EP0686754B1 - A single shaft timing system, particularly for internal combustion engines - Google Patents
A single shaft timing system, particularly for internal combustion engines Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0686754B1 EP0686754B1 EP95201083A EP95201083A EP0686754B1 EP 0686754 B1 EP0686754 B1 EP 0686754B1 EP 95201083 A EP95201083 A EP 95201083A EP 95201083 A EP95201083 A EP 95201083A EP 0686754 B1 EP0686754 B1 EP 0686754B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- variator
- camshaft
- cams
- sleeves
- shafts
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
- F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
- F01L1/34403—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using helically teethed sleeve or gear moving axially between crankshaft and camshaft
- F01L1/34406—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using helically teethed sleeve or gear moving axially between crankshaft and camshaft the helically teethed sleeve being located in the camshaft driving pulley
Definitions
- a single-shaft timing system suitable for permitting the phase variation indicated above is described, for example, in EP-A-0 397 540.
- EP-A-0 582 846 and EP-A-0 254 058 are also prior art to the present invention.
- the camshaft 2 comprises two tubular half-shafts 6, 7 joined together by a central sleeve 8 and carrying first and second end sleeves 9, 10, respectively, at their axially opposite ends.
- the two half-shafts 6, 7 are fitted with interference in the respective sleeves 8, 9 and 10 so that, once assembled, the camshaft 2 has a unitary character.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
- Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
Description
- The present invention relates to a timing system of the so called - single-shaft - type, that is, with various sets of cams mounted on a single shaft, according to the preamble of claim 1.
- In a timing system of this type, it is desirable to vary the phase angle between the intake and exhaust cams as changes take place in predetermined operating parameters of the engine. This variaton is achieved by means of a phase variator.
- A single-shaft timing system suitable for permitting the phase variation indicated above is described, for example, in EP-A-0 397 540.
- This system provides for a plurality of individual cams mounted on an actuator shaft with the interposition of a coupling such that an axial sliding movement of the shaft relative to the cams corresponds to a predetermined and desired variation of the phase angle between the cams.
- The individual cams are intercalated with and spaced by sleeves which together prevent them from moving axially.
- Although this system is operatively effective in regulating the desired phase variation, it has some disadvantages. Amongst these is the fact that the solution is structurally complex and that the camshaft does not have a unitary and fixed structure, at least until it is assembled and fitted on respective mountings of an engine.
- The problem upon which the invention is based is that of providing a timing system which is designed structurally and functionally to avoid all of the disadvantages complained of with reference to the prior art cited.
- EP-A-0 582 846 and EP-A-0 254 058 are also prior art to the present invention.
- This problem is solved by the invention by means of a timing system of the type indicated at the beginning and including the characteristic features of the main claim.
- The characteristcs and advantages of the invention will become clearer from the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment thereof, decribed by way of nonlimiting example with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
- Figure 1 is a schematic, axial section of a single-shaft timing system formed in accordance with the present invention,
- Figure 2 is an exploded, schematic view of the system of Figure 1,
- Figure 3 is a sectional view of the camshaft taken on the line III-III of Figure 1,
- Figure 4 is a partially-sectioned front view of the system of the previous drawings,
- Figure 5 is an axial section of a variant of the variator in the single-shaft timing system of the present invention.
-
- In the drawings, a single-shaft timing system formed in accordance with the present invention is generally indicated 1. This system comprises a
camshaft 2 and aphase variator 3. Thecamshaft 2 carries first and second sets of cams constituted by four intake cams, indicated 4a-d and four exhaust cams, indicated 5a-d, respectively. - All of these cams are restrained axially on the
camshaft 2 but only theexhaust cams 5a-d are fixed for rotation therewith, the remaining cams 4a-d being free for limited rotation, as will be explained further below. Thecamshaft 2 comprises two tubular half-shafts 6, 7 joined together by acentral sleeve 8 and carrying first andsecond end sleeves 9, 10, respectively, at their axially opposite ends. The two half-shafts 6, 7 are fitted with interference in therespective sleeves camshaft 2 has a unitary character. - The
central sleeve 8 carries the twoexhaust cams 5b and 5c as well as acylindrical surface 11 disposed between them and having acentral groove 12 and one or moreradial holes 13. Thesurface 11 is held in a bearing 14 of the engine head on which the timing system 1 is mounted. Thegroove 12 and theholes 13 serve for the passage of lubricating oil from a duct in the bearing 14 towards the interior of thecamshaft 2 throughrespective recesses 15 formed in one and/or the other of the abutting surfaces of the two half-shafts 6, 7. - The first end sleeve 9 carries the
exhaust cam 5d and is fitted with interference (force-fitted) on the free end of the half-shaft 7. In addition to thecam 5d, it is possible to identify two cylindrical surfaces, indicated 16 and 17, respectively, between which there is agroove 18. Thesurface 16 is held in abearing 19 of the head and thesurface 17 faces anoil seal 20 concealed in thebearing 19. When theshaft 2 is mounted on the engine, thegroove 18 is engaged by aplate 21 which restrains theshaft 2 axially in the respective bearings whilst allowing it to rotate. - In the embodiment of Figure 1, the
second end sleeve 10 is an integral part of thephase variator 3. It is fitted with interference on the free end of the half-shaft 6 and carries theexhaust cam 5a, aflange 22 and anintermediate surface 23 between the cam and the flange. Thesurface 23 is held in afurther bearing 24 of the engine head and has aradial hole 25 for the admission of oil under pressure for the active operation of thephase variator 3. A furthercylindrical surface 26 is formed concentrically with thesurface 23 for anoil seal 27 held in a seat 28 in thebearing 24. Behind thesurface 26 there is ashoulder 29 for forcing theseal 27 into the seat 28 during the assembly of theshaft 2. - The
camshaft 2 also comprises a pair ofrotatable sleeves cams 4a, 4b and 4c, 4d are respectivecylindrical surfaces holes respective pins cylindrical surfaces respective bearings pin like holes 36a, 36b for permitting limited relative rotation between thesleeves phase variator 3 controls this rotation in the manner described below. - The
variator 3 comprises atubular housing 40 which is closed at one end by a cover 41 with ablind hole 42, and which is open at the opposite end where it carries aflange 43 extending radially outwardly. Theflange 43 has slot-like holes 44 in positions corresponding to those of a similar number of threadedholes 45 in theflange 22. These flanges are clamped together as an assembly byscrews 46, by means of which a pulley orsimilar transmission member 47 is fixed to thevariator 3. It will be noted that the slot-like holes 44 permit an adjustment of the relative angular positions of thehousing 40 and of thecamshaft 2. Anannular piston 48, slidable in thehousing 40, has an internal set ofteeth 49 engaged on an external set ofteeth 50 of anoperating shaft 51 of thevariator 3. Thepiston 48 also has an external set of teeth 52 engaged with a corresponding internal set of teeth 53 of thehousing 40. The shapes of these sets ofteeth shaft 51 corresponds, in known manner, to relative rotation between thehousing 40 and theoperating shaft 51. For example, one pair of sets of teeth is helical whereas the other pair is straight. - The
piston 48 is urged against the cover 41 by aspring 54. A pressurized-oil supply chamber 56 is defined between the facing walls of the piston and of the cover, and aduct 55, arranged as an extension of thehole 25, opens therein. As a result, when oil is supplied to thechamber 56 under pressure, a thrust such as to overcome the resistance of thespring 54 is exerted on thepiston 48 and the piston is consequently translated along theoperating shaft 51, bringing about a rotation of the latter relative to thehousing 40. The portion of theshaft 51 which is inside thephase variator 3 is supported with itsend 60 in theblind hole 42 in the cover 41 but apredominant portion 61 extends out of the variator and is inserted coaxially in thecamshaft 2 so as to be rotatable relative thereto. Tworadial holes portion 61 and thepins operating shaft 51 relative to thecamshaft 2, there is a corresponding identical rotation of thesleeves exhaust cams 5a-d. To favour the rotation of the operating shaft relative to the camshaft, lubricating oil is supplied to the space between the two through theradial holes - A variant of the invention is shown in Figure 5 in which details similar to those of the preceding embodiment are indicated by the same reference numerals. The variator, generally indicated 70, of this variant can be assembled independently of the
camshaft 2 and can be fitted thereon by the force-fitting, on ashank 72 of the camshaft, of acollar 71 which is equivalent, from an operative point of view, to thesleeve portion 10 close to theflange 22 of the previous embodiment. Thecollar 71 has a shoulder 73 for thespring 54 so that the spring keeps thepiston 48 in abutment with the cover 41 even when thevariator 70 is separated from thecamshaft 2. The initial phase-setting is adjusted by means of slots, not shown, in thepulley 47 in positions corresponding to those of thescrews 46. - The assembly of the timing system of the invention is particularly simple and effective both with the use of the
variator 70, which can be assembled separately, and with the use of thevariator 3, and is carried out in the following manner. - First of all, the
rotatable sleeves camshaft assembly 2 is locked axially by the forcing of the half-shafts into therespective sleeves operating shaft 51 is then inserted in thecamshaft 2 coaxially. Therotatable sleeves operating shaft 51 by means of thepins phase variator 3 is then fitted. To facilitate the phase-setting of thepulley 47 relative to thecamshaft 2, apin 75 projecting from theflange 22 is intended to engage a corresponding hole (not shown) in a predetermined position in theradial flange 77 of thepulley 47, extending through aslot 76 in theflange 43. This brings about unequivocal relative positioning between thepulley 47 and thecamshaft 2 whilst permitting adjustment of the angular position of thehousing 40 relative to theshaft 2 by means of theslot 76. - The timing system thus assembled has a unitary structure, that is, its components are connected to one another and are ready for fitting on the head of an engine.
- Structural simplicity, ease of assembly of the various components and the unitary nature of the assembled system when it is not yet fitted in an engine will be counted amongst the advantages of this technical solution.
Claims (13)
- A timing system of the so-called "single-shaft" type, particularly for internal combustion engines, comprising a camshaft (2) with at least first and second sets of cams (4a-d; 5a-d), a phase variator (3) including an operating shaft (51) extending coaxially in the camshaft (2) and operatively associated therewith in order to vary the phase angle between the sets of cams (4a-d; 5a-d), the camshaft being unitary and the cams being restrained axially thereon, the cams of the second set (5a-d) and of the first set (4a-d) being fixed for rotation with the camshaft (2) and with the operating shaft (51), respectively, the phase variator (3) including first and second variator elements (40, 51) which can rotate relative to one another as a result of active operation of the variator, the variator elements being fixed for rotation with the camshaft (2) and with the operating shaft (51), respectively, so as to bring about a phase variation between the cams of the sets (4a-d; 5a-d) as a result of the active operation of the variator (3), characterized in that the camshaft (2) comprises at least two half-shafts (6,7) joined together by a central sleeve (8).
- A system according to Claim 1, in which the first and second variator elements are a housing (40) of the variator and the operating shaft (51), respectively, the camshaft (2) being fixed for rotation with the housing 40.
- A system according to Claim 1 or Claim 2, in which the central sleeve (8) carries part of said cams.
- A system according to Claim 2 or Claim 3, in which the half-shafts (6, 7) are fitted with interference in the central sleeve (8).
- A system according to one or more of the preceding claims, in which the half-shafts (6, 7) are in turn coupled to respective end sleeves (9, 10), the sleeves together carrying all of the cams (5a-d) of the second set.
- A system according to Claim 5, in which one of the end sleeves comprises means (22) for the attachment of the housing (40) of the variator (3).
- A system according to one or more of the preceding claims in which the cams (4a-d) of the first set are formed on sleeves (30, 31) mounted rotatably on the half-shafts (6, 7).
- A system according to Claim 7, in which the rotatable sleeves (30, 31) are mounted in positions between the central sleeve (8) and the end sleeves (9, 10).
- A system according to Claim 7 or Claim 8, in which the rotatable sleeves (30, 31) are restrained axially on the half-shafts (6, 7) by the end sleeves (9, 10) and the central sleeve (8).
- A system according to one or more of Claims 7 to 9, in which the rotatable sleeves (30, 31) are connected to the operating shaft (51) of the variator by means of pins (36, 37) driven into the rotatable sleeves and into the operating shaft and extending through slot-like holes (36a, 36b) in the corresponding half-shafts (6, 7).
- A system according to one or more of the preceding claims in which the angular position of the housing (40) of the variator (3) relative to the camshaft is adjustable.
- A system according to Claim 11, in which the housing carries a flange for attachment to the camshaft, the flange having slot-like holes (44).
- A system according to one or more of the preceding claims, in which a toothed portion (50) is provided on an axial end of the operating shaft 51 of the variator (3) and a piston (48) of the variator (3) is engaged slidingly thereon.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IT1994PD000087A IT1268966B1 (en) | 1994-05-12 | 1994-05-12 | SINGLE SHAFT DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM, IN PARTICULAR FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES. |
ITPD940087 | 1994-05-12 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0686754A2 EP0686754A2 (en) | 1995-12-13 |
EP0686754A3 EP0686754A3 (en) | 1996-04-10 |
EP0686754B1 true EP0686754B1 (en) | 1999-10-27 |
Family
ID=11390679
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95201083A Expired - Lifetime EP0686754B1 (en) | 1994-05-12 | 1995-04-27 | A single shaft timing system, particularly for internal combustion engines |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0686754B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69512962T2 (en) |
IT (1) | IT1268966B1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2527607A2 (en) | 2011-05-27 | 2012-11-28 | Schwäbische Hüttenwerke Automotive GmbH | Device for adjusting a rotation angle position of nested camshafts relative to one another |
DE10346448B4 (en) | 2003-10-07 | 2017-03-30 | Daimler Ag | Camshaft adjuster for an internal combustion engine |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102005014680A1 (en) * | 2005-02-03 | 2006-08-10 | Mahle International Gmbh | Camshaft with mutually rotatable cam for motor vehicles in particular |
DE102005040934A1 (en) | 2005-02-03 | 2006-08-17 | Mahle International Gmbh | Adjustable camshaft, in particular for internal combustion engines of motor vehicles, with a hydraulic adjusting device |
DE102005035476B4 (en) | 2005-07-26 | 2022-07-07 | Jörg von Seggern Maschinenbau GmbH | Device for gas-tight packaging of objects |
DE102005058548B4 (en) * | 2005-12-08 | 2020-11-12 | Audi Ag | Valve drive for an internal combustion engine |
DE102006024794A1 (en) | 2006-05-27 | 2007-12-06 | Mahle International Gmbh | Adjustable camshaft |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB767645A (en) * | 1954-04-01 | 1957-02-06 | Rene Louis Martin | Improvements in, or relating to valve gear for four stroke internal combustion engines |
DE3624827A1 (en) * | 1986-07-23 | 1988-02-04 | Sueddeutsche Kolbenbolzenfabri | ADJUSTMENT FOR A CAMSHAFT FOR CONTROLLING THE GAS INLET AND EXHAUST VALVES OF COMBUSTION ENGINES |
DE59302331D1 (en) * | 1992-08-13 | 1996-05-30 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Reciprocating piston internal combustion engine with two gas exchange valves per cylinder |
FR2709786B1 (en) * | 1993-09-09 | 1995-11-17 | Renault | Camshaft for internal combustion engine. |
-
1994
- 1994-05-12 IT IT1994PD000087A patent/IT1268966B1/en active IP Right Grant
-
1995
- 1995-04-27 DE DE69512962T patent/DE69512962T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-04-27 EP EP95201083A patent/EP0686754B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10346448B4 (en) | 2003-10-07 | 2017-03-30 | Daimler Ag | Camshaft adjuster for an internal combustion engine |
EP2527607A2 (en) | 2011-05-27 | 2012-11-28 | Schwäbische Hüttenwerke Automotive GmbH | Device for adjusting a rotation angle position of nested camshafts relative to one another |
DE102011076652A1 (en) | 2011-05-27 | 2012-11-29 | Schwäbische Hüttenwerke Automotive GmbH | Device for adjusting the relative angular position of nested camshafts |
DE102011076652B4 (en) * | 2011-05-27 | 2017-06-01 | Schwäbische Hüttenwerke Automotive GmbH | Device for adjusting the relative angular position of nested camshafts |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
IT1268966B1 (en) | 1997-03-18 |
ITPD940087A0 (en) | 1994-05-12 |
ITPD940087A1 (en) | 1995-11-12 |
DE69512962T2 (en) | 2000-05-04 |
DE69512962D1 (en) | 1999-12-02 |
EP0686754A3 (en) | 1996-04-10 |
EP0686754A2 (en) | 1995-12-13 |
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