawbacks. In particular, it is essential that all layers of products or materials to be assembled have holes made in the prior.
  • US-A-4,355,531 which is the earlier document closest to this application and which serves as a basis for the preamble of claim 1 describes a rivet composed of two parts, a proper rivet 201 and a rod forming a core 202. These two parts are securely pre-assembled before setting the rivet by means deformation of the end of the hollow cylindrical part of the part 201 which enters a groove made in the part 202. Part 202 is full.
  • the function of room 202 is, when the riveting operation, to forcefully push the metal from the end of room 201 by making it flow, which is also called metal backflow.
  • the proposed rivet requires resources very powerful, for the application of the rivet, and moreover the part full 202 is not able to pierce the materials to be assembled.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to propose a solution to these problems of creating a rivet whose riveting can be simple and economical in terms of labor, from a single and same side of the materials to be assembled, without the need to drill holes in advance in all the materials to be assembled, the riveting obtained to be of excellent quality.
  • This rivet in two parts can, according to a method according to the present invention, to be inserted directly into the materials to be assembled when these lend themselves to the penetration of the preceding nail part the hollow rivet part when threading the rivet-nail according to the invention in the different layers of products to be assembled, or else be put on in holes made in advance in all or part of the materials to assemble.
  • the products to be assembled include metal, or hard plastic parts, for example staples joining devices for conveyor belts, or the like joining means, or when these elements of joining devices, even made of a material liable to undergo penetration of the nail part of the nail rivet according to the invention are provided voluntarily in advance of holes, often jacketed or fitted with rings reinforcement, it is also possible to put these elements in place joining means on the ends of conveyor belts that it is a question of fitting and then threading the nail rivets first in the holes made in advance in the joining device element then beating the head of the nail rivets, to make them cross the conveyor belt, the tip of the nail part passing easily through the material of the latter and then passing it through another hole made in advance in another wing of a joining element located under the conveyor belt.
  • different complementary means can be employed to facilitate, or to perfect the formation of the head on the side nail of the rivet; as well as the deformation of the hollow rivet part in the head of the nail part.
  • preferential fold zones obtained by localized thinning of the wall of the tip of the nail part allow to orient the direction of the deformation of this part, inward, or outward, for example.
  • the addition of a fluid, pasty, or plastic material in the closed interior space existing between the hollow rivet part and the nail part makes it possible to favor the deformation thereof towards the outside, under the effect of the overpressure generated during the implementation of a rivet produced in this way.
  • the hollow nail part of a nail rivet according to the invention shown in Figure 2 has a hollow conical part, ending by a point 4, and a cylindrical part, also hollow, the diameter interior of this cylindrical part being chosen in such a way that it is possible to thread the nail part on the lower part (on the drawing) of the hollow rivet part, up to shoulder 3, the two parts being held together by friction.
  • Figure 3 shows the steps of riveting a rivet according to the invention composed of the hollow rivet according to FIG. 1 and the hollow nail according to figure 2.
  • the conical part of the hollow nail deforms outwards, while on the second line of operations the conical part of the hollow nail deforms inwards.
  • These deformations can be favored by thick zones scaled down.
  • the deformation is obtained towards the outside, due to the fact that a approximately incompressible, liquid or pasty product has been inserted in the hollow part of the nail rivet formed by the hollow part of the rivet part and by the hollow part of the nail part.
  • the holes have been provided with reinforcing washers which also serve as a bearing surface for the head of the rivet part hollow and / or for the head of the nail part once this formed.
  • These washers advantageously have the shape of a bowl, the slope of which corresponds to that of the lower side of the head, in case this side has a conical, or frustoconical, and in other versions they can combine a cylindrical part and a part forming the washer properly said, flat, conical or frustoconical, the cylindrical part serving when lining the hole crossing the thicknesses and eventually joining a cylindrical part coming from the other side, associated with a washer flat, conical or frustoconical.
  • the rivet part hollow has no shoulder on its cylindrical rod 2, the part nail being threaded on this cylindrical rod 2 until it comes in abutment against the underside of the head of the hollow rivet part.
  • this head is represented with a perfectly lower side conical, it goes without saying that it can also be tapered so that the upper end, in the drawing, of the nail part carries well flat on the flat part of this frustoconical lower side of the head of the hollow rivet part.
  • FIG. 5 a variant of a rivet-nail is shown.
  • a ball for example of steel which bears on the end lower part of the hollow rivet part by a circular contact line, and on the inner wall of the nail part.
  • this ball contributes as the deformation of the part nail then the hollow rivet part, to ensure uniform contact on the entire periphery of the two parts to be assembled, ensuring thus a uniformly distributed deformation of these two parts of the rivet-nail according to the invention.
  • nail rivets can be made to nail rivets according to the invention. It is a treatment intended to harden the nail rivet, especially the nail part and especially its conical part by a plasma treatment causing the deposition of a thin layer of titanium nitride. Yet another treatment more efficient in combination with the nail rivets according to the invention consists of performing a chemical coating, assisted by plasma, of carbon and hydrogen resulting in the deposition of a thin layer of carbon diamond type (sp3) and carbon type trigonal graphite (sp2).
  • Such coating known in itself, considerably improves penetration cutting-edge in rubbers and plastics, and in particular without tearing of the material or of the reinforcement carcass conveyor belts, the tip may in this case be slightly rounded without, due to the very slippery coating, the penetration into suffers.
  • the rivet-nail according to the invention thus reaches under all the forms set out the objectives initially set by the invention: to propose a rivet whose riveting can be carried out in a simple and economical way in labor, from one and the same side of the materials to be assemble, without the need to drill holes in advance in all the materials that need to be assembled.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Insertion Pins And Rivets (AREA)

Description

La présente invention se rapporte à un rivet, caractérisé en ce qu'il est composé de deux parties, formant deux pièces séparées, dont l'une est un rivet creux comportant une tête, une tige cylindrique et le cas échéant un épaulement périphérique sur le côté extérieur de sa tige cylindrique, et dont l'autre partie est un clou cylindrique creux sans tête, dont une extrémité est effilée et de préférence pointue, l'autre extrémité, creuse, ayant une dimension intérieure telle qu'elle autorise l'enfilage ajusté du clou creux sur la partie formant un rivet creux jusqu'à l'épaulement de celle-ci ou jusqu'à la tête de celle-ci.The present invention relates to a rivet, characterized in that it is made up of two parts, forming two separate parts, one of which is a hollow rivet comprising a head, a rod cylindrical and if necessary a peripheral shoulder on the outside of its cylindrical rod, and the other part of which is a cylindrical nail headless hollow, one end of which is tapered and preferably pointed, the other end, hollow, having an internal dimension such that it authorizes the fitted threading of the hollow nail on the part forming a hollow rivet up to the shoulder thereof or to the head of this one.

L'invention concerne également diverses variantes de rivets selon l'invention ainsi que des procédés de mise en oeuvre des rivets selon l'invention.The invention also relates to various variants of rivets according to the invention as well as methods of using the rivets according to the invention.

On connaít de nombreuses sortes de rivets. La présente invention concerne les rivets destinés à l'assemblage de produits en bande, ou en feuilles et en particulier à celui d'agrafes de jonctionnement ou d'autres moyens de jonctionnement pour bandes transporteuses avec les extrémités de celles-ci. Diverses sortes de rivets ont été employées jusqu'ici dans ce but. Il existe des rivets en une seule pièce dont une extrémité comporte une tête préformée, ces rivets étant susceptibles d'être enfilés dans des trous réalisés au préalable dans les matériaux en feuille ou en bande qu'il s'agit d'assembler, ainsi que dans les agrafes de jonctionnement ou dans les autres moyens de jonctionnement, l'extrémité ne comportant pas de tête préformée, dépassant de l'autre côté des matériaux à assembler, étant matée au marteau afin de former une tête de cet autre côté. Ces rivets couramment connus et utilisés de longue date présentent l'inconvénient consistant en ce qu'ils nécessitent successivement l'accès à une face de l'ensemble de matériaux à assembler puis à l'autre face. Ceci n'est pas pratique dans de nombreux cas d'utilisation, et en particulier dans le cas où il s'agit d'assembler des moyens de jonctionnement pour bandes transporteuses avec les extrémités des bandes transporteuses. We know many kinds of rivets. The present invention relates to rivets intended for the assembly of strip products, or in sheets and in particular that of joining clips or other joining means for conveyor belts with the ends of these. Various kinds of rivets have been used so far for this purpose. There are rivets in one piece with one end has a preformed head, these rivets being capable of being threaded in holes previously made in sheet materials or in a strip to be assembled, as well as in the staples of joining or in the other joining means, the end having no preformed head protruding from the other side of the materials to be assembled, being hammered to form a head of this other side. These commonly known and long-used rivets have the disadvantage that they successively require access to one side of the set of materials to be assembled and then to the other face. This is not practical in many use cases, and in particularly in the case where it is a question of assembling joining means for conveyor belts with the ends of the conveyor belts.

Les conditions d'exécution de ces travaux s'avèrent la plupart du temps difficiles (exiguïté des lieux en particulier dans les mines). Mais même dans d'autres conditions, par exemple à l'air libre ou dans de grands ateliers industriels, la manipulation des extrémités de bandes transporteuses de grandes largeurs n'est pas aisée. C'est pourquoi on a cherché des solutions pour opérer la mise en place d'un rivet à partir d'une seule face des matériaux à assembler ainsi que son rivetage, sans avoir accès à l'autre face des matériaux à assembler. C'est ainsi que le brevet des Etats-Unis d'Amérique n° US-A-3 913 180 a proposé un rivet creux muni d'une enclume provisoire enfilée dans l'extrémité creuse dudit rivet creux. Ce rivet-enclume est enfoncé dans des trous réalisés au préalable dans les matériaux à assembler. La tête du rivet creux est alors battue contre l'enclume qui après avoir traversé les matériaux est venue s'insérer dans les trous ménagés dans une plaque de support, selon le dessin des trous pratiqués dans les matériaux à assembler, l'enclume circulaire étant appuyée sur le support grâce à une collerette dont l'autre côté, généralement conique, sert de surface d'enclume. En battant la tête du rivet située sur la face par laquelle l'enclume et le rivet ont été enfoncés dans les trous pratiqués à l'avance, l'extrémité cylindrique, creuse opposée du rivet creux est poussée contre les parois inclinées du côté supérieur de la collerette de l'enclume et forme une tête qui pince les matériaux à assembler en conjugaison avec la tête du rivet réalisée à l'avance, située sur l'autre face de l'ensemble de matériaux à assembler. L'enclume se trouve alors libérée et peut être mise au rebut. Ce rivet a été beaucoup utilisé mais il présente de nombreux inconvénients. En particulier il est indispensable que toutes les couches de produits ou de matériaux à assembler comportent des trous réalisés au préalable. The conditions for the execution of this work turn out to be most difficult weather (cramped places, particularly in mines). But even under other conditions, for example in the open air or in large industrial workshops, handling of tape ends large width conveyors is not easy. This is why we have looked for solutions to operate the establishment of a rivet from on one side of the materials to be assembled as well as its riveting, without have access to the other side of the materials to be assembled. This is how the United States Patent No. US-A-3,913,180 proposed a rivet hollow provided with a temporary anvil inserted in the hollow end of said hollow rivet. This anvil rivet is driven into holes made in the prior to the materials to be assembled. The head of the hollow rivet is then beaten against the anvil which after crossing the materials is inserted into the holes made in a support plate, according to the drawing of the holes made in the materials to be assembled, the anvil circular being supported on the support thanks to a flange of which the other side, generally conical, serves as an anvil surface. By beating the head of the rivet located on the face by which the anvil and the rivet have have been driven into the holes made in advance, the cylindrical end, opposite hollow rivet is pushed against the inclined walls on the upper side of the anvil collar and forms a head which clamps the materials to be assembled in conjunction with the head of the rivet made in advance, located on the other side of the set of materials to to assemble. The anvil is then released and can be discarded. This rivet has been used a lot, but it has many drawbacks. In particular, it is essential that all layers of products or materials to be assembled have holes made in the prior.

Le document US-A-4.355.531, qui est le document antérieur le plus proche de la présente demande et qui sert de base au préambule de la revendication 1 décrit un rivet composé de deux parties, un rivet proprement dit 201 et une tige formant noyau 202. Ces deux parties sont solidement préassemblées avant la pose du rivet au moyen d'une déformation de l'extrémité de la partie cylindrique creuse de la pièce 201 qui pénètre dans une gorge pratiquée dans la pièce 202. La partie 202 est pleine. La fonction de la pièce 202 est, lors de l'opération de rivetage, de refouler énergiquement le métal de l'extrémité de la pièce 201 en le faisant fluer, ce que l'on appelle également un refoulement du métal. Cependant le rivet proposé exige des moyens très puissants, pour l'application du rivet, et de plus la partie pleine 202 n'est pas apte à percer le matériaux à assembler. Elle n'est pas non plus apte à se déformer lors de l'opération de rivetage. C'est pourquoi la présente demande fait appel, pour un rivet en deux pièces préassemblées, à une conception nouvelle de la formation de la seconde tête d'assemblage, impliquant des caractéristiques très particulières, et nouvelles, de la seconde partie du rivet préassemblé ainsi que de son préassemblage avec la première partie.US-A-4,355,531, which is the earlier document closest to this application and which serves as a basis for the preamble of claim 1 describes a rivet composed of two parts, a proper rivet 201 and a rod forming a core 202. These two parts are securely pre-assembled before setting the rivet by means deformation of the end of the hollow cylindrical part of the part 201 which enters a groove made in the part 202. Part 202 is full. The function of room 202 is, when the riveting operation, to forcefully push the metal from the end of room 201 by making it flow, which is also called metal backflow. However, the proposed rivet requires resources very powerful, for the application of the rivet, and moreover the part full 202 is not able to pierce the materials to be assembled. She also is not able to deform during the riveting operation. This is why the present application calls, for a rivet in two pre-assembled parts, to a new conception of the formation of the second assembly head, involving very specific characteristics, and news, from the second part of the preassembled rivet as well that of its pre-assembly with the first part.

La présente invention a donc pour but de proposer une solution à ces problèmes consistant à créer un rivet dont le rivetage puisse être effectué de façon simple et économique en main d'oeuvre, à partir d'un seul et même côté des matériaux à assembler, sans qu'il soit nécessaire de pratiquer des trous à l'avance dans tous les matériaux à assembler, le rivetage obtenu devant être d'excellente qualité. The object of the present invention is therefore to propose a solution to these problems of creating a rivet whose riveting can be simple and economical in terms of labor, from a single and same side of the materials to be assembled, without the need to drill holes in advance in all the materials to be assembled, the riveting obtained to be of excellent quality.

Le problème ainsi posé est résolu,selon la présente invention, au moyen d'un rivet comportant deux parties, formant deux pièces distinctes :

  • une partie formant rivet creux présentant une tête et une tige cylindrique qui est raccordée à la tête dans le sens axial et dont l'extrémité située à l'opposé de l'extrémité portant la tête comporte un espace cylindrique creux ménagé à l'intérieur de la tige cylindrique dans le sens axial de celle-ci, sur au moins une partie de la longueur de la tige cylindrique, et
  • une deuxième partie préassemblée avec la première partie formant rivet creux à l'extrémité de la tige cylindrique,
ledit rivet étant caractérisé en ce que la deuxième partie est une partie formant clou comportant une tige cylindrique creuse se prolongeant de façon conique pour former une pointe, la partie formant clou étant enfilé avec frottement par son extrémité ouverte opposée à son extrémité formant une pointe sur la tige cylindrique de la partie formant rivet creux.The problem thus posed is solved, according to the present invention, by means of a rivet comprising two parts, forming two distinct parts:
  • a hollow rivet part having a head and a cylindrical rod which is connected to the head in the axial direction and whose end situated opposite the end carrying the head comprises a hollow cylindrical space formed inside the cylindrical rod in the axial direction thereof, over at least part of the length of the cylindrical rod, and
  • a second part pre-assembled with the first part forming a hollow rivet at the end of the cylindrical rod,
said rivet being characterized in that the second part is a nail part comprising a hollow cylindrical rod extending conically to form a point, the nail part being threaded with friction by its open end opposite its end forming a point on the cylindrical rod of the hollow rivet part.

Ce rivet en deux parties peut, selon un procédé selon la présente invention, être enfoncé directement dans les matériaux à assembler lorsque ceux-ci se prêtent à la pénétration de la partie clou qui précède la partie rivet creux lors de l'enfilage du rivet-clou selon l'invention dans les différentes couches de produits à assembler, ou bien être enfilé dans des trous pratiqués à l'avance dans tout ou partie des matériaux qu'il s'agit d'assembler. Lorsque les produits à assembler comportent des pièces métalliques, ou en matière plastique dure, par exemple des agrafes de dispositifs de jonctionnement pour bandes transporteuses, ou d'autres moyens de jonctionnement, ou lorsque ces éléments de dispositifs de jonctionnement, même réalisés dans une matière susceptible de subir la pénétration de la partie clou du rivet-clou selon l'invention sont munis volontairement à l'avance de trous, souvent chemisés ou munis de bagues de renfort, il est également possible de mettre en place ces éléments de moyens de jonctionnement sur les extrémités de bandes transporteuses qu'il s'agit d'équiper et ensuite d'enfiler les rivets-clous d'abord dans les trous pratiqués à l'avance dans l'élément de dispositif de jonctionnement puis en battant la tête des rivets-clous, de leur faire traverser la bande transporteuse, la pointe de la partie clou traversant aisément le matériau de cette dernière, puis en le faisant passer dans un autre trou pratiqué à l'avance dans une autre aile d'un élément de jonction située sous la bande transporteuse.This rivet in two parts can, according to a method according to the present invention, to be inserted directly into the materials to be assembled when these lend themselves to the penetration of the preceding nail part the hollow rivet part when threading the rivet-nail according to the invention in the different layers of products to be assembled, or else be put on in holes made in advance in all or part of the materials to assemble. When the products to be assembled include metal, or hard plastic parts, for example staples joining devices for conveyor belts, or the like joining means, or when these elements of joining devices, even made of a material liable to undergo penetration of the nail part of the nail rivet according to the invention are provided voluntarily in advance of holes, often jacketed or fitted with rings reinforcement, it is also possible to put these elements in place joining means on the ends of conveyor belts that it is a question of fitting and then threading the nail rivets first in the holes made in advance in the joining device element then beating the head of the nail rivets, to make them cross the conveyor belt, the tip of the nail part passing easily through the material of the latter and then passing it through another hole made in advance in another wing of a joining element located under the conveyor belt.

La pointe du rivet-clou rencontre alors, dans tous les cas, que le rivet-clou ait été enfilé directement dans les matériaux à assembler ou dans les trous pratiqués à l'avance, la surface plane unie d'un support de travail servant d'enclume, sur lequel la pointe de la partie clou se déforme, puis la partie inférieure du rivet creux se déforme elle-même comme expliqué en détail plus loin. Ces déformations de la pointe de la partie clou et de la partie inférieure de la partie rivet creux entraínent un assemblage solide et sur des deux parties, avec formation d'une deuxième tête sous les couches de matériaux à assembler qui, associée à la première tête, pince celles-ci de façon robuste et sûre. Bien entendu d'autres moyens que le battage au marteau peuvent être employés, par exemple on peut utiliser des moyens de serrage hydrauliques ou pneumatiques, ou mécaniques qu'il est facile de régler de manière à déformer et serrer les rivets de façon réglable et définie à l'avance.The point of the rivet-nail then meets, in all cases, the rivet-nail has been threaded directly into the materials to be assembled or in the holes made in advance, the flat plane surface of a working support serving as anvil, on which the tip of the part nail deforms, then the bottom of the hollow rivet deforms itself as explained in detail below. These distortions of the tip of the nail part and the lower part of the rivet part hollow result in a solid assembly and on two parts, with formation a second head under the layers of materials to be assembled which, associated with the first head, clamps these robustly and securely. Of course, other means than hammering can be used, for example, hydraulic clamping means can be used or pneumatic, or mechanical that is easy to adjust so that deform and tighten the rivets in an adjustable and defined manner in advance.

Comme on le verra dans des exemples décrits plus loin en rapport avec le dessin, différents moyens complémentaires peuvent être employés pour faciliter, ou pour parfaire la formation de la tête du côté clou du rivet; ainsi que la déformation de la partie rivet creux dans la tête de la partie clou. Par exemple des zones de pliures préférentielles, obtenues par des amincissements localisés de la paroi de la pointe de la partie clou permettent d'orienter le sens de la déformation de cette partie, vers l'intérieur, ou vers l'extérieur par exemple. L'adjonction d'une matière fluide, pâteuse, ou plastique dans l'espace intérieur fermé existant entre la partie rivet creux et la partie clou permet de favoriser la déformation de celle-ci en direction de l'extérieur, sous l'effet de la surpression engendrée lors de la mise en oeuvre d'un rivet réalisé de cette façon. Enfin pour obtenir, surtout dans le cas de grandes dimensions de rivets, un évasement parfait de la partie rivet creux à l'intérieur de la tête formée par la partie clou, on peut également insérer une bille à l'intérieur de la partie clou, ladite bille venant s'appuyer d'une part contre la paroi intérieure de la partie clou, sur une ligne de contact périphérique circulaire, et d'autre part contre l'extrémité creuse du rivet creux, le diamètre de la bille étant volontairement supérieur à celui de l'espace creux cylindrique de la partie rivet creux. On comprend que lors de la mise en oeuvre du rivet-clou selon l'invention cette bille applique sur l'ensemble de la périphérie de la partie clou ainsi que sur celle de l'extrémité de la partie rivet creux, l'ensemble des contraintes résultant du battage, ou du serrage du rivet-clou lors de sa mise en oeuvre. La qualité des déformations ainsi obtenues procure une liaison dont la robustesse est encore accrue, d'autant plus que la bille restant emprisonnée, toutes les parties des pièces restent parfaitement appliquées les unes contre les autres sans création progressive de jeu, lors du travail de la jonction de la bande transporteuse par exemple.As will be seen in examples described later in relation with the drawing, different complementary means can be employed to facilitate, or to perfect the formation of the head on the side nail of the rivet; as well as the deformation of the hollow rivet part in the head of the nail part. For example preferential fold zones, obtained by localized thinning of the wall of the tip of the nail part allow to orient the direction of the deformation of this part, inward, or outward, for example. The addition of a fluid, pasty, or plastic material in the closed interior space existing between the hollow rivet part and the nail part makes it possible to favor the deformation thereof towards the outside, under the effect of the overpressure generated during the implementation of a rivet produced in this way. Finally to obtain, especially in the case of large dimensions of rivets, a perfect flare of the hollow rivet part inside of the head formed by the nail part, you can also insert a ball inside the nail part, said ball coming to bear on the one hand against the interior wall of the nail part, on a line of circular peripheral contact, and on the other hand against the end hollow hollow rivet, the diameter of the ball being deliberately greater to that of the cylindrical hollow space of the hollow rivet part. We understands that during the implementation of the rivet-nail according to the invention this ball applies to the entire periphery of the nail part as well as that of the end of the hollow rivet part, the assembly stresses resulting from driving, or tightening the rivet-nail during of its implementation. The quality of the deformations thus obtained provides a bond whose robustness is further increased, especially since the ball remaining trapped, all parts of the parts remain perfectly applied against each other without progressive creation of play, during the work of joining the conveyor belt by example.

L'invention va être expliquée en rapport avec des exemples de réalisation, en conjugaison avec un dessin d'accompagnement.

  • La figure 1 représente la partie rivet creux d'un rivet-clou selon l'invention, vu en élévation, une partie étant représentée en coupe selon un plan diamétral,
  • la figure 2 représente la partie clou d'un rivet-clou selon l'invention, vu en élévation, en coupe selon un plan diamétral,
  • la figure 3 représente les différentes étapes de la mise en oeuvre d'un rivet-clou selon une forme de réalisation préférée de l'invention, le bas de la partie rivet se déformant vers l'intérieur dans le cas représenté sur la ligne d'opérations supérieure, et vers l'extérieur dans le cas de la ligne d'opérations inférieure,
  • la figure 4 représente, en élévation et en coupe longitudinale partielle, une variante de rivet-clou selon l'invention,
  • la figure 5 représente, en élévation et en coupe longitudinale partielle, encore une autre variante de rivet-clou selon l'invention, comportant une bille insérée entre la partie rivet creux et la partie clou, ainsi que les étapes de sa déformation au cours de l'opération de rivetage.
    • The invention will be explained in relation to exemplary embodiments, in conjunction with an accompanying drawing.
  • FIG. 1 represents the hollow rivet part of a nail rivet according to the invention, seen in elevation, a part being represented in section along a diametral plane,
  • FIG. 2 represents the nail part of a rivet-nail according to the invention, seen in elevation, in section along a diametral plane,
  • Figure 3 shows the different stages of the implementation of a nail rivet according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the bottom of the rivet part deforming inwardly in the case shown on the line upper operations, and outward in the case of the lower operation line,
  • FIG. 4 represents, in elevation and in partial longitudinal section, a variant of rivet-nail according to the invention,
  • FIG. 5 shows, in elevation and in partial longitudinal section, yet another variant of a rivet-nail according to the invention, comprising a ball inserted between the hollow rivet part and the nail part, as well as the stages of its deformation during the riveting operation.

    • La partie rivet creux d'un rivet-clou selon l'invention, représentée sur la figure 1 comporte une tête 1, une tige cylindrique 2, creuse à son extrémité inférieure, sur le dessin, et un épaulement 3 pratiqué dans la surface cylindrique extérieure de la tige.The hollow rivet part of a nail rivet according to the invention, shown in FIG. 1 comprises a head 1, a cylindrical rod 2, hollow at its lower end, in the drawing, and a shoulder 3 made in the outer cylindrical surface of the rod.

    La partie clou creux d'un rivet-clou selon l'invention représentée sur la figure 2 comporte une partie conique creuse, se terminant par une pointe 4, et une partie cylindrique, également creuse, le diamètre intérieure de cette partie cylindrique étant choisi de façon telle qu'il est possible d'enfiler la partie clou sur la partie inférieure (sur le dessin) de la partie rivet creux, et ce jusqu'à l'épaulement 3, les deux pièces étant maintenues assemblées par la friction.The hollow nail part of a nail rivet according to the invention shown in Figure 2 has a hollow conical part, ending by a point 4, and a cylindrical part, also hollow, the diameter interior of this cylindrical part being chosen in such a way that it is possible to thread the nail part on the lower part (on the drawing) of the hollow rivet part, up to shoulder 3, the two parts being held together by friction.

    La figure 3 représente les étapes du rivetage d'un rivet selon l'invention composé du rivet creux selon la figure 1 et du clou creux selon la figure 2. Sur la première ligne d'opérations la partie conique du clou creux se déforme vers l'extérieur, tandis que sur la deuxième ligne d'opérations la partie conique du clou creux se déforme vers l'intérieur. Ces déformations peuvent être favorisées par des zones d'épaisseur réduite. Dans une variante perfectionnée de l'invention, la déformation est obtenue en direction de l'extérieur, en raison du fait qu'un produit approximativement incompressible, liquide ou pâteux a été inséré dans la partie creuse du rivet-clou constituée par la partie creuse de la partie rivet et par la partie creuse de la partie clou. On remarque sur la figure 3 que les trous ont été munis de rondelles de renfort qui servent également de surface d'appui pour la tête de la partie rivet creux et/ou pour la tête de la partie clou une fois celle-ci formée. Ces rondelles ont avantageusement une forme de cuvette dont la pente correspond à celle du côté inférieur de la tête, dans le cas où ce côté a une forme conique, ou tronconique, et dans d'autres versions elles peuvent combiner une partie cylindrique et une partie formant la rondelle proprement dite, plate, conique ou tronconique, la partie cylindrique servant au chemisage du trou traversant les épaisseurs et rejoignant éventuellement une partie cylindrique venant de l'autre côté, associée à une rondelle plate, conique ou tronconique.Figure 3 shows the steps of riveting a rivet according to the invention composed of the hollow rivet according to FIG. 1 and the hollow nail according to figure 2. On the first line of operations the conical part of the hollow nail deforms outwards, while on the second line of operations the conical part of the hollow nail deforms inwards. These deformations can be favored by thick zones scaled down. In an improved variant of the invention, the deformation is obtained towards the outside, due to the fact that a approximately incompressible, liquid or pasty product has been inserted in the hollow part of the nail rivet formed by the hollow part of the rivet part and by the hollow part of the nail part. We notice in FIG. 3 that the holes have been provided with reinforcing washers which also serve as a bearing surface for the head of the rivet part hollow and / or for the head of the nail part once this formed. These washers advantageously have the shape of a bowl, the slope of which corresponds to that of the lower side of the head, in case this side has a conical, or frustoconical, and in other versions they can combine a cylindrical part and a part forming the washer properly said, flat, conical or frustoconical, the cylindrical part serving when lining the hole crossing the thicknesses and eventually joining a cylindrical part coming from the other side, associated with a washer flat, conical or frustoconical.

    Dans le même esprit, différentes combinaisons sont d'ailleurs possibles, allant d'un tube cylindrique nu aux extrémités servant au renfort des trous qu'il traverse et à l'appui direct des têtes, à des parties cylindriques formant une seule pièce avec une rondelle plate, conique ou tronconique située à une extrémité, et à des rondelles seules, comme représenté sur la figure 3.In the same spirit, different combinations are also possible, ranging from a bare cylindrical tube to the ends used for reinforcement holes it crosses and in direct support of the heads, to parts cylindrical in one piece with a flat, conical washer or frustoconical located at one end, and with washers only, as shown in figure 3.

    Dans la variante représentée sur la figure 4, la partie rivet creux ne comporte pas d'épaulement sur sa tige cylindrique 2, la partie clou étant enfilée sur cette tige cylindrique 2 jusqu'à ce qu'elle vienne en butée contre la face inférieure de la tête de la partie rivet creux. Sur la figure cette tête est représentée avec un côté inférieur parfaitement conique, il va de soi qu'elle peut également être tronconique de façon à ce que l'extrémité supérieure, sur le dessin, de la partie clou porte bien à plat sur la partie plane de ce côté inférieur tronconique de la tête de la partie rivet creux.In the variant shown in Figure 4, the rivet part hollow has no shoulder on its cylindrical rod 2, the part nail being threaded on this cylindrical rod 2 until it comes in abutment against the underside of the head of the hollow rivet part. In the figure this head is represented with a perfectly lower side conical, it goes without saying that it can also be tapered so that the upper end, in the drawing, of the nail part carries well flat on the flat part of this frustoconical lower side of the head of the hollow rivet part.

    Enfin sur la figure 5, est représentée une variante de rivet-clou selon l'invention comportant, entre la partie clou et la partie rivet creux assemblées une bille par exemple en acier qui porte sur l'extrémité inférieure de la partie rivet creux par une ligne de contact circulaire, et sur la paroi intérieure de la partie clou. La figure montre que cette bille contribue au fur et à mesure de la déformation de la partie clou puis de la partie rivet creux, à assurer un contact uniforme sur toute la périphérie des deux parties qu'il s'agit d'assembler, en assurant ainsi une déformation uniformément répartie de ces deux parties du rivet-clou selon l'invention.Finally in FIG. 5, a variant of a rivet-nail is shown. according to the invention comprising, between the nail part and the part hollow rivet assembled a ball for example of steel which bears on the end lower part of the hollow rivet part by a circular contact line, and on the inner wall of the nail part. The figure shows that this ball contributes as the deformation of the part nail then the hollow rivet part, to ensure uniform contact on the entire periphery of the two parts to be assembled, ensuring thus a uniformly distributed deformation of these two parts of the rivet-nail according to the invention.

    Il va de soi que l'adjonction de la bille, qui est faite lors de l'assemblage des deux parties est compatible avec l'adjonction d'un liquide ou d'un produit plastique approximativement incompressible évoquée précédemment, chaque adjonction jouant un rôle différent, mais contribuant chacune à la qualité de la jonction obtenue.It goes without saying that the addition of the ball, which is made during of the assembly of the two parts is compatible with the addition of a liquid or approximately incompressible plastic product mentioned previously, each addition playing a different role, but contributing each to the quality of the junction obtained.

    De plus la présence de la bille qui subsiste dans l'assemblage empêche l'apparition de jeux localisés dans l'assemblage, jeux qui se développeraient ensuite, lors du travail d'une jonction de bande transporteuse par exemple. Le fait que la bille continue de porter uniformément sur toute la périphérie a pour effet qu'il n'existe pas de possibilité de déformation locale et que pour venir a bout de l'assemblage sur toute la périphérie à la fois il faudrait des efforts très considérables qui ne se produisent pas dans la pratique.In addition the presence of the ball which remains in the assembly prevents the appearance of games located in the assembly, games which are then develop, when working a conveyor belt junction for example. The fact that the ball continues to wear uniformly on the whole periphery means that there is no possibility of local deformation and that to complete the assembly on the whole periphery at the same time it would require very considerable efforts which do not occur in practice.

    Un perfectionnement supplémentaire peut être apporté aux rivets-clous selon l'invention. Il s'agit d'un traitement ayant pour but de durcir superficiellement le rivet-clou, en particulier la partie clou et surtout sa partie conique par un traitement sous plasma entraínant le dépôt d'une couche mince de nitrure de titane. Un autre traitement encore plus performant en combinaison avec les rivets-clous selon l'invention consiste à effectuer un revêtement chimique, assisté par plasma, de carbone et d'hydrogène aboutissant au dépôt d'une couche mince de carbone type diamant (sp3) et de carbone type graphite trigonal (sp2). Un tel revêtement, connu en lui-même, améliore considérablement la pénétration de la pointe dans les caoutchoucs et dans les matières plastiques, et en particulier sans déchirure de la matière, ni de la carcasse de renfort des bandes transporteuses, la pointe pouvant dans ce cas être légèrement arrondie sans que, du fait du revêtement très glissant, la pénétration en souffre.Additional refinement can be made to nail rivets according to the invention. It is a treatment intended to harden the nail rivet, especially the nail part and especially its conical part by a plasma treatment causing the deposition of a thin layer of titanium nitride. Yet another treatment more efficient in combination with the nail rivets according to the invention consists of performing a chemical coating, assisted by plasma, of carbon and hydrogen resulting in the deposition of a thin layer of carbon diamond type (sp3) and carbon type trigonal graphite (sp2). Such coating, known in itself, considerably improves penetration cutting-edge in rubbers and plastics, and in particular without tearing of the material or of the reinforcement carcass conveyor belts, the tip may in this case be slightly rounded without, due to the very slippery coating, the penetration into suffers.

    Le rivet-clou selon l'invention atteint ainsi sous toutes les formes exposées les objectifs fixés au départ par l'invention : proposer un rivet dont le rivetage puisse être effectué de façon simple et économique en main d'oeuvre, à partir d'un seul et même côté des matériaux à assembler, sans qu'il soit nécessaire de pratiquer des trous à l'avance dans tous les matériaux qu'il s'agit d'assembler.The rivet-nail according to the invention thus reaches under all the forms set out the objectives initially set by the invention: to propose a rivet whose riveting can be carried out in a simple and economical way in labor, from one and the same side of the materials to be assemble, without the need to drill holes in advance in all the materials that need to be assembled.

    Claims (15)

    1. Rivet comprising two parts forming two separate pieces:
      a hollow rivet part having a head (1) and a cylindrical stem (2) connected axially to the head, the end of which, located opposite to the end carrying the head (1) comprises a hollow cylindrical space provided inside the cylindrical stem (2) in the axial direction of this latter, over at least part of the length of the cylindrical stem (2), and
      a second part pre-assembled with the first part forming hollow rivet at the end of the cylindrical stem (2),
         said rivet being characterised by the fact that the second part is a part forming nail, and comprising a hollow cylindrical stem extending taperwise to form a nib (4), the nail part being frictionally threaded by its open end opposite to its end forming a nib (4), over the cylindrical stem (2) of the hollow rivet part.
    2. Rivet according to claim 1, characterised by the fact that the cylindrical stem (2) comprises an external cylindrical shoulder (3) projecting outwardly at a certain distance from the end of the cylindrical stem (2), located opposite the head (1).
    3. Rivet according to claim 2, characterised by the fact that the respective dimensions of the nail part, of the hollow rivet part and of the shoulder position on the cylindrical stem, are such that while the nail part is threaded over the cylindrical stem (2) of the hollow rivet part upto the shoulder, the hollow end of the cylindrical stem (2) is threaded inside the cylindrical cavity of the nail part in such a way that the end of the cylindrical stem (2) is positioned approximately at the origin of the conical part extending the cylindrical part of the internal cavity of the nail part.
    4. Rivet according to claim 1, characterised by the fact that the respective dimensions of the nail part and of the hollow rivet part are such that, while the nail part is threaded over the cylindrical stem (2) of the hollow rivet part, the end of the nail part located opposite the nib (4) is in abutment against the lower side of the head (1) of the hollow rivet part, and the end of the cylindrical stem (2) is located approximately at the origin of the conical part extending the cylindrical part of the internal cavity of the nail part.
    5. Rivet according to claim 4, characterised by the fact that the lower side of the head (1) of the hollow rivet part is truncate shaped, with a tapering directed towards the cylindrical stem (2) the respective dimensions of this truncate shaped head (1) and of the end of the nail part located opposite the nib (4) being such that, while the nail part is threaded over the cylindrical stem (2) of the hollow rivet part, it abuts against the plane part located at the end of the tapered part of the truncate shapes head (1).
    6. Rivet according to anyone of the claims 1 to 5 included, characterised by the fact that during the assembly of the nail part and of the hollow rivet part, the internal cavities are filled with an approximately uncompressible liquid, or with an approximately uncompressible material, either pasty or plastic at the room temperature.
    7. Rivet according to claims 1 to 6 included, characterised by the fact that a ball is placed in the hollow internal part of the nail part, bearing on this latter over a circular contact line, the conical part of this latter, and on the end of the cylindrical stem (2) located opposite the head (1), when the hollow rivet part and the nail part are threaded one inside the other, the nail part being in abutment against the shoulder (3) or the head (1) of the hollow rivet part.
    8. Rivet according to one of the claims 1 to 7 included, characterised by the fact that areas of reduced thickness are provided, whereby a distortion of the conical part of the nail part is promoted towards selected directions.
    9. Rivet according to claim 8, characterised by the fact that the distortion of the conical part of the nail part is carried out preferentially outwardly.
    10. Rivet according to claim 8, characterised by the fact that the distortion of the conical part of the nail part is carried out preferentially inwardly.
    11. Rivet according to one of the claims 1 to 10, characterised by the fact that the rivet-nail is coated, at least over the conical part of its nail part, with a thin layer of a diamond type carbon and/or of trigonal graphite carbon, obtained by plasma aided chemical deposit.
    12. Rivet according to one of the claims 1 to 10, characterised by the fact that the rivet-nail is coated, at least over the conical part of its nail part, with a thin layer of titanium nitride deposited by plasma.
    13. Method for the implementation of a rivet according to one of the claims 1 to 12 included, characterised by the fact that the said rivet is driven successively in all the thicknesses or pieces, of materials or pieces which have to be assembled by riveting, and that while the nib is then crushed by hammering or by compression, the end bearing on an even and flat anvil shaped support, the end of the part of the cylindrical stem (2) is distorted enlarged and flattened against the internal part of the nail part, which is itself distorted by the crushing of the nail part, the rivet length decreasing during the formation of the second head in such a way that the materials and/or the pieces which have to be assembled are finally solidly assembled by pinching and blocking between the two heads.
    14. Method according to claim 13, characterised by the fact that certain materials or pieces that have to be assembled comprise holes provided previously, some of these holes being reinforced by means of washers or of linings.
    15. Method of implementation according to claims 13 or 14, of a rivet according to claims 1 to 6 included and to claim 9, characterised by the fact that during the hammering or the compression, the ball pinched between the conical part of the nail part and the end of the cylindrical stem (2) located opposite the head enlarges evenly this end and distorts evenly the nail part.
    EP95908307A 1994-02-09 1995-02-02 Combined rivet/nail components and methods for using same Expired - Lifetime EP0693163B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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    FR9401452A FR2715976B1 (en) 1994-02-09 1994-02-09 Rivets-nails and methods of using them.
    FR9401452 1994-02-09
    PCT/FR1995/000132 WO1995022008A1 (en) 1994-02-09 1995-02-02 Combined rivet/nail components and methods for using same

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    EP0693163A1 EP0693163A1 (en) 1996-01-24
    EP0693163B1 true EP0693163B1 (en) 1998-09-16

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    EP (1) EP0693163B1 (en)
    AU (1) AU686740B2 (en)
    CA (1) CA2160165A1 (en)
    CZ (1) CZ261495A3 (en)
    DE (1) DE69504780T2 (en)
    FR (1) FR2715976B1 (en)
    WO (1) WO1995022008A1 (en)
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    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    CZ261495A3 (en) 1996-07-17
    EP0693163A1 (en) 1996-01-24
    AU1667095A (en) 1995-08-29
    ZA95701B (en) 1996-04-25
    DE69504780T2 (en) 1999-05-27
    FR2715976A1 (en) 1995-08-11
    US5733086A (en) 1998-03-31
    CA2160165A1 (en) 1995-08-17
    FR2715976B1 (en) 1996-05-31
    WO1995022008A1 (en) 1995-08-17
    DE69504780D1 (en) 1998-10-22
    AU686740B2 (en) 1998-02-12

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