EP0673496B1 - Echangeur de chaleur a plaques constitue de plaques preformees - Google Patents

Echangeur de chaleur a plaques constitue de plaques preformees Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0673496B1
EP0673496B1 EP94919451A EP94919451A EP0673496B1 EP 0673496 B1 EP0673496 B1 EP 0673496B1 EP 94919451 A EP94919451 A EP 94919451A EP 94919451 A EP94919451 A EP 94919451A EP 0673496 B1 EP0673496 B1 EP 0673496B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
panel
manifolds
tubes
manifold
panels
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94919451A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0673496A1 (fr
Inventor
Anthony Joseph Cesaroni
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0673496A1 publication Critical patent/EP0673496A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0673496B1 publication Critical patent/EP0673496B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/06—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of plastics material
    • F28F21/062—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of plastics material the heat-exchange apparatus employing tubular conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0219—Arrangements for sealing end plates into casing or header box; Header box sub-elements
    • F28F9/0221—Header boxes or end plates formed by stacked elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a panel for a panel heat exchanger, in which the panels are formed from tubes with manifolds joined thereto. A plurality of such preformed panels is used to form the panel heat exchanger. Preferably, all of the panel is formed from a thermoplastic polymer.
  • the invention relates also to a panel heat exchanger comprising such panels.
  • thermoplastic polymers and methods for the manufacture of such heat exchangers are known. For instance, a number of heat exchangers formed from thermoplastic polymers and methods for the manufacture thereof are disclosed in PCT patent application WO91/02209 of A.J. Cesaroni, published 1991 February 21, and in the published patent applications referred to therein. Tubular heat exchangers are also described by E.L. Fletcher and T.H. Kho in U.S. Patent 4 923 004, issued 1990 May 08.
  • a preferred material of construction is aliphatic polyamide.
  • FR-A-2,382,666 discloses elementary heat exchangers including manifolds in the shape of a plate having a continuous peripheral wall and at least one face of that plate is planar. That elementary heat exchanger comprises a multitubular plate with a gasket seating in a groove bearing against the multitubular plate in order to form a fluid-tight seal around the multitubular plate.
  • the manifold portion of each panel or elementary heat exchanger is formed of two shells which have been assembled by first moving them together along a first direction until the shells are in close contact and until each of them is in close contact with the corresponding face of the multitubular plate and then by moving the shells with respect to each other along a second direction until stops of each of these shells are in close contact with the multitublar plate.
  • the present invention as claimed in claims 1 and 7 solves the problem of how to achieve a fluid-tight heat exchanger in as simple a manner as possible.
  • Preferred embodiments of the panel for a panel heat exchanger are set forth in claims 2 to 6.
  • the panel heat exchangers are formed from a plurality of such panels by bonding the panels together in a laminar manner.
  • a panel (generally indicated by 11) is shown as being formed from inlet manifold 12, outlet manifold 13 and a plurality of tubes 14. Tubes 14 are located between inlet manifold 12 and outlet manifold 13, and are in a parallel spaced apart and side-by-side relationship with each other. The plurality of tubes 14 are also in the same plane, as more easily seen in Fig.s 2-6.
  • Each of inlet manifold 12 and outlet manifold 13 is shown as being formed by walls 15 that form the periphery of each manifold, each manifold otherwise being open.
  • the inlet and outlet manifolds may be on the same end, as shown in Fig. 2, with a manifold or chamber for reversal of fluid flow on the other end of the panel i.e. some of the tubes are used for flow in one direction and the remainder are used for flow in the other direction; in this embodiment the panel would have a manifold of Fig. 2 on one end and a manifold of Fig. 3 on the other end.
  • Fig. 2 shows a panel end 21 having a first manifold 22 and a second manifold 23.
  • First manifold 22 is separated from second manifold 23 by barrier 24.
  • Tubes 25 are in fluid flow communication with first manifold 22 through channels 26.
  • tubes 27 are in fluid flow communication with second manifold 23 through channels 28.
  • Fig. 3 is similar to Fig. 2, except that there is only one manifold i.e. the barrier 24 in Fig. 2 has been omitted.
  • Fig. 3 shows a panel end 31 having a manifold 32. Tubes 33 are in fluid flow communication with manifold 32 through channels 34.
  • Fig. 4 shows end section 41 that is of similar design to panel end 21 shown in Fig. 2. However, two of end sections 41 in face to face relationship would be required to form panel end 21.
  • Fig. 4 shows an end section 41 having a first manifold 42 and a second manifold 43. First manifold 42 is separated from second manifold 43 by barrier 44.
  • End section 41 has grooves 45 and 46 in a location corresponding to the location of tubes 25 and 27 in Fig. 2. Grooves 45 and 46 are of circular cross-section and of a size to accept tubes 25 and 27.
  • Fig. 5 shows a cross-section of end section 41 along A-A of Fig. 4.
  • End section member 51 is shown as having grooves 52 of substantially semi-circular cross section, but being adapted so as to accept tubes.
  • Fig. 6 shows a panel heat exchanger 61 that has an inlet 62 and an outlet 63.
  • Inlet 62 and outlet 63 are joined together by a plurality of panels 64.
  • Each of panels 64 are of the construction described above, with a plurality of tubes 65 extending from inlet 62 to outlet 63.
  • Outlet 63 is shown as being partially cutaway, to reveal channels 66 of tubes 65.
  • Inlet 62 and outlet 63 are formed by the bonding together in a face-to-face manner of manifolds of the type described above, especially in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.
  • tubes are shown in the drawings as being both linear and parallel to each other, it is to be understood that this is a preferred embodiment and that other arrangements of tubes in a side-by-side relationship may be used.
  • the tubes may be non-linear i.e. curved or looped or in other convenient configurations.
  • the tubing is bonded to manifolds at each end of the tubing.
  • the manifold may be characterized by having channels in the wall thereof into which the tubing may be inserted and bonded.
  • end sections of the type shown in Fig. 4 may be used in which event the ends of the tubing are laid in the grooves; a second similar end section is then placed over the tubing to complete the manifold, and heated in a press to effect bonding and formation of the manifold.
  • manifolds are selected depending on the construction of the heat exchanger and the desired flow pattern through the heat exchanger. For instance, if the flow pattern was to be directly from one end to the other, two manifolds of the type shown in Fig. 3 would be used, one as inlet manifold and one as outlet manifold. Alternatively, a manifold of the type shown in Fig. 2 could be used on one end and a manifold of the type shown in Fig. 3 could be used on the other end; in operation, fluid would flow from inlet manifold 22, through tubes 25 to manifold 32 and return through tubes 27 to outlet manifold 28.
  • the inlet and outlet manifolds are on the same end of the panel, with the manifold on the opposite end of the panel being merely to reverse the direction of flow through the panel. While the manifolds need to be open on at least one face, it is to be understood that shims could be used to cover the other face of a manifold, thereby altering flow patterns, so as to maintain a desired residence time of the fluid in the panel heat exchanger by restrictions to the path of the fluid.
  • the panel heat exchanger is formed by taking a desired number of panels of the required configurations, optionally including shims, and placing the panels in a face to face relationship so that the manifolds cooperatively will form fluid tight inlets and outlets of the heat exchanger.
  • the manifold sections are then bonded together, used heat and/or adhesives, depending in particular on the polymer used in the fabrication of the panels, especially the manifolds.
  • the inlet and outlet require suitable connectors to permit fluid to enter and pass from the heat exchanger.
  • fluid would enter the inlet e.g. inlet 62, pass through tubes (65) to outlet 63.
  • the panel heat exchanger would normally have the manifolds of a construction such that fluid passed several times from one side of the panel heat exchanger to the other e.g. in a zig-zag manner, to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of the operation of the panel heat exchanger.
  • the centres of tubes in adjacent stacked panels are not in alignment but are off-set by, for instance, one half of a diameter. Such an off-set nature of the tubes is believed to be beneficial for efficient heat exchange.
  • the sheets may be formed from a variety of polymer compositions.
  • the composition selected will depend primarily on the end use intended for the heat exchanger, especially the temperature of use and the environment of use, including the fluid that will be passed through the heat exchanger and the fluid e.g. air, external to the heat exchanger.
  • the fluid may be air that at times contains salt or other corrosive or abrasive matter, or the fluid may be liquid e.g. radiator fluid.
  • the tubes and manifolds may be fabricated from different polymers, the requirement being that acceptable bonding may be achieved.
  • a preferred polymer of construction is polyamide.
  • polyamides are the polyamides formed by the condensation polymerization of an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having 6-12 carbon atoms with an aliphatic primary diamine having 6-12 carbon atoms.
  • the polyamide may be formed by condensation polymerization of an aliphatic lactam or alpha,omega aminocarboxylic acid having 6-12 carbon atoms.
  • the polyamide may be formed by copolymerization of mixtures of such dicarboxylic acids, diamines, lactams and aminocarboxylic acids.
  • dicarboxylic acids are 1,6-hexanedioic acid (adipic acid), 1,7-heptanedioic acid (pimelic acid), 1,8-octanedioic acid (suberic acid), 1,9-nonanedioic acid (azelaic acid), 1,10-decanedioic acid (sebacic acid) and 1,12-dodecanedioic acid.
  • diamines are 1,6-hexamethylene diamine, 2-methyl pentamethylene diamine, 1,8-octamethylene diamine, 1,10-decamethylene diamine and 1,12-dodecamethylene diamine.
  • An example of a lactam is caprolactam.
  • alpha,omega aminocarboxylic acids are amino octanoic acid, amino decanoic acid and amino dodecanoic acid.
  • Preferred examples of the polyamides are polyhexamethylene adipamide and polycaprolactam, which are also known as nylon 66 and nylon 6, respectively.
  • thermoplastic polymers examples include polyethylene, polypropylene, fluorocarbon polymers, polyesters, thermoplastic and thermoset elastomers e.g.
  • polyetherester elastomers neoprene, chlorosulphonated polyethylene, and ethylene/propylene/diene (EPDM) elastomers, polyvinyl chloride and polyurethane.
  • tubing could be metallic tubing, although plastic tubing is preferred.
  • the thickness of tubing used in the fabrication of the panels is less than 0.7 mm, and especially in the range of 0.07-0.50 mm, particularly 0.12-0.30 mm.
  • the polymer compositions used in the fabrication of the panel heat exchangers may contain stabilizers, pigments, fillers, including glass fibres, and the like, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the art.
  • the polymer composition of the tubing and of the manifolds may be the same or different, depending on the intended use of the panel heat exchangers. All seals in the panel heat exchanger need to be fluid tight seals to prevent leakage of fluid from the heat exchanger.
  • the panel heat exchangers and the process of manufacture provide a versatile and relatively simple method of fabricating heat exchangers. Simple moulds and fabrication techniques may be used. Panel heat exchangers may be custom made, using panels that have been preformed and are effectively "off the shelf”. Combinations of panels of differing configurations may be used, by suitable selection of the panels, with a myriad of flow patterns being possible.
  • the heat exchangers may be used in a variety of end-uses, depending on the polymer(s) from which the heat exchanger has been fabricated and the intended environment of use of the heat exchanger.
  • the panel heat exchangers may be used in automotive end uses e.g. as part of the water and oil cooling systems.
  • the panel heat exchangers may be used in marine end-uses, including for craft that will operate on the sea.
  • the panel heat exchangers may also be used in less demanding end uses e.g. in refrigeration and in comfort heat exchangers, including heating of rooms, floors and the like, and domestic uses.
  • a panel heat exchanger of the type described above with reference to Fig. 6 was fabricated from polyhexamethylene adipamide compositions.
  • the manifolds were of the shape shown in Fig. 2.
  • Each panel consisted of 10 tubes and the inlet and outlet manifolds.
  • the panel heat exchanger had six panels.
  • the tubing had a wall thickness of 0.36 mm and an outer diameter of 4.3 mm, and had been formed by extrusion of a polyhexamethylene adipamide composition.
  • the panels were formed by bonding tubing into channels in the manifolds using an adhesive of the type described in European patent application No. 287 271 of A.J. Cesaroni, published 1988 October 19. Heat was applied to effect bonding.
  • the panel heat exchanger was formed from panels using the same technique.
  • the resultant panel heat exchanger was tested and found to be fluid tight.

Claims (7)

  1. Plaque pour un échangeur de chaleur à plaques, comprenant:
    plusieurs tubes (14, 25, 27, 33) dans une seule couche, lesdits tubes étant agencés dans une relation côte à côte;
    un premier et un deuxième collecteur (12, 13), chacun desdits collecteurs ayant la forme d'une plaque comportant une paroi périphérique continue (15), renfermant une chambre, au moins une face de ladite plaque étant plane, et au moins une desdites faces planes sur chacun desdits premier et deuxième collecteurs étant ouverte;
    lesdits tubes étant fixés au niveau de leurs extrémités correspondantes audit premier collecteur et audit deuxième collecteur, de sorte à établir une communication de fluide entre les faces ouvertes desdits premier et deuxième collecteurs à travers les tubes et les chambres dans les collecteurs;
    lesdits collecteurs pouvant être fixés à des collecteurs similaires d'une manière face à face, lesdites parois périphériques des collecteurs sur la face devant être fixée étant coplanaires au plan des tubes et lesdits collecteurs étant ouverts sur au moins ladite face devant être fixée; et
    les tubes et les collecteurs étant fabriqués à partir d'un polymère thermoplastique;
       caractérisé en ce que
    lesdits tubes (14, 25, 27, 33) sont espacés;
    plusieurs canaux (26, 28, 34) sont agencés à travers une section de ladite paroi et chaque tube étant lié à un canal séparé;
    lesdits tubes sont fixés audit premier collecteur et audit deuxième collecteur par liaison; et
    lesdits collecteurs peuvent être fixés à des collecteurs similaires par liaison.
  2. Plaque selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle les canaux sont parallèles.
  3. Plaque selon les revendications 1 ou 2, dans laquelle les tubes sont parallèles.
  4. Plaque selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, dans laquelle les diamètres des tubes se situent dans un plan.
  5. Plaque selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans laquelle les tubes sont linéaires.
  6. Plaque selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, dans laquelle le polymère est un polyamide.
  7. Échangeur de chaleur à plaques comprenant au moins deux plaques selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, lesdites plaques étant liées dans une relation lamellaire empilée, les collecteurs d'une plaque étant liés aux collecteurs d'une deuxième plaque d'une manière face à face et étanche aux fluides.
EP94919451A 1992-12-21 1993-12-16 Echangeur de chaleur a plaques constitue de plaques preformees Expired - Lifetime EP0673496B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9226554 1992-12-21
GB929226554A GB9226554D0 (en) 1992-12-21 1992-12-21 Panel heat exchanger formed from pre-formed panels
PCT/CA1993/000544 WO1994015163A1 (fr) 1992-12-21 1993-12-16 Echangeur de chaleur a plaques constitue de plaques preformees

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0673496A1 EP0673496A1 (fr) 1995-09-27
EP0673496B1 true EP0673496B1 (fr) 1998-06-10

Family

ID=10726924

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94919451A Expired - Lifetime EP0673496B1 (fr) 1992-12-21 1993-12-16 Echangeur de chaleur a plaques constitue de plaques preformees

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0673496B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3621096B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2151914C (fr)
DE (1) DE69319137T2 (fr)
GB (1) GB9226554D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1994015163A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29618878U1 (de) * 1996-10-30 1996-12-19 Rehau Ag & Co Wärmetauscher
NL1013224C2 (nl) * 1999-10-06 2001-04-09 Bloksma B V Beunkoeler.
JP2001248850A (ja) * 1999-12-28 2001-09-14 Toyox Co Ltd 冷暖房用パイプマット
CA2458653A1 (fr) 2001-09-21 2003-03-27 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Fabrication d'un echangeur de chaleur par extrusion de polymeres et structures formees de cette maniere
NL1025784C2 (nl) * 2004-03-22 2005-09-26 Nl Radiateuren Fabriek B V Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van een bunkoeler.
WO2006059498A1 (fr) * 2004-11-30 2006-06-08 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Echangeur de chaleur et son procede de fabrication
JP2006207937A (ja) * 2005-01-28 2006-08-10 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 熱交換器及びその製造方法
JP2006153360A (ja) * 2004-11-30 2006-06-15 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 熱交換器及びその製造方法
CA2538761A1 (fr) 2005-03-08 2006-09-08 Anthony Joseph Cesaroni Methode de scellement de tubes d'echangeur thermique
ITBS20060171A1 (it) * 2006-08-02 2008-02-03 Ferdinando Possi Struttura di radiatore per riscaldamento

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3561524A (en) * 1969-10-08 1971-02-09 Satterthwaite James G Marine keel cooler
DE2204167A1 (de) * 1972-01-29 1973-08-09 Krupp Gmbh Waermetauscher und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
FR2382666A1 (fr) * 1977-03-04 1978-09-29 Gir Pi Echangeurs de chaleur elementaires et bloc d'echange de chaleur forme de tels echangeurs de chaleur elementaires
GB8711428D0 (en) * 1987-05-14 1987-06-17 Du Pont Canada Comfort heat exchanger

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP3621096B2 (ja) 2005-02-16
DE69319137D1 (de) 1998-07-16
EP0673496A1 (fr) 1995-09-27
GB9226554D0 (en) 1993-02-17
JPH08508332A (ja) 1996-09-03
WO1994015163A1 (fr) 1994-07-07
CA2151914A1 (fr) 1994-07-07
CA2151914C (fr) 2004-11-09
DE69319137T2 (de) 1999-02-11

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US5469915A (en) Panel heat exchanger formed from tubes and sheets
EP0397487B1 (fr) Echangeurs de chaleur à plaques formés de polymère thermoplastique
EP0286399B1 (fr) Echangeur de chaleur fabriqué à partir de compositions de polymères
US4871017A (en) Headers for thermoplastic panel heat exchangers
CA1316527C (fr) Echangeur de chaleur
US5114776A (en) Corrugated thermoplastic sheet having fluid flow passages
EP0673496B1 (fr) Echangeur de chaleur a plaques constitue de plaques preformees
US4859265A (en) Process for manufacturing of heat exchangers from polymers
US5275235A (en) Panel heat exchanger
US5499676A (en) Multi-panelled heat exchanger
KR0177796B1 (ko) 열가소성 패널 열 교환기 및 그의 제조방법
EP0486506B1 (fr) Echangeur thermique a panneaux

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19950612

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): BE DE FR GB IT NL SE

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19951009

GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): BE DE FR GB IT NL SE

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 69319137

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19980716

ET Fr: translation filed
ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

Owner name: MARIETTI E GISLON S.R.L.

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: IF02

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20041205

Year of fee payment: 12

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 20041206

Year of fee payment: 12

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20041208

Year of fee payment: 12

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20041209

Year of fee payment: 12

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20041215

Year of fee payment: 12

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 20050704

Year of fee payment: 12

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.

Effective date: 20051216

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20051216

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20051217

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20051231

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20060701

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20060701

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed
GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20051216

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20060831

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee

Effective date: 20060701

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

Effective date: 20060831

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: *CESARONI ANTHONY JOSEPH

Effective date: 20051231