EP0674546B1 - Einrichtung zur sink-schwimmscheidung von festen partikeln - Google Patents

Einrichtung zur sink-schwimmscheidung von festen partikeln Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0674546B1
EP0674546B1 EP94901707A EP94901707A EP0674546B1 EP 0674546 B1 EP0674546 B1 EP 0674546B1 EP 94901707 A EP94901707 A EP 94901707A EP 94901707 A EP94901707 A EP 94901707A EP 0674546 B1 EP0674546 B1 EP 0674546B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
barrel
particles
fraction
medium
solid particles
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EP94901707A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0674546A1 (de
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Paul Olivier
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority claimed from US07/993,857 external-priority patent/US5373946A/en
Priority claimed from US08/088,538 external-priority patent/US5495949A/en
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Publication of EP0674546A1 publication Critical patent/EP0674546A1/de
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B11/00—Feed or discharge devices integral with washing or wet-separating equipment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
    • B03B5/28—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation
    • B03B5/30—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation using heavy liquids or suspensions
    • B03B5/36—Devices therefor, other than using centrifugal force
    • B03B5/42—Devices therefor, other than using centrifugal force of drum or lifting wheel type

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a system for separating solid particles in two fractions by means of a medium, the specific gravity of said medium situating in between the specific gravity of the particles of the first fraction and the specific gravity of the particles of the second fraction.
  • the preferred system comprises :
  • the invention relates to a process for media separation.
  • Heavy media separation generally involves the immersion of a raw product in a fairly quiescent fluid having a density intermediate between the densities of the two fractions to be separated. Even though heavy media vessels come in many sizes shapes and capacities, the basic principle of separation remains the same upon immersions into the separatory fluid, the less dense fraction floats whereas the more dense fractions sinks. Barrels, cones, cylinders and rectangular bath have all served as heavy media separatory vessels. However, the most common vessel shape within heavy media separation is that of a horizontal scrolled barrel.
  • US 4,234,415 discloses an apparatus for separating mixed solids of different specific gravities by means of a liquid medium.
  • the apparatus comprises a barrel in the form of a cone and which is not scrolled where the separation takes place.
  • Solid particles are removed from said barrel by means of a cone provided with scrolls linked together, said cone acting in no way as system for separating solids.
  • medium flows substantially only through the opening having the minimum cross-section of the cone wherein the separation takes place, whereby the velocity of medium increases from the inlet of medium and solids to be separated towards said opening.
  • Such an increase of velocity means that heavy solid particles are able to flow together with the float through said opening.
  • EP-A-0029704 discloses a system for separating solid particles in two fractions by means of a medium, the specific gravity of said medium situating in between the specific gravity of the particles of the first fraction or float and the specific gravity of the particles of the second fraction or sink fraction, the system comprising :
  • Scrolled barrels may be generally classified as mono- or bi-directional.
  • Mono-directional barrels are constructed in such a manner that both the floats and the sinks move in the same direction and exit on the same end of the barrel.
  • Bi-directional barrels have floats and sinks moving in opposite directions relative to one another and consequently the floats and sinks each exit at opposite ends of the barrel.
  • bi-directionality has its distinct advantages and embodiments of the present invention relates to bi-directional barrels.
  • Heavy media separation generally involves the immersion of a raw product in a fairly quiescent fluid having a density intermediate between the densities of the two fractions to be separated. Upon immersion into the separation fluid the less dense floats whereas the more dense fraction sinks.
  • This invention relates to heavy media scrolled barrels, and more specifically to heavy media bi-directional scrolled barrels. It assures that particles which float on the surface of a heavy media bi-directional barrel do indeed report to the float side of this barrel and in no way have the possibility of reporting incorrectly to the opposite sink side of said barrel.
  • the system according to the present invention is a system for separating solid particles in two fractions by means of a medium, the specific gravity of said medium situating inbetween the specific gravity of a first fraction, namely the float fraction, and the specific gravity of the second fraction, namely the sink fraction, Said system comprises :
  • the means for evacuating the sink fraction is comprised of a second scrolled barrel attached to and communicating with said first barrel, said second barrel having at its end adjacent to said first barrel an inner diameter greater than the inner diameter of that end of the first barrel adjacent to said second barrel.
  • the lateral edges for example, enclose a section of the outer edge of the first barrel, such enclosure preventing float particles in the first barrel from crossing into the second barrel, or have an end which is adjacent to a part of a surface adjacent to the junction of the first barrel with the second barrel or have an end adjacent to a part of the surface of the flange linking the first barrel to the second barrel.
  • the means for preventing float particles from crossing into the part of said second barrel located between said means and the opening for evacuating the sink fraction consists of a curtain having an upper edge, a lower edge and two lateral edges, the upper edge being at a level higher than the point of discharge of the first barrel, the lower edge extending down into the medium but never so far as to block the passage of the sink fraction from the first barrel into the second barrel, and the two lateral edges each being inserted relative to a flanged surface which lies outside the working area of the scrolls of the first barrel yet inside the working area of the scrolls of the second barrel and which surface lies between the upper and lower edges of said curtain.
  • each end of the lateral edges of the curtain is advantageously adjacent to a part of the surface of the flange linking the first barrel to the second barrel.
  • the lateral edge of said curtain bears an elastomeric material which is directed towards the flanged surface linking the first barrel to the second barrel.
  • the curtain is advantageously held in place by the means for feeding solid particles and/or medium into the first barrel and is provided with means for supplying medium into the first barrel, such as pipes for injecting medium into the first barrel and for directing said medium towards the end of the first barrel opposite to the end adjacent to the second barrel.
  • the first barrel is cylindrical
  • the second comprises a part with an inner space, the shape of which is a truncated cone extending between two ends, the diameter of the end adjacent to the first barrel being greater than the diameter at the other end.
  • the central axis of said first and second barrels which is preferably the rotational axis, forms an angle less than ten degrees with the horizontal.
  • the first barrel at its end opposite to the end adjacent to the second barrel is provided with a further third barrel having an inner space which bears the shape of a truncated cone extending between two ends, the diameter of the end adjacent to the first barrel being greater than the diameter at the other end. Said other end acts as a discharge for evacuating the float fraction and a part of the medium.
  • the second barrel is provided with an element linking at least a part of its scrolls in such a way that it prevents the liquid from flowing freely through the linked part of its scrolls.
  • the element covers at least a part of its scrolls. In this way, the liquid in the bath is not disturbed.
  • both the first and second barrels have elements which maintain the level of the liquid in the bath, these elements being either in the form of a cone or a doughnut, with or without an opening for removing medium or floating particles from the bath.
  • the second scrolled barrel has two basic forms.
  • the first form allows for the eventual evacuation of the sinking solid particles by continuing their movement in the same direction as in the first scrolled barrel.
  • the second form allows for the eventual evacuation of said solid particles by reversing their movement relative to the direction of their movement in the first scrolled barrel.
  • the inner diameter of this second barrel is advantageously greater than the inner diameter of the first barrel. This gives the second barrel an even greater capacity for removing sinking solid particles. As the sinking solid particles exit the first barrel, they fall downward into the second barrel where they are eventually evacuated from the bath. This downward movement implies far less wear, abrasion and energy relative to other evacuation devices which all lift the sinking solid particles out of the bath.
  • this second barrel is advantageously greater than the inner diameter of the first barrel, it is possible to insert curtains which serve, for example, in the event of separation, to prevent any floating solid particles from crossing over and reporting with the sinking solid particles.
  • two curtains extend down into the medium and prevent floating solid particles from mixing with the sinking solid particles.
  • the two curtains close off the surface gap between the first scrolled barrel and that element which links or covers the scroll of the second barrel.
  • the two curtains close off the surface gap between the first scrolled barrel and the level-maintaining doughnut of the second barrel. In both cases, by closing off this gap, floating solid particles are effectively prevented from mixing with the sinking solid particles.
  • that portion of the curtain actually making contact consists of an elastomeric material.
  • Another system according to the invention for treating either solid particles in a liquid bath or a liquid by means of solid particles is comprised of a single scrolled barrel which is comprised further of two parts : a first part wherein the treatment takes place, and a second part provided with a means for preventing the freeflow of liquid from out the bottom of the bath, while at the same time allowing for the free passage of solid particles through the bottom of the bath, and a means for rotating the barrel.
  • the barrel is also provided with means for assuring a substantially uniform liquid level in the bath.
  • an element covers or links at least part or parts of the scrolls or scroll of the barrel in such a way that it prevents the liquid from flowing freely through the linked or covered scrolls or scroll.
  • the barrel is rotated along its longitudinal axis, the barrel being provided with an inner annular protrusion (having advantageously such a height that the free end of said protrusion directed towards said longitudinal axis is located at a distance from said longitudinal axis which is at most equal to the distance separating the free ends of the parts of the scrolls adjacent to the said inner annular protrusion), the said inner annular protrusion separating the barrel into the two said parts.
  • the gap formed between the element and the protrusion is partly closed by two curtains, said curtains extending down in the bath for preventing floating particles from crossing and reporting with the solid particles passing through the gap.
  • Still another system according to the invention which is particularly suitable for treatment such as scrubbing is comprised of a single barrel which is comprised of three parts : namely, a central part wherein the treatment takes place, and two end parts provided with means for preventing the freeflow of liquid from out of the bottom of the bath and at the same time allowing for the free passage of solid particles through the bottom of the bath, and means for rotating the barrel.
  • This barrel is further provided with means for assuring a substantially uniform liquid level in the bath.
  • a first end part acts as means for feeding solid particles, possibly together with medium or liquid, into the central part, while the other end part acts as means for evacuating solid particles, together with some medium or liquid, from the central part.
  • the barrel is provided with two elements, a first element linking parts of scrolls or scroll of its first end part in such a way that it prevents liquid from flowing freely through the linked parts of scrolls or scroll of said first end part, while the second element links parts of scrolls or scroll of its second end part in such a way that it prevents liquid from flowing freely through the linked parts of scrolls or scroll of said second end part.
  • the barrel is rotated along its longitudinal axis and is provided with an annular protrusion having such a height that the free end of said protrusion directed towards said longitudinal axis is located at a distance from said longitudinal axis which is at most equal to the distance separating the free ends of the parts of the scrolls adjacent to the said inner annular protrusion, the said inner annular protrusion separating the central part from the second end part.
  • the barrel is provided with an element linking parts of its scrolls in its second end part in such a way that it prevents liquid from flowing freely through the linked parts of scrolls of said second end part, and in such a way that a gap is formed between the said element and the protrusion, said system being provided with two curtains closing partly said gap, said curtains extending down in the bath for preventing floating particles from crossing and reporting with the solid particles passing through the gap.
  • the invention relates as well to a process for separating solid particles in two fractions by means of a medium, the specific gravity of said medium situating inbetween the specific gravity of a first fraction, namely the float fraction and the specific gravity of the second fraction, namely the sink fraction.
  • the solid particles to be separated as well as medium are fed into a scrolled barrel or a first part of a barrel wherein said particles are separated into a float fraction and a sink fraction.
  • a curtain is preferably positioned at or near the junction of the two barrels or parts that is, between that end of the first barrel or nearest to the second barrel or part and that end of the second barrel nearest to the first barrel or part.
  • Said curtain serves to prevent the passage of the float fraction into that part of the second barrel or second part located between said curtain and the end opposite to the end to which the float fraction stream.
  • the float fraction as well medium are evacuated at the end of the first barrel opposite to the end adjacent to the second barrel or part, while, as a result of the rotation of the second barrel, the sink fraction is evacuated at the end of the second barrel or part opposite to the end to which the float fraction stream.
  • a higher pressure of the medium is created on that side of the curtain nearest the means for removing the sink fraction.
  • At least one parameter selected from among the group consisting of the speed of rotation of the barrels, the density of the medium, the viscosity of the medium, the feed rate of medium into the first or second barrels or parts, the feed rate of solids into the first barrel or part, etc is controlled so as to obtain a sink fraction containing less than 0.01 % by weight of particles having a specific gravity lower than the specific gravity of the medium and at the same time to obtain a float fraction containing less than 0.01 % by weight of particles having a specific gravity higher than the specific gravity of the medium.
  • Figure 1 shows a system for separating solid particles in two fractions by means of a medium, the specific gravity of which being comprised between the specific gravity of a first fraction - the floating fraction and the specific gravity of the second fraction - the sinking fraction.
  • the system of figure 1 comprises :
  • the opening 10 of the discharge 8 has a lower edge 101 located at a level l lower than the level L of the lower edge 71 of the opening 7 for the removal of the sink fraction.
  • the means 9 rotates clockwise R1 the barrel 1 so as to ensure the movement of the sink fraction towards the means 6 for removing the sink fraction (arrow S).
  • the barrel 1 is supported by 10 pneumatic wheels 13,14 , five wheels 13 being located on the left side of the barrel 1, while the five other wheels 14 being located on the right of barrel 1.
  • Said wheels 13,14 are mounted on shafts 15,16, the axis B-B, C-C of which are parallel to the central axis A-A of the barrel 1. Said shafts are held in place by ball bearings 17 located at the free end of the uprights 18. Shaft 16 is driven by a motor 19, such as an electrical motor or a diesel motor via pulley 20 connecting sheave 21 secured on shaft 16 with sheave 22 secured on shaft 23 of the motor 19. Due to the rotation of the shaft 23 of the motor 19, wheels 13 are driven so that due to the friction of said wheels 13 on barrel 1, the latter is turned along its longitudinal axis A-A.
  • the means 5 for feeding the mixture of medium and solid particles to be separated consists of an injector 24 held in position by structure 25.
  • This injector 24 is inclined so that particles present in said injector 24 move in the direction of barrel 1.
  • the free end 26 of said injector 24 is within the inner separatory space of the barrel 1.
  • the injector 24 supports a curtain 27 consisting of a central plate 28 provided at each of its lateral edges 29 with a section 30 directed towards that end of barrel 31 connecting to barrel 1.
  • barrel 31 is scrolled.
  • Said barrel 31 attaches to and communicates with barrel 1, thereby acting as means 6 for evacuating the sink fraction.
  • Said second barrel 31 comprises a first cylindrical part 32 attached by means of a flange 33 to the cylindrical barrel 1 and a second part 34 with an inner space having the shape of a truncated cone.
  • Said cone stretches between two ends 7,341.
  • the diameter D of the cross-section of the cone 34 at its end 341 adjacent to the first barrel 1 is greater than the diameter d of the cross-section of said cone 34 at its other end 7.
  • Said diameter D corresponds to the diameter of the inner cross-section of the cylindrical part 32 which is greater than the diameter E of the inner cross-section of barrel 1.
  • Said diameter D is advantageously greater than l.l x E, and is preferably comprised between 1.15 x E and 1.25 x E.
  • the central axis of the second barrel 31 corresponds to the central axis of the first barrel 1 and is the rotation axis of said barrels.
  • the sections 30 of the curtain 27 are provided at their lateral free ends with a layer 35 of an elastomeric material. Said layers 35 are in very close proximity to a part of the flange 33 which creates the junction between the first barrel 1 and the second barrel 31.
  • the upper edge 36 of curtain 27 is at a level X higher than the level l of the point of discharge 10 of the float fraction and the medium, while the lower edge 37 of curtain 29 is at a level Y permitting the passage of said sink fraction from barrel 1 to the opening 7 for the evacuation of the sink fraction.
  • Said curtain 27 acts therefore as a means to prevent float particles from crossing into the part of said second barrel located between said means and the opening for removing the sink fraction.
  • the curtain 27 features pipes 38 for supplying medium in the neighbourhood of the curtain 27 and on the side adjacent to the first barrel 1.
  • medium is advantageously fed through pipe 129 into that part of barrel 6 located between the opening 7 and the curtain 27. In this way a flow of medium underneath the curtain from its sink side to its float side can be created.
  • the first scrolled barrel 1 is provided at its end 3 opposite to the end 2 adjacent to the second scrolled barrel 31 with a third barrel 39 which does not have any scrolls.
  • Said third barrel 39 has an inner space having the shape of a truncated cone.
  • Said third cone 39 is attached to and communicates with the first barrel 1.
  • Said barrel 39 extends between two ends, the diameter F of the cross-section of the cone at its end adjacent to the first barrel 1 being greater than the diameter G of the cross-section of the cone at its other end.
  • Said barrel 39 has a central axis which corresponds to the central axis A-A of the barrel 1.
  • Openings 7 and 10 constitute respectively the discharge for the sink fraction and the discharge for the float fraction.
  • the central axis A-A of the barrels forms advantageously an angle from 1 to 10°, for example 5° with the horizontal.
  • blocks 50 are placed under the support 55 of the system. the inclination is such that the level P of the axis at the end of the barrel 1 adjacent to the barrel 39 is lower than the level Q of the axis at the end of the barrel 1 adjacent to the barrel 31.
  • Two pneumatic wheels 51 roll against the outer surface of the flange 33. Said wheels are mounted on shafts 52 supported by ball bearings secured at the end of uprights 54. The axis T of said shaft 52 extends in a radial direction with respect to the central axis A-A of the barrels.
  • the system according to the invention is ideally suited for separating particles with a size from 3 mm up to 300 mm or even more. These particles cover a broad range of materials such as non-ferrous metals, plastic, diamonds, vegetables, etc.
  • the specific gravity of the medium may be as low as 1.0 and as high as 3.5.
  • the actual medium is usually water-based with very fine colloidal particles in suspension. Suspension-creating materials such as clay, sand, magnetite and ferrosilicon are typically used.
  • a mixture of medium and solid particles are conveyed into the barrel 1 by means of an injector 24.
  • the particles are separated in said barrel 1 into a float fraction and a sink fraction.
  • the barrels are rotated so that due to the rotative screwing effect of the scrolls, the sink fraction is moved towards the opening 7 of barrel 31. More specifically, the sink fraction falls from barrel 1 into barrel 31 and from there it exits through opening 7.
  • the evacuation of the sink fraction does not influence the medium in barrel 1.
  • the curtain 27 blocks float particles from crossing over into barrel 31 and eventually from joining the sinks exiting through opening 7.
  • Advantageously medium is injected in the neighbourhood of the curtain 27 in the direction of opening 10 so as to prevent float particles from congregating near the curtain 27.
  • the curtain 27 assures that no float particles will report with the sink particles being evacuated through opening 7.
  • the curtain 27 assures that the percentage of floats in sinks will not be greater than the percentage of sinks in floats, and that, under normal operating conditions, it becomes feasible to obtain a sink fraction containing less than 0.01 % by weight of particles having a specific gravity lower than the specific gravity of the medium and at the same time to obtain a float fraction containing less than 0.01 % by weight of particles having a specific gravity higher than the specific gravity of the medium.
  • a prototype of the system according to the invention was built. With respect to this prototype as represented in Figure 1, the characteristics of barrel 1 were as follows diameter E approximately 2.4 meters, diameter D approximately 3.0 meters, diameter d approximately 1.25 meters, diameter G approximately 1.1 meters.
  • the length of barrel 1 was approximately 4.0 meters, while the length of barrel 6 was approximately 2.0 meters and the length of barrel 8 was approximately 1.0 meters.
  • the angle ⁇ was approximately 3 degrees.
  • the pitch of the scrolls was 1.5 meters and the number of the scrolls was five.
  • the speed of rotation of the barrels was varied from 6 to 12 rpm.
  • Fifty tons per hour of non-ferrous metal particles were fed to the barrels of which approximately 50 % were floats and 50 % were sinks.
  • the medium consisted of water and atomized ferrosilicon.
  • the specific gravity of separation was approximately 2.20. Samples of both floats and sinks were collected over a two-week period and after analysis they were found to be without any trace of misplaced material.
  • FIGS. 6A and 6B are shematic views of plant using an embodiment of a system according to the invention.
  • Said plant comprises :
  • the float particles on screen 103 travel first over the dewatering section 107a and then over the rinse section 107b, and finally they exit screen 103 at that end opposite chute 102 (cf arrow fp), whereas the sink particles on screen 113 travel first over the dewatering section 114a and then over the rinse section 114b, and finally they exist screen 113 at that end opposite chute 112 (cf arrow fs).
  • Part of the medium collected in tank 110 is injected through pipe 131 into barrel 1 by means of the injector 5.
  • a second part of said medium is injected through pipes 38 on the float side of the curtain 27 to prevent the accumulation of floats near the curtain.
  • Finally a third part of said medium is injected through pipe 129 on the sink side of the curtain 27 so as to create a flow of medium underneath the curtain from its sink side to its float side.
  • a regulation system such as a valve 132 is mounted on pipe 129 so as to regulate the flow of medium underneath the curtain 27 from its sink side to its float side. This assures that only sink particles pass underneath the curtain to its sink side.
  • the medium collected in tank 115 is pumped by means of the secondary medium pump 133 through pipe 134 into the second barrel 6 so as to restore to said barrel the medium being screwed out together with the sink particles.
  • the apparatus 101 comprises a series of trays such as descending, cascading, vibratory trays 117,118,119. As the particles drop from one tray to the next, they are subjected to a current of air so as to deflect the lighter particles of dust, textile and foam, as in the case of a non-ferrous metal application, for example, from the heavier particles which are then to report for further separation to the system according to the invention 99.
  • the current of air is produced by means of an injection system comprised for example of special air nozzles 120 which in turn are fed by a ventilator.
  • each tray has its own air nozzle and each air nozzle has an opening whose length corresponds to the width of the tray.
  • the collection bin 125 is situated in a sealed housing 150 which communicated through an opening 151 to the tray system 101 and which communicates as well as through an opening 152 to the ventilator which feeds the air nozzles.
  • an air filtration unit is incorporated into the circuit.
  • inventions of Figures 7 to 10 described hereafter are particularly suitable for heavy media separation, but are also suitable for other uses, such scrubbing, treatment of liquids as waste water with solid such as lime, dolomite, calcium carbonate.
  • Figure 7 shows a system for separating solid particles in two fractions by means of a medium, the specific gravity of which being comprised between the specific gravity of the first fraction -the floating fraction, and the specific gravity of the second fraction - the sinking fraction.
  • the system comprises :
  • the opening 210 of the discharge 208 has a lower edge 301 located at a level LL lower than the level LLL of the lower edge 271 of the opening 272 through which the mixture is fed into the barrel 201.
  • the means 209 rotates clockwise R1 the barrel 201 so as to ensure the movement of the sink fraction towards the means for remowing the sink fraction (arrow S).
  • the barrel 201 is supported by pneumatic tyres 213. Seven tyres 213 are located on the left side of the barrel 201 while seven other tyres 214 being located on the right side of barrel 201.
  • Said tyres 213 are mounted on shaft 215, the axis B-B of which are parallel to the central axis A-A of the barrel 201. Said shafts are held in place by ball bearings 217 located at the free end of uprights 218.
  • One shaft is driven by a motor (not shown) such as an electrical motor or a diesel motor, via pulley connecting a sheave secured on shaft with a sheave secured on the shaft of the motor. Due to the rotation of the shaft of the motor, tyres 213 are driven so that due to the friction of said tyres 213 on barrel 201, the latter is turned along its longitudinal axis A-A.
  • the means 205 for feeding the mixture of medium and solid particles to be separated consists of an injector 224 held in position by a structure 225.
  • This injector 224 is inclined so that particles present in said injector 224 move in the direction of barrel 201, said injector 224 is within the inner separatory space of the barrel 201.
  • barrel 231 is scrolled. Said barrel 231 attaches to and communicates with barrel 201, thereby acting as means 206 for evacuating the sink fraction.
  • the central axis of the second barrel 231 corresponds to the central axis of the first barrel 201 and is the rotation axis of said barrels.
  • the barrel 231 is attached to barrel 201 by means of scrolls 232,233 of barrel 231.
  • Barrel 201 i.e. its outer surface, acts as element for linking scrolls of barrel 231 so as to define a passage 234 wherein scrolls stretch so as to prevent the freeflow of medium through said passage and the opening 207.
  • the second barrel 231 is provided with an end wall or doughtnut 236 showing the opening 272 through which the solid particles to be treated are fed through the injector 224, said end wall or doughnut 236 acting as means for preventing any flow of medium out of the barrel 231 in a direction opposite to barrel 201.
  • barrel 1 is provided with scrolls having a right-handed pitch
  • barrel 231 is provided with scrolls having left-handed pitch (i.e. barrels 201 and 231 have scrolls with opposite handed pitch).
  • the evacuation of sinking particles is thus obtained by reversing their movement relative to their movement in the first barrel.
  • the central axis A-A is horizontal so that for evacuating the sink fraction out of the system, it is not necessary to raise upwardly the said sink fraction.
  • Barrel 231 has an inner diameter which is greater than the outer diameter of the barrel 201 so that the sinking particles escaping barrel 201 fall into barrel 231, whereby the sinking particles do not disturb the treatment of solid particles into barrel 201.
  • the system of Figure 7 When the system of Figure 7 is used for separating sinking solid particles from floating particles, the system is advantageously provided with curtains 239 extending down in the bath for preventing floating particles F from crossing and reporting with the solid particles passing through the bottom of the bath BA into the barrel 231, i.e. all the floating particles F are evacuated through the opening 210.
  • the curtains are attached to arm 240 attached to the injector 224.
  • the curtains are comprised of an arc section of a cylinder, one end edge 391 contacts the doughnut 226 while the other end of which contacts the element or first barrel 201.
  • Figure 9 is a view of a system similar to that shown in Figure 7, except that barrel 231 is attached to barrel 201 by means of a flange 237 and forms an extension of barrel 201.
  • An inner cylinder 238 covers the free end of scrolls of the second barrel 231 so as to define a passage 234 wherein scrolls stretch, said passage acting as means for evacuating sinking solid particles.
  • the end of the cylinder 238 opposite to the end adjacent to barrel 201 is provided with a doughnut 236 having an opening 272 through which the solid particles are fed in barrel 201 together with medium by means of the injector.
  • Said doughnut acts as means for preventing medium to flow freely out of the barrel 231 through the opening 272, as the level LLL of the lower edge 271 of the opening 272 is located upwardly with respect to the lower edge 301 of the opening 210.
  • Said doughnut and the cone 208 act as means for assuring a substantially uniform level of the bath, i.e. for assuring a maximum level of the bath BA.
  • the sinking particles are evacuated through opening 207 by continuing their movement S2 in the passage 234 in the same direction S as in the first scrolled barrel.
  • said inner surface is advantageously provided with scrolls 381 having a pitch opposite to the pitch of the first barrel 201, so that, when the barrels 201, 231 rotate, the sinking particles deposited on barrel 201 move (S) towards the gap G formed between the cylinder 238 and the barrel 201, while the sinking particles deposited on the inner surface of the cylinder 238 also move (S1 opposite to S) towards said gap G, i.e. so that the sinking particles fall into the barrel 231.
  • the solid particles falling in the barrel 231 are then moved towards the opening 207 through the scrolls of said barrel 231.
  • the parts of the scrolls 311 of the barrel 231 located in the gap G have advantageously such a height h that a curtain 239 is able to stretch from the outer surface of the cylinder 238 towards the first barrel, preferably to the flange 237.
  • inventions of Figures 7 and 9 overcome the difficulties surrounding the evacuation of solids from a liquid bath. It allows large quantities of solid particles to be evacuated simply and efficiently with a small initial capital cost, requiring little energy or power, and incurring little wear or abrasion. In fact, in its such embodiments, it even allows solid particles to be removed from a liquid bath without having to lift the particles out of the bath and at the same time without disturbing the dynamics of the bath in any significant way.
  • the present invention in these embodiments, in evacuating solid particles from a liquid bath, does not require any upward movement of the solid particles relative to the bath, and it does not require that the solid particles be lifted to some point above the bath.
  • two curtains 239 (arc section of a cylinder, the inner diameter of which is equal to or greater than the inner diameter of barrel 201 and than the inner diameter of cylinder 238) are secured to the injector 224 by means of arms 240. Said curtains contact the flange 237 and the cylinder 238 and extend down in the bath BA for preventing floating particles from crossing and reporting with the sinking solid particles.
  • the edges of the curtains making contact consist of an elastomeric material.
  • Figure 13 is a view of another embodiment of a system according to the invention.
  • the system comprises a scrolled barrel 201 comprising three parts, a central part 1000 wherein the treatment takes place, a first end part 1001 for feeding solid particles into the central part and a second end part 1002 for evacuating solid particles through the bottom of the bath of the central part 1000.
  • Scrolls of the first end part 1001 are linked by a cylinder 1003 so as to define a passage 341.
  • the cylinder 1003 is provided with a doughnut 1004 so as to prevent any flow of medium from out the inner space 351 of cylinder 1003 in a direction opposite to the central part 1000.
  • Scrolls of the second end part 1002 are linked by a cylinder 1005 so as to define in said end part a passage 342. Scrolls stretching in the passage prevent the freeflow of medium through said passage 342.
  • the cylinder 1005 is provided with a doughnut 1006 having an opening 210 through which medium and float fraction are possibly discharged.
  • the cylinders 1003 and 1005 are provided with scrolls 1007 so as to ensure that any sinking particles deposited thereon will move towards the central part 1000 so as to be treated again or so as to be evacuated through passage 342.
  • Barrel 1 is provided with a scrolled extension 1008 with a wall 1009 in which the solid particles to be treated and possibly medium for the treatment are fed by means of the injector 224.
  • Cylinder 1005 is also provided with an extension 1010 in order to avoid that medium and floating particles F flowing through the opening 210 are mixed again with the medium and sinking particles S flowing through the opening 207.
  • the means for driving into rotation barrel 201 are for example similar to that disclosed for the system of Figure 1.
  • the system of Figure 13 is thus particularly suitable for separating sinking solid particles from floating particles.
  • the barrel is provided with an inner annular protrusion 1011 which forms a separation between the central part 1000 and the second end part (evacuation) 1002, a gap G being so created between said annular protrusion 1011 and the cylinder 1005.
  • the height h1 of the protrusion 1011 is advantageously lower to the height h2 of the passage 342 and therefore to the height h2 of the scrolls of the second end part 1002.
  • the scrolls of the central part 1000 have a height equal to the height of the scroll in the second end part, except that said height decreases in the neighbourhood of the annular protrusion 1011.
  • the inner surface of cylinder 1005 is, in the neighbourhood of the annular protrusion 1011, not provided with scroll so as to form a contact surface for curtains 239 for preventing floating particles from crossing and reporting with the sinking solid particles.
  • the system is provided with two curtains attached to an arm 1012 of a structure, said arm 1012 stretching through the opening 210 through which floating particles are removed.
  • the curtains 239 close partly the gap G formed between the annular protrusion 1011 and the cylinder 1005 and extend down into the bath BA.
  • the curtains 239 (in the form of an arc section of a cone) have two opposite edges 391, 392, a first contacting the surface 1013 of the protrusion directed towards the longitudinal axis A-A of the barrel while the other contacts the inner surface 1014 of the cylinder 1005, contacts the inner surface 1014 of the cylinder 1005, which is not provided with scrolls.
  • Figure 15 is a view of a further embodiment according to the invention.
  • the system comprises :
  • Scrolls of barrel 206 are linked together by means of a cylinder 1005 which is provided with a doughnut 1009 with a central opening 1020 through which injector 224 passes so as to feed barrel 201 with particles to be treated.
  • Said cylinder 1005 and doughnut 1009 prevent the freeflow of medium and sinks out of the system.
  • Barrel 201 is provided with an inner annular protrusion 1012 having a part 1021 reducing progressively the inner cross-section or/and diameter of barrel 201 and provided with the scrolls 1022 intended to raise sinks with respect to the bottom of barrel 201.
  • Such an inner protrusion due to the raise of sinks and due to the reduction of cross-section of barrel 201 (reduction of the velocity of medium towards barrel 206) acts already as means for preventing as much as possible floats to report with sinks.
  • the system is further provided with a curtain 27 having an upper edge at a level higher than the level of the bath, a lower edge at a level allowing the passage of sinks and lateral edges contacting a surface of barrel 201 but preferably a part 1023 of the protrusion 1012, part 1023 which is free of scrolls.
  • part 1023 increases progressively the cross-section or diameter of the barrel 206 with respect to the minimum cross-section or diameter due to the protrusion 1012, so that sinks passing over the upper edge 1024 of the protrusion slip or glide on said part 1023 towards barrel 206.
  • Part 1023 forms thus a slope which is contacted by the lateral edges of the curtain 27, the form of which is a section of a circle.
  • the maximum height h1 of the protrusion 1012 with respect to barrel 201 is advantageously equal to, preferably greater than, the height h2 of the scrolls of the barrel 206.
  • Figure 18 shows an embodiment similar to that shown in Figure 12. Said embodiment is advantageously provided with a curtain 27 such as shown in the embodiment of figure 13.
  • cylinder 1003 is closed by two doughnuts 1004a, 1004b, whereby there is no treatment bath BA in the inner space of said cylinder, whereby there is also no need to provide said cylinder with any scrolls.
  • Cylinder 1005 is provided with a doughnut 1006 with an opening 210 located in the inner space of barrel 201. Said doughnut 1006 is advantageously attached to the end of the cylinder 1005 directed towards to injector 224 or cylinder 1003, whereby there is no need to provide cylinder 1005 with scrolls. However, in specific embodiment cylinder 1005 may be provided with scrolls so as to facilitate the evacuation of medium and floats (F) through opening 210 into cylinder 1005.
  • F medium and floats
  • An advantage to use doughnut 1006 and 1004b located in the barrel 201 is to limit the weight of treatment bath in the barrel 201 and therefore to limit the power required for the rotation thereof.
  • curtain 27 When using a curtain 27, said curtain 27 will, for example, extend between the doughnut 1006 and an annular protrusion such as disclosed in Figure 13 or in Figure 15.

Landscapes

  • Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)
  • Aeration Devices For Treatment Of Activated Polluted Sludge (AREA)
  • Devices For Medical Bathing And Washing (AREA)
  • Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
  • Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)

Claims (25)

  1. System zum Trennen fester Partikel in zwei Fraktionen mittels eines Mediums, dessen spezifisches Gewicht zwischen dem spezifischen Gewicht der Partikel der ersten Fraktion oder des Schwimmanteils und dem spezifischen Gewicht der Partikel der zweiten Fraktion oder des Sinkanteils liegt, wobei dieses System folgendes umfaßt:
    (a) eine längliche Schneckentrommel (1, 201), die ein flüssiges Bad enthält, in dem die Trennung stattfindet,
    (b) eine zur Schneckentrommel (1, 201) gehörige Einrichtung (9, 209) für deren rotierenden Antrieb entlang ihrer Längsachse;
    (c) eine Einrichtung (5, 224) zum Zuführen oder Einspritzen der zu trennenden festen Partikel und des diese Trennung bewirkenden Mediums in die Trommel;
    (d) eine Einrichtung (6, 206) zum Entfernen des Sinkanteils;
    (e) eine Einrichtung (8, 208) zum Entfernen des Schwimmanteils;
    (f) eine Einrichtung zum Sicherstellen eines im wesentlichen gleichbleibenden Flüssigkeitspegels im Bad; und
    (g) eine Einrichtung, die verhindert, daß Schwimmpartikel in die Einrichtung zum Entfernen des Sinkanteils wechseln und sich mit dem Sinkanteil verbinden, wobei diese Einrichtung aus mindestens einem Vorhang (27, 239) mit einer Oberkante (36), einer Unterkante (37) und Seitenkanten besteht, die Oberkante auf einem höheren Niveau liegt als der Flüssigkeitspegel im Bad und die Unterkante auf einem solchen Niveau liegt, daß sie den Durchgang von Sinkpartikeln unterhalb der Unterkante in die Einrichtung zum Entfernen der Sinkpartikel gestattet,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß seitliche Ränder (29) des Vorhangs so angeordnet sind, daß sie den Durchgang zwischen der Trommel und der Einrichtung zum Entfernen des Sinkanteils im Bereich des Flüssigkeitspegels im Bad verschließen, und die Einrichtung zum Entfernen des Sinkanteils (6) eine zweite an der Trommel (1), in der die Trennung stattfindet, befestigte und mit dieser in Verbindung stehende Schneckentrommel (31, 6) oder ein Schneckenteil (1000) der Trommel (201), in der die Trennung stattfindet, ist.
  2. System nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einrichtung zum Evakuieren des Sinkanteils aus einer zweiten Schneckentrommel (6, 206) besteht, die an einem offenen Ende (2) an der Trommel (1, 201), in der die Trennung stattfindet, d.h. an der ersten Trommel, befestigt ist und mit dieser in Verbindung steht, wobei die zweite Trommel am Ende (241) neben dem offenen Ende (2) der ersten Trommel (1, 201), in der die Trennung stattfindet, einen Innendurchmesser (D) hat, der größer ist als oder gleich groß ist wie der Innendurchmesser (E) des der zweiten Trommel benachbarten offenen Endes (2) der ersten Trommel, in der die Trennung stattfindet.
  3. System nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die erste Trommel (1, 201), in der die Trennung stattfindet, eine Endöffnung hat, die teilweise durch den Vorhang (27) umschlossen ist, um Schwimmpartikel in der ersten Trommel am Wechsel in die zweite Trommel (31) zu hindern.
  4. System nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die seitlichen Ränder (29) des Vorhangs (27) ein Ende (35) haben, das sich neben einer Verbindung (33) zwischen der ersten Trommel (1, 201) und der zweiten Trommel (31) befindet.
  5. System nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jedes Ende (35) der seitlichen Ränder (29) des Vorhangs (27) sich neben dem Flansch (33) befindet, der die erste Trommel (1, 201) mit der zweiten Trommel (31) verbindet.
  6. System nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Vorhang (27) aus einer mittleren Platte (28) besteht, die an jedem seitlichen Rand (29) mit einem zur ersten Trommel (1, 201) gerichteten Abschnitt (30) versehen ist, wobei das freie Ende des Abschnitts (30) neben der ersten Trommel (1, 201) eine Schicht (35) aus einem Elastomermaterial trägt.
  7. System nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Vorhang (27) durch die Einrichtung (5, 224) zum Zuführen der festen Partikel in die erste Trommel (1, 201) gehalten ist.
  8. System nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es mindestens ein Rohr (38, 129) zum Zuführen eines Mediums in eine Trommel (1, 201, 31) umfaßt, die aus einer die erste Trommel (1, 201) und die zweite Trommel (31) bestehenden Gruppe gewählt wird.
  9. System nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es eine Einrichtung (129) umfaßt, die eine Strömung des Mediums unter dem Vorhang (27) von der Sinkseite (1) zur Schwimmseite (31) sicherstellt.
  10. System nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es eine Einrichtung (129) zum Erzeugen eines höheren Drucks des Mediums an derjenigen Seite des Vorhangs (27), die dem Entleerungspunkt des Sinkanteils (7) am nächsten liegt, umfaßt.
  11. System nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die erste Trommel (1) zylindrisch ist, während die zweite (31) einen Teil (34) mit einem Innenraum umfaßt, der die Form eines sich zwischen zwei Enden (7, 341) erstreckenden Kegelstumpfes hat, wobei der Durchmesser (D) am Ende (341) neben der ersten Trommel (1) größer ist als der Durchmesser (d) am anderen Ende (7), und bei dem die Mittelachsen (A-A) der ersten (1) und zweiten (31) Trommel einen Winkel unter 10° mit der Horizontalen bilden.
  12. System nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die erste Trommel (1) an ihrem Ende (3) gegenüber dem Ende (2) neben der zweiten Trommel (31) mit einer dritten Trommel (39) mit einem Innenraum versehen ist, der die Form eines sich zwischen zwei Enden erstreckenden Kegelstumpfes hat, wobei der Durchmesser (F) des Endes neben der ersten Trommel (1) größer ist als der Durchmesser (G) am anderen Ende (10) und das andere Ende als Auslaß zum Evakuieren des Schwimmanteils und eines Teils des Mediums dient.
  13. System nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zweite Trommel (231) mit einem Element (201) versehen ist, das zumindest einen Teil ihrer Schnecken (232, 233) auf eine solche Weise miteinander verbindet, daß die Flüssigkeit daran gehindert wird, frei durch den verbundenen Teil der Schnecken (232, 233) zu fließen.
  14. System nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zweite Trommel (231) mit einem Element (201) versehen ist, das zumindest einen Teil ihrer Schnecken (232, 233) auf eine solche Weise abdeckt, daß die Flüssigkeit daran gehindert wird, frei durch den abgedeckten Teil der Schnecken (232, 233) zu fließen.
  15. System nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zweite Trommel (231) einen Innendurchmesser hat, der größer ist als der Innendurchmesser der ersten Trommel (201), und bei dem die zweite Trommel (231) an der ersten Trommel (201) befestigt und bezüglich der ersten Trommel (201) gedreht wird, so daß die Bewegungsrichtung der festen Partikel in der zweiten Trommel (231) bezüglich der Bewegungsrichtung (S) der sinkenden festen Partikel in der ersten Trommel (201) umgekehrt ist, bei dem ein Spalt zwischen der ersten (201) und zweiten Trommel (231) ausgeformt ist, durch den feste Partikel von der ersten in die zweite Trommel wandern, bei dem die erste und zweite Trommel mit einer Einrichtung zum Konstanthalten des Pegels (208, 236) ausgerüstet sind, wobei das System mit zwei Vorhängen (239) ausgeführt ist, die den Spalt teilweise schließen und sich nach unten in das Bad erstrecken, um die Schwimmpartikel im Bad daran zu hindern, überzuwechseln und sich mit den durch den Spalt in die zweite Trommel (231) wandernden festen Partikeln zu verbinden.
  16. System nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zweite Trommel (231) an der ersten Trommel (201) befestigt und bezüglich der ersten Trommel (201) in der Weise gedreht wird, daß die Evakuierung der festen Partikel durch die zweite Trommel erfolgt, indem ihre Bewegung (S) in derselben Richtung wie in der ersten Trommel (201) fortsetzen, bei dem die zweite Trommel (231) mit einem Element (238) versehen ist, das zumindest einen Teil ihrer Schnecken auf eine solche Weise miteinander verbindet, daß die Flüssigkeit daran gehindert wird, frei durch den verbundenen Teil der Schnecken zu fließen, wobei das System mit zwei Vorhängen (239) ausgeführt ist, die den Spalt teilweise schließen und sich nach unten in das Bad erstrecken, um Schwimmpartikel im Bad daran zu hindern, überzuwechseln und sich mit den durch den Spalt in die zweite Trommel (231) wandernden festen Partikeln zu verbinden.
  17. System nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es eine Schneckentrommel (201) umfaßt, die aus zwei Teilen besteht, einem ersten Teil (1000) zur Aufnahme eines flüssigen Bades, in dem die Trennung stattfindet, und einem zweiten Teil (1002) mit einer Einrichtung zum Verhindern des freien Fließens der Flüssigkeit aus dem Boden des Bades, während sie gleichzeitig den freien Durchgang fester Partikel durch das Bad gestattet, wobei die Trommel (201) mit einem inneren Ringwulst (1011, 1012) versehen ist, der die Trommel (201) in diese beiden Teile (1000, 1002) teilt.
  18. System nach Anspruch 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Trommel (201) mit einem Element (1005) versehen ist, das Teile ihrer Schnecken in ihrem zweiten Teil (1002) auf eine solche Weise verbindendet, daß die Flüssigkeit daran gehindert wird, frei durch den verbundenen Teil der Schnecken zu fließen, und ein Spalt (G) zwischen dem Element und der Schnecke gebildet wird.
  19. System nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es folgendes umfaßt:
    (a) eine Schneckentrommel (201), die aus drei Teilen besteht: einem mittleren Teil (1000) zur Aufnahme des Bades, in dem die Behandlung stattfindet, einem ersten Endteil (1001) zum Zuführen fester Partikel in den mittleren Teil (1000), der mit einer Einrichtung (1003) versehen ist, um das freie Fließen der Flüssigkeit aus dem Bad zu verhindern, während sie gleichzeitig den freien Durchgang fester Partikel in den mittleren Teil (1000) zum Evakuieren der festen Partikel aus dem mittleren Teil (1000) gestattet, einem zweiten Endteil (1002) zum Evakuieren der festen Partikel aus dem mittleren Teil (1000), der mit einer Einrichtung (1005) versehen ist, um das freie Fließen der Flüssigkeit aus dem Boden des Bades zu verhindern, während sie gleichzeitig den freien Durchgang fester Partikel aus dem mittleren Teil durch den Boden des Bades gestattet; und
    (b) eine Einrichtung (1004, 1006) zum Sicherstellen eines im wesentlichen gleichbleibenden Flüssigkeitspegels im Bad.
  20. System nach Anspruch 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Trommel (201) mit zwei Elementen (1003, 1005) versehen ist, wobei ein erstes Element (1003) Teile der Schnecken des ersten Endteils (1001) auf eine solche Weise miteinander verbindet, daß die Flüssigkeit daran gehindert wird, frei durch den verbundenen Teil der Schnecken des ersten Endteils (1001) zu fließen, während das zweite Element (1005) Teile der Schnecken des zweiten Endteils (1002) auf eine solche Weise miteinander verbindet, daß die Flüssigkeit daran gehindert wird, frei durch den verbundenen Teil der Schnecken des zweiten Endteils (1002) zu fließen.
  21. System nach Anspruch 19, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Trommel (201) mit einem inneren Ringwulst (1011) versehen ist, der eine solche Höhe (h1) hat, daß das freie Ende des Wulstes (1011), das zur Längsachse (A-A) der Trommel (201) weist, einen Abstand zur Längsachse (A-A) der Trommel (201) aufweist, der höchstens gleich ist dem Abstand, der die freien Enden der Schnecken der Trommel (201) trennt, die sich neben dem inneren Ringwulst (1011) befinden, wobei der innere Ringwulst (1011) den mittleren Teil (1000) vom zweiten Endteil (1002) trennt, und die Trommel (201) mit einem Element (1005) versehen ist, das Teile ihres zweiten Endteils (1002) in der Weise verbindet, daß die Flüssigkeit daran gehindert wird, frei durch die verbundenen Teile der Schnecken des zweiten Endteils (1002) zu fließen, und in der Weise, daß ein Spalt (G) zwischen dem Element und dem Wulst (1011) gebildet wird, wobei das System mit zwei Vorhängen (239) ausgeführt ist, die den Spalt (G) teilweise schließen und sich nach unten in das Bad erstrecken, um die Schwimmpartikel im Bad daran zu hindern, überzuwechseln und sich mit den durch den Spalt (G) wandernden festen Partikeln zu verbinden.
  22. System nach Anspruch 19 zum Trennen fester Sinkpartikel von Schwimmpartikeln, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Trommel (201) entlang ihrer Längsachse (A-A) gedreht wird, bei dem die Trommel (201) mit einem inneren Ringwulst versehen ist, der eine solche Höhe hat, daß das freie Ende des Wulstes (1011), das zur Längsachse (A-A) weist, einen Abstand zur Längsachse (A-A) hat, der höchstens gleich ist dem Abstand, der die freien Enden der Schneckenteile neben dem inneren Ringwulst (1011, 1012) trennt, wobei der innere Ringwulst (1011) den mittleren Teil (1000) vom zweiten Endteil (1002) trennt, und die Trommel (201) mit einem Element (1005) versehen ist, das Teile der Schnecken ihres zweiten Endteils (1002) in der Weise verbindet, daß die Flüssigkeit daran gehindert wird, frei durch die verbundenen Teile der Schnecken des zweiten Endteils (1002) zu fließen, und in der Weise, daß ein Spalt (G) zwischen dem Element (1005) und dem Wulst (1011) gebildet wird, wobei das System des weiteren mit zwei Vorhängen (239) ausgeführt ist, die den Spalt (G) teilweise schließen und sich nach unten in das Bad erstrecken, um die Schwimmpartikel im Bad daran zu hindern, überzuwechseln und sich mit den durch den Spalt (G) wandernden festen Partikeln zu verbinden.
  23. Verfahren zum Trennen fester Partikel in zwei Fraktionen mittels eines Mediums, dessen spezifisches Gewicht zwischen dem spezifischen Gewicht des Schwimmanteils und dem spezifischen Gewicht des Sinkanteils liegt, bei dem ein System nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche benutzt wird, bei dem:
    - die zu trennenden festen Partikel sowie das Medium in eine Schneckentrommel (1) eingeleitet werden, in der die Partikel in einen Schwimmanteil und einen Sinkanteil getrennt werden;
    - der Schwimmanteil sowie das Medium in Richtung des einen Endes (3) der Schneckentrommel (1) strömen, während die Schneckentrommel gleichzeitig gedreht wird, so daß sich der Sinkanteil zum gegenüberliegenden Ende (2) der Schneckentrommel (1) bewegt, und der Sinkanteil außerdem in eine zweite Schneckentrommel verbracht wird, die an der ersten Trommel (1) befestigt ist und mit dieser in Verbindung steht;
    - ein Vorhang (27) zwischen dem Ende (2) der ersten Trommel (1) gegenüber dem Ende (3) und neben der zweiten Trommel (31) und dem Ende (7) der zweiten Trommel (31) gegenüber dem Ende (2) der ersten Trommel (1) angeordnet ist, wobei der Vorhang (27) dazu dient, den Durchgang des Schwimmanteils in denjenigen Teil der zweiten Trommel (31) zu verhindern, der zwischen dem Vorhang (27) und dem Ende (7) gegenüber dem der ersten Trommel (1) benachbarten Ende liegt;
    - der Schwimmanteil sowie Medium aus dem Ende der ersten Trommel (1) gegenüber dem der zweiten Trommel (31) benachbarten Ende evakuiert werden, während der Sinkanteil aufgrund der Drehung der zweiten Trommel (31) am Ende (7) der zweiten Trommel (31) gegenüber dem der ersten Trommel (1) benachbarten Ende evakuiert wird; und
    - ein höherer Druck des Mediums an derjenigen Seite des Vorhangs (27), die dem Ende (7) der zweiten Trommel (31) am nächsten liegt, zum Entfernen des Sinkanteils erzeugt wird.
  24. Verfahren nach Anspruch 23, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens ein aus einer Gruppe gewählter Parameter, die aus der Drehgeschwindigkeit der Trommeln (1, 31), der Durchflußrate des Mediums und der Zuführrate der festen Partikel besteht, so geregelt wird, daß sich ein Sinkanteil ergibt, der einen Partikelanteil von weniger als 0,1 Gew.-% mit einem spezifischen Gewicht, das niedriger ist als das spezifische Gewicht des Mediums, aufweist.
  25. Verfahren nach Anspruch 23, bei dem in die erste Trommel (1) ein Medium so eingespritzt wird, daß es die Schwimmpartikel in Richtung zur Auslaßstelle (10) für diese Schwimmpartikel treibt.
EP94901707A 1992-12-21 1993-12-20 Einrichtung zur sink-schwimmscheidung von festen partikeln Expired - Lifetime EP0674546B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US07/993,857 US5373946A (en) 1992-12-21 1992-12-21 System for media separation of solid particles
US993857 1992-12-21
US08/088,538 US5495949A (en) 1993-07-09 1993-07-09 System for treating solid particles in a medium
US88538 1993-07-09
PCT/BE1993/000081 WO1994014541A1 (en) 1992-12-21 1993-12-20 System for sink-float separation of solid particles

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EP0674546A1 EP0674546A1 (de) 1995-10-04
EP0674546B1 true EP0674546B1 (de) 1997-03-05

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AT (1) ATE149380T1 (de)
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DE (1) DE69308594T2 (de)
DK (1) DK0674546T3 (de)
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WO (1) WO1994014541A1 (de)

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US6024226A (en) * 1997-06-05 2000-02-15 Olivier; Paul A. System and process for separating and recovering/recycling solid wastes and waste streams
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FR533027A (fr) * 1920-01-31 1922-02-17 Appareil pour la séparation de substances de poids spécifiques différents au moyen d'un liquide séparateur dans un tambour tournant
US1559938A (en) * 1922-07-07 1925-11-03 Thomas M Chance Apparatus for separating materials of different specific gravities
FR866046A (fr) * 1940-02-24 1941-06-13 Cie De Fives Lille Procédé et appareil pour la séparation des matières solides par liqueur dense
DE960801C (de) * 1955-07-30 1957-03-28 Schuechtermann & Kremer Baum A Trommelsinkscheider zum Aufbereiten von Mineralien, insbesondere von Steinkohle, in Schwerfluessigkeit
US4234415A (en) 1979-02-12 1980-11-18 Tuya Casuso Enrique De Apparatus for separating solids
US4267980A (en) 1979-11-26 1981-05-19 Cal West Metals Separator
US4323449A (en) * 1980-11-14 1982-04-06 Pelletier Robert A Method and apparatus for beneficiating coal
DE3132162C2 (de) * 1981-08-14 1986-04-10 M.A.N. Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg AG, 4200 Oberhausen Schwertrübescheider
US5169005A (en) * 1991-02-07 1992-12-08 Beane William F Apparatus for separating material of lighter specific gravity from material of a heavier specific gravity

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0674546A1 (de) 1995-10-04
CA2152068A1 (en) 1994-07-07
ATE149380T1 (de) 1997-03-15
AU673874B2 (en) 1996-11-28
AU5620794A (en) 1994-07-19
ES2101485T3 (es) 1997-07-01
DE69308594D1 (de) 1997-04-10
WO1994014541A1 (en) 1994-07-07
CA2152068C (en) 1999-10-05
DK0674546T3 (da) 1997-09-15
DE69308594T2 (de) 1997-10-02

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