EP0683088A1 - Front wheel suspension assembly with double transversal triangles and motor vehicle equipped with such an assembly - Google Patents

Front wheel suspension assembly with double transversal triangles and motor vehicle equipped with such an assembly Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0683088A1
EP0683088A1 EP95401102A EP95401102A EP0683088A1 EP 0683088 A1 EP0683088 A1 EP 0683088A1 EP 95401102 A EP95401102 A EP 95401102A EP 95401102 A EP95401102 A EP 95401102A EP 0683088 A1 EP0683088 A1 EP 0683088A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
triangles
triangle
vehicle
front axle
extension
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95401102A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0683088B1 (en
Inventor
Armand Froumajou
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Automobiles Peugeot SA
Automobiles Citroen SA
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Automobiles Peugeot SA
Automobiles Citroen SA
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Publication of EP0683088A1 publication Critical patent/EP0683088A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0683088B1 publication Critical patent/EP0683088B1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G3/00—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel
    • B60G3/18—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel with two or more pivoted arms, e.g. parallelogram
    • B60G3/20—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel with two or more pivoted arms, e.g. parallelogram all arms being rigid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G7/00—Pivoted suspension arms; Accessories thereof
    • B60G7/02—Attaching arms to sprung part of vehicle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D21/00—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted
    • B62D21/11—Understructures, i.e. chassis frame on which a vehicle body may be mounted with resilient means for suspension, e.g. of wheels or engine; sub-frames for mounting engine or suspensions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2200/00—Indexing codes relating to suspension types
    • B60G2200/10—Independent suspensions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/10—Mounting of suspension elements
    • B60G2204/15—Mounting of subframes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
    • B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
    • B60G2206/60—Subframe construction

Definitions

  • the subject of the invention is a front axle with double transverse triangles and a motor vehicle equipped with such a axle. It finds its application in the automotive industry.
  • a front axle well known in the prior art, is described for example in patent FR 1,226,280. It has been the subject of numerous applications, but it has been replaced in vehicles with front-wheel drive and powertrain arranged transversely by trains of the Mac Pherson type or pseudo Mac Pherson. In fact, in these vehicles, there is not enough space between the axis of the pivot located in the wheel and the powerplant to place the upper triangle and its supports on the structure.
  • the upper triangle must be articulated in an upper part of the body structure, which requires direct mounting on the body and a corresponding loss of precision in the geometry of the train. Therefore, the pivot must include an extension similar to a horn to join the upper ball, which leads to additional mass and price, while the triangle has a limited transverse dimension.
  • the carrier element can only be attached to the lower triangle, which causes problems associated with the passage of the transmission to the wheel.
  • the invention therefore provides a front axle with double transverse triangles which overcomes the drawbacks mentioned above, while retaining a compact pivot and allowing direct articulation of the two triangles on a cradle which can be fixed to the body by supports. filtering elastics.
  • the upper triangle consists of a transverse arm situated substantially in the vertical plane of the axle and of an extension substantially perpendicular to the arm and extending towards the rear along the longitudinal articulation axis of the triangle, arranged so that said transverse arm passes and struggles under the stretcher of corresponding structure.
  • the two triangles are articulated to a cradle fixed to the body of the vehicle under the stretchers by elastic supports.
  • the cradle consists of an upper structure on which the upper triangles are articulated and a lower structure on which the lower triangles are articulated.
  • the upper structure of the cradle comprises a U-shaped cross member and the lower structure a cross member and two beams, the upper and lower cross members being welded together at the center of the vehicle and fixed together at their ends via two vertical columns.
  • each vertical column may have an extension extending outwards and serving as a housing for a front elastic support situated inside the L constituted by the arm and its extension and each spar may include at the rear an extension serving as a housing for a rear elastic support.
  • the stretchers of the structure of the motor vehicle equipped with the train described above each comprise, symmetrically with respect to the axis of the vehicle, a low rear part and a high front part which is further from the axis of the vehicle than the rear part at the level of the transverse powertrain, the articulation of the upper arm is advantageously arranged near the connection zone of the front and rear parts.
  • a front axle according to the invention is also remarkable in that the front elastic supports are fixed to the vehicle structure under the stretcher towards the front of the connection area and the rear elastic supports under the stretcher at the rear end of the connection area.
  • each upper triangle may be substantially parallel to the plan direction of the connection zone of the front and rear parts of the corresponding stretcher.
  • the vehicle structure comprises ( Figures 1 and 2) two stretchers 1 symmetrical to each other with respect to the vertical and longitudinal plane XX 'of the vehicle.
  • Each stretcher 1 has a front part 1 a and a rear part 1 b connected by an intermediate part 1 c .
  • the front part 1 a extends approximately horizontally from the front of the vehicle to the vertical plane 2 of the front axle where the connection zone 1 c begins with the rear part 1 b .
  • the latter extends approximately horizontally rearward under the floor 3 of the vehicle and is arranged lower than the front part 1 a and closer to the plane of symmetry XX '.
  • the upper triangle 6 generally made of forged steel, comprises an arm 6 a extending transversely from the front end of an extension 6 b in the form of a coil.
  • This extension 6b extends longitudinally rearwardly and is provided with means ensuring its articulation about a longitudinal axis 6 c disposed within the space defined by the shafts 1 and their projection on the ground in the vicinity of the intermediate zone 1 c .
  • the arm 6 a and the extension 6 b substantially constitute an L.
  • the base 6 b of the L and its articulation axis 6 c can be inclined in plane parallel to the horizontal projection of the connection area 1 c for reasons of implantation ( Figure 2), the upper triangle 6 then takes on the shape of a boomerang.
  • the extension 6b is disposed entirely on the inner side of the stretchers 1.
  • the articulation axis 6c can also be inclined about 1 ° forwards relative to the horizontal, in order to obtain natural anti-rearing.
  • the arm 6 a can pass and struggle under the front part 1 a of the stretcher 1, just in front of the connection zone 1 c .
  • This shape and this arrangement make it possible to give the upper triangle 6 both in the transverse direction the effective length (arm 6 a ) necessary for obtaining a good plan of the train and in the other direction a sufficient length (extension 6 b ) to withstand the longitudinal forces of the wheel, both under braking and under traction.
  • the lower triangle 16 can be produced according to techniques well known for trains of the Mac Pherson type.
  • Each triangle (6 or 16) has on the wheel side ( Figure 6) a ball joint with the wheel support or pivot 17 and can be advantageously articulated on a cradle B itself fixed to the body by elastic supports ensuring filtration of the vibrations.
  • the cradle B is constituted by a rigid assembly, typically although not necessarily made of pre-protected sheet metal, stamped and welded to the cord, comprising an upper structure at the ends of which are articulated the upper triangles 6 and a lower structure at the ends of which are articulated the lower triangles 16 ( Figures 4 and 6).
  • the upper structure comprises an upper cross member 8 having a U-shaped section.
  • the lower structure consists of a lower cross member 9 and two beams 10 welded to the ends of this cross member 9.
  • the upper cross member 8 is bent downwards and the lower cross member 9 is bent upwards.
  • the crosspieces 8 and 9 are welded together at the center of the vehicle.
  • the lower and upper structures are also fixed to each other by means of two vertical columns 11 at the ends of the crosspieces 8 and 9.
  • Each vertical column 11 comprises at its upper part an extension 11a extending outwardly and serving to house a support or filter wedge 7, which is itself bolted to the structure of the vehicle under the stretcher 1 forward of the connection area 1 c .
  • the U-shaped section of the upper cross member 8 serves as a yoke for the articulation 6 c of the upper triangle 6.
  • the joints of the lower triangle 16 are fixed on the external face of the beam 10 which extends rearward to an extension serving as a housing for a support or elastic filter block 12, itself bolted to the structure of the vehicle ( Figure 5) under the stretcher 1 towards the rear end of the connection area 1 c .
  • FIG. 3 which shows the relative position of the arm 6 a and the cradle wedge 7, the latter is located in a way in the "hollow" of the triangle 6, that is to say at the inside of the L constituted by the arm 6 a and its extension 6 b .
  • the cradle also supports, as is known, a steering rack 13, which can for example be bolted to the lower cross member 9.
  • the cradle described therefore supports all of the articulated connections of the front axle, and is itself fixed to the structure of the vehicle by four elastic filter connections (front filter blocks 7, rear filter blocks 12).
  • the suspension and damping function is provided by a carrier element 14 comprising a concentric spring and damper, a carrier element bearing on the upper part of the wheel arch 15, and articulated at its lower part on the upper triangle 6 ( Figure 6).

Abstract

The system has each wheel carried by a support or pivot (17) with two ball joints connected to upper and lower triangles (6,16). The upper triangle comprises a transverse arm (6a) which is situated in the vertical plane of the wheel axle, and an extension (6b) which lies perpendicular to the arm (6a) and extends rearwards from its lengthwise axis. The two triangles are articulated to a cradle (B) which is fixed to the vehicle bodywork beneath the chassis lengthwise member (1) by elastic supports (7,12). The cradle has an upper structure (8) and a lower one (9,10) to which the two triangles are connected. <IMAGE>

Description

L'invention a pour objet un train avant à doubles triangles transversaux ainsi qu'un véhicule automobile équipé d'un tel train. Elle trouve son application dans l'industrie automobile.The subject of the invention is a front axle with double transverse triangles and a motor vehicle equipped with such a axle. It finds its application in the automotive industry.

Il est connu, dans l'art antérieur, un train avant pour vehicule automobile du genre dans lequel les brancards de structure comportent une partie arrière basse et une partie avant haute, plus écartée de l'axe du véhicule que la partie arrière au niveau du groupe moto-propulseur transversal et dans lequel chaque roue est portée par un support de roue ou pivot comportant deux rotules définissant un axe de pivotement de la roue, une de ces rotules étant reliée à un sommet d'un premier triangle dit inférieur et l'autre à un sommet d'un deuxième triangle dit supérieur, dont l'axe d'articulation longitudinal est situé à l'intérieur de l'espace défini par lesdits brancards de structure et leur projection au sol, ces deux triangles étant reliés chacun à la caisse par une articulation à axe sensiblement longitudinal, selon leur côté opposé à la rotule, de façon à permettre et guider le débattement vertical de la roue.It is known, in the prior art, a front axle for a motor vehicle of the kind in which the structural stretchers have a low rear part and a high front part, more spaced from the axis of the vehicle than the rear part at the level of the transverse powertrain and in which each wheel is carried by a wheel support or pivot comprising two ball joints defining a pivot axis of the wheel, one of these ball joints being connected to a vertex of a first triangle called lower and the another at a vertex of a second so-called upper triangle, the longitudinal articulation axis of which is situated inside the space defined by said structural stretchers and their projection onto the ground, these two triangles each being connected to the body by an articulation with a substantially longitudinal axis, along their side opposite to the ball joint, so as to allow and guide the vertical travel of the wheel.

Un train avant, bien connu de l'art antérieur, est décrit par exemple dans le brevet FR 1.226.280. Il a fait l'objet de nombreuses applications, mais il a été remplacé dans les véhicules à traction avant et groupe motopropulseur disposé transversalement par des trains de type Mac Pherson ou pseudo Mac Pherson. En effet, on ne dispose pas dans ces véhicules, entre l'axe du pivot situé dans la roue et le groupe moto-propulseur, d'un espace suffisant pour implanter le triangle supérieur et ses supports sur la structure.A front axle, well known in the prior art, is described for example in patent FR 1,226,280. It has been the subject of numerous applications, but it has been replaced in vehicles with front-wheel drive and powertrain arranged transversely by trains of the Mac Pherson type or pseudo Mac Pherson. In fact, in these vehicles, there is not enough space between the axis of the pivot located in the wheel and the powerplant to place the upper triangle and its supports on the structure.

Il a été cependant proposé pour de tels véhicules des trains du type décrit ci-dessus dans lesquels le triangle supérieur est placé très haut, par exemple au dessus de la roue elle-même. Une telle disposition présente un certain nombre d'inconvénients exposés ci-dessous.However, it has been proposed for such vehicles trains of the type described above in which the upper triangle is placed very high, for example above the wheel itself. Such an arrangement has a number of drawbacks set out below.

Le triangle supérieur doit être articulé dans une partie haute de la structure de caisse, ce qui impose un montage direct sur la caisse et une perte de précision corrélative dans la géométrie du train. De ce fait, le pivot doit comporter un prolongement analogue à une corne pour rejoindre la rotule supérieure, ce qui entraîne des suppléments de masse et de prix, alors que le triangle a une dimension transversale limitée.The upper triangle must be articulated in an upper part of the body structure, which requires direct mounting on the body and a corresponding loss of precision in the geometry of the train. Therefore, the pivot must include an extension similar to a horn to join the upper ball, which leads to additional mass and price, while the triangle has a limited transverse dimension.

En outre, I'élément porteur ne peut être rattaché qu'au triangle inférieur, ce qui entraîne des problèmes liés au passage de la transmission vers la roue.In addition, the carrier element can only be attached to the lower triangle, which causes problems associated with the passage of the transmission to the wheel.

Enfin, la présence près de la roue de la corne de pivot et de l'élément porteur augmente l'encombrement transversal.Finally, the presence near the wheel of the pivot horn and of the carrier element increases the transverse size.

L'invention propose donc un train avant à doubles triangles transversaux qui remédie aux inconvénients cités ci-dessus, tout en conservant un pivot compact et en permettant l'articulation directe des deux triangles sur un berceau qui peut être fixé à la caisse par des supports élastiques filtrants.The invention therefore provides a front axle with double transverse triangles which overcomes the drawbacks mentioned above, while retaining a compact pivot and allowing direct articulation of the two triangles on a cradle which can be fixed to the body by supports. filtering elastics.

A cet effet, et selon une première caractéristique de l'invention, le triangle supérieur est constitué d'un bras transversal situé sensiblement dans le plan vertical de l'essieu et d'un prolongement sensiblement perpendiculaire au bras et s'étendant vers l'arrière selon l'axe d'articulation longitudinal du triangle, disposé de telle sorte que ledit bras transversal passe et se débat sous le brancard de structure correspondant.To this end, and according to a first characteristic of the invention, the upper triangle consists of a transverse arm situated substantially in the vertical plane of the axle and of an extension substantially perpendicular to the arm and extending towards the rear along the longitudinal articulation axis of the triangle, arranged so that said transverse arm passes and struggles under the stretcher of corresponding structure.

Selon une autre caractéristique importante de l'invention, les deux triangles sont articulés à un berceau fixé à la caisse du véhicule sous les brancards par des supports élastiques.According to another important characteristic of the invention, the two triangles are articulated to a cradle fixed to the body of the vehicle under the stretchers by elastic supports.

Le berceau est constitué d'une structure supérieure sur laquelle sont articulés les triangles supérieurs et d'une structure inférieure sur laquelle sont articulés les triangles inférieurs.The cradle consists of an upper structure on which the upper triangles are articulated and a lower structure on which the lower triangles are articulated.

Selon une forme de réalisation préférée de l'invention, la structure supérieure du berceau comporte une traverse en U et la structure inférieure une traverse et deux longeronnets, les traverses supérieure et inférieure étant soudées entre elles au centre du véhicule et fixées entre elles à leurs extrémités par l'intermédiaire de deux colonnes verticales.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the upper structure of the cradle comprises a U-shaped cross member and the lower structure a cross member and two beams, the upper and lower cross members being welded together at the center of the vehicle and fixed together at their ends via two vertical columns.

En outre, chaque colonne verticale peut comporter un prolongement s'étendant vers l'extérieur et servant de logement à un support élastique avant situé à l'intérieur du L constitué par le bras et son prolongement et chaque longeronnet peut comporter à l'arrière une extension servant de logement à un support élastique arrière.In addition, each vertical column may have an extension extending outwards and serving as a housing for a front elastic support situated inside the L constituted by the arm and its extension and each spar may include at the rear an extension serving as a housing for a rear elastic support.

Dans une disposition où les brancards de structure du véhicule automobile équipé du train décrit ci-dessus comportent chacun, symétriquement par rapport à l'axe du véhicule, une partie arrière basse et une partie avant haute et plus écartée de l'axe du véhicule que la partie arrière au niveau du groupe moto-propulseur transversal, l'articulation du bras supérieur est avantageusement disposée à proximité de la zone de raccordement des parties avant et arrière.In an arrangement where the stretchers of the structure of the motor vehicle equipped with the train described above each comprise, symmetrically with respect to the axis of the vehicle, a low rear part and a high front part which is further from the axis of the vehicle than the rear part at the level of the transverse powertrain, the articulation of the upper arm is advantageously arranged near the connection zone of the front and rear parts.

Un train avant selon l'invention est également remarquable en ce que les supports élastiques avant sont fixés à la structure du véhicule sous le brancard vers l'avant de la zone de raccordement et les supports élastiques arrière sous le brancard à l'extrémité arrière de la zone de raccordement.A front axle according to the invention is also remarkable in that the front elastic supports are fixed to the vehicle structure under the stretcher towards the front of the connection area and the rear elastic supports under the stretcher at the rear end of the connection area.

Enfin, l'axe de l'articulation de chaque triangle supérieur peut être sensiblement parallèle à la direction en plan de la zone de raccordement des parties avant et arrière du brancard correspondant.Finally, the axis of the articulation of each upper triangle may be substantially parallel to the plan direction of the connection zone of the front and rear parts of the corresponding stretcher.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à l'aide de la description qui va suivre, donnée à titre d'exemple non limitatif et faite en se référant aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels:

  • la figure 1 est une coupe longitudinale d'un véhicule comportant un train avant suivant l'invention, coupe passant par l'axe du triangle supérieur;
  • la figure 2 est une coupe en plan passant par l'axe du même triangle;
  • la figure 3 est une coupe longitudinale locale passant par le brancard de structure ;
  • la figure 4 est une coupe longitudinale selon l'axe XX' du véhicule ;
  • la figure 5 est, pour la partie basse une vue en plan, pour la partie haute une coupe du berceau à mi-hauteur; et
  • la figure 6 est une demi vue de face avec coupe partielle transversale à droite de la ligne L.
The invention will be better understood with the aid of the description which follows, given by way of nonlimiting example and made with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
  • Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of a vehicle having a front axle according to the invention, section passing through the axis of the upper triangle;
  • Figure 2 is a plan section through the axis of the same triangle;
  • Figure 3 is a local longitudinal section through the stretcher structure;
  • Figure 4 is a longitudinal section along the axis XX 'of the vehicle;
  • Figure 5 is, for the lower part a plan view, for the upper part a section of the cradle at mid-height; and
  • Figure 6 is a half front view with partial cross section to the right of line L.

La structure du véhicule comprend (Figures 1 et 2) deux brancards 1 symétriques l'un de l'autre par rapport au plan vertical et longitudinal XX' du véhicule. Chaque brancard 1 comporte une partie avant 1a et une partie arrière 1b raccordées par une partie intermédiaire 1c. La partie avant 1a s'étend à peu près horizontalement depuis l'avant du véhicule jusqu'au plan vertical 2 de l'essieu avant où commence la zone de raccordement 1c avec la partie arrière 1b. Cette dernière s'étend à peu près horizontalement vers l'arrière sous le plancher 3 du véhicule et est disposée plus bas que la partie avant 1a et plus près du plan de symétrie XX'.The vehicle structure comprises (Figures 1 and 2) two stretchers 1 symmetrical to each other with respect to the vertical and longitudinal plane XX 'of the vehicle. Each stretcher 1 has a front part 1 a and a rear part 1 b connected by an intermediate part 1 c . The front part 1 a extends approximately horizontally from the front of the vehicle to the vertical plane 2 of the front axle where the connection zone 1 c begins with the rear part 1 b . The latter extends approximately horizontally rearward under the floor 3 of the vehicle and is arranged lower than the front part 1 a and closer to the plane of symmetry XX '.

On voit (Figure 2) que le brancard 1 est contigu extérieurement au volume engendré par le braquage de la roue 4 et que sa forme particulière permet notamment l'implantation du groupe moto-propulseur 5 en travers. La forme du brancard 1 permet également, de façon connue, un braquage plus grand de la roue située à l'intérieur du virage.We see (Figure 2) that the stretcher 1 is contiguous externally to the volume generated by the turning of the wheel 4 and that its particular shape allows in particular the implantation of the powertrain 5 across. The shape of the stretcher 1 also allows, in known manner, a greater deflection of the wheel located inside the turn.

Le triangle supérieur 6, généralement en acier forgé, comporte un bras 6a s'étendant transversalement depuis l'extrémité avant d'un prolongement 6b en forme de bobine. Ce prolongement 6b s'étend longitudinalement vers l'arrière et est muni de moyens assurant son articulation autour d'un axe longitudinal 6c disposé à l'intérieur de l'espace défini par les brancards 1 et leur projection au sol au voisinage de la zone intermédiaire 1c. Le bras 6a et le prolongement 6b constituent sensiblement un L. La base 6b du L et son axe d'articulation 6c peuvent être inclinés en plan parallèlement à la projection horizontale de la zone de raccordement 1c pour des raisons d'implantation (Figure 2), le triangle supérieur 6 prend alors en quelque sorte la forme d'un boomerang. On notera que le prolongement 6b est disposé entièrement côté intérieur des brancards 1. L'axe d'articulation 6c peut également être incliné d'environ 1° vers l'avant par rapport à l'horizontale, afin d'obtenir de l'anti-cabrage naturel.The upper triangle 6, generally made of forged steel, comprises an arm 6 a extending transversely from the front end of an extension 6 b in the form of a coil. This extension 6b extends longitudinally rearwardly and is provided with means ensuring its articulation about a longitudinal axis 6 c disposed within the space defined by the shafts 1 and their projection on the ground in the vicinity of the intermediate zone 1 c . The arm 6 a and the extension 6 b substantially constitute an L. The base 6 b of the L and its articulation axis 6 c can be inclined in plane parallel to the horizontal projection of the connection area 1 c for reasons of implantation (Figure 2), the upper triangle 6 then takes on the shape of a boomerang. It will be noted that the extension 6b is disposed entirely on the inner side of the stretchers 1. The articulation axis 6c can also be inclined about 1 ° forwards relative to the horizontal, in order to obtain natural anti-rearing.

On voit alors que, grâce à sa forme et à la disposition de son axe d'articulation, le bras 6a peut passer et se débattre sous la partie avant 1a du brancard 1,juste en avant de la zone de raccordement 1c.It is then seen that, thanks to its shape and the arrangement of its articulation axis, the arm 6 a can pass and struggle under the front part 1 a of the stretcher 1, just in front of the connection zone 1 c .

Cette forme et cette disposition permettent de donner au triangle supérieur 6 à la fois dans la direction transversale la longueur effective (bras 6a) nécessaire à l'obtention d'une bonne épure du train et dans l'autre direction une longueur suffisante (extension 6b) pour supporter les efforts longitudinaux de la roue, tant au freinage qu'en traction.This shape and this arrangement make it possible to give the upper triangle 6 both in the transverse direction the effective length (arm 6 a ) necessary for obtaining a good plan of the train and in the other direction a sufficient length (extension 6 b ) to withstand the longitudinal forces of the wheel, both under braking and under traction.

Le triangle inférieur 16 peut être réalisé selon les techniques bien connues pour les trains de type Mac Pherson. Chaque triangle (6 ou 16) comporte côté roue (Figure 6) une liaison à rotule avec le support de roue ou pivot 17 et peut être avantageusement articulé sur un berceau B lui-même fixé à la caisse par des supports élastiques assurant une filtration des vibrations.The lower triangle 16 can be produced according to techniques well known for trains of the Mac Pherson type. Each triangle (6 or 16) has on the wheel side (Figure 6) a ball joint with the wheel support or pivot 17 and can be advantageously articulated on a cradle B itself fixed to the body by elastic supports ensuring filtration of the vibrations.

Le berceau B est constitué par un ensemble rigide, typiquement bien que non nécessairement en tôle préprotégée, emboutie et soudée au cordon, comportant une structure supérieure aux extrémités de laquelle sont articulés les triangles supérieurs 6 et une structure inférieure aux extrémités de laquelle sont articulés les triangles inférieurs 16 (Figures 4 et 6).The cradle B is constituted by a rigid assembly, typically although not necessarily made of pre-protected sheet metal, stamped and welded to the cord, comprising an upper structure at the ends of which are articulated the upper triangles 6 and a lower structure at the ends of which are articulated the lower triangles 16 (Figures 4 and 6).

Comme on le voit dans la partie en coupe de la figure 6, la structure supérieure comporte une traverse supérieure 8 présentant une section en U. La structure inférieure est composée d'une traverse inférieure 9 et de deux longeronnets 10 soudés aux extrémités de cette traverse 9. La traverse supérieure 8 est cintrée vers le bas et la traverse inférieure 9 est cintrée vers le haut. Les traverses 8 et 9 sont soudées entre elles au centre du véhicule. Les structures inférieure et supérieure sont en outre fixées entre elles par l'intermédiaire de deux colonnes verticales 11 aux extrémités des traverses 8 et 9.As can be seen in the sectional section of FIG. 6, the upper structure comprises an upper cross member 8 having a U-shaped section. The lower structure consists of a lower cross member 9 and two beams 10 welded to the ends of this cross member 9. The upper cross member 8 is bent downwards and the lower cross member 9 is bent upwards. The crosspieces 8 and 9 are welded together at the center of the vehicle. The lower and upper structures are also fixed to each other by means of two vertical columns 11 at the ends of the crosspieces 8 and 9.

Chaque colonne verticale 11 comporte à sa partie supérieure un prolongement 11a s'étendant vers l'extérieur et servant de logement à un support ou cale de filtrage 7, lui-même boulonné à la structure du véhicule sous le brancard 1 vers l'avant de la zone de raccordement 1c. La section en U de la traverse supérieure 8 sert de chape à l'articulation 6c du triangle supérieur 6.Each vertical column 11 comprises at its upper part an extension 11a extending outwardly and serving to house a support or filter wedge 7, which is itself bolted to the structure of the vehicle under the stretcher 1 forward of the connection area 1 c . The U-shaped section of the upper cross member 8 serves as a yoke for the articulation 6 c of the upper triangle 6.

Les articulations du triangle inférieur 16 sont fixées sur la face externe du longeronnet 10 qui se prolonge vers l'arrière jusqu'à une extension servant de logement à un support ou cale élastique de filtrage 12, lui-même boulonné à la structure du véhicule (Figure 5) sous le brancard 1 vers l'extrémité arrière de la zone de raccordement 1c.The joints of the lower triangle 16 are fixed on the external face of the beam 10 which extends rearward to an extension serving as a housing for a support or elastic filter block 12, itself bolted to the structure of the vehicle ( Figure 5) under the stretcher 1 towards the rear end of the connection area 1 c .

Comme on le voit à la figure 3 qui montre la position relative du bras 6a et de la cale de berceau 7, cette dernière est située en quelque sorte dans le "creux" du triangle 6, c'est-à-dire à l'intérieur du L constitué par le bras 6a et son prolongement 6b.As can be seen in FIG. 3 which shows the relative position of the arm 6 a and the cradle wedge 7, the latter is located in a way in the "hollow" of the triangle 6, that is to say at the inside of the L constituted by the arm 6 a and its extension 6 b .

La forme et la disposition du triangle supérieur 6 permettent à la fois:

  • · son débattement sous le brancard, où seule la partie transversale 6a est concernée;
  • · le passage du prolongement 6b derrière la partie descendante 6c du brancard ;
  • · la disposition de la cale 7 sous le brancard ;
  • · la réalisation d'un berceau dans lequel l'ensemble des traverses 8 et 9, des longeronnets 10 et des colonnes 11 constitue une construction parfaitement triangulée apte à supporter sans déformation les efforts en provenance des attaches des triangles.
The shape and arrangement of the upper triangle 6 allow both:
  • · Its travel under the stretcher, where only the transverse part 6 a is concerned;
  • · The passage of the extension 6 b behind the descending part 6 c of the stretcher;
  • · The arrangement of the wedge 7 under the stretcher;
  • · The production of a cradle in which all of the crosspieces 8 and 9, the side members 10 and the columns 11 constitutes a perfectly triangulated construction able to withstand without strain the forces coming from the attachments of the triangles.

Le berceau supporte également, ainsi qu'il est connu, une crémaillère de direction 13, qui peut être par exemple boulonnée à la traverse inférieure 9.The cradle also supports, as is known, a steering rack 13, which can for example be bolted to the lower cross member 9.

Le berceau décrit supporte donc l'ensemble des liaisons articulées du train avant, et est lui-même fixé à la structure du véhicule par quatre liaisons élastiques de filtrage (cales de filtrage avant 7, cale de filtrage arrière 12).The cradle described therefore supports all of the articulated connections of the front axle, and is itself fixed to the structure of the vehicle by four elastic filter connections (front filter blocks 7, rear filter blocks 12).

La fonction suspension et amortissement est assurée par un élément porteur 14 comprenant un ressort et un amortisseur concentriques, élément porteur prenant appui à la partie supérieure du passage de roue 15, et articulé à sa partie inférieure sur le triangle supérieur 6 (Figure 6).The suspension and damping function is provided by a carrier element 14 comprising a concentric spring and damper, a carrier element bearing on the upper part of the wheel arch 15, and articulated at its lower part on the upper triangle 6 (Figure 6).

Claims (8)

Train avant pour véhicule automobile du genre dans lequel les brancards de structure (1) comportent une partie arrière basse (1b) et une partie avant haute (1a), plus écartée de l'axe du véhicule que la partie arrière au niveau du groupe moto-propulseur transversal (5) et dans lequel chaque roue (4) est portée par un support de roue ou pivot (17) comportant deux rotules définissant un axe de pivotement de la roue, une de ces rotules étant reliée à un sommet d'un premier triangle dit inférieur (16) et l'autre à un sommet d'un deuxième triangle dit supérieur (6) dont l'axe d'articulation longitudinal est situé à l'intérieur de l'espace défini par lesdits brancards de structure et leur projection au sol, ces deux triangles étant reliés chacun à la caisse par une articulation à axe sensiblement longitudinal, selon leur côté opposé à la rotule, de façon à permettre et guider le débattement vertical de la roue,
caractérisé en ce que le triangle supérieur (6) est constitué d'un bras transversal (6a) situé sensiblement dans le plan vertical (2) de l'essieu et d'un prolongement (6b) sensiblement perpendiculaire au bras (6a) et s'étendant vers l'arrière selon l'axe d'articulation longitudinal (6c) du triangle, disposé de telle sorte que ledit bras transversal (6a) passe et se débat sous le brancard de structure correspondant.Front axle for a motor vehicle of the type in which the structural stretchers (1) have a low rear part (1 b ) and a high front part (1 a ), more spaced from the axis of the vehicle than the rear part at the level of the transverse powertrain (5) and in which each wheel (4) is carried by a wheel support or pivot (17) comprising two ball joints defining a pivot axis of the wheel, one of these ball joints being connected to a vertex d 'a first triangle called lower (16) and the other at the top of a second triangle called upper (6) whose longitudinal axis of articulation is located inside the space defined by said structural stretchers and their projection on the ground, these two triangles each being connected to the body by an articulation with a substantially longitudinal axis, along their side opposite to the ball joint, so as to allow and guide the vertical movement of the wheel,
characterized in that the upper triangle (6) consists of a transverse arm (6 a ) situated substantially in the vertical plane (2) of the axle and of an extension (6 b ) substantially perpendicular to the arm (6 a ) and extending rearward along the longitudinal articulation axis (6 c ) of the triangle, arranged such that said transverse arm (6 a ) passes and struggles under the stretcher of corresponding structure. Train avant, selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les triangles de suspension (6,16) sont articulés à un berceau (B) fixé à la caisse du véhicule sous les brancards par des supports élastiques (7,12).Front axle, according to claim 1, characterized in that the suspension triangles (6,16) are articulated to a cradle (B) fixed to the body of the vehicle under the stretchers by elastic supports (7,12). Train avant, selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le berceau (B) est constitué d'une structure supérieure (8) sur laquelle sont articulés les triangles supérieurs (6) et d'une structure inférieure (9,10) sur laquelle sont articulés les triangles inférieurs (16).Front axle according to claim 2, characterized in that the cradle (B) consists of an upper structure (8) on which the upper triangles (6) are articulated and a lower structure (9,10) on which the lower triangles (16) are articulated. Train avant, selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la structure supérieure comporte une traverse en U (8) et la structure inférieure une traverse (9) et deux longeronnets (10), les traverses supérieure et inférieure étant soudées entre elles au centre du véhicule et fixées entre elles à leurs extrémités par l'intermédiaire de deux colonnes verticales (11).Front axle according to claim 3, characterized in that the upper structure comprises a U-shaped cross member (8) and the lower structure a cross member (9) and two beams (10), the upper and lower cross members being welded together in the center of the vehicle and fixed to each other at their ends by means of two vertical columns (11). Train avant, selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que chaque colonne (11) comporte un prolongement (11a) s'étendant vers l'extérieur et servant de logement à un support élastique avant (7) situé à l'intérieur du L constitué par le bras (6a) et son prolongement (6b).Front axle according to Claim 4, characterized in that each column (11) comprises an extension (11 a) extending outwards and serving as housing for a front resilient support (7) located inside the L constituted by the arm (6 a ) and its extension (6 b ). Train avant, selon la revendication 4 ou la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que chaque longeronnet (10) comporte à l'arrière une extension (11a) servant de logement à un support élastique arrière (12).Front axle according to claim 4 or claim 5, characterized in that each spar (10) has at the rear an extension (11 a ) serving as a housing for a rear elastic support (12). Véhicule automobile, comportant un train avant conforme à l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les supports élastiques avant (7) sont fixés à la structure du véhicule sous le brancard (1) vers l'avant de la zone de raccordement (1c) et les supports élastiques arrière (12) sous le brancard (1) à l'extrémité arrière de la zone de raccordement (1c).Motor vehicle, comprising a front axle according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the elastic front supports (7) are fixed to the vehicle structure under the stretcher (1) towards the front of the connection area (1 c ) and the rear elastic supports (12) under the stretcher (1) at the rear end of the connection area (1 c ). Véhicule automobile, selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que l'axe d'articulation du triangle supérieur (6) est sensiblement parallèle à la direction en plan de la zone de raccordement (1c).Motor vehicle according to claim 7, characterized in that the axis of articulation of the upper triangle (6) is substantially parallel to the plan direction of the connection zone (1 c ).
EP19950401102 1994-05-19 1995-05-12 Front wheel suspension assembly with double transversal triangles and motor vehicle equipped with such an assembly Expired - Lifetime EP0683088B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9406110 1994-05-19
FR9406110A FR2720036B1 (en) 1994-05-19 1994-05-19 Front axle with double transverse triangles and motor vehicle equipped with such a axle.

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EP0683088A1 true EP0683088A1 (en) 1995-11-22
EP0683088B1 EP0683088B1 (en) 1997-07-16

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DE (1) DE69500436T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2106622T3 (en)
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998053786A2 (en) * 1997-05-30 1998-12-03 Yves Dignat Wheelchair with improved suspension
WO2004028883A1 (en) * 2002-09-24 2004-04-08 Daimlerchrysler Ag Arrangement for vibration damping in a vehicle
EP1666340A1 (en) * 2004-12-02 2006-06-07 Renault s.a.s. Subframe for front axle of a motor vehicle
FR2982573A1 (en) * 2011-11-15 2013-05-17 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING VEHICLE TRAIN ARMS ADAPTED TO DIFFERENT ANTI-CABARING ANGLES

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2812052B1 (en) * 2000-07-18 2003-03-07 C F Gomma Barre Thomas S A ARTICULATION FOR THE "CHASSIS WHEEL" CONNECTION SYSTEM OF A MOTOR VEHICLE
DE102012201818B4 (en) * 2012-02-07 2020-08-20 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Axle beam of a two-lane motor vehicle

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FR1051204A (en) * 1950-08-04 1954-01-14 Fiat Spa Automobile chassis
FR1188259A (en) * 1956-12-12 1959-09-21 Gen Motors Corp Vehicle suspension
FR1226280A (en) * 1958-06-21 1960-07-11 Daimler Benz Ag Suspension of an axle spacer for the suspension of a separate wheel
GB1433488A (en) * 1973-02-13 1976-04-28 Moulton Development Ltd Pivot mountings
GB1499696A (en) * 1975-05-19 1978-02-01 Gen Motors Corp Front wheel drive and suspension arrangements
JPS61226309A (en) * 1985-03-30 1986-10-08 Mazda Motor Corp Front suspension for vehicles
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998053786A2 (en) * 1997-05-30 1998-12-03 Yves Dignat Wheelchair with improved suspension
WO1998053786A3 (en) * 1997-05-30 1999-03-04 Yves Dignat Wheelchair with improved suspension
US6412804B1 (en) 1997-05-30 2002-07-02 M. Yves Dignat Wheelchair with improved suspension
WO2004028883A1 (en) * 2002-09-24 2004-04-08 Daimlerchrysler Ag Arrangement for vibration damping in a vehicle
US7357402B2 (en) 2002-09-24 2008-04-15 Daimlerchrysler Ag Arrangement for vibration damping in a vehicle
EP1666340A1 (en) * 2004-12-02 2006-06-07 Renault s.a.s. Subframe for front axle of a motor vehicle
FR2982573A1 (en) * 2011-11-15 2013-05-17 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING VEHICLE TRAIN ARMS ADAPTED TO DIFFERENT ANTI-CABARING ANGLES
WO2013072604A1 (en) * 2011-11-15 2013-05-23 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Method for producing trailing arms of a vehicle train suitable for different anti-nose lift angles

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2106622T3 (en) 1997-11-01
DE69500436T2 (en) 1998-01-29
FR2720036B1 (en) 1996-07-05
FR2720036A1 (en) 1995-11-24
EP0683088B1 (en) 1997-07-16
DE69500436D1 (en) 1997-08-21

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