EP0678891A1 - Interrupteur dépendant du courant - Google Patents

Interrupteur dépendant du courant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0678891A1
EP0678891A1 EP95105956A EP95105956A EP0678891A1 EP 0678891 A1 EP0678891 A1 EP 0678891A1 EP 95105956 A EP95105956 A EP 95105956A EP 95105956 A EP95105956 A EP 95105956A EP 0678891 A1 EP0678891 A1 EP 0678891A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
snap
disc
switch
resistance
bimetallic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95105956A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0678891B1 (fr
Inventor
Marcel Hofsaess
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thermik Geraetebau GmbH
Original Assignee
Thermik Geraetebau GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thermik Geraetebau GmbH filed Critical Thermik Geraetebau GmbH
Publication of EP0678891A1 publication Critical patent/EP0678891A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0678891B1 publication Critical patent/EP0678891B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/14—Electrothermal mechanisms
    • H01H71/16—Electrothermal mechanisms with bimetal element
    • H01H71/164—Heating elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/02—Details
    • H01H37/32—Thermally-sensitive members
    • H01H37/52—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element
    • H01H37/54—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element wherein the bimetallic element is inherently snap acting
    • H01H37/5427—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to deflection of bimetallic element wherein the bimetallic element is inherently snap acting encapsulated in sealed miniaturised housing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a bimetallic switch, in particular a current-dependent switch, with a bimetallic disc and a snap disc which can be switched by the bimetallic disc and which causes current flow in a closed position of the switch and interrupts the current flow in an open position, the bimetallic disc and snap disc both being arranged in one housing and with a resistance element arranged in the circuit and formed on the snap disk, which heats up when a given current flow is exceeded such that the bimetallic disc switches from a low temperature to a high temperature position.
  • Such a bimetal switch is known from DE-OS 41 42 716.
  • the resistance element is an unadjusted element that is not accessible for mechanical adjustment.
  • the resistance element e.g. can be influenced by laser radiation with regard to its resistance.
  • This document deals in detail with resistance elements that are independent of the snap disk, it also discloses a snap disk itself designed as a resistance element.
  • This snap disc should be designed as a four-leg spring, as a round punch or as an etched part that has elastic capabilities after corresponding material deformation and e.g. has concentric semicircular webs with connecting material bridges between the individual semicircular webs. By means of several semicircular webs, an exact adjustment of the snap disk as a resistance element should be possible.
  • the snap disk is a current-carrying part in the closed state of the switch and therefore has a low electrical resistance. It consists of a material with high specific conductivity, such as copper beryllium in particular, and is preferably silver-plated.
  • This switch known from DE-OS 21 21 802 is used in this form as a temperature switch.
  • a resistance heating element is attached to the outside of the housing, e.g. in the form of a hybrid resistor. It is disadvantageous that this heating element requires a considerable heating power of up to 14 watts in order to open the switch in a sufficiently short time of at most 20, but preferably less than 14 seconds in the event of an excessive current flow, the high current flow, for example. due to a short circuit of a motor to be protected by the switch.
  • this object is achieved with a switch of the type mentioned at the outset in that the snap disc is made of material with low electrical conductivity, e.g. consists of steel or measurement, and that an increase in the resistance of the snap disk is brought about by material tapering, preferably by slots in the region of the edges of the snap disk.
  • the snap disc is made of material with low electrical conductivity, e.g. consists of steel or measurement, and that an increase in the resistance of the snap disk is brought about by material tapering, preferably by slots in the region of the edges of the snap disk.
  • the object underlying the invention is completely achieved in this way.
  • This mechanical, one-piece solution so to speak, allows the adjustment of the resistance of the snap disk in a surprisingly simple manner, without the mechanical properties thereof being changed appreciably.
  • the material tapers which are preferably provided as slots, can e.g. create by simple punching work that can be carried out quickly and inexpensively.
  • the snap disk is preferably made exclusively from material of low electrical conductivity, such as of steel, in particular of CrNiAl steel, or of brass. Another advantage of this design is that an air path is formed between the top and bottom of the discs, so that air can pass through the openings or slots provided in the switching case.
  • the snap properties of the snap disk are influenced only insignificantly or not at all by these openings or slots.
  • the present object is achieved according to the invention in a bimetal switch of the type mentioned at the outset in that the snap disk comprises a snap part on which a resistance layer with a defined resistance is applied as a resistance element.
  • the resistance layer can consist of a highly conductive material, but can be designed in such a way that the desired, defined, relatively high resistance for the current path is given.
  • the resistance layer will preferably not be formed over the entire surface of the snap part, but rather have a structure, for example in the form of conductor ribs, meander guides or the like.
  • the snap properties and the resistance properties are structurally separated from one another and assigned to different elements which are connected to one another. As a result, both properties can be set reproducibly with high accuracy, which applies in particular to the resistance of the resistance layer.
  • the arrangement of the resistance element on the snap disk ensures in both cases mentioned above that the heat generated in the case of an excessively high current does not first have to penetrate through the housing material from the outside into the interior of the switch to the bimetal disk in order to make it switch.
  • the switch consequently switches at a significantly lower heating power and can also switch faster and more reliably, since the heat source (resistance element) generated in the event of an overcurrent is arranged closer to the heat-sensitive bimetal element.
  • the resistance element has a contact resistance> 50 mOhm, in a further embodiment the contact resistance should be more than 100, in particular in the range of 200 mOhm.
  • the snap part has a very high specific resistance.
  • the advantage here is that the resistance layer can be applied directly to the snap part, since the electrical parallel connection of the snap part and the resistance layer only leads to an insignificant change in the resistance of the resistance layer. This measure is therefore particularly advantageous in terms of the structural simplicity.
  • the snap part is provided with the resistance layer by interposing an insulating layer, the insulating layer isolating the snap part against current flow.
  • the resistance layer is applied to the snap part by anodic arc evaporation.
  • the recently known anodic arc evaporation enables even flexible materials to be coated.
  • an arc discharge is generated between a cathode and an anode consisting of the coating material, the coating material evaporating in the arc and then being deposited on the surface to be coated.
  • the anodic vacuum arc can be used to generate a gas-free and droplet-free plasma, so that a highly pure, uniform layer is deposited.
  • the anodic arc can be used to deposit all possible materials, not only metals from aluminum to tin, but also alloys and high-melting elements such as tungsten or carbon.
  • ceramic layers can be produced by reactive evaporation, for which purpose aluminum, silicon or titanium are deliberately evaporated in an oxygen or nitrogen atmosphere.
  • corresponding resistance elements can be deposited or deposited on a conventional snap disk, which has the mechanical snap properties produced in a conventional manner, the total resistance of which is determined by the geometric shape and the thickness of the layer.
  • the resistance layer generated by anodic arc evaporation binds so firmly to the surface of the snap disk that even with a large number of switching cycles of the snap disk, the firm connection between the resistance layer and snap disk and the resistance value of the resistance layer itself are retained. In other words, even after many switching operations of the new bimetal switch, the resistance layer does not come off Snap disc off. The resistance layer also does not get any cracks or similar mechanical damage, as is known in other coating methods, if the carrier material or substrate is flexible and changes its shape frequently.
  • the switch can in principle be designed in any configuration, for example in one in which the bimetal and snap disk are clamped on one side and the snap disk carries a contact button at its opposite end
  • a preferred embodiment provides that the switch is axially symmetrical and Bimetal disc and snap disc are circular.
  • the snap disk rests with its outer peripheral edge in a low-temperature position in a bottom region of a conductive housing and presses with its inner peripheral edge against the collar of a movable contact button and, via this, the contact button against a stationary mating contact, which is insulated against the lower part of the housing arranged, also conductive cover is formed.
  • the bimetallic disc also surrounds the movable contact button in a ring shape, on the side of the collar of the contact button opposite the snap disk.
  • the switch is designed as a self-holding switch with a resistor of lower electrical conductivity, which is connected in parallel with the switching mechanism formed from the bimetal and snap disk. This included the use of the resistance element provided on the snap disk according to the invention in such a self-holding switch.
  • the bimetal switch 1 has a cup-shaped housing 2 made of electrically conductive material.
  • a snap disk 3 rests with its outer peripheral edge on the inside of the housing peripheral edge and presses with its edge surrounding a central opening against the collar of a contact button 4.
  • the housing 2 is closed by a likewise electrically conductive cover 7, which is electrically insulated from the housing pot 2 by an insulating film 8, such as preferably made of Kapton.
  • an insulating washer 9 such as made of Nomex.
  • a stationary contact 11 is located in the center of the inside of the cover 7. In the closed position of the switch 1 shown, the snap disk 3 presses the contact 4 against the stationary counter contact 11 via the collar 4a. This creates an electrically conductive connection between the housing 2 and the cover 7 via snap disk 3, contact 4 and mating contact 11.
  • the snap disk 3 consists of a material with a relatively high specific resistance or low specific electrical conductivity. While, for example, in conventional temperature switches that respond to external temperatures, the snap disk consists of silver-plated copper beryllium, the snap disk 3 can be made of steel or brass, optionally silver-plated, for the current switch according to the invention, which has a significantly higher specific resistance than copper, namely one in particular can have four to eight times as high specific resistance.
  • a snap disk made of spring steel can be chosen thinner than the known snap disk made of copper beryllium.
  • the bimetallic disc 6 In normal operation, in which an intended, not too high current flows, the bimetallic disc 6 is in the low-temperature position shown. In this position, the spring snap disk 3 presses the contact button 4 against the mating contact 11, so that, as said, the current flow from the lower housing part to the cover is ensured. If a fault occurs in the part to be protected against overcurrent, such as a motor or more precisely its coil winding, for example a short-circuit connection, the current flow through the switch 1 and in particular through the snap disk 3 increases; this heats up due to its relative high resistance, which causes a temperature in the housing that is above the switching temperature of the bimetallic disc 6.
  • overcurrent such as a motor or more precisely its coil winding, for example a short-circuit connection
  • the snap disc 3 is formed in multiple layers.
  • it has a snap part 13 made of a material with a very high specific resistance, on which a precisely defined resistance coating 14 is applied, which can optionally be guided around the outer edge of the snap part 13 for contacting in the outer edge area, as shown at 16.
  • the coating 14 does not have to completely cover the snap part 13, but can, for example, be designed with an inner peripheral edge toward the outside, the edge region 16 again being guided around the entire circumference.
  • the resistance between the outer edge 16 and the inner edge of the snap disk 3, which lies against the collar 4a of the contact 4 (FIG. 1) can be set extremely precisely.
  • a snap part 17 per se from a material with good conductivity or low specific resistance. In this case, it must be ensured that the snap part 17 itself does not establish a continuous electrical connection between the housing 2 and the contact 4 (FIG. 1).
  • an insulating coating 18 can first be applied to the snap part 17 of the snap disk 3, which covers the inside of the snap part 17 at 19 so that no electrical connection between the snap part 17 and the contact 4 is possible here; on the insulating layer 18 there is again a resistance layer 21, which can be guided around the snap part 17 at the outer edge (at 22) in the manner described with reference to FIG. 3, in order to ensure good contact with the bottom of the To effect housing 2.
  • the resistance layers 14, 21 are deposited, for example, by anodic arc evaporation on the snap part 13 or the insulating coating 18.
  • This new coating method leads to a very good mechanical connection between the resistance layer 14, 21 and the snap part 13 or the insulating coating 18, which does not suffer mechanically or electrically even with a large number of switching cycles of the snap disk 3.
  • an existing snap disk 3 of a known bimetal switch which previously had no current dependency, can be provided with a resistance layer by the anodic arc evaporation, so that the bimetal switch now also switches in a current-dependent manner. There are no structural changes to the snap disk 3, so that the mechanical snap properties are retained.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Thermally Actuated Switches (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
  • Oscillators With Electromechanical Resonators (AREA)
  • Input Circuits Of Receivers And Coupling Of Receivers And Audio Equipment (AREA)
EP95105956A 1994-04-23 1995-04-21 Interrupteur dépendant du courant Expired - Lifetime EP0678891B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE9406806U 1994-04-23
DE9406806U DE9406806U1 (de) 1994-04-23 1994-04-23 Bimetallschalter, insbesondere stromabhängiger Schalter

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0678891A1 true EP0678891A1 (fr) 1995-10-25
EP0678891B1 EP0678891B1 (fr) 1999-02-17

Family

ID=6907765

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95105956A Expired - Lifetime EP0678891B1 (fr) 1994-04-23 1995-04-21 Interrupteur dépendant du courant

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0678891B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE176832T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE9406806U1 (fr)
DK (1) DK0678891T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2130462T3 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011016142A1 (de) * 2011-03-25 2012-09-27 Marcel P. HOFSAESS Temperaturabhängiger Schalter mit Stromübertragungsglied
EP2854149A1 (fr) * 2013-08-27 2015-04-01 Thermik Gerätebau GmbH Commutateur thermosensible doté d'un disque à action rapide disposé sur le bord
IT202100018779A1 (it) 2021-07-15 2023-01-15 Miotti S R L Dispositivo limitatore di temperatura
IT202100018770A1 (it) 2021-07-15 2023-01-15 Miotti S R L Dispositivo limitatore di temperatura

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2920103B2 (ja) * 1996-01-29 1999-07-19 ウチヤ・サーモスタット株式会社 サーマルプロテクタ
DE19604939C2 (de) * 1996-02-10 1999-12-09 Marcel Hofsaes Schalter mit einem temperaturabhängigen Schaltwerk
FR2772980B1 (fr) * 1997-12-19 2000-01-21 Schneider Electric Sa Dispositif de declenchement magneto-thermique et disjoncteur equipe de ce dispositif
EP2194555A1 (fr) * 2008-12-04 2010-06-09 Abb Ag Actionneur pour dispositif de commutation d'installation
US9030787B2 (en) 2011-06-28 2015-05-12 Uchiya Thermostat Co., Ltd. Motor protector
DE102013102089B4 (de) * 2013-03-04 2015-02-12 Marcel P. HOFSAESS Temperaturabhängiger Schalter mit Isolierscheibe

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2121802A1 (de) * 1971-05-03 1973-01-25 Thermik Geraetebau Gmbh Temperaturwaechter
GB2049291A (en) * 1979-04-30 1980-12-17 Hofsass P Thermal switches
EP0201002A2 (fr) * 1985-05-04 1986-11-12 INTER CONTROL Hermann Köhler Elektrik GmbH u. Co. KG Elément interrupteur à commande thermique, en particulier thermostat ou limiteur de température
EP0284916A2 (fr) * 1987-03-31 1988-10-05 Ulrika Hofsäss Thermostat avec un boîtier
DE4142716A1 (de) * 1991-12-21 1993-06-24 Microtherm Gmbh Thermoschalter

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2121802A1 (de) * 1971-05-03 1973-01-25 Thermik Geraetebau Gmbh Temperaturwaechter
GB2049291A (en) * 1979-04-30 1980-12-17 Hofsass P Thermal switches
EP0201002A2 (fr) * 1985-05-04 1986-11-12 INTER CONTROL Hermann Köhler Elektrik GmbH u. Co. KG Elément interrupteur à commande thermique, en particulier thermostat ou limiteur de température
EP0284916A2 (fr) * 1987-03-31 1988-10-05 Ulrika Hofsäss Thermostat avec un boîtier
DE3710672A1 (de) * 1987-03-31 1988-10-13 Hofsass P Temperaturwaechter mit einem gehaeuse
DE4142716A1 (de) * 1991-12-21 1993-06-24 Microtherm Gmbh Thermoschalter

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011016142A1 (de) * 2011-03-25 2012-09-27 Marcel P. HOFSAESS Temperaturabhängiger Schalter mit Stromübertragungsglied
EP2854149A1 (fr) * 2013-08-27 2015-04-01 Thermik Gerätebau GmbH Commutateur thermosensible doté d'un disque à action rapide disposé sur le bord
IT202100018779A1 (it) 2021-07-15 2023-01-15 Miotti S R L Dispositivo limitatore di temperatura
IT202100018770A1 (it) 2021-07-15 2023-01-15 Miotti S R L Dispositivo limitatore di temperatura

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE9406806U1 (de) 1995-06-01
ES2130462T3 (es) 1999-07-01
ATE176832T1 (de) 1999-03-15
EP0678891B1 (fr) 1999-02-17
DK0678891T3 (da) 1999-05-10
DE59505108D1 (de) 1999-03-25

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