EP0678658A1 - Valve control to operate at least two poppet valves simultaneously for the exchange of gas in an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Valve control to operate at least two poppet valves simultaneously for the exchange of gas in an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0678658A1
EP0678658A1 EP95105072A EP95105072A EP0678658A1 EP 0678658 A1 EP0678658 A1 EP 0678658A1 EP 95105072 A EP95105072 A EP 95105072A EP 95105072 A EP95105072 A EP 95105072A EP 0678658 A1 EP0678658 A1 EP 0678658A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
lift
camshaft
valves
yoke
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95105072A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0678658B1 (en
Inventor
Dieter Dipl. Ing. Reitz (Th)
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Adam Opel GmbH
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Adam Opel GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
    • F01L1/14—Tappets; Push rods
    • F01L1/143—Tappets; Push rods for use with overhead camshafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/26—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of two or more valves operated simultaneously by same transmitting-gear; peculiar to machines or engines with more than two lift-valves per cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
    • F02F1/4214—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads specially adapted for four or more valves per cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/244—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/247—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads the valve stems being orientated in parallel with the cylinder axis

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a valve train for at least two simultaneously operated lift valves for gas exchange of an internal combustion engine, in which a cam of a camshaft acts in a valve-opening manner on a yoke connected to the valve stems of the lift valves to be operated by valve springs in their closed position, the lift valves with their Valve stems are guided relative to the cylinder head.
  • Such a valve train is described in US Pat. No. 1,639,874.
  • a bucket tappet guided in the cylinder head is provided for each of the valves to be operated together.
  • the tappets are rigidly connected to a yoke at their end facing the camshaft.
  • a cam of the camshaft acts centrally on the yoke on a specially prepared slideway.
  • valve train for the simultaneous actuation of two gas exchange valves by a cam is shown in WO 92/10650.
  • a bar-shaped bridge lies above the valve stem ends, which is guided parallel to the actuation direction of the gas exchange valves by special precautions, namely columns firmly connected to the cylinder head, arranged parallel to the longitudinal axes of the gas exchange valves, and sliding guides provided on the bridge above these columns.
  • the bridge is provided with a roller in the middle between the valves, on which a cam of a camshaft acts.
  • the mechanical efficiency of such a valve train can be considerably improved by arranging the roller between the cam and the bridge.
  • a disadvantage is the large amount of construction work required to guide the bridge parallel to the gas exchange valves. Such an embodiment is limited to the actuation of only two gas exchange valves and z. B. not applicable for three valves to be operated at the same time.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a valve train with which two or more lift valves can be actuated by a cam, the cam acting on the lift valves via a roller and, in comparison with known multi-valve drives with roller tappets, less construction effort with simultaneously less Space is required.
  • this object is achieved in that the center axis of a first stroke valve of a simultaneously and jointly operated stroke valve group in front of the camshaft, seen in the direction of rotation, crosses the camshaft center axis, while the center axes of the further stroke valves of this stroke valve group cross the camshaft center axis behind the camshaft in relation to the direction of rotation thereof.
  • valve stem of the first lift valve carries a guide plate which is guided with its circumference in a bore in the cylinder head and the valve stem end and a part of the valve stem protrude above this guide plate;
  • the protruding part of the valve stem of the first lift valve leads to a receiving bore of a yoke and the yoke extends between the camshaft and the valve stem ends, rests with lateral play over the valve stem ends of the other valves and bears a role acted upon by the cam below the camshaft.
  • the guide plate of the first lift valve is at the same time a contact surface for the closing spring of this lift valve. This eliminates the need for a separate spring plate for the first valve and the parts required for the valve train can be reduced.
  • the other lift valves of the common lift valve group are provided with spring plates known per se, via which the valve stem ends protrude towards the yoke.
  • spring plates known per se
  • the use of spring plates, known per se, on the other lift valves enables the valve train to be constructed economically by using commercially available parts or parts which are already available for other valve train types.
  • a valve train for actuating a common lift valve group which consists of two lift valves 1 and 2, which can be both intake valves and exhaust valves of an internal combustion engine.
  • the first lift valve 1 is guided with its valve stem 3 in a valve guide bush 4, which is pressed into the cylinder head 5.
  • a valve stem seal 6 prevents the unwanted penetration of oil along the valve stem 3.
  • On the valve stem 3 of the valve 1 there are circumferential grooves 7, in which adequate ribs of valve wedges 8 engage.
  • the valve wedges 8 form a cone tapering in the direction of the valve plate 9, over which a conical bore of a guide plate 10 engages.
  • the guide plate 10 is pressed by a valve spring 11, which is supported on the cylinder head 5, on the valve wedges 8, so that an axially and radially rigid connection between the guide plate 10 and the valve stem 3 is created.
  • the guide plate 10 has a cylindrical circumference 12, which is supported radially in a cylindrical bore 13 of the cylinder head 5.
  • a part 14 of the valve stem 3 with the valve stem end 15 protrudes above the guide plate 10.
  • a yoke 16 with a receiving bore 17 with a sliding fit is pushed onto this part 14.
  • the yoke 16 extends below a camshaft 20 with cams 21 to the valve stem end 22 of the lift valve 2 and is also supported thereon with an adjusting device, consisting of an adjusting screw 23 with a lock nut 24 within a bore 25 of the yoke 16.
  • the lift valve 2 is guided in the usual manner with its valve stem 26 in a valve guide bushing 27.
  • a valve stem seal 28 prevents the undesired passage of oil along the valve stem 26.
  • a valve spring retainer 29 is fastened to the upper region of the valve stem 26 in the usual way by means of circumferential grooves 27 on the valve stem 26 and ribs engaging in these on valve wedges 28.
  • a valve spring 30 is supported with one end thereof against this valve spring plate 29, while the other end is supported on the cylinder head 5.
  • a roller 31 is mounted, which abuts the path of the cam 21.
  • the camshaft 20 with the cam 21 rotates such that the cam track on the roller 31 makes a movement away from the receiving bore 17 towards the bore 25.
  • the direction of rotation of the camshaft 20 therefore corresponds to the direction of the arrow 32.
  • the cam 21 actuates the two valves 1 and 2 at the same time by the cam track running on the roller 31 in the direction of the arrow 32.
  • the cam elevation is transferred as Valve stroke via the roller 31 onto the yoke 16 and from there via the adjusting screws 18 and 23 onto the valve stem ends 15 and 22 and thus onto the valves 1 and 2.
  • the valves 1 and 2, which are moved by their valve springs 11 and 30 in Are closed, then open.
  • the yoke 16 is held securely against tilting by the guidance of the receiving bore 17 on the upper part 14 of the valve stem 3.
  • the additional forces acting on the valve stem 3 are transmitted to the wall of the bore 13 in the cylinder head 5 via the guide plate 10 attached to the valve stem 3.
  • the direction of the camshaft 20 indicated by the arrow 32 causes the position of the yoke 16 to stabilize the position of the yoke 16 on the roller 31 of the yoke 16, so that pivoting of the yoke 16 about the receiving bore 17 or about the central axis of the valve 1 during operation of the Internal combustion engine does not occur. Such pivoting is also counteracted by an edge 32 on the bore 25, which extends over the edges of the valve stem end 22 of the valve 2, for receiving the adjusting device for the valve 2.
  • the exemplary embodiment shows a valve train for the simultaneous actuation of two lift valves by a cam.
  • the invention is also suitable, e.g. B. to actuate three globe valves simultaneously by the yoke on a valve stem, the central axis of which runs in front of the camshaft axis, based on the direction of rotation of the camshaft, is guided in the manner illustrated and then extends over the valve stem ends of the other globe valves, the central axes of which are behind the camshaft axis.
  • the invention is also not limited to the use of mechanical adjustment devices for adjusting the valve clearance.
  • valves can also be held in their closed position by valve springs other than those shown in the exemplary embodiment.

Abstract

The valve drive is for at least two simultaneously operated life valves (1, 2). A cam (21) of a camshaft (20) acts on a yoke (16) connected with the valve shafts (3, 26) of the simultaneously operated lift valves held by valve springs (11, 30) in their closed position to open the valves. The lift valve with their shafts are guided relatively to a cylinder head (5). The central axis of a first lift valve (1) of the simultaneously and commonly operated lift valve group crosses in front of the camshaft the camshaft central axis, whilst the central axes of the further lift valves (2) of the group cross the camshaft central axis behind the camshaft. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Ventiltrieb für zumindest zwei gleichzeitig zu betätigende Hubventile für den Gaswechsel einer Brennkraftmaschine, bei welcher ein Nocken einer Nockenwelle auf ein mit den Ventilschäften der gleichzeitig zu betätigenden durch Ventilfedern in ihrer Schließstellung gehaltenen Hubventile verbundenes Joch ventilöffnend einwirkt, wobei die Hubventile mit ihren Ventilschäften gegenüber dem Zylinderkopf geführt sind.The invention relates to a valve train for at least two simultaneously operated lift valves for gas exchange of an internal combustion engine, in which a cam of a camshaft acts in a valve-opening manner on a yoke connected to the valve stems of the lift valves to be operated by valve springs in their closed position, the lift valves with their Valve stems are guided relative to the cylinder head.

Ein derartiger Ventiltrieb ist mit US-Patentschrift 1 639 874 beschrieben. Bei diesem Ventiltrieb ist für jedes der gemeinsam zu betätigenden Ventile ein im Zylinderkopf geführter Tassenstößel vorgesehen. Die Tassenstößel sind an ihrem der Nockenwelle zugewandten Ende mit einem Joch starr verbunden. Zentral auf das Joch wirkt auf eine besonders vorbereitete Gleitbahn ein Nocken der Nockenwelle ein. Insbesondere durch die starre Verbindung der Tassenstößel über das Joch treten infolge der unterschiedlichen Temperaturen am Joch und am Zylinderkopf sowie durch unterschiedliche Materialien für das Joch sowie für den Zylinderkopf beim Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine unterschiedlich große Wärmedehnungen ein, welche zu Verspannungen der Bauteile und zu Schwergängigkeit des Ventiltriebes führen.Such a valve train is described in US Pat. No. 1,639,874. In this valve train, a bucket tappet guided in the cylinder head is provided for each of the valves to be operated together. The tappets are rigidly connected to a yoke at their end facing the camshaft. A cam of the camshaft acts centrally on the yoke on a specially prepared slideway. Particularly due to the rigid connection of the bucket tappets via the yoke, due to the different temperatures on the yoke and on the cylinder head as well as different materials for the yoke and for the cylinder head, different thermal expansions occur during operation of the internal combustion engine, which lead to tensioning of the components and the sluggishness of the valve train to lead.

Mit DE-OS 42 26 760 ist ein Ventiltrieb beschrieben, bei welchem gleichfalls für jedes zu betätigende Ventil ein Tassenstößel vorgesehen ist und auf den mit zu der Nockenwelle weisenden ebenen Böden der Tassenstößel ein Querbalken lose aufliegt, lediglich durch Formschluß gegen Verschieben gegenüber den Tassenstößeln gesichert ist und im übrigen vom Nocken der Nockenwelle in seiner Funktionslage gehalten ist. Bei einem solchen Ventiltrieb können Verspannungen infolge von unterschiedlichen Wärmedehnungen nicht auftreten. Darüber hinaus kann in vorteilhafter Weise bei einer solchen Ausführung auf handelsübliche Tassenstößel zurückgegriffen werden, welche auch mit einer hydraulischen Ventilspielausgleichseinrichtung versehen sein können. Ein solcher Ventiltrieb hat jedoch infolge der Gleitreibung zwischen Nockenbahn und Querbalken Reibungsverluste, welche dem Wirkungsgrad der Brennkraftmaschine abträglich sind.With DE-OS 42 26 760 a valve train is described in which is also provided for each valve tappet to be actuated and a crossbar is loosely resting on the flat bottoms of the tappets facing the camshaft, is only secured against displacement with respect to the tappets by positive locking and is otherwise held in its functional position by the camshaft cam . With such a valve train, tension cannot occur as a result of different thermal expansions. In addition, commercially available bucket tappets, which can also be provided with a hydraulic valve lash adjuster, can advantageously be used in such an embodiment. However, due to the sliding friction between the cam track and the crossbar, such a valve train has friction losses which are detrimental to the efficiency of the internal combustion engine.

Ein weiterer Ventiltrieb zur gleichzeitigen Betätigung zweier Gaswechselventile durch einen Nocken ist mit WO 92/10650 dargestellt. Bei diesem Ventiltrieb liegt über den Ventilschaftenden eine balkenförmige Brücke, die durch besondere Vorkehrungen, nämlich parallel zu den Längsachsen der Gaswechselventile angeordneten mit dem Zylinderkopf fest verbundenen Säulen und über diesen Säulen gleitenden an der Brücke vorgesehenen Gleitführungen, parallel zur Betätigungsrichtung der Gaswechselventile geführt ist. Die Brücke ist mittig zwischen den Ventilen mit einer Rolle versehen, auf welche ein Nocken einer Nockenwelle einwirkt. Durch die Anordnung der Rolle zwischen Nocken und Brücke kann der mechanische Wirkungsgrad eines solchen Ventiltriebes erheblich verbessert werden. Von Nachteil ist jedoch der große Bauaufwand zur parallelen Führung der Brücke gegenüber den Gaswechselventilen. Auch ist eine solche Ausführung auf die Betätigung von nur zwei Gaswechselventilen beschränkt und z. B. für gleichzeitig drei zu betätigende Ventile nicht ohne weiteres anwendbar.Another valve train for the simultaneous actuation of two gas exchange valves by a cam is shown in WO 92/10650. In this valve train, a bar-shaped bridge lies above the valve stem ends, which is guided parallel to the actuation direction of the gas exchange valves by special precautions, namely columns firmly connected to the cylinder head, arranged parallel to the longitudinal axes of the gas exchange valves, and sliding guides provided on the bridge above these columns. The bridge is provided with a roller in the middle between the valves, on which a cam of a camshaft acts. The mechanical efficiency of such a valve train can be considerably improved by arranging the roller between the cam and the bridge. A disadvantage, however, is the large amount of construction work required to guide the bridge parallel to the gas exchange valves. Such an embodiment is limited to the actuation of only two gas exchange valves and z. B. not applicable for three valves to be operated at the same time.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Ventiltrieb zu schaffen, mit welchem von einem Nocken aus zwei oder mehr Hubventile betätigt werden können, wobei der Nocken über eine Rolle auf die Hubventile einwirkt und bei dem gegenüber bekannten Mehrventilantrieben mit Rollenstößeln ein geringerer Bauaufwand mit gleichzeitig geringem Raumbedarf erforderlich ist.The invention has for its object to provide a valve train with which two or more lift valves can be actuated by a cam, the cam acting on the lift valves via a roller and, in comparison with known multi-valve drives with roller tappets, less construction effort with simultaneously less Space is required.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß die Mittenachse eines ersten Hubventiles einer gleichzeitig und gemeinsam betätigten Hubventilgruppe vor der Nockenwelle, in Drehrichtung gesehen, die Nockenwellenmittelachse kreuzt, während die Mittenachsen der weiteren Hubventile dieser Hubventilgruppe die Nockenwellenmittenachse hinter der Nockenwelle, bezogen auf deren Drehrichtung, kreuzen; der Ventilschaft des ersten Hubventils einen Führungsteller trägt, welcher mit seinem Umfang in einer Bohrung des Zylinderkopfes geführt ist und das Ventilschaftende sowie ein Teil des Ventilschaftes über diesen Führungsteller herausragt; der herausragende Teil des Ventilschaftes des ersten Hubventils eine Aufnahmebohrung eines Jochs führt und das Joch sich zwischen Nockenwelle und den Ventilschaftenden erstreckt, über den Ventilschaftenden der weiteren Ventile mit seitlichem Spiel aufliegt und unterhalb der Nockenwelle eine vom Nocken beaufschlagte Rolle trägt.According to the invention, this object is achieved in that the center axis of a first stroke valve of a simultaneously and jointly operated stroke valve group in front of the camshaft, seen in the direction of rotation, crosses the camshaft center axis, while the center axes of the further stroke valves of this stroke valve group cross the camshaft center axis behind the camshaft in relation to the direction of rotation thereof. cross; the valve stem of the first lift valve carries a guide plate which is guided with its circumference in a bore in the cylinder head and the valve stem end and a part of the valve stem protrude above this guide plate; the protruding part of the valve stem of the first lift valve leads to a receiving bore of a yoke and the yoke extends between the camshaft and the valve stem ends, rests with lateral play over the valve stem ends of the other valves and bears a role acted upon by the cam below the camshaft.

In einer vorzugsweisen Ausführungsform ist der Führungsteller des ersten Hubventils gleichzeitig Anlagefläche für die Schließfeder dieses Hubventils. Damit wird ein gesonderter Federteller für das erste Ventil entbehrlich und der Teileaufwand für den Ventiltrieb kann so reduziert werden.In a preferred embodiment, the guide plate of the first lift valve is at the same time a contact surface for the closing spring of this lift valve. This eliminates the need for a separate spring plate for the first valve and the parts required for the valve train can be reduced.

Die weiteren Hubventile der gemeinsamen Hubventilgruppe sind mit an sich bekannten Federtellern versehen, über welche die Ventilschaftenden in Richtung zum Joch hinausragen. Die Verwendung an sich bekannter Federteller an den weiteren Hubventilen ermöglicht eine wirtschaftliche Bauweise des Ventiltriebes, indem auf handelsübliche bzw. für andere Ventiltriebbauarten bereits vorhandene Teile zurückgegriffen werden kann.The other lift valves of the common lift valve group are provided with spring plates known per se, via which the valve stem ends protrude towards the yoke. The use of spring plates, known per se, on the other lift valves enables the valve train to be constructed economically by using commercially available parts or parts which are already available for other valve train types.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist nachstehend anhand einer Zeichnung näher beschrieben. Es zeigen

Fig. 1:
einen Schnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Ventiltrieb;
Fig. 2:
eine Ansicht aus Richtung A in Figur 1.
An embodiment of the invention is described below with reference to a drawing. Show it
Fig. 1:
a section through a valve train according to the invention;
Fig. 2:
a view from direction A in Figure 1.

Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel handelt es sich um einen Ventiltrieb zur Betätigung einer gemeinsamen Hubventilgruppe, welche aus zwei Hubventilen 1 und 2 besteht, welche sowohl Einlaßventile als auch Auslaßventile einer Brennkraftmaschine sein können. Das erste Hubventil 1 ist mit seinem Ventilschaft 3 in einer Ventilführungsbüchse 4 geführt, welche im Zylinderkopf 5 eingepreßt ist. Eine Ventilschaftabdichtung 6 verhindert das ungewollte Durchdringen von Öl entlang dem Ventilschaft 3. Am Ventilschaft 3 des Ventils 1 befinden sich umlaufende Nuten 7, in welche adäquate Rippen von Ventilkeilen 8 eingreifen. Die Ventilkeile 8 bilden einen sich in Richtung des Ventiltellers 9 verjüngenden Kegel, über den eine kegelige Bohrung eines Führungstellers 10 greift. Der Führungsteller 10 wird von einer Ventilfeder 11, die sich andererseits auf dem Zylinderkopf 5 abstützt, auf die Ventilkeile 8 gedrückt, so, daß eine axial und radial starre Verbindung zwischen dem Führungsteller 10 und dem Ventilschaft 3 geschaffen ist. Der Führungsteller 10 hat einen zylindrischen Umfang 12, welcher sich in einer zylindrischen Bohrung 13 des Zylinderkopfes 5 gleitend radial abstützt. Ein Teil 14 des Ventilschaftes 3 mit dem Ventilschaftende 15 ragt über den Führungsteller 10 heraus. Auf diesem Teil 14 ist ein Joch 16 mit einer Aufnahmebohrung 17 mit Gleitsitz aufgeschoben. Eine im oberen Ende der Aufnahmebohrung 17 befindliche Verstelleinrichtung, die hier beispielhaft als Verstellschraube 18 mit Kontermutter 19 ausgebildet ist, stützt sich auf dem Ventilschaftende 15 ab. Das Joch 16 erstreckt sich unterhalb einer Nockenwelle 20 mit Nocken 21 zu dem Ventilschaftende 22 des Hubventils 2 und stützt sich auf diesem ebenfalls mit einer Verstelleinrichtung, bestehend aus einer Verstellschraube 23 mit Kontermutter 24 innerhalb einer Bohrung 25 des Joches 16, ab.In the embodiment, it is a valve train for actuating a common lift valve group, which consists of two lift valves 1 and 2, which can be both intake valves and exhaust valves of an internal combustion engine. The first lift valve 1 is guided with its valve stem 3 in a valve guide bush 4, which is pressed into the cylinder head 5. A valve stem seal 6 prevents the unwanted penetration of oil along the valve stem 3. On the valve stem 3 of the valve 1 there are circumferential grooves 7, in which adequate ribs of valve wedges 8 engage. The valve wedges 8 form a cone tapering in the direction of the valve plate 9, over which a conical bore of a guide plate 10 engages. The guide plate 10 is pressed by a valve spring 11, which is supported on the cylinder head 5, on the valve wedges 8, so that an axially and radially rigid connection between the guide plate 10 and the valve stem 3 is created. The guide plate 10 has a cylindrical circumference 12, which is supported radially in a cylindrical bore 13 of the cylinder head 5. A part 14 of the valve stem 3 with the valve stem end 15 protrudes above the guide plate 10. A yoke 16 with a receiving bore 17 with a sliding fit is pushed onto this part 14. An adjusting device located in the upper end of the receiving bore 17, which is designed here, for example, as an adjusting screw 18 with a lock nut 19, is supported on the valve stem end 15. The yoke 16 extends below a camshaft 20 with cams 21 to the valve stem end 22 of the lift valve 2 and is also supported thereon with an adjusting device, consisting of an adjusting screw 23 with a lock nut 24 within a bore 25 of the yoke 16.

Das Hubventil 2 ist in üblicher Weise mit seinem Ventilschaft 26 in einer Ventilführungsbüchse 27 geführt. Eine Ventilschaftabdichtung 28 verhindert das ungewollte Passieren von Öl entlang dem Ventilschaft 26. Am oberen Bereich des Ventilschaftes 26 ist in üblicher Weise mittels umlaufender Nuten 27 am Ventilschaft 26 und in diese eingreifenden Rippen an Ventilkeilen 28 ein Ventilfederteller 29 befestigt. Gegen diesen Ventilfederteller 29 stützt sich eine Ventilfeder 30 mit einem ihrer Enden ab, während sich das andere Ende am Zylinderkopf 5 abstützt.The lift valve 2 is guided in the usual manner with its valve stem 26 in a valve guide bushing 27. A valve stem seal 28 prevents the undesired passage of oil along the valve stem 26. A valve spring retainer 29 is fastened to the upper region of the valve stem 26 in the usual way by means of circumferential grooves 27 on the valve stem 26 and ribs engaging in these on valve wedges 28. A valve spring 30 is supported with one end thereof against this valve spring plate 29, while the other end is supported on the cylinder head 5.

In dem Joch 16 ist zwischen der Aufnahmebohrung 17 und der Bohrung 25, also zwischen den Mittenachsen der beiden Hubventile 1 und 2, eine Rolle 31 gelagert, die an der Bahn des Nockens 21 anliegt. Die Nockenwelle 20 mit dem Nocken 21 dreht sich so, daß die Nockenbahn an der Rolle 31 eine Bewegung von der Aufnahmebohrung 17 weg zu der Bohrung 25 hin macht. Die Drehrichtung der Nockenwelle 20 entspricht demnach der Richtung des Pfeiles 32.In the yoke 16, between the receiving bore 17 and the bore 25, that is, between the center axes of the two lift valves 1 and 2, a roller 31 is mounted, which abuts the path of the cam 21. The camshaft 20 with the cam 21 rotates such that the cam track on the roller 31 makes a movement away from the receiving bore 17 towards the bore 25. The direction of rotation of the camshaft 20 therefore corresponds to the direction of the arrow 32.

Während des Betriebs der Brennkraftmaschine betätigt der Nocken 21 gleichzeitig die beiden Ventile 1 und 2, indem die Nockenbahn auf der Rolle 31 in Richtung des Pfeiles 32 abläuft. Dabei überträgt sich die Nockenerhebung als Ventilhub über die Rolle 31 auf das Joch 16 und von diesem über die Verstellschrauben 18 bzw. 23 auf die Ventilschaftenden 15 bzw. 22 und damit auf die Ventile 1 bzw. 2. Die Ventile 1 und 2, die von ihren Ventilfedern 11 und 30 in Schließstellung gehalten sind, öffnen dann. Dabei wird das Joch 16 durch die Führung der Aufnahmebohrung 17 auf dem oberen Teil 14 des Ventilschaftes 3 sicher gegenüber Kippen gehalten. Die damit auf den Ventilschaft 3 zusätzlich wirkenden Kräfte werden über den am Ventilschaft 3 befestigten Führungsteller 10 auf die Wandung der Bohrung 13 im Zylinderkopf 5 übertragen. Die mit dem Pfeil 32 gekennzeichnete Laufrichtung der Nockenwelle 20 verursacht an der Rolle 31 des Joches 16 eine die Lage des Joches 16 stabilisierende Kraft, so daß ein Verschwenken des Joches 16 um die Aufnahmebohrung 17 bzw. um die Mittenachse des Ventiles 1 während des Betriebs der Brennkraftmaschine nicht auftritt. Einem solchen Verschwenken wirkt auch ein über die Kanten des Ventilschaftendes 22 des Ventiles 2 greifender Rand 32 an der Bohrung 25 zur Aufnahme der Verstelleinrichtung für das Ventil 2 entgegen.During operation of the internal combustion engine, the cam 21 actuates the two valves 1 and 2 at the same time by the cam track running on the roller 31 in the direction of the arrow 32. The cam elevation is transferred as Valve stroke via the roller 31 onto the yoke 16 and from there via the adjusting screws 18 and 23 onto the valve stem ends 15 and 22 and thus onto the valves 1 and 2. The valves 1 and 2, which are moved by their valve springs 11 and 30 in Are closed, then open. The yoke 16 is held securely against tilting by the guidance of the receiving bore 17 on the upper part 14 of the valve stem 3. The additional forces acting on the valve stem 3 are transmitted to the wall of the bore 13 in the cylinder head 5 via the guide plate 10 attached to the valve stem 3. The direction of the camshaft 20 indicated by the arrow 32 causes the position of the yoke 16 to stabilize the position of the yoke 16 on the roller 31 of the yoke 16, so that pivoting of the yoke 16 about the receiving bore 17 or about the central axis of the valve 1 during operation of the Internal combustion engine does not occur. Such pivoting is also counteracted by an edge 32 on the bore 25, which extends over the edges of the valve stem end 22 of the valve 2, for receiving the adjusting device for the valve 2.

Das Ausführungsbeispiel zeigt einen Ventiltrieb für die gleichzeitige Betätigung von zwei Hubventilen durch einen Nocken. Die Erfindung ist jedoch ebenso geeignet, z. B. drei Hubventile gleichzeitig zu betätigen, indem das Joch an einem Ventilschaft, dessen Mittelachse vor der Nockenwellenachse, bezogen auf die Drehrichtung der Nockenwelle, verläuft, in der dargestellten Weise geführt ist und sich dann über die Ventilschaftenden der übrigen Hubventile erstreckt, deren Mittelachsen hinter der Nockenwellenachse verlaufen.The exemplary embodiment shows a valve train for the simultaneous actuation of two lift valves by a cam. However, the invention is also suitable, e.g. B. to actuate three globe valves simultaneously by the yoke on a valve stem, the central axis of which runs in front of the camshaft axis, based on the direction of rotation of the camshaft, is guided in the manner illustrated and then extends over the valve stem ends of the other globe valves, the central axes of which are behind the camshaft axis.

Ebenso ist die Erfindung nicht beschränkt auf die Nutzung von mechanischen Verstelleinrichtungen zum Einstellen des Ventilspiels. Es eignen sich z. B. ebenso geschlossene hydraulische Ventilspielausgleichselemente, die dann in den entsprechenden Bohrungen des Jochs aufgenommen sind.The invention is also not limited to the use of mechanical adjustment devices for adjusting the valve clearance. There are z. B. also closed hydraulic valve clearance compensation elements, which then in the corresponding bores of the yoke.

Die Ventile können auch durch andere als die im Ausführungsbeispiel gezeigten Ventilfedern in ihrer Schließstellung gehalten sein.The valves can also be held in their closed position by valve springs other than those shown in the exemplary embodiment.

Die besonderen Vorteile der Erfindung sind darin zu sehen, daß mit geringem Bauaufwand von einem Nocken aus zwei oder mehrere Hubventile einer gleichzeitig öffnenden Ventilgruppe betätigt werden können, der Raumbedarf im Zylinderkopf dafür nur gering ist und ein guter mechanischer Wirkungsgrad eintritt.The particular advantages of the invention can be seen in the fact that two cams can be used to actuate two or more globe valves of a valve group that opens at the same time, the space requirement in the cylinder head is only small, and the mechanical efficiency is good.

Claims (3)

Ventiltrieb für zumindest zwei gleichzeitig zu betätigende Hubventile (1, 2) für den Gaswechsel einer Brennkraftmaschine, bei welcher ein Nocken (21) einer Nockenwelle (20) auf ein mit den Ventilschäften (3, 26) der gleichzeitig zu betätigenden durch Ventilfedern (11, 30) in ihrer Schließstellung gehaltenen Hubventile (1, 2) verbundenes Joch (16) ventilöffnend einwirkt, wobei die Hubventile (1, 2) mit ihren Ventilschäften (3, 26) gegenüber einem Zylinderkopf (5) geführt sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß - die Mittenachse eines ersten Hubventils (1) der gleichzeitig und gemeinsam betätigten Hubventilgruppe vor der Nockenwelle (20), bezogen auf deren Drehrichtung, die Nockenwellenmittenachse kreuzt, während die Mittenachsen der weiteren Hubventile (2) diese Hubventilgruppe die Nockenwellenmittenachse hinter der Nockenwelle (20), bezogen auf deren Drehrichtung, kreuzen, - der Ventilschaft (3) des ersten Hubventils (1) einen Führungsteller (10) trägt, welcher mit seinem Umfang (12) in einer Bohrung (13) des Zylinderkopfes (5) geführt ist und das Ventilschaftende (15) sowie ein Teil (14) des Ventilschaftes (3) über den Führungsteller (10) hinausragt, - der herausragende Teil (14) des Ventilschaftes (3) des ersten Hubventiles (1) eine Aufnahmebohrung (17) des Joches (16) führt und das Joch (16) sich zwischen Nockenwelle (20) und den ventilschaftenden (15, 22) erstreckt, über den Ventilschaftenden (22) der weiteren Ventile (2) mit seitlichem Spiel aufliegt und unterhalb der Nockenwelle (20) eine vom Nocken (21) beaufschlagte Rolle (31) trägt. Valve train for at least two lift valves (1, 2) to be operated simultaneously for gas exchange in an internal combustion engine, in which a cam (21) of a camshaft (20) is mounted on the valve stems (3, 26) of the valves to be operated simultaneously by valve springs (11, 30) in their closed position, the lift valves (1, 2) connected yoke (16) acts to open the valve, the lift valves (1, 2) with their valve stems (3, 26) being guided relative to a cylinder head (5), characterized in that - The center axis of a first lift valve (1) of the simultaneously and jointly operated lift valve group in front of the camshaft (20), based on its direction of rotation, crosses the camshaft center axis, while the center axes of the other lift valves (2) this lift valve group the camshaft center axis behind the camshaft (20) , related to their direction of rotation, - The valve stem (3) of the first lift valve (1) carries a guide plate (10) which is guided with its circumference (12) in a bore (13) of the cylinder head (5) and the valve stem end (15) and a part (14 ) of the valve stem (3) protrudes beyond the guide plate (10), - The protruding part (14) of the valve stem (3) of the first lift valve (1) leads a receiving bore (17) of the yoke (16) and the yoke (16) extends between the camshaft (20) and the valve stem ends (15, 22) , rests with lateral play over the valve stem ends (22) of the further valves (2) and carries a roller (31) acted upon by the cam (21) below the camshaft (20). Ventiltrieb nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Führungsteller (10) des ersten Hubventils (1) gleichzeitig Anlagefläche für die Ventilfeder (11) dieses Hubventils (1) ist.Valve drive according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide plate (10) of the first lift valve (1) is at the same time contact surface for the valve spring (11) of this lift valve (1). Ventiltrieb nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das bzw. die weiteren Hubventile (2) mit an sich bekannten Federtellern (29) versehen sind.Valve drive according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the one or more lift valves (2) are provided with spring plates (29) known per se.
EP95105072A 1994-04-19 1995-04-05 Valve control to operate at least two poppet valves simultaneously for the exchange of gas in an internal combustion engine Expired - Lifetime EP0678658B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4413508A DE4413508A1 (en) 1994-04-19 1994-04-19 Valve train for at least two simultaneously operated lift valves for gas exchange in an internal combustion engine
DE4413508 1994-04-19

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EP0678658A1 true EP0678658A1 (en) 1995-10-25
EP0678658B1 EP0678658B1 (en) 1997-06-11

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB132070A (en) * 1917-09-29 1919-09-11 Alessandro Anzani Improvements relating to the Valves of Internal Combustion Engines.
US1639874A (en) * 1927-08-23 of detroit
EP0380218A1 (en) * 1989-01-23 1990-08-01 BERGERON, Charles, W. Multiple intake poppet valve array for a single port
FR2657669A1 (en) * 1990-01-30 1991-08-02 Peugeot Device for simultaneously actuating at least two neighbouring valves

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1639874A (en) * 1927-08-23 of detroit
GB132070A (en) * 1917-09-29 1919-09-11 Alessandro Anzani Improvements relating to the Valves of Internal Combustion Engines.
EP0380218A1 (en) * 1989-01-23 1990-08-01 BERGERON, Charles, W. Multiple intake poppet valve array for a single port
FR2657669A1 (en) * 1990-01-30 1991-08-02 Peugeot Device for simultaneously actuating at least two neighbouring valves

Also Published As

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EP0678658B1 (en) 1997-06-11
DE59500303D1 (en) 1997-07-17
DE4413508A1 (en) 1995-10-26
ATE154413T1 (en) 1997-06-15

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